Message of the Holy Quran

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Compiled and Edited by: Syed Tanwir Mujtaba Islam International Publications Limited

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Message of the Holy Qur’ a n —A comprehensive collection of Qur’ a nic verses with their English translation under indexed headings— Compiled and Edited by: Syed Tanwir Mujtaba tanwirm@gmail.com Printed in UK in 2018 © Islam International Publications Ltd.Published by: Islam International Publications Limited Unit 3, Bourne Mill Business Park Guildford Road Farnham, Surrey GU9 9PS United Kingdom Printed in UK at: Raqeem Press Farnham, Surrey United Kingdom ISBN: 978-1-84880-843-0

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~ iii ~ Table of Contents Foreword....................................................................................v Preface........................................................................................ix Bibliography...............................................................................xi Publishers’ Note........................................................................xiii Message of the Holy Qur’ a n........................................................1 A......................................................................................................1 B..................................................................................................107 C..................................................................................................138 D..................................................................................................167 E..................................................................................................205 F..................................................................................................221 G..................................................................................................238 H..................................................................................................245 I...................................................................................................265 J...................................................................................................286 K..................................................................................................305 L...................................................................................................319 M.................................................................................................329

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~ iv ~ N..................................................................................................395 O..................................................................................................403 P..................................................................................................409 Q..................................................................................................463 R..................................................................................................479 S..................................................................................................503 T..................................................................................................545 U..................................................................................................560 V..................................................................................................563 W.................................................................................................568 Y..................................................................................................588 Z..................................................................................................589 Subject Index............................................................................592

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~ v ~ Foreword “And surely We have brought them a Book which We have expounded with knowledge, a guidance and a mercy for a people who believe.” 1 It is an obvious fact that the great merit of anything lies in its fulfilling the purpose for which it has been made.Therefore, the true purpose of a Heavenly Scripture is that it should save those that follow it from a sinful life through its teaching and influence; its power of reform and spiritual qualities.The Holy Qur’ a n has all these traits, and is far exalted than all previous Holy Scriptures.The Qur’ a n is a miracle of limitless insights and eternal truths vouchsafed to our Holy Prophet sa , over fourteen hundred years ago.Over the course of time people have come to attribute arbi- trary meanings to the Word of God to suit their own ends, result- ing in the opponents of Islam to question its authenticity and teachings.Most of these misinterpretations have crept in because of our failure to fully understand the message of the Qur’ a n.The Promised Messiah as was commissioned not only to expound the beauties of Islam but also to adjudicate and correct the distortions and fabrications that had been introduced into Islam during the course of the centuries.He writes regarding the Holy Qur’ a n: 1 The Holy Qur’ a n : Ch.7 V.53

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~ vi ~ “Of all the current revealed Books on earth, the Holy Qur’ a n is the only Book which is conclusively proven to be the Word of God.Its teachings for salvation are based entirely on truth and are in accordance with human nature.Its doctrines are so perfect and firm that strong proofs bear witness to their truth.Its commandments are based upon truth.Its teachings are free from every type of polytheism, innovation and worship of creatures.It is full of eagerness for the manifestation of the Unity of God and of Divine greatness and of the perfection of the Lord of Honour.” 2 “I call Allah to witness that the Holy Qur’ a n is a rare pearl.Its outside is light and its inside is light and its above is light and its below is light and there is light in every word of it.It is a spiritual garden whose clustered fruits are within easy reach and through which streams flow.Every fruit of good for- tune is found in it and every torch is lit from it.Its light has penetrated to my heart and I could not have acquired it by any other means.And Allah is my Witness that if there had been no Qur’ a n I would have found no delight in life.” 3 The Successors of the Promised Messiah as for more than a cen- tury have embarked upon the same mission of declaring to the world that all solutions can be found within the Qur’ a n, and its divine teachings are even applicable in today’s world.They have responded to criticism and taken up the defence of the Holy Qur’ a n with vigour and tremendous success.Hazrat Mirza 2 Barahin-e-Ahmadiyya, Ru ha n i Khaz a ’in , Vol.1 3 A ’ i na-e-Kam a l a t-e-Isl a m , Ru ha n i Khaz a ’in , Vol.5

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~ vii ~ Masroor Ahmad, Khalifatul Masih V, (may Allah be his Helper) states, “We invite our adversaries to look at the teachings and con- tents of the Holy Qur’ a n attentively and discern its excellences with respect to its spiritual, moral and social guidance of man- kind” 4 For the benefit and understanding of Muslims and non-Muslims alike Syed Tanwir Mujtaba has meticulously compiled a detailed concordance of the Holy Qur’ a n.The verses have been collected under approximately a thousand different subject headings and the Ahmadiyya Muslim Commu- nity’s philosophy on matters of ‘Finality of Prophethood’, ‘The Death of Jesus Christ as ’, ‘Jih a d’, ‘Apostasy’, ‘Freedom of Con- science’, ‘Peace’, etcetera have been discussed.Its unique feature is that the original Arabic of the Qur’ a n is given side by side with its English translation to preserve the sanctity of the text as well as for ease of comparison.The English translation has been taken from the Holy Qur’ a n – Arabic Text with English Translation and Short Commentary, edited by Malik Ghulam Farid Sahib.I hope this concordance of the Holy Qur’ a n plays its role in man- ifesting the true and pristine nature of the Holy Qur’ a n, and serves as a means of depicting the pure teachings of Islam.As the Promised Messiah as states, The Holy Qur’ a n is a casket of jewels, but 4 Friday Sermon, 29 th February 2008

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~ viii ~ people are sadly unaware of it , hopefully this effort will attract the attention of the unwary.Munir-ud-Din Shams London

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~ ix ~ Preface The Message of the Holy Qur’ a n has its root in the Index that I was asked to prepare of the Holy Qur’ a n – Arabic Text with English Translation and Short Commentary, edited by Malik Ghulam Farid Sahib.This Message is a logical progression of that effort.It was my desire to group all the verses of the Holy Qur’ a n on a particular subject listed under one heading, so that the correct overall message could be easily understood.I hope, I have suc- ceeded in this to some measure.In order to list possible subjects many different translations of the Holy Qur’ a n, encyclopedias, dictionaries and indices were consulted, both in print as well as online.I was then able to list these verses under various headings and subheadings.Some verses appear more than once under different headings.The verses are referenced by S u rah#: Verse#.People who wish to find what the Holy Qur’ a n says about a par- ticular subject will find approptiate verses in one place, which will help in comprehending its true message.At the end I have provided an Index of subject headings, which will assist in selecting the intended subject.Every effort has been made to ensure that there are no mistakes in the Qur’ a nic text or its English translation, but we are all prone to error.I would like to thank Hanif Ahmad Mahmood Sahib, N a ’ib N az ir I s l ah -o-Irsh a d and my colleagues in Wak a lat-e-Ta s n i f for their guidance and support.I am also deeply indebted to Munir- ud-Din Shams Sahib, Additional Wak i lut-Ta s n i f, London for his encouragement and help in the final stages of this publication.

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~ x ~ I also thank Mirza Abdul-Wahhab Sahib and Rubina Nasser Sahiba for their suggestions.The Holy Qur’ a n is a treasure house, an ocean of wisdom and knowledge.There will be many important topics and verses which I have failed to include.This is due to my own shortcomings.I seek Allah’s blessings and thank Him for being granted the op- portunity to be of any service to His Holy Book.It is of immence pleasure to me that I was able to finalize this publication in the Holy month of Rama da n.Syed Tanwir Mujtaba Rabwah July 2018

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~ xi ~ Bibliography Farid, Malik Ghulam.The Holy Qur’ a n—Short Commentary.Is- lam International Publications Ltd.2003 Ali, Maulaw i Sher.The Holy Qur’ a n.Islam International Publica- tions Ltd.2004 Mahmood Ahmad, Alh a j Mirza Bashiruddin.T he Holy Qur’ a n— Five Volume Commentary.Islam International Publications Ltd.1988 Mahmood Ahmad, Alh a j Mirza Bashiruddin.Tafs i r-e-Kab i r (Urdu).Rabwah Bearman, P.J.& … Encyclopedia of Islam.Lieden, Brill.2004 McAuliffe, J.D.Encyclopedia of the Qur’ a n.Lieden, Brill.2001 Yahya, Harun.An Index of the Qur’ a n.USA, 2003 Hughes, Thomas P.A Dictionary of Islam.London, W.H.Allen.1895 Esposito, John L.The Oxford Dictionary of Islam.OUP 2003 Khan, H a j i Habib-ur-Rahman.Glossary of the Holy Qur’ a n.Is- lamabad.1987 Glossary of Qur’ a n.www.trueteachings.com Leaman, Oliver.Qur’ a n —an Encyclopedia.Routledge.2006 Ali, Maul a n a Muhammad.The Holy Qur’ a n —Commentary.AAII.Lahore.1965 Erfani, Muhammad Imran.A-Z Ready Reference of the Qur’ a n`.Goodword Books.2004

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~ xii ~ Osama, Dr.Syed Muhammad.Fahris Ma da m i n Al-Qur’ a n Al-Ka- r i m (Urdu).Kit a b Bhawan.2002 Farid, Malik Ghulam.Dictionary of the Holy Qur’ a n.Islam Inter- national Publications Ltd.2006 Al-Baqi, Muhammad Fu’ad.Al-Mu‘jam Al-Mufharis.Tehran.1989

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~ xiii ~ Publishers’ Note The name of Muhammad sa , the Holy Prophet of Islam, has been fol- lowed by the symbol sa , which is an abbreviation for the salutation S allall a hu ‘Alaihi Wasallam (may peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).The names of other Prophets and Messengers are fol- lowed by the symbol as , an abbreviation for ‘ Alaihis-Sal a m (on whom be peace).The actual salutations have not generally been set out in full, but they should nevertheless, be understood as being repeated in full in each case.The symbol ra is used with the names of the compan- ions of the Holy Prophet sa and those of the Promised Messiah as.It stands for Ra di All a hu ‘anhu/‘anh a /‘anhum (may Allah be pleased with him/with her/with them).rh stands for Ra h imahull a hu Ta‘ a l a (may Allah have mercy on him).at stands for Ayyadahull a hu Ta‘ a l a (may Allah be his Helper).In transliterating Arabic words we have followed the following sys- tem adopted by the Royal Asiatic Society.ﺍ at the beginning of a word, pronounced as a , i , u preceded by a very slight aspiration, like h in the English word 'honour'.ﺙ th , pronounced like th in the English word 'thing'.ﺡ h , a guttural aspirate, stronger than h.ﺥ kh , pronounced like the Scotch ch in 'loch'.ﺫ dh , pronounced like the English th in 'that'.ﺹ s , strongly articulated s.ﺽ d , similar to the English th in 'this'.ﻁ t , strongly articulated palatal t.ﻅ z , strongly articulated z.

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~ xiv ~ ﻉ ‘ , a strong guttural, the pronunciation of which must be learnt by the ear.ﻍ gh , a sound approached very nearly in the r ' grasseye ' in French, and in the German r.It requires the muscles of the throat to be in the 'gar- gling' position whilst pronouncing it.ﻕ q , a deep guttural k sound.ﺉ ’ , a sort of catch in the voice.Short vowels are represented by: a for (like u in 'bud'); i for (like i in 'bid'); u for (like oo in 'wood'); Long vowels by: a for or (like a in 'father'); i for ی or (like ee in 'deep'); u for ﻭ (like oo in 'root'); Other: ai for ی (like i in 'site') ♦ ; au for ﻭ (resembling ou in 'sound').In transliterated words the letter 'e' is to be pronounced as in 'prey' which rhymes with 'day'; however the pronunciation is flat without the element of English diphthong.If in Urdu and Persian words 'e' is lengthened a bit more it is transliterated as 'ei' to be pronounced as 'ei' in 'feign' without the element of diphthong thus ' کے ' is transliterated as 'Kei'.For the nasal sound ♦ In Arabic words like ﺷﻴﺦ (Shaikh) there is an element of diphthong which is missing when the word is pronounced in Urdu.

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~ xv ~ of 'n' we have used the symbol 'ń'.Thus Urdu word ' ﻣﻴں ' is trans- literated as 'meiń'.* The consonants not included in the above list have the same pho- netic value as in the principal languages of Europe.Publisher * These transliterations are not included in the system of transliteration by Royal Asiatic Society.[Publishers]

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~ 1 ~ Message of the Holy Qur’ a n A Aaron : H a r u n as cleared of Biblical condemna- tion, And Aaron had said to them before the return of Moses , 'O my people, you have only been tried by means of the calf.And, surely, the Gracious God is your Lord, so follow me and obey my command,' 20:91 Moses said , 'My Lord, for- give me and my brother, and admit us to Thy mercy and Thou art the Most Merciful of those who show mercy.' 7:152 commis- sioned to Pharaoh, Then We sent after them Moses and Aaron to Phar- aoh and his chiefs with Our Signs, but they behaved ar- rogantly.And they were a sinful people.10:76 ' Go both of you, to Pharaoh, for he has transgressed all bounds; 20:44 ' So go to Pharaoh and say, " We are the Messengers of the Lord of the worlds- 26:17 family of ¬ , and a legacy of good left by the family

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~ 2 ~ of Moses and the family of Aaron 2:249 favours of God on ¬ , And, indeed, We bestowed favours on Moses and Aa- ron.37:115 given discrimina- tion And We gave Moses and Aaron the Discrimination and a Light and a Reminder for the righteous, 21:49 subordinate of Moses, We gave Moses the Book, and appointed with him his brother Aaron as his assis- tant.25:36 prayer of Moses for ¬ He said, 'My Lord, I have control only over myself and my brother, therefore distinguish Thou between us and the rebellious people, 5:26 Prophet- hood of ¬ , And We bestowed upon him, out of Our mercy, his brother Aaron whom We made a Prophet.19:54 repri- manded by Moses, Moses said, 'O Aaron, what prevented thee, when thou didst see them gone astray 20:93 ' From following me? Didst thou then disobey my com- mand?' 20:94 sent with Allah’s signs and author- ity, Then We sent Moses and his brother Aaron with Our Signs and a clear authority, 23:46 word sent to ¬ 'And my breast is straitened and my tongue is not fluent; so send word to Aaron also ; 26:14

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~ 3 ~ Abasement: Jews smit- ten with ¬ , They shall be smitten with abasement wherever they are found unless they are protected by a covenant with Allah or by a covenant with men.They have in- curred the wrath of Allah, and have been smitten with wretchedness.That is be- cause they rejected the Signs of Allah and sought to slay the Prophets un- justly.That is because they rebelled and used to trans- gress.3:113 of Satan, God said, 'Then go down hence; it is not for thee to be arrogant here.Get out; thou art certainly of those who are abased.' 7:14 of calf wor- shippers , A s to those, who took the calf for worship, wrath from their Lord shall over- take them and abasement in the present life.And thus do We reward those who invent lies.7:153 of oppo- nents of Allah and His Messen- ger, Those who oppose Allah and His Messenger will, surely, be abased even as those before them were abased; and We have already sent down clear Signs.58:6

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~ 4 ~ So Allah made them taste humiliation in the present life and the punishment of the Hereafter will certainly be greater, if they but knew.39:27 ‘Abd: See Servant: Slavery : ‘Abdull a h ibn ’Ubayy: And never pray thou for any of them that dies, nor stand by his grave; for they disbelieved in Allah and His Messenger and died while they were dis-obedi- ent.9:84 boastful- ness of ¬ , They say, 'If we return to Medina, the one most ex- alted will, surely, drive out therefrom the one most mean, while true honour belongs to Allah and to His Messenger and the believ- ers; but the Hypocrites know not.63:9

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~ 5 ~ Abel: ( H a b i l ) & Cain And relate to them with truth the story of the two sons of Adam, when they each of- fered an offering and it was accepted from one of them and was not accepted from the other.The latter said, 'I will surely kill thee.' The for- mer replied, 'Allah accepts only from the righteous;' 'If thou stretch out thy hand against me to kill me, I shall not stretch out my hand against thee to kill thee.I do fear Allah, the Lord of the Universe;' 'I wish that thou shouldst bear the punishment of the sin against me as well as of thine own sin, and thus be among the inmates of the Fire, and that is the re-compense of those who do wrong.’ But his evil self-induced him to kill his brother, so he killed him and became one of the losers.Then Allah sent a raven which scratched in the ground, that He might show him how to hide the corpse of his brother.He said, 'Woe is me! Am I not able to be even like this raven so that I may hide the corpse of my brother?' And then he became remorseful.5:28-32

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~ 6 ~ Abide: Baq a , Allah will ¬ forever, All that is on earth will pass away; 55:27 And there will abide for- ever only the Person of thy Lord, … 55:28 in Heaven, But they who believe and do good works-those are the dwellers of Heaven; therein shall they abide.2:83 in Hell, But they who will disbe- lieve and treat Our Signs as lies, these shall be the in- mates of the Fire; herein shall they abide.2:40 in Hell for killing a be- liever, And whoso slays a believer intentionally; his reward shall be Hell wherein he shall abide.And Allah shall be wroth with him and shall curse him and shall prepare for him a great punishment.4:94 Ablution: O ye who believe! when you stand up for Prayer, wash your faces, and your hands up to the elbows, and pass your wet hands over your heads, and wash your feet to the ankles.And if you be unclean, purify yourselves by bathing.And if you are ill or you are on a journey while unclean, or one of you comes from the privy or you have touched women, and you find not

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~ 7 ~ water, betake yourselves to pure dust and wipe there- with your faces and your hands… 5:7 Abomin- ation: indecency, wickedness, Rijs , O ye who believe! wine and the game of chance and idols and divining arrows are only an abomination of Satan's handiwork.So shun each one of them that you may prosper.5:91 And eat not of that on which the name of Allah has not been pronounced, for surely that is abomin- ation… 6:122 And We sent Lot, when he said to his people, 'Do you commit an abomination such as no one in the world ever did before you?' 7:81 'Y ou approach men with lust instead of women.Nay, you are a people who -ex- ceed all bounds.' 7:82 And go not nigh unto adul- tery, surely, it is a manifest indecency and an evil way.17:33 And uncleanliness do thou shun, 74:6 Abortion : birth control, And slay not your children for fear of poverty.It is We Who provide for them and for you.Surely, the slaying of them is a grievous sin.17:32

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~ 8 ~ Abraha: destruction of ¬ , Knowest thou not how thy Lord dealt with the Owners of the Elephant? 105:2 Abraham: Ibr a h i m as an elect and a man of power and vision, And remember Our serv- ants Abraham and Isaac and Jacob, men of might and vision.38:46 And truly, they are in Our sight among the elect and the best.38:48 argues with his people, And when the night dark- ened upon him, he saw a star.He said, 'Can this be my Lord?' But when it set, he said, 'I like not those that set.' 6:77 And when he saw the moon rise with spreading light, he said, 'Can this be my Lord?' But when it set, he said, 'If my Lord guide me not, I shall surely be of the peo- ple who go astray.' 6:78 And when he saw the sun rise with spreading light, he said, 'Can this be my Lord? This is the greatest.' But when it also set, he said, 'O my people! surely I am quit of that which you associate with God; 6:79 breaks idols, So he broke them into pieces, all except the chief of them, that they might re- turn to it.21:59

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~ 9 ~ challenges Nimrod to bring sun from West, Hast thou not heard of him who disputed with Abraham about his Lord, because Al- lah had given him king- dom? When Abraham said, ' My Lord is He Who gives life and causes death,' he said, 'I also give life and cause death.' Abraham said, 'Well, Allah brings the sun from the East; bring it thou from the West.' Thereupon the infidel was con- founded… 2:259 cooling of fire for ¬ , They said, 'Burn him and help your gods if at all you mean to do something.' 21:69 We said, 'O fire, be thou a means of coolness and safety for Abraham!' 21:70 Comman- ded to proclaim Pilgrimage, 'And proclaim unto men the Pilgrimage.They will come to thee on foot, and on every lean camel, coming by every distant, deep track, 22:28 contempt of ¬ for Satan, 'O my father, worship not Satan; surely Satan is a rebel against the Gracious God; 19:45 Dissociates from enemies of Allah, And Abraham's asking for- giveness for his father was only because of a promise he had made to him, but when it became clear to him that he was an enemy of Allah, he dissociated himself from him… 9:114

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~ 10 ~ dreams of sacrificing Ishmael ( Isma‘ i l as ), And when he was old enough to run along with him, he said, 'O my dear son, I have seen in a dream that I offer thee in sacrifice.So consider what thou thinkest of it !'… 37:103 enjoins his progeny complete submission The same did Abraham en- join upon his sons, and Ja- cob also –saying, 'O my sons, truly Allah has chosen this religion for you; so let not death over- take you except when you are in a state of complete submission.' 2:133 enjoined to clean and purify the House, And call to mind when We assigned to Abraham the site of the House and said, 'Associate not anything with Me and keep My house clean for those who perform the circuits, and those who stand up and those who bow and pros- trate themselves in Prayer; 22:27 ever inclined to Allah, H an i f , …Say, 'Nay, but follow ye the religion of Abraham who was ever inclined to Allah; he was not of those who associate gods with Allah.' 2:136 Abraham was indeed a paragon of virtue, obedient to Allah, ever inclined to Him, and he was not of those who set up equals to Allah; 16:121

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~ 11 ~ Exaltation of the progeny of ¬ , Allah chose Adam and Noah and the family of Abraham and the family of ‘Imr a n above all peoples of the time.3:34 falsity of gods and beliefs of ¬ people, When he said to his father and to his people, 'What is it that you worship? 37:86 'A lie —false gods beside Allah do you desire? 37:87 firm believer in Divine Unity, And call to mind when Abraham said to his father and his people, 'I do, in- deed, disown what you worship, 43:27 ' Except Him Who created me, and He will, surely, guide me.' 43:28 And He left this as a per- manent legacy among his posterity, that they might turn to God.43:29 friend of Allah, And who is better in faith than he who submits him- self entirely to Allah, and he is a doer of good and follows the religion of Abraham, the upright? And Allah took Abraham for a special friend.4:126 fulfilled Di- vine com- mandments And of Abraham who ful- filled the Divine commandments? 53:38 glad tidings of birth of sons, Isaac ( Is ha q as ), A nd he prayed, 'My Lord, grant me a righteous son.' 37:101 So We gave him the glad tidings of a forbearing son.37:102

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~ 12 ~ Jacob ( Ya‘q u b as ) And his wife was standing by and she too was fright- ened, whereupon to assure her We gave her glad tidings of the birth of Isaac, and, after Isaac, of Jacob.11:72 good name of ¬ , And We left for him a good name among the succeed- ing generations.37:109 guided by and chosen of Allah, Ever grateful for His favours; He chose him and guided him to a straight path.16:122 made an Im a m, And remember when his Lord tried Abraham with certain commandments which he fulfilled, He said, ' I will make thee a leader of men.'…..2:125 Maq a me ¬ , And remember the time when We made the House a resort for mankind and a place of security; We said, 'Take ye the station of Abraham as a place of Prayer.'...2:126 neither a Jew nor a Christian, Abraham was neither a Jew nor a Christian, but he was ever inclined to God and obedient to Him, and he was not of those who associate gods with Allah.3:68 pleads for Lot’s (L u t as ) people, And when fear departed from Abraham and the glad tidings came to him, he began to plead with Us for the people of Lot.11:75

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~ 13 ~ prayed for his father’s forgiveness, And Abraham's asking for- giveness for his father was only because of a promise he had made to him, but when it became clear to him that he was an enemy of Allah, he dissociated himself from him….9:114 prayers for offspring, 'Our Lord, make both of us submissive to Thee and make of our offspring a people submissive to Thee.And show us our ways of worship and turn to us with mercy; for Thou art Oft-Re- turning with compassion, and art Merciful; 2:129 prays for peace in Mecca, And call to mind when Abraham said, 'My Lord, make this city a city of peace,...14:36 prayers of ¬ , 'My Lord, bestow wisdom on me and join me with the righteous; 26:84 'And grant me true and lasting reputation among posterity; 26:85 ' And make me one of the heirs of the Garden of Bliss; 26:86 ' And forgive my father, for he is of the erring ones; 26:87 'And disgrace me not on the day when they will be raised up, 26:88

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~ 14 ~ 'And, Our Lord, raise up among them a Messenger from among themselves, who may recite to them Thy Signs and teach them the Book and Wisdom and may purify them; surely, Thou art the Mighty, the Wise.' 2:130 'My Lord, make me con- stant in observing Prayer, and my children too.Our Lord! Bestow Thy grace on me and accept my prayer, 'Our Lord, forgive me and my parents and the believers on the day when the reckoning will take place.' 14:41-42 …'Our Lord, in Thee do we put our trust and to Thee do we turn in repentance, and towards Thee is the final return; 60:5 'Our Lord, make us not a trial for those who disbe- lieve, and forgive us, our Lord; for, Thou alone art the Mighty, the Wise.' 60:6 prays for Messenger among them, 'And, Our Lord, raise up among them a Messenger from among themselves, who may recite to them Thy Signs and teach them the Book and Wisdom and may purify them; 2:130

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~ 15 ~ progeny bestowed with Book, wisdom, Surely, We gave to the chil- dren of Abraham the Book and wisdom and We gave them a great kingdom.4:55 Prophet- hood among descendants of ¬ , And indeed We sent Noah and Abraham, and We placed among their seed Prophethood and the Book.57:27 rebuilds Ka‘bah with Ishmael, And remember the time when Abraham and Ishmael raised the foundations of the House, praying , 'Our Lord, accept this from us; 2:128 rejects heav- enly bodies as gods, ….'O my people! surely I am quit of that which you associate with God; 6:79 religion of ¬ , And who will turn away from the religion of Abraham but he who makes a fool of himself.Him did We choose in this world, and in the next he will surely be among the righteous.When his Lord said to him, 'Submit,' he said, I have al- ready submitted to the Lord of the worlds.' The same did Abraham en- join upon his sons, - and Ja- cob also - saying, 'O my sons, truly Allah has chosen this religion for you; so let not death overtake you ex- cept when you are in a state of complete submission.2:131-133

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~ 16 ~ shamed and rebuked his people, He replied, 'Well, someone has surely done this.Here is the chief of them.So ask them if they can speak.' Then they turned towards one another and said, 'You yourselves are surely in the wrong.' A nd they were made to hang down their heads for shame and said to Abra- ham, 'Certainly thou know- est well that these do not speak.' 21:64-66 shown Kingdom of heaven & earth, And thus did We show Abraham the Kingdom of the heavens and the earth that he should have full knowledge and that he might be of those who pos- sess certainty of faith.6:76 settles Ishmael, Hager near the Sacred House, 'Our Lord, I have settled some of my progeny in an uncultivable valley near Thy Sacred House—Our Lord—that they may ob- serve Prayer.So make men's hearts incline to- wards them and provide them with fruits that they may be thankful, 14:38 truthful man and a Prophet, He was a truthful man and a Prophet.19:42 Abrogation : Naskh , of scrip- tures, Whatever message We ab- rogate or cause to be for- gotten, We bring one better

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~ 17 ~ than that or the like thereof….2:107 'And recite what has been revealed to thee of the Book of thy Lord.There is none who can change His words, and thou wilt find no refuge beside Him.18:28 message is by Divine co- mand And it is not possible for a Messenger to bring a Sign save by the command of Allah.13:39 Abstin- ence: It is made lawful for you to go in unto your wives on the night of the fast….…So you may now go in unto them and seek what Allah has ordained for you; and eat and drink until the white thread becomes dis- tinct to you from the black thread of the dawn.Then complete the fast till night- fall and do not go in unto them while you remain in the mosques for devotion… 2:188 Say, ' It is a harmful thing, so keep away from women during menstruation, and go not in unto them until they are clean… 2:223 For those who vow absti- nence from their wives, the maximum period of waiting is four months;… 2:227 See also Celibacy: Monas- ticism:

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~ 18 ~ Ab u Bakr ra : spiritual eminence of ¬ , If you help him not, then know that Allah helped him even when the disbelievers drove him forth while he was one of the two, when they were both in the Cave, when he said to his Compan- ion, 'Grieve not, for Allah is with us…' 9:40 Ab u Lahab: ‘ Abdul- ‘ Uzz a , Perish the two hands of Ab u Lahab, and perish he! His wealth and what he has earned shall avail him naught.Soon shall he burn in a flaming fire.And his wife, too, b earer of slander, Round her neck shall be a halter of twisted palm-fibre.111:2-6 Abyssinia: Naj a sh i moved to tears, And when they hear what has been revealed to this Messenger, thou seest their eyes overflow with tears, because of the truth which they have recognized… 5:84 Actions: A ‘ m a l , Allah aware of your ¬ …He knows you well from the time when He created you from the earth, and when you were embryos in the bellies of your mothers… 53:33 Allah forgives , Those who shun the grave sins and all indecencies ex- cept minor faults.Verily,

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~ 19 ~ thy Lord is Master of vast forgiveness… 53:33 appear beautiful, A s to those who believe not in the Hereafter, We have made their deeds appear beautiful to them, so they wander blindly.27:5 are a trial, For each of you We pre- scribed a clear spiritual Law and a manifest way in secular matters.And if Allah had en- forced His Will, He would have made you all one peo- ple, but He wishes to try you by that which He has given you.Vie, then, with one an- other in doing good works… 5:49 each respon- sible for his own ¬ , Whoso does good, does it for his own soul; and whoso does wrong, does so to its detriment… 45:16 evil ¬ requited in equal measure, Whoso does a good deed shall have ten times as much; but he who does an evil deed, shall be requited only with the like of it; and they shall not be wronged.6:161

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~ 20 ~ evil ¬ forbidden, Say, 'Come, I will recite to you what your Lord has forbidden, that you associ- ate not anything as partner with Him; and that you do good to parents, and that you slay not your children for fear of poverty-it is We Who provide for you and for them-and that you ap- proach not foul deeds, whether open or secret; and that you slay not the soul the slaying of which Allah has forbidden, save in ac- cordance with the demands of justice.That is what He has enjoined upon you, that you may understand.6:152 fully recorded, Not an atom's weight in the heavens or in the earth or anything less than that or greater escapes Him, but all is recorded in a perspic- uous Book, 34:4 good ¬ rewarded manifold, Surely, Allah wrongs not any one even so much as the weight of an atom.And if there be a good deed, He multiplies it and gives from Himself a great reward.4:41 in vain who reject faith, And whoever rejects the faith, his work indeed is vain, and in the Hereafter he will be among the losers.5:6

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~ 21 ~ prayers re- strain one from evil ¬ , Recite that which has been revealed to thee of the Book, and observe Prayer.Surely, Prayer restrains one from indecency and mani- fest evil; and remembrance of Allah, indeed, is the greatest virtue.And Allah knows what you do.29:46 punishment for evil ¬ And as for those who do evil deeds, the punishment of an evil shall be the like thereof, and ignominy shall cover them.They shall have none to protect them from Allah.And they shall look as if their faces had been covered with dark patches of night.It is these who are the inmates of Fire; therein shall they abide.10:28 rewarded, And those who believe and do good works, We shall make them enter Gardens through which streams flow, to abide therein for ever; therein shall they have pure spouses, and We shall admit them to a place of plenteous shade.4:58 Accounta- bility: H is a b, Mak a f a t-e- ‘ Amal , …but He will call you to account for what your hearts have earned.2:226

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~ 22 ~ Allah calls to account, On the Day when Allah will raise them all together.And He will inform them of what they did.Allah has kept account of it, while they have forgotten it… 58:7 Allah calls Messengers to account, And We will certainly question those to whom the Messengers were sent and We will certainly question the Messengers.7:7 Allah swift in ¬ , This will be so that Allah may requite each soul for what it has wrought.Surely, Allah is Swift at reckoning.14:52 … And whoso denies the Signs of Allah, then surely, Allah is Quick at reckon- ing.3:20 everyone responsible for his own actions, Thou art not at all account- able for them nor are they at all accountable for thee.So if thou shouldst drive them away thou wilt be of the unjust.6:53 ‘ A d: people of, accused Prophets of falsehood, And if they accuse thee of falsehood, even so, before them, the people of Noah and the tribes of ‘ A d and Tham u d also accused their Prophets of falsehood; 22:43 And so did the people of Abraham and the people of Lot; 22:44

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~ 23 ~ And the inhabitants of Midian.And Moses too was accused of falsehood.But I gave respite to the disbelievers; then I seized them, and how terrible were the consequences of denying Me! 22:45 advanced and prosperous nation, ' Do you build monuments on every high place, seek- ing vain glory? 26:129 ' And do you erect palaces as if you will live forever? 26:130 asked to seek forgiveness, pray for rain, ' And O my people, ask for- giveness of your Lord, then turn to Him, He will send over you clouds pouring down abundant rain, and will add strength to your strength.And turn not away f rom Him, being sinners.' 11:53 destruction evident from their dwellings, And We destroyed ‘ A d and Tham u d; and it is evident to you from their dwelling places….29:39 destroyed for denial of signs, arrogance, But if they turn away, then say, 'I warn you of a de- structive punishment like the punishment which over- took ‘Ad and Tham u d.' 41:14 destroyed for rejecting truth, The tribe of ‘ A d rejected the Truth.How terrible, then, was My punishment and how true My warning! 54:19

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~ 24 ~ Destroyed, by fierce howling wind, And as for ‘ A d, they were destroyed by a fierce howl- ing wind, 69:7 Which God caused to blow against them for seven nights and eight days con- tinuously, so that thou mightest have seen the peo- ple therein lying prostrate, as though they were trunks of palm trees fallen down.69:8 endowed with great physical strength, And remember the time when He made you heirs to His favours after the people of Noah and increasingly endowed you with great physical strength.7:70 H u d as sent to ¬ , And !unto ‘ A d We sent their brother H u d.7:66 H u d as , believers saved, And We saved him and those who were with him by Our mercy….7:73 rejected Messengers, Before them too the people of Noah, and the tribe of ‘ A d and Pharaoh, the Lord of stakes, rejected the Mes- sengers as liars; 38:13 Adam: abode on earth, …And for you there is an abode on the earth and a provision for a time.' 7:25 Allah turned to him with mercy, Then his Lord chose him f or His grace , and turned to him with mercy and guided him.20:123 angels submit to ¬ , A nd remember the time when We said to the angels, 'Submit to Adam,' and they

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~ 25 ~ all submitted.But Ibl i s did not… 2:35 beguiled by Satan, But Satan caused them both to slip by means of it and drove them out of the state in which they were….2:37 chosen above all peoples, Allah chose Adam and Noah and the family of Abraham and the family of ‘Imr a n above all peoples of the time.3:34 Commanded to follow guidance, …And if there comes to you guidance from Me, then whoso will follow My guidance, will not go astray, nor will he come to grief; 20:124 creation of ¬ , Surely, the case of Jesus with Allah is like the case of Adam.He created him out of dust, then He said to him, 'Be,' and he was.3:60 created to manifest Allah’s attributes, God said, 'O Ibl i s, what hindered thee from submit- ting to what I had created with My two hands? Is it that thou art too proud, or art thou really above obey- ing my command? 38:76 commanded to dwell in the garden but not ap- proach the tree, And We said, 'O Adam, dwell thou and thy wife in the garden, and eat there- from plentifully wherever you will, but approach not this tree, lest you be of the wrongdoers.' 2:36

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~ 26 ~ Ibl i s refused to submit to ¬ , And We indeed created you and then We gave you shape; then said We to the angels, 'Submit to Adam;’ and they all submitted.But Ibl i s did not; he will not be of those who submit.7:12 Jannah of ¬ , Then We said, 'O Adam, this is an enemy to thee and to thy wife; so let him not drive you both out of the garden, lest thou come to grief; 20:118 lapse only an error of judgment, And verily, We had made a covenant with Adam be- forehand, but he forgot, and We found in him no resolve to disobey Us.20:116 promise of new social order, 'It is decreed for thee that thou shalt not hunger therein nor shalt thou be naked; 20:119 'And that thou shalt not thirst therein, nor shalt thou be exposed to the sun.' 20:120 repented, They said, 'Our Lord, we have wronged ourselves and if Thou forgive us not and have not mercy on us, we shall surely be of the losers.' 7:24 sons of ¬ , See Abel: taught prayer, names, And He taught Adam all the names,… 2:32 He said, 'O Adam, tell them their names;' and when he

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~ 27 ~ had told them their names,….2:34 Then Adam learnt from his Lord certain words of prayer....2:38 vicegerent on earth, Khalifah , first Prophet, And when thy Lord said to the angels, 'I am about to place a vicegerent in the earth,' they said, 'Wilt Thou place therein such as will cause disorder in it, and shed blood?....2:31 ‘Adh a b: See Calamities: ‘Adl: See also Justice: Administra- tion: Verily, Allah commands you to give over the trusts to those entitled to them, and that, when you judge between men, you judge with justice.And surely ex- cellent is that with which Allah admonishes you.Allah is All-Hearing, All- Seeing.4:59 O ye who believe! Obey Allah, and obey His Mes- senger and those who are in authority among you.And if you differ in anything re- fer it to Allah and His Mes- senger, if you are believers in Allah and the Last Day.That is best and most commendable in the end.4:60

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~ 28 ~ And if two parties of be- lievers fight each other, make peace between them; then if after that one of them transgresses against the other, fight the party that transgresses until it returns to the command of Allah.Then if it returns, make peace between them with equity, and act justly… 49:10 Adoption: Ad‘iy a ’, …nor has He made those whom you adopt as sons, your sons in fact.These are merely the words of your mouths;… 33:5 Adoration: Praise, Exalt, Pray, Glorify:…, …and glorify thy Lord with His praise before the rising of the sun and before its setting; and glorify Him in the hours of the night and all parts of the day, that thou mayest find true happiness.20:131 Glory be to Allah, Those who remember Allah standing, sitting, and lying on their sides, and ponder over the creation of the heavens and the earth; and say, "Our Lord, Thou hast not created this universe in vain.Holy art Thou; save us, then, from the punish- ment of the Fire; 3:192 Adornment: Z i nah , O children of Adam! take your adornment at every time and place of worship,… 7:32

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~ 29 ~ Say, 'Who has forbidden the adornment of Allah which He has produced for His servants and the good things of His providing ? ' Say, 'They are for the believers in the present life and will be exclusively for them on the Day of Resurrection.'… 7:33 sent down raiment for your ¬, O children of Adam, We have indeed sent down to you raiment to cover your naked-ness and to be a means of adornment; but the raiment of righteous- ness – that is the best.7:27 of heavens, And We have, indeed, made mansions of stars in the heaven and have adorned it for beholders.15:17 … They will be adorned therein with bracelets of gold and with pearls; and their raiment therein will be of silk.22:24 … And We adorned the lowest heaven with lamps f or light and provided it with the means of protec- tion….41:13 of this world, And whatever of anything you are given is only a tem- porary enjoyment of the present life and an adorn- ment thereof; and that which is with Allah is bet- ter and more lasting.28:61

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~ 30 ~ And He has created horses and mules and asses that you may ride them, and as a source of beauty… 16:9 Verily, We have made all that is on the earth an orna- ment for it, that We may try them as to which of them is best in conduct.18:8 … and that they display not their beauty or their embel- lishment except that which is apparent thereof, and that they draw their head-cover- ings over their bosoms, and that they display not their beauty or their embellish- ment save to their husbands or to...24:32 And stay in your house with dignity, and display not your beauty like the displaying of the former days of ignorance, … 33:34 Know that the life of this world is only a sport and a pastime, and an adornment, … 57:21 Adultery: Indecency, Zin a , evidence of ¬, Why did not those, who gave currency to this charge, bring four wit- nesses to prove it? Since they have not brought the required witnesses, they are

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~ 31 ~ indeed liars in the sight of Allah.24:14 And those who calumniate chaste women but bring not four witnesses-flog them with eighty stripes, and do not admit their evidence ever after, … 24:5 forbidden, And go not nigh unto adul- tery, surely, it is a manifest indecency and an evil way.17:33 That indeed is forbidden to the believers.24:4 punishment for ¬ The adulteress and the adulterer-flog each one of them with a hundred stripes….24:3 …And if, after they are married, they are guilty of lewdness, they shall have half the punishment pre- scribed for free married women….4:26 prayer restrains one from ¬, Surely, Prayer restrains one from indecency and mani- fest evil; and remembrance of Allah, indeed, is the greatest virtue ….29:46 Adversity: And never did We send a Prophet to any town but We did seize its people with adversity and suffer- ing, that they might humble themselves.7:95 Affection: And He has put affection between their hearts.If thou hadst expended all that is in the earth, thou couldst

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~ 32 ~ not have put affection be- tween their hearts, but Allah has put affection between them… 8:64 Affliction : Bal a ’, And if Allah touch thee with affliction, there is none to remove it but He; and if He touch thee with happiness, then He has power to do all that He wills.6:18 … when affliction befalls you, it is unto Him that you cry for help; 16:54 then, when He removes the affliction from you, behold! a party among you begins to ascribe associates to their Lord,… 16:55 And when an affliction be- falls man, he calls upon his Lord, turning penitently to Him.Then, when He con- fers upon him a favour from Himself, he forgets what he used to pray for be- fore, and starts assigning ri- vals to Allah, that he may lead people astray from His way… 39:9 And if We make him taste of mercy from Us after some affliction that has befallen him, he is sure to say, 'This is but my due and I do not think the Hour will ever come… 41:51

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~ 33 ~ Afterlife: A khirah , arguments for ¬, And the life of this world is nothing but a pastime and a sport, and the Home of the Hereafter—that indeed is Life, if they but knew! 29:65 What! Did you then think that We had created you without purpose, and that you would not be brought back to Us? 23:116 believers faith in ¬, And who believe in that which has been revealed to thee and that which was re- vealed before thee and they have firm faith in the Here- after.2:5 believers re- ward in ¬ And whoever desires the reward of the present world, We will give him thereof; and whoever desires the reward of the Hereafter, We will give him thereof; and We will surely reward the grateful.3:146 And surely the reward of the Hereafter is better for those who believe and fear God.12:58 'But if you desire Allah and His Messenger and the Home of the Hereafter, then, truly, Allah has pre- pared for those of you, who do good, a great reward.' 33:30

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~ 34 ~ believers who strive for ¬, rewarded, And whoso desires the Hereafter and strives for as it should be striven for and is a believer—these are the ones whose striving shall be duly appreciated.17:20 certainty of ¬, He will surely raise them up that He may make clear to them that wherein they differed, and that those who disbelieved may realize that they were liars.16:40 Then on the Day of Resur- rection you shall, surely, be raised up.23:17 comparison of present life with ¬, Fair-seeming to men is made the love of desired things-women and children, and stored-up heaps of gold and silver, and horses of mark and cattle and crops.That is the provision of the present life; but it is Allah with Whom is an excellent home.3:15 Say, 'Shall I inform you of something better than that?' For those who fear God, there are gardens with their Lord, beneath which streams flow; therein shall they abide; and pure mates and Allah's pleasure… 3:16 every deed will be judged in ¬, Beware of the Day when every soul shall find itself confronted with all the good it has done and all the evil it has done.It will wish there

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~ 35 ~ were a great distance be- tween it and that evil.And Allah cautions you against His punishment 3:31 greetings of peace in ¬, Their prayer therein shall be, 'Glory be to Thee, O Allah!' and their greeting therein to each other shall be, 'Peace!'….10:11 human knowledge cannot compre- hend ¬ Nay, their knowledge re- specting the Here-after has reached its limit, rather they are in doubt about it; rather they are blind to it.27:67 Jesus (‘ I s a as ) honoured in ¬ …his name shall be the Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary, honoured in this world and in the next, and of those who are granted nearness to God ; 3:46 no soul will avail of another in ¬, And guard yourselves against the day when no soul shall serve as a substi- tute for another soul at all, nor shall intercession be ac- cepted for it, nor shall ran- som be taken from it, nor shall they be helped.2:49 no soul shall be wronged in ¬, How will it be with them when We will gather them together on the Day about which there is no doubt; and when every soul shall be paid in full what it has earned, and they shall not be wronged? 3:26

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~ 36 ~ one’s deeds will be brought out in ¬, And every man's works have We fastened to his neck; and on the Day of Resurrection We shall bring out for him a book which he will find wide open.17:14 It will be said to him ! 'Read thy book.Sufficient is thy own soul as reckoner against thee this day.' 17:15 prayer for ¬, …'Our Lord, grant us good in this world as well as good in the world to come, and save us from the torment of the Fire.' 2:202 punishment in ¬, Then on the Day of Resur- rection He will humiliate them and will say, 'Where are My partners for whose sake you used to oppose My Prophets?' Those en- dowed with knowledge will say, 'This day humiliation and affliction will surely befall the disbelievers.' 16:28 rewards of righteous shall not perish in ¬, And as for those who hold fast by the Book and ob- serve Prayer, surely We suffer not the reward of the righteous to perish.7:171 spiritually blind will not benefit in ¬, But whoso is blind in this world shall be blind in the Hereafter, and even more astray from the way.17:73

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~ 37 ~ Age of Igno- rance: See J a hiliyyah: Agree- ments: ‘ Ahad , And fulfil the covenant of Allah when you have made one, and break not your oaths after making them firm, while you have made Allah your surety.16:92 A s for those who take a pal- try price in exchange for their covenant with Allah and their oaths, they shall have no portion in the life to come, and Allah will nei- ther speak to them nor look upon them on the Day of Resurrection, nor will He purify them; and for them shall be a grievous punish- ment.3:78 …So whoever breaks his oath, breaks it to his own loss; and whoever fulfils the covenant that he has made with Allah, He will, surely, give him a great re- ward.48:11 See also Covenant: Oath: Bai‘at: may be repudiated, And if thou fearest treach- ery from a people, throw back to them their covenant with equity.Surely, Allah loves not the treacherous.8:59

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~ 38 ~ Agriculture: Allah sends down water for ¬, And He it is Who sends down water from the cloud; and We bring forth therewith every kind of growth; then We bring forth with that green foliage wherefrom We produce clustered grain.And from the date-palm, out of its sheaths come forth bunches hanging low.And We pro- duce therewith gardens of grapes, and the olive and the pomegranate—like and un- like.Look at the fruit thereof when it bears fruit, and the ripening thereof… 6:100 Divine nourishment for spiritual growth, And in the earth are diverse tracts, adjoining one an- other, and gardens of vines, and corn-fields, and date- palms, growing together from one root and others not so growing; they are all watered with the same wa- ter, yet We make some of them excel others in fruit.Therein are Signs for a peo- ple who use their under- standing 13:5.harvest of the Hereafter, Whoso desires the harvest of the Hereafter, We give him increase in his harvest; and whoso desires the har- vest of this world, We give him his portion thereof, but in the Hereafter he will have no share.42:21

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~ 39 ~ Joseph’s (Y u suf as ) dream, Joseph replied, 'You shall sow for seven years, work- ing diligently throughout; then leave, what you reap in its ear, except a little which you shall eat; 12:48 'Then there shall come after that seven hard years, which shall consume all that you shall have laid by in advance for them except a little which you may preserve; 12:49 'Then there shall come after that a year in which people shall be relieved and in which they shall give pre- sents to each other.12:50 Ahlul-Bait: people of the household, Surely, Allah desires to re- move from you all unclean- ness, O Members of the Household, and purify you completely.33:34 And Noah cried unto his Lord and said, 'My Lord, verily, my son is of my family, and surely Thy promise is true ….11:46 A llah said, 'O Noah, he is surely not of thy family; he is indeed a man of unright- eous conduct… 11:47 Ahludh- Dhikr: And We sent none as Mes- sengers before thee but men to whom We sent rev- elations.So ask the people of the Reminder, if you know not; 21:8 Ahlul-Kit a b: See People of the Book:

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~ 40 ~ Ahmad: the Promised Messiah as advent of ¬ , And He will raise him among others of them who have not yet joined them..62:4 And when the Messengers are made to appear at the appointed time— 77:12 as Khalifah, Allah has promised to those among you who believe and do good works that He will, surely, make them Successors in the earth, as He made Successors from among those who were before them; … 24:56 Holy Prophet sa , And giving glad tidings of a Messenger who will come after me, his name being Ahmad.61:7 truth of ¬ , S ad a qat, … I have indeed lived among you a whole lifetime before this.Will you not then understand?' 10:17 And if he had forged and attributed any sayings to Us, 69:45 We would, surely, have seized him by the right hand, 69:46 And then, surely, We would have cut his life- vein, 69:47 And who is more unjust than he who forges a lie against Allah or treats His Signs as lies? Surely, the

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~ 41 ~ unjust shall not prosper.6:22 He is the Knower of the un- seen; and He reveals not His secrets to anyone, 72:27 Except to a Messenger of His whom He chooses.And then He causes an escort of guarding angels to go before him and behind him, 72:28 A h q a f: sand-hills, And remember the brother of ‘ A d, when he warned his people among the sand- hills—and Warners there have been before him and after him— saying , 'Wor- ship none but Allah.I fear for you the punishment of a great day.' 46:22 Ahr a m: O ye who believe! kill not game while you are in a state of Pilgrimage… 5:96 ‘Ain: beautiful eyes, And We shall give them as companions fair maidens, having wide, beautiful eyes.52:21 eyes, Aye, you will, surely, see it with the eye of certainty Hereafter.102:8 springs, Therein is a running spring, 88:13 And We made the son of Mary and his mother a Sign, and gave them shelter on an elevated land of green valleys and springs

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~ 42 ~ of running water.23:51 See also Rabwah: Air: See Wind: ‘ A ’ishah: vindication of ¬, Were it not for the grace of Allah and His mercy upon you, in this world and the Hereafter, a great punish- ment would have befallen you on account of the slan- der you plunged in; 24:15 Ajal: Musamma , fixed, And no soul can die except by Allah's leave,—a decree with a fixed term… 3:146 He calls you that He may forgive you your sins and grant you respite till an appointed term.'… 14:11 A khirah: See Afterlife: Akmaltu: perfected, … and teach thee the in- terpretation of things Divine and perfect His favour upon thee… 12:7 …This day have I per- fected your religion for you and completed My fa- vour upon you and have chosen for you Islam as re- ligion… 5:4 ‘Alaq: See Clot: Alimony: Nafaqah , And for the divorced women also there should be a provision according to what is fair-an obligation on the God-fearing.2:242

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~ 43 ~ Al-Aq sa : Glory be to Him Who car- ried His servant by night from the Sacred Mosque to the Distant Mosque, the environs of which We have blessed, that We might show him some of Our Signs… 17:2 Alcohol: See Intoxicants: Wine: Allah: all good from ¬ , evil from thyself, Whatever of good comes to thee is from Allah; and whatever of evil befalls thee is from thyself.4:80 alone creates life, causes death, And verily, it is We Who give life, and We Who cause death; … 15:24 Allah alone is the Creator of all things, … 13:17 alone has knowledge, He knows all that is before them and all that is behind them, … 20:111 alone knows the unseen, Say, 'None in the heavens and the earth knows the un- seen save Allah;...27:66 …Say, 'The knowledge of the unseen belongs only to Allah….10:21 alone wor- thy of sincere obedience, Remember, it is to Allah alone that sincere obed- ience is due… 39:4 All are obedient to Him.30:27 answering of prayer by ¬ And when My servants ask thee about Me, say, 'I am near.I answer the prayer of the supplicant when he prays to Me.So they

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~ 44 ~ should hearken to Me and believe in Me, … 2:187 Verily, my Lord is nigh, and answers prayers.' 11:62 assembler of mankind, 'Our Lord, Thou wilt cer- tainly assemble mankind together on the Day about which there is no doubt; … 3:10 associating partners with ¬ , See Shirk: attributes of ¬ , Asm a ’ ul- H usn a See Attributes of Allah: bargaining with ¬ , Surely, Allah has purchased of the believers their per- sons and their property in return for the heavenly Garden they shall have; they fight in the cause of Allah, and they slay and are slain … 9:111 Let those then fight in the cause of Allah who would sell the present life for the Hereafter… 4:75 bartered signs of ¬..., A s for those who take a pal- try price in exchange for their covenant with Allah and their oaths, they shall have no portion in the life to come, and Allah will neither speak to them nor look upon them on the Day of Resurrection, nor will He purify them; and for them shall be a grievous punishment.3:78

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~ 45 ~ 'be', and it comes into being, He is the Originator of the heavens and the earth.When He decrees a thing, He only says to it, 'Be,' and it is.2:118 bestower of Divine help, To all We render aid-to those as well as to these—a gift from thy Lord.And the gift of thy Lord is not re- stricted.17:21 breaks not His promise, Allah has made this promise.Allah breaks not His promise, but most men know not.30:7 So be thou patient.Surely, the promise of Allah is bound to be fulfilled.And whether We show thee in this life part of what We have promised them or whether We cause thee to die before the fulfilment of Our promise, to Us will they be brought back.40:78 burdens not any soul, Allah burdens not any soul beyond that which He has bestowed upon it.Allah will soon bring about ease after hardship.65:8 calls to abode of peace, And Allah calls to the abode of peace, and guides whom He pleases to the straight path.10:26 call upon ¬ in fear and hope, … and call upon Him in fear and hope.Surely, the mercy of Allah is nigh unto those who do good.7:57

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~ 46 ~ can bring a new creation, Dost thou not see that Allah created the heavens and the earth in accordance with the requirements of wis- dom? if He please, He can do away with you, and bring a new creation.14:20 cannot be questioned about His actions, He cannot be questioned as to what He does, but they will be questioned.21:24 causes afflictions & bestows grace, And if Allah afflicts thee with harm, there is none who can remove it but He; and if He intends good for thee, there is none who can repel His grace.10:108 chooses His Messen- gers, Allah chooses His Messen- gers from among angels and from among men.22:76 … Allah chooses for Him- self whom He pleases, and guides to Himself him who turns to Him.' 42:14 closer than ones jugular vein, … and We are nearer to him than even his jugular vein.50:17 covenant of ¬ , And fulfil the covenant of Allah when you have made one, and break not your oaths after making them firm, while you have made Allah your surety.16:92 So whoever breaks his oath breaks it to his own loss; and whoever fulfills the covenant that he has made with Allah, He will, surely,

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~ 47 ~ give him a great reward.48:11 created all from water, …And we made of water every living thing.21:31 created heaven and earth with wisdom, And we have not created the heavens and the earth and all that is between the two but in accordance with the requirements of wisdom;… 15:86 created you in a state of weakness, Allah is He Who created you in a state of weakness, and after weakness gave y ou strength; then, after strength, caused weakness and old age….30:55 created you, It is Allah Who has created you, and then He has pro- vided for you; then He will cause you to die, and then He will bring you to life….30:41 He created you from a sin- gle being; then from that He made its mate; and He has sent down for you of the cattle eight pairs.He creates you in the wombs of your mothers, creation after creation, through three stages of darkness… 39:7 dead never sent back, Until, when death comes to one of them, he says en- treating repeatedly, 'My Lord, send me back, 23:100 'That I may do righteous deeds in the life that I have left behind.' That cannot be! It is only a word that he

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~ 48 ~ utters.And behind them is a barrier until the day when they shall be raised again.23:101 desires ease for you, … He has chosen you and has laid no hardship upon you in the matter of reli- gion; so follow the faith of your father Abraham; He has named you Muslims … 22:79 … So recite of it that which is easy for you,...73:21 despair not of mercy of ¬ , Say, 'O My servants who have sinned against their souls, despair not of the mercy of Allah, surely, Allah forgives all sins.39:54 … and despair not of the mercy of Allah; for none despairs of Allah's mercy save the disbelieving people.12:88 does not compel in matters of faith, There is no compulsion in religion.Surely, the right way has become distinct from error; … 2:257 And if thy Lord had en- forced His Will, surely, all who are in the earth would have believed together.Wilt thou, then, force men to be- come believers? 10:100 Whoso disbelieves in Allah after he has believed-save him who is forced to make a declaration of disbelief while his heart finds peace in faith—but such as open

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~ 49 ~ their breasts to disbelief, on them is Allah's wrath; and for them is decreed a se- vere punishment.16:107 And say, 'It is the truth from your Lord; wherefore let him who will, believe, and let him, who will, disbelieve.' 18:30 loves not, … surely, Allah loves not any arrogant boaster; 31:19 Allah loves not the trans- gressors.2:191 … Allah loves not disorder.2:206 And Allah loves not anyone who is a confirmed disbe- liever and an arch-sinner.2:277 … Verily, Allah loves not those who create mischief;' 28:78 Surely, Allah loves not one who is perfidious and a great sinner.4:108 He does not love those who are immoderate 7:32 Allah loves not the treach- erous.8:59 Surely, He loves not the proud.16:24 'Exult not, surely Allah loves not those who exult; 28:77 Surely, He loves not the wrongdoers.42:41

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~ 50 ~ does not need slum- ber, sleep, … Slumber seizes Him not, nor sleep… 2:256 dominion extends over everything, So Holy is He, in Whose hand is the dominion of all things… 36:84 Say, 'O Allah, Lord of sov- ereignty, Thou givest sov- ereignty to whomsoever Thou pleasest; and Thou takest away sovereignty from whomsoever Thou pleasest.Thou exaltest whomsoever Thou pleasest and Thou abasest whomso- ever Thou pleasest… 3:27 encom- passes the disbelievers, Nay , but those who disbe- lieve persist in rejecting the truth.And Allah encom- passes them f rom before them and from behind them.85:20-21 enjoins good, forbids evil, Do you enjoin others to do what is good and forget your own selves, while you read the Book? 2:45 And let there always be among you a body of men who should invite to good- ness, and enjoin virtue and forbid evil… 3:105 You are the best people, raised for the good of man- kind; you enjoin good and forbid evil, and believe in Allah...3:111

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~ 51 ~ enjoins prayer, zakat, charity, And observe Prayer and pay the Zakat; and what- ever good you send on be- fore you for yourselves, you shall find it with Allah; … 2:111 Surely, those, who believe and do good deeds, and ob- serve Prayer and pay the Zakat, shall have their re- ward from their Lord, and no fear shall come on them, nor shall they grieve.2:278 every soul shall taste death, Every soul shall taste of death; then to Us shall you all be brought back.29:58 Wheresoever you may be, death will overtake you, even if you be in strongly built towers… 4:79 everything submits to ¬ , Hast thou not seen that to Allah submits whosoever is in the heavens and whoso- ever is in the earth, and the sun, and the moon, and the stars, and the mountains, and the trees, and the beasts, and many of man- kind? … 22:19 exalts whomso- ever He pleases, Rafa‘,.Allah will raise those who believe from among you, and those whom knowledge is given, to degrees of rank … 58:12

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~ 52 ~ existence of ¬ , V erily, in the creation of the heavens and the earth and in the alternation of night and day, and in the ships which sail in the sea with that which profits men, and in the water which Allah sends down from the sky and quickens therewith the earth after its death and scatters therein all kinds of beasts, and in the change of the winds and the clouds pressed into service bet- ween the heaven and the earth are indeed Signs for the people who use their understanding.2:165 expands one’s bosom to accept guidance, So, whomsoever Allah in- tends to guide, He expands his bosom for the accept-ance of Islam; and whomsoever He intends that he should go astray, He makes his bosom narrow and close, as though he were mounting up into the skies.Thus does Allah inflict punishment on those who do not believe.6:126 eyes cannot reach Him, Eyes cannot reach Him but He reaches the eyes… 6:104 favours of ¬ , Which, then, of the favours of your Lord will ye twain deny? 55:17 And if you try to count the favours of Allah, you will not be able to number them… 16:19

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~ 53 ~ favour on Israelites, And call to mind when Mo- ses said to his people, 'Re- member Allah's favour upon you when He deliv- ered you from Pharaoh's people who afflicted you with grievous torment, slaying your sons and spar- ing your women; … 14:7 favour on Muslims, And remember Allah's fa- vour upon you and the cov- enant which He made with you, when you said, 'We hear and we obey.' … 5:8 favours those who are grateful, And when your Lord de- clared: 'If you are grateful, I will surely bestow more f avours on you; … 14:8 fear ¬ , … And fear Allah and know that Allah is with those who fear Him.2:195 follow nature made by ¬ , … And follow the nature made by Allah, the nature according to which He has fashioned mankind.There is no altering the creation of Allah….30:31 forbids unlawful slaying, … whosoever killed a per- son-unless it be for killing a person or for creating disor- der in the land-it shall be as if he had killed all mankind; … 5:33 And slay not the soul, the slaying of which Allah has forbidden, save for a just cause...17:34

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~ 54 ~ forgives whom He wills… , And to Allah belongs the Kingdom of the heavens and the earth.He forgives whom He pleases, and pun- ishes whom He pleases… 48:15 friend of believers, Allah is the Friend of those who believe; He brings them out of all kinds of darkness into light… 2:258 gracious to mankind, And, truly, thy Lord is gra- cious to mankind, but most of them are not grateful.27:74 guardian of the Holy Qur’ a n, Verily, it is We Who have sent down this Exhortation, and most surely We are its Guardian.15:10 guides towards the right path, Now has Allah, by His command, guided the be- lievers to the truth in regard to which they (the unbe- lievers) differed; and Allah guides whomsoever He pleases to the right path.2:214 It is not thy responsibility to make them follow the right path; but Allah guides whomsoever He pleases...2:273 He whom Allah guides is alone rightly guided; but he whom He leaves to go astray, for him thou wilt find no helper or guide …18:18

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~ 55 ~ hand of ¬ , Verily, those who swear al- legiance to thee, indeed, swear allegiance to Allah.The hand of Allah is over their hands.48:11 So you slew them not, but it was Allah Who slew them.And thou threwest not when thou didst throw, but it was Allah Who threw, 8:18 hold fast to ¬ for guidance, And hold fast, all together, to the rope of Allah and be not divided; and remember the favour of Allah which He bestowed upon you when you were enemies and He united your hearts in love so that by His grace you became as brothers; and you were on the brink of a pit of fire and He saved you from it… 3:104 has no partners, Say, 'O People of the Book! come to a word equal be- tween us and you-that we worship none but Allah, and that we associate no partner with Him, and that some of us take not others for Lords beside Allah.' … 3:65 has permit- ted trade, forbidden interest, Those who devour interest do not rise except as rises one whom Satan has smit- ten with insanity.That is because they say, 'Trade also is like interest;' whereas Allah has made

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~ 56 ~ trade lawful and has made interest unlawful… 2:276 hearts trem- ble when name of ¬ mentioned, They only are the true be- lievers whose hearts trem- ble when the name of Allah is mentioned, and when His Signs are recited to them they increase their faith, … 8:3 …The skins of those, who fear their Lord, do creep at its recital, then their skins and their hearts soften to the remembrance of Allah...39:24 has made them apes swine, beasts, And when they insolently rebelled against that which they had been forbidden, We said to them, ' Be ye apes despised.' 7:167 has no progeny, wife, It does not befit the majesty of Allah to take unto Him- self a son.Holy is He...19:36 'The truth is that—exalted be the majesty of our Lord—He has taken unto Himself neither wife nor son, 72:4 has the power to do as He wills, … surely, Allah has the power to do all that He wills.2:21 He will prevail, Allah has decreed: 'Most surely, I will prevail, I and My Messengers.'… 58:22 helps the believers, Most surely, We help Our Messengers and those who believe, both in the present life and on the day when

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~ 57 ~ the witnesses will stand forth, 40:52 holy and exalted, Holy is He and exalted far above what they attribute to Him, 6:101 h ud u dull a h , limits set by ¬ , These are the limits pre- scribed by Allah, so trans- gress them not; and whoso transgresses the limits pre- scribed by Allah, it is they that are the wrongdoers.2:230 if ¬ so willed, lau sh a ’all a h, … And if Allah had en- forced His Will, He would have made you all one peo- ple, but He wishes to try you by that which He has given you… 5:49 if you love ¬ , follow the Holy Prophet sa , Say, 'If you love Allah, fol- low me; then will Allah love you and forgive you your sins… 3:32 is light of heavens, earth, Allah is the Light of the heavens and the earth.His light is as if there were a lustrous niche, wherein is a lamp.The lamp is inside a glass-globe.The globe is, as it were, a glittering star.The lamp is lit from the oil of a blessed tree-an olive- neither of the East nor of the West, whose oil well- nigh would shine forth even though fire touched it not.Light upon light! Allah guides to His light whom- soever He pleases… 24:36

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~ 58 ~ is all-aware, knower, Verily, Allah is the Knower of the most hidden secrets, and is All-Aware; 31:17 is enemy of.'Whoever is an enemy to Allah, and His angels, and His Messengers, and Gabriel, and Michael, then, surely, Allah is an enemy to such disbelievers.' 2:99 is every- where, And He is Allah, the God, both in the heavens and in the earth… 6:4 And We are nearer to him than even his jugular vein… 50:17 To Allah belong the East and the West; so whitherso- ever you turn, there will be the face of Allah… 2:116 is not forgetful, My Lord neither errs nor forgets; 20:53 is not unjust, Allah is not at all unjust to His servants.3:183 is One, Say, 'He is Allah, the One! 112:2 is sufficient, Is not Allah sufficient for His servant? … 39:37 is well- pleased, Ra- di all a h, … Allah is well-pleased with them and they are well-pleased with Him, … 9:100 Knowledge encom- passes everything, And to Allah belongs all that is in the heavens and that is in the earth; and Allah en- compasses all things.4:127

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~ 59 ~ Knowledge of the hour, S a ‘ah, They ask thee about the Hour: 'When will it come to pass?' Say, 'The knowledge thereof is only with my Lord.None can manifest it at its time but He.It lies heavy on the heavens and the earth.It shall not come upon you but of a sudden.' They ask thee as if thou wert well-acquainted there- with.Say, 'The knowledge thereof is only with Allah; but most men do not know.' 7:188 knows what you hide or disclose, He knows whatever is in the heavens and the earth, and He knows what you hide and what you disclose; and Allah knows full well all that which is hidden in the breasts.64:5 loves those who..., … and do good; surely, Allah loves those who do good.2:196 made for you mates, He it is Who has created you from a single soul and made therefrom its mate, that he might find comfort in her… 7:190 manifold re- wards for spending in the way of ¬ , Surely, the men who give alms, and the women who give alms, and those who lend to Allah a goodly loan-it will be increased manifold for them, and theirs will also be a hon- ourable reward— 57:19

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~ 60 ~ meeting with ¬ , liq a ’ Those who disbelieve in the Signs of Allah and the meeting with Him—It is they who despair of My mercy… 29:24 mercy of ¬ for those who repent, But those who do evil deeds and repent after that and believe, surely thy Lord is after that Most For- giving, Merciful.7:154 most honoured with ¬ … Verily, the most honour- able among you, in the sight of Allah, is he who is the most righteous among you… 49:14 never de- stroys with- out sending Warner, And never did We destroy any township but it had its Warners.26:209 never enjoins indecencies, Verily, Allah enjoins jus- tice, and the doing of good to others; and giving like kindred; and forbids inde- cency and manifest evil and transgression.16:91 never find change in ¬’s ways, Such has been the way of Allah with those who passed away before, and never thou wilt find a change in the way of Allah.33:63 intercessors, gods, besides ¬ have no power, … surely, those on whom you call upon instead of Al- lah cannot create even a fly, though they should all com- bine together for the pur- pose.And if the fly should snatch away anything from them, they cannot recover it

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~ 61 ~ therefrom.Weak, indeed, are both the seeker and the sought.22:74 And those on whom they call beside Him possess no power of intercession but only he may intercede who bears witness to the truth, and they know this well.43:87 no god but He, l a il a h a illal- l a h, And your God is One God; there is no god but He, the Gracious, the Merciful.2:164 none can change word of ¬ , And the word of thy Lord has been fulfilled in truth and justice.None can change His words, 6:116 none to be worshipped except ¬ , … He has commanded that you shall not worship any- thing, save Him.That is the right religion, but most men know not; 12:41 not wearied by the care of Heavens and earth, And, verily, We created the heavens and the earth and all that is between them in six periods and no weari- ness touched Us.50:39 obey ¬ and His Messenger, Say, 'Obey Allah and His Messenger;' but if they turn away, then remember that Allah loves not the disbelievers.3:33 parables of ¬ , If We had sent down this Qur' a n on a mountain, thou wouldst, certainly, have seen it humbled and rent asunder for fear of Allah.

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~ 62 ~ And these are similitudes that We set forth for mankind that they may reflect.59:22 perfection in ¬’s creation, Who created thee, then per- fected thee, then propor- tioned thee aright? 82:8 He has raised the height thereof and has made it perfect.79:29 prayer, sacrifice, life & death for ¬ only, Say, 'My Prayer and my sacrifice and my life and my death are all for Allah, the Lord of the worlds; 6:163 prayer seek- ing Divine mercy, 'Our Lord, let not our hearts become perverse after Thou hast guided us, and bestow on us mercy from Thyself; surely, Thou art the Great Bestower; 3:9 present everywhere, To Allah belong the East and the West; so whitherso- ever you turn, there will be the face of Allah… 2:116 prove loyalty to ¬ , O ye who believe! prove not false to Allah and the Messenger, … 8:28 provides and feeds, And there is no creature that moves on the earth but it is for Allah to provide it with sustenance… 11:7 punishes wrong-do- ers, disbelievers, 'Then as for those who dis- believe, I will punish them with a severe punishment in this world and in the next, and they shall have no helpers;' 3:57

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~ 63 ~ raises all from graves, And because the Hour will certainly come, there is no doubt about it, and because Allah will raise up those who are in the graves.22:8 regulates all affairs, Allah is He Who raised up the heavens without any pillars that you can see.Then He settled Himself on the Throne.And He pressed the sun and the moon into your service; each planet pursues its course until an appointed term.He regulates all affairs and He clearly explains the Signs that you may have firm belief in the meeting with your Lord.13:3 remem- brance of ¬ , 'Those who believe, and whose hearts find com- fort in the remembrance of Allah.Aye! It is in the remembrance of Allah that hearts can find comfort; 13:29 respond to ¬ , and His Messenger, O ye who believe! respond to Allah, and the Messen- ger when he calls you that he may give you life, and know that Allah comes in between a man and his heart, and that He it is unto Whom you will be gathered.8:25

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~ 64 ~ revelation through chosen Messengers, And it is not for a man that Allah should speak to him except by direct revelation, or from behind a veil, or by sending a messenger to re- veal by His command what He pleases.Surely, He is High, Wise.42:52 And thus have We revealed to thee the Word by Our command….42:53 rewards those who forgive, Remember that the recom- pense of an injury is an in- jury the like thereof; but whoso forgives and thereby brings about an improve- ment, his reward is with Al- lah.Surely, He loves not the wrongdoers.42:41 enjoins straight-for- ward word, qaule-sad i d, O ye who believe! fear Allah, and say the straight- forward word.33:71 And confound not false- hood nor hide the truth knowingly.2:43 signs of ¬ , a y a tull a h, V erily, in the creation of the heavens and the earth and in the alternation of night and day, and in the ships which sail in the sea with that which profits men, and in the water which Allah sends down from the sky and quickens therewith the earth after its death and scatters therein all kinds of beasts, and in the change of the winds and the clouds

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~ 65 ~ pressed into service be- tween the heaven and the earth are indeed Signs for the people who use their understanding.2:165 sends tranquility, Allah sent down His tran- quility on His Messenger and on the believers, and made them adhere firmly to the principle of righteous- ness, and they were better entitled to it and more wor- thy of it.48:27 sends angels to reassure steadfast, A s for those who say, 'Our Lord is Allah,' and then re- main steadfast, the angels descend on them, reassur- ing them: 'Fear not, nor grieve; and rejoice in the glad tidings of the Garden which you were promised; 41:31 ' We are your friends in this life and in the Hereafter.Therein you will have all that your souls will desire, and therein you will have all that you will ask for 41:32 seek ¬ for a judge, Shall I seek for a judge other than Allah, when He it is Who has sent down to you the Book, fully ex- plained? … 6:115 seeking forgiveness of ¬ , But Allah would not punish them while thou wast among them, and Allah would not punish them

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~ 66 ~ while they sought for- giveness.8:34 seeking nearness to ¬ , O ye who believe! fear Allah and seek the means of approach unto Him and strive in His way that you may prosper.5:36 seeking refuge with ¬ , a‘ ud o-bil- l a h i , And say, 'My Lord, I seek refuge in Thee from the in- citements of the evil ones; 23:98 'And I seek refuge in Thee, my Lord, lest they should come near me.' 23:99 sets a seal on their hearts, khatama, Allah has set a seal on their hearts and their ears, and over their eyes is a cover- ing; … 2:8 spend in the way of ¬ , O ye who believe! spend of the good things that you have earned, and of what We produce for you from the earth; and seek not what is bad that you may spend out of it when you would not take it yourselves ex- cept that you connive at it… 2:268 friends of ¬ , Behold! the friends of Al- lah shall certainly have no fear, nor shall they grieve 10:63 takes away the souls of men, And if thou couldst see when the angels take away the souls of those who dis- believe, smiting their faces and their backs and saying : 'Taste ye the punishment of burning.8:51

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~ 67 ~ those who seek to ex- tinguish ¬’s light, They seek to extinguish the light of Allah with their mouths; but Allah refuses but to perfect His light, though the disbelievers may resent it.9:32 those who strive to meet ¬ And as for those who strive to meet Us-We will, surely, guide them in Our ways.And, verily, Allah is with those who do good.29:70 throne of ¬ , He is the Gracious God Who has settled Himself firmly on the Throne.20:6 to ¬ we be- long, our re- turn, inn a lil- l a h …, Who, when a misfortune overtakes them, say, 'Surely, to Allah we belong and to Him shall we return.' 2:157 travel in the earth, s i r u f i l-ar d , Say, 'Travel in the earth, and see how He origi- nated the creation.Then will Allah create the sec- ond creation.Surely, Allah has power over all things; 29:21 tries you with wealth and your children, And know that your pos- sessions and your children are but a trial and that it is Allah with Whom is a great reward.8:29 true religion with ¬ is Islam, Surely, the true religion with Allah is Islam… 3:20

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~ 68 ~ unbelievers will not find help other than ¬ , Say, 'Who is it that can save you from Allah if it be His wish to do you harm, or can deprive you of it, if it be His wish to show you mercy?' And they will not find for themselves any friend nor helper other than Allah.33:18 who forges lie against ¬ , Who is then more unjust than he who forges a lie against Allah or he who treats His Signs as lies? … 10:18 And a believing man from among the people of Pharaoh, who kept hidden his faith, said, "Will you slay a man because he says, 'My Lord is Allah,' while he has also brought you clear proofs from your Lord? And if he be a liar, on him will be the sin of his lie; but if he is truthful, then some of that which he threatens you with will, surely, befall you… 40:29 words of ¬ are inex- haustible, And if all the trees that are in the earth were pens, and the ocean—seven more oceans to replenish it— were ink, the words of Allah would not be ex- hausted… 31:28 Allegiance: See Oath: Pledge : Bai‘at: Allegory: See Parables:

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~ 69 ~ Alms: S a- daqah , are a means of cleansing wealth, re- pentance, Take alms out of their wealth, so that thou mayest cleanse them and purify them thereby… 9:103 collection & distribution of ¬ , A lms are for the poor who are detained in the way of Allah and are unable to move about in the land.The ignorant man imagines them to be free from want because of their abstaining f rom begging.Thou shalt know them by their appear- ance; they do not beg of men with importunity… 2:274 The alms are only for the poor and the needy, and for those employed in connec- tion therewith, and for those whose hearts are to be reconciled, and for the f reeing of slaves, and for those in debt, and for the cause of Allah, and for the wayfarer … 9:60 enjoined zakat on Jesus, 'And He has made me blessed wheresoever I may be, and has enjoined upon me Prayer and almsgiving so long as I live; 19:32 give with a kind word, A kind word and for- giveness are better than charity followed by injury… 2:264

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~ 70 ~ O ye who believe! render not vain your alms by re- proach and injury like him who spends his wealth to be seen of men, and he be- lieves not in Allah and the Last Day… 2:265 wealth paid back in full, multiplied, And whatever of wealth you spend, the benefit of it will be for yourselves, for, you spend not but to seek the favour of Allah.And whatever of wealth you spend it shall be paid back to you in full,… 2:273 Surely, the men who give alms, and the women who give alms, and those who lend to Allah a goodly loan—It will be increased manifold for them, and theirs will also be a hon- ourable reward- 57:19 Satan dissuades you from spending, Satan threatens you with poverty and enjoins upon you what is foul, whereas Allah promises you for- giveness from Himself and bounty.2:269 spend secretly and openly, Those who spend their wealth by night and day, secretly and openly, have their reward with their Lord; 2:275 successful are believers who pay ¬ , Successful indeed are the believers, 23:2 … who are prompt and regular in paying the Zakat, 23:5

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~ 71 ~ Alw ah: tablets, And We wrote for him, upon the Tablets about eve- rything an admonition and an explanation of all things.'So hold them fast and bid thy people follow the best thereof… 7:146 Nay, but it is a glorious Qur' a n.85:22 In a well-guarded tablet.85:23 Al-Yasa‘: Elisha, And We also guided Ish- mael and Elisha and Jo- nah and Lot! And each one of them did We exalt above the people.6:87 Ambiguous: mutash a bih He it is Who has sent down to thee the Book; in it there are verses that are firm and decisive in meaning—they are the basis of the Book— and there are others that are susceptible of different in- terpretations….3:8 Anf a l: See Spoils: Angels: Mal a ikah Allah chooses Messengers from ¬ , Allah chooses His Messen- gers from among angels and from among men… 22:76 as a sign, And they say, 'Why has not an angel been sent down to him?' And if We had sent down an angel, the matter would have been decided, and then they would have been granted no respite.6:9

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~ 72 ~ bear witness, But Allah bears witness by means of the revelation which He has sent down to thee that He has sent it down full of His knowledge, and the angels also bear witness; … 4:167 belief in ¬ , … but truly righteous is he who believes in Allah and the Last Day and the angels and the Book and the Prophets, … 2:178 disobey not Allah, … over which are ap- pointed angels, stern and severe, who disobey not Allah in what He com- mands them and do as they are commanded.66:7 duties of ¬ , H e sends down the angels with revelation by His com- mand on whomsoever of His servants He pleases, saying, 'Warn people that there is no god but I, so take Me alone for your Protector.' 16:3 And thou wilt see the angels going round the Throne, glorifying their Lord with His praise, 39:76 exalted assembly, 'I had no knowledge of the Exalted Assembly when they discussed the matter among themselves, 38:70 Gabriel and Michael, 'Whoever is an enemy to Allah, and His angels, and His Messengers, and Gabriel, and Michael, then

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~ 73 ~ surely, Allah is an enemy to such disbelievers.' 2:99 harbinger of Divine punish- ments, We do not send down angels but with the requirements of justice, and when We do send them, the disbelievers are not respited.15:9 H a r u t and M a r u t, … And they claim that they follow what was revealed to the two angels in Babylon, H a r u t and M a r u t….2:103 help the believers, When you implored the help of your Lord, and He answered your prayer say- ing, 'I will surely help you with a thousand of the an- gels, rank on rank.' 8:10 Joseph mistaken as an ¬ , 'Allah be glorified! This is not a human being; this is but a noble angel.' 12:32 of Death: Malakul- Maut, Say, 'The angel of death that has been put in charge of you will cause you to die; then to your Lord will you be brought back.' 32:12 Meccans de- manded ¬ , … or, thou bring Allah and the angels before us face to face; 17:93 pray for the Holy Prophet sa , Allah sends down His blessings on the Prophet and His angels pray for him.O ye who believe, you too should invoke His blessings on him and salute him with the salutation of peace.33:57 Surely, there are guardians over you, 82:11

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~ 74 ~ Recording ¬ , Guardian ¬ , Noble Recorders, 82:12 Who know all that you do.82: 13 submit to Adam, A nd remember the time when We said to the angels, 'Submit to Adam,' and they all submitted.2:35 take away the souls of men, Tawaff a , Say, 'The angel of death that has been put in charge of you will cause you to die; then to your Lord will you be brought back.' 32:12 Anger: Gha d ab, Allah’s wrath, And whoso slays a believer intentionally; his reward shall be Hell wherein he shall abide.And Allah shall be wroth with him and shall curse him and shall prepare for him a great punishment.4:94 man’s anger, rage, Ghai z , And those who eschew the more grievous sins and in- decencies, and, when they are wroth, they forgive, 42:38 Animals: D a bbah, An‘ a m, And Allah has created every animal from water.Of them are some that go upon their bellies, and of them are some that go upon two feet, and among them are some that go upon four.Allah creates what He pleases….24:46

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~ 75 ~ And when the sentence is passed against them, We shall bring forth for them an insect out of the earth which shall wound them because people did not be- lieve in Our Signs.27:83 Allah cares for ¬ , And how many an animal there is that carries not its sustenance! Allah provides for it … 29:61 beneficial for man, And the cattle too He has created; you find in them warmth and other uses; and of the flesh of some of them you eat.16:6 And in them there is orna- ment and dignity for you when you bring them home in the evening and when you drive them forth to pas- ture in the morning.16:7 And they carry your loads to a land which you could not reach except with great hardship to yourselves.Surely, your Lord isCom- passionate, Merciful.16:8 And He has created horses and mules and asses that you may ride them, and as a source of beauty.And He will create what you do not y et know.16: 9 created in pairs, And Who has created pairs of all things, and has made for you ships and cattle whereon you ride, 43:13

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~ 76 ~ lawful ¬ , And what reason have you that you should not eat of that over which the name of Allah has been pronounced when He has already ex- plained to you that which He has forbidden unto you,—save that which you are forced to… 6:120 The game of the sea and the eating thereof is made lawful for you as a provision for you and the travellers; … 5:97 sacrifice, And among the sacred Signs of Allah We have ap- pointed for you the sacrifi- cial camels.In them there is much good for you.So mention the name of Allah over them as they stand tied up in rows.And when they fall down dead on their sides, eat thereof and feed him who is needy but con- tented and him also who supplicates….22:37 similitudes, And when they insolently rebelled against that which they had been forbidden, We said to them, ' Be ye apes despised.' 7:167 The case of those who take helpers beside Allah is like unto the case of the spider that takes to itself a house; and, surely, the frailest of

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~ 77 ~ all houses is the house of the spider, … 29:42 The likeness of those who were charged with the Law of Torah, but did not carry out its commandments, is as the likeness of an ass carry- ing a load of books….62:6 unlawful ¬ , Forbidden to you is the flesh of an animal which dies of itself; and blood and the flesh of swine; and that on which is in- voked the name of any other than Allah; and that which has been strangled; and that which has been beaten to death; and that which has been killed by a fall; and that which has been gored to death; and that of which a wild animal has eaten, except that which you have properly slaughtered; and that which has been slaughtered at an altar as an offering to idols...5:4

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~ 78 ~ Annoying the Holy Prophet sa : O ye who believe! enter not the houses of the Prophet unless leave is granted to you for a meal, not waiting till it is cooked.But enter when you are invited, and when you have had your meal, disperse, without seeking to engage in talk.That causes inconvenience to the Prophet, and he feels shy of asking you to leave, but Allah is not shy of say- ing what is true.And when you ask them—the wives of the Prophet—for anything, ask them from behind a curtain.That is purer for your hearts and their hearts.And it behoves you not to cause inconvenience to the Messenger of Allah, 33:54 An sa r: helpers, And when Jesus perceived their disbelief, he said, 'Who will be my helpers in the cause of Allah?' The disciples answered, 'We are the helpers of Allah… 3:53 And as for the foremost among the believers, the first of the Emigrants and the Helpers, and those who followed them in the best possible manner, Allah is well-pleased with them and they are well-pleased with Him, … 9:100

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~ 79 ~ Anthropo- morphism: Tajs i m , hand of God, And when Moses came at Our appointed time and his Lord spoke to him, he said, 'My Lord, show Thyself to me that I may look at Thee.' A llah replied, 'Thou shalt not see Me… 7:144 Verily, those who swear al- legiance to thee, indeed, swear allegiance to Allah.The hand of Allah is over their hands.So whoever breaks his oath, breaks it to his own loss; … 48:11 Ape: Qira- dah , And surely, you have known the end of those amongst you, who trans- gressed in the matter of the Sabbath.So We said to them, 'Be ye apes, despised.' 2:66 Apostate : Murtad no compulsion in religion, There is no compulsion in religion.Surely, the right way has become distinct from error; … 2:257 And if thy Lord had en- forced His Will, surely, all who are in the earth would have believed together.Wilt thou, then, force men to be- come believers? 10:100 And say, 'It is the truth from your Lord; wherefore let him who will, believe, and let him, who will, disbelieve…' 18:30

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~ 80 ~ punishment for an ¬ , Those who believe, then disbelieve, then again be- lieve, then disbelieve and then increase in disbelief, Allah will never forgive them nor will He guide them to the right way.4:138 Those who disbelieve and die while they are disbe- lievers, on them shall be the curse of Allah and of an- gels and of men all to- gether.2:162 And whoso from among you turns back from his Faith and dies while he is a disbeliever, it is they whose works shall be vain in this world and the next.These are the inmates of the Fire and therein shall they abide.2:218 As for those whose faces will be black, it will be said to them 'Did you disbelieve after believing? Taste, then, the punishment because you disbelieved.' 3:107 O ye who believe! Whoso among you turns back from his religion, then let him know that Allah will soon bring in his stead a people whom He will love..5:55 will in no way harm Allah, If then he dies or is slain, will you turn back on your heels? And he who turns

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~ 81 ~ Islam, back on his heels shall not harm Allah at all… 3:145 And let not those who has- ten to fall into disbelief grieve thee; surely, they cannot harm Allah in any way… 3:177 A‘r a b: Bedouins, The Arabs of the desert say, 'We believe.' Say, 'You have not truly believed yet, but rather say, "We have submitted, for true faith has not yet entered into your hearts." But if you obey Al- lah and His Messenger, He will not detract anything from your deeds… 49:15 And of the desert Arabs around you some are hypo- crites; … 9:101 Arabic: We have revealed it—the Qur' a n in Arabic—that you may understand.12:3 And indeed We know that they say that it is only a man who teaches him.But the tongue of him towards whom their minds incline in making this insinuation is foreign while this is Ara- bic tongue plain and clear.16:104 And if We had made it a Qur' a n in a foreign tongue, they, surely, would have said, 'Why have not its verses been made clear? What! A foreign tongue and an Arab Prophet?' Say,

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~ 82 ~ 'It is a guidance and a heal- ing for those who believe' 41:45 Arabs: before the Holy Prophet sa , … and remember the fa- vour of Allah which He be- stowed upon you when you were enemies and He united your hearts in love so that by His grace you be- came as brothers; and you were on the brink of a pit of fire and He saved you from it… 3:104 customs and practices, Losers indeed are they who slay their children foolishly for lack of knowledge, and make unlawful what Allah has provided for them, forging a lie against Allah… 6:141 … nor has He made those of your wives from whom you keep away by calling them mothers, your moth- ers in fact, nor has He made those whom you adopt as sons, your sons in fact.These are merely the words of your mouths; 33:5 And they have assigned Al- lah a portion of the crops and cattle which He has produced, and they say, 'This is for Allah,' –so they assert –'and this is for our as- sociate-gods.' But that which is for their associate-gods reaches not Allah while that

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~ 83 ~ which is for Allah reaches their associate-gods..6:137 idols of ¬ , "And they say to one an- other ' Forsake not your gods, and forsake neither Wadd nor Suw a ', nor Yagh u th and Ya' u q and Nasr." 71:24 ‘Araf a t: … But when you pour forth from ‘Araf a t, remember Al- lah at Mash’ar il- H ar a m, and remember Him as He has guided you; … 2:199 Arbitration: rests with Allah alone, Shall I seek for a judge other than Allah, when He it is Who has sent down to you the Book, fully ex- plained? … 6:115 for the Jews, If, then, they come to thee f or judgment, judge be- tween them or turn aside from them.And if thou turn aside from them, they can- not harm thee at all.And if thou judge, judge between them with justice… 5:43 by the Book, We have surely sent down to thee the Book compris- ing the truth, that thou may- est judge between men by what Allah has taught thee… 4:106 seek ¬ , And if you fear a breach between them, then appoint an arbiter from his folk and an arbiter from her folk.If they (the arbiters) desire

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~ 84 ~ reconciliation, Allah will effect it between them.4:36 Argue : Call unto the way of thy Lord with wisdom and goodly exhortation and ar- gue with them in a way that is best… 16:126 Arguments and Reason- ing : Burh a n , And they say, 'None shall ever enter Heaven unless he be a Jew or a Christian.' These are their vain desires.Say, 'Produce your proof, if you are truthful.' 2:112 death of all Prophets And Muhammad is but a Messenger.Verily, all Messengers have passed away before him.If then he dies or is slain, will you turn back on your heels? … 3:145 Holy Prophet sa free from shortcom- ings, That Allah may cover up for thee thy shortcomings, past and future, and that He may complete His fa- vour upon thee, and may guide thee on a right path; 48:3 And thou dost, surely, possess sublime moral excellences… 68:5 Holy Qur’ a n, Verily, it is We Who have sent down this Exhortation, and most surely We are its Guardian.15:10

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~ 85 ~ of Allah’s ex- istence, Or, Who created the heav- ens and the earth, and who sent down water for you from the sky wherewith We cause to grow beautiful orchards? You could not cause their trees to grow… 27:61 Or, Who made the earth a place of rest, and placed rivers in its midst, and placed upon it firm moun- tains, and put a barrier be- tween the two waters? … 27:62 Or, who answers the cry of the distressed person when he calls upon Him, and re- moves the evil, hand makes you successors in the earth? … 27:63 Or, Who guides you in the depths of darkness on land and sea, and Who sends the winds as glad tidings before His mercy? … 27:64 Or, Who originates crea- tion, and then repeats it and 'Who provides for you from the heaven and the earth? … 27:65 Ark: Noah’s,

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~ 86 ~ saved Noah, So We directed him by rev- elation: 'Make the Ark un- der Our eyes and according to Our revelation.And when Our command comes, and the fountains of the earth gush forth, take thou into it two pairs of every species and thy family, ex- cept those of them against whom the word has already gone forth.And address Me not concerning those who have done wrong; they shall, surely, be drowned.… 23:28 … so We saved him and those who were with him in the Ark.And We made them inheritors of Our favours, while We drown-ed those who rejected our Signs… 10:74 Arms : Permission to take up arms is given to those against whom war is made, be- cause they have been wronged, … 22:40 Arrogance: Allah loves not ¬ , 'And turn not thy cheek away from men in scorn, nor walk in the earth haughtily; surely, Allah loves not any arrogant boaster; 31:19 punished for their ¬ , It will be said, 'Enter ye the gates of Hell, abiding therein.And evil is the

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~ 87 ~ abode of the arrogant.' 39:73 Arrows: divination by ¬ , O ye who believe! wine and the game of chance and idols and divining arrows are only an abomination of Satan's handiwork.So shun each one of them that you may prosper.5:91 ‘Arsh: But if they turn away, say, ' Allah is sufficient for me.There is no god but He.In Him do I put my trust, and He is the Lord of the mighty Throne? 9:129 Artery: life- vein And if he had forged and attributed any sayings to Us, 69:45 We would, surely, have seized him by the right hand, 69:46 And then, surely, We would have cut his life- vein, 69: 47 Asb at : tribes, And We divided them into twelve tribes, distinct peo- ples.7:161 Ascension: See Isr a’: Mi‘r a j: Mu- h ammad as : Jesus: Rafa‘: Enoch: Asceticism: See Monasticism: A sha bul-Ai- kah: See People of the Wood: A sha bul- Ja hi m: See Inmates of hell: A sha bul- Jannah: See Inmates of heaven:

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~ 88 ~ A sha bul- Kahf: See Companions of the Cave: A sha bul- Mash’- amah: And those on the left hand— how unlucky are those on the left hand! 56:10 A sha bul- Qub u r: of the graves, …they have, indeed, des- paired of the Hereafter just as have the disbelievers despaired of those who are in the graves.60:14 A sha bul- Qaryah: of the town, And set forth to them the parable of a people of the town, when the Messengers came to it.36:14 A sha bul- Yam i n: Every soul is pledged for what it has earned; 74:39 Except those on the right hand.74:40 A sha bun- N a r: See Wardens of the fire: See Inmates of fire: A sha bur- Rass: See People of the well: A sha bul-F i l: See Owners of the Ele- phant: A sha bus- Sa‘ i r: Thus will they confess their sins; but far removed from God's mercy are the inmates of the blazing Fire.67:12 See also Inmates of fire: A sha bul- Maimanah: Those on the right hand- how lucky are those on the right hand! 56:9 A sha bul- ’Ukhd u d: See Fellows of the trench: A sha bus- Sabt: of Sabbath, … as We cursed the people of the Sabbath … 4:48

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~ 89 ~ A sha bus- Saf i nah: But We saved him and those who were with him in the Ark; … 29:16 Ashhurul H urum: for- bidden Months : And when the forbidden months have passed, slay the idolaters wherever you find them and take them captive, and beleaguer them, and lie in wait for them at every place of ambush… 9:5 Ashuddah: Bal u ghah , maturity, 'And approach not the property of the orphan, ex- cept in a way which is best, till he attains his maturity… 6:153 And when he attained his age of full strength, We granted him judgment and knowledge… 12:23 ‘Asl: See Honey: A siyah: example of, And Allah holds forth as an example, for those who be- lieve the wife of Pharaoh when she said, 'My Lord! build for me a house with Thee in the Garden; and de- liver me from Pharaoh and his work, and deliver me from the wrongdoing peo- ple; 66:12 Ass: H am i r , 'And walk thou at a moder- ate pace, and lower thy voice; verily, the most hate- ful of voices is the braying of the ass.' 31:20

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~ 90 ~ The likeness of those who were charged with the Law of Torah, but did not carry out its commandments, is as the likeness of an ass carry- ing a load of books.… 62:6 Atlantic Ocean: See Sea: Atheism: See Allah: existence of , Atom: Dharrah , atomic blast, Surely, Allah wrongs not any one even so much as the weight of an atom.4:41 It was but a single blast and lo! they were extinct.36:30 And what should make thee know what the crushing torment is? 104:6 It is Allah's kindled fire, 104:7 Which rises over the hearts.104:8 It will be closed in on them, 104:9 In outstretched columns.104:10 Atmamtu: completed, Moreover, We gave Moses the Book—completing the favour upon him who did good, and an explanation of all necessary things, and a guidance and a mercy..6:155 See also Akmaltu:...This day have I perfected your religion for you and completed My favour upon you and have chosen for you Islam as religion … 5:4

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~ 91 ~ … and perfect His favour upon thee and upon the family of Jacob as He per- fected it upon thy two fore- fathers-Abraham and Isaac….12:7 Atonement: refutation of the doctrine of ¬ , Say, 'Shall I seek a Lord other than Allah while He is the Lord of all things?' And no soul earns evil but only against itself; nor does any bearer of burden bear the bur- den of another.6:165 Allah is He beside Whom there is none worthy of worship, the Living, the Self-Subsisting and All Sustaining.3:3 He who follows the right way follows it only for the good of his own soul; and he who goes astray, goes astray only to his own loss.And no bearer of burden shall bear the burden of an- other.And We never pun- ish until We have sent a Messenger.17:16 See also Jesus: natural death of, by expiation, Fidy a h, … And whoso waives the right thereto, it shall be an expiation for his own sins; … 5:46 … But whoso finds not the means shall fast for three days.That is the expiation of your oaths when you

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~ 92 ~ have sworn.And keep your oaths….5:90 Attributes of Allah: Al-‘Afuw, … Allah is certainly the Ef- facer of sins, All-Powerful.4:150 Al-A h ad, Say, 'He is Allah, the One! 112:2 Al- A khir, He is the First and the Last, and the Manifest and the Hidden, … 57:4 Al-Akram, Proclaim! And thy Lord is the Most Bounteous; 96:4 Al-‘Aliyy, … Allah is High and Great.4:35 Al-‘Al i m, … and He has full know- ledge of all things.57:4 Al-Awwal, See Al- A khir, Al-‘A zi m, … and He is the High, the Great.42:5 Al-‘Az i z, … Surely, Allah is Mighty and Wise.4:57 Al-Bad i ‘, He is the Originator of the heavens and the earth 2:118 Al-B a‘ ith, … And as for the dead, Allah will raise them to life, … 6:37 Al-B a q i , … And Allah is the Best and the Most Abiding.20:74 Al-Barr, … Surely, He is the Benefi- cent, the Merciful.' 52:29 Al-B a r i , … turn ye therefore to your Maker, 2:55 Al-Ba si r, … and Allah is All-Hear- ing, All-Seeing.4:135

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~ 93 ~ Al-B a si t , Know they not that Allah enlarges the provision for whomsoever He pleases, … 39:53 Al-B at in, See Al- A khir Al-Fatt ah , Say, 'Our Lord will bring us all together; then He will judge between us with truth, and He is the Best Judge, the All-Knowing.' 34:27 Al-Ghaff a r, 'The Lord of the heavens and the earth, and all that is between the two, the Mighty, the Great For- giver.' 38:67 Al-Ghaf u r, … Allah is indeed the Ef- facer of sins and is Most Forgiving.22:61 Al-Ghan i , … And know that Allah is Self-Sufficient, Praisewor- thy.2:268 Al-H a d i , … and sufficient is thy Lord as a Guide and a Helper.25:32 Al- H af iz , And thy Lord is Watchful over all things.34:22 Al- H aqq, And that is because it is Al- lah Who is the Truth, 22:63 Al- H ayy, He is the Living God.There is no god but He….40:66 Al- H akam And in whatsoever you differ, the final decision thereof rests with Allah….42:11 Al- H ak i m, Thou art the All-Knowing, the Wise 2:33

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~ 94 ~ Al- H al i m, … And Allah is Most For- giving, Forbearing 2:226 Al- H am i d, … And, surely, Allah is Self-Sufficient, Praisewor- thy.22:65 Al- H as i b, … And Allah is sufficient as a Reckoner.4:7 Al-Jabb a r, He is Allah, and there is no god beside Him, the Sover- eign, the Holy One, the Source of peace, the Be- stower of security, the Pro- tector, the Mighty, the Sub- duer, the Exalted….59:24 Al-J a mi‘, Say 'Our Lord will bring us all together, then He will judge between us with truth,… 34:27.Also 3:10 Al-Kab i r, … Surely, Allah is High and Great.4:35 Al-K a f i , Is not Allah sufficient for His servant? … 39:37 Al-Kar i m, … truly my Lord is Self- Sufficient, Gracious.' 27:41 Al-Khab i r, … and He is the Knower of all subtleties, the All- Aware.67:15 Al-Kh a liq, Such is Allah, your Lord, the Creator of all things… 40:63 Al-La ti f, … And He is the Incompre- hensible, the All-Aware.6:104 Al-M a hid u n, And the earth We have spread out, and how excel- lently do We spread it out! 51:49 Al-Maj i d, The Lord of the Throne, the Lord of honour; 85:16

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~ 95 ~ Al-M a lik, The Kingdom on that day shall be Allah's..22:57 Al-Mat i n, Surely, it is Allah Himself Who is the Great Sustainer, the Lord of Power, the Strong.51:59 Al-Mu’kh- khir, 'He will forgive you your sins and grant you respite till an appointed time.' 71:5 Al-Mubd i , … 'It is Allah alone Who originates creation and then reproduces it… 10:35 Al-Mudhill, … Thou exaltest whomso- ever Thou pleasest and Thou abasest whomsoever Thou pleasest… 3:27 Al-Muhai- min, He is Allah, and there is no god beside Him, the Sover- eign, the Holy One, the Source of peace, the Be- stower of security, the Pro- tector, the Mighty, the Sub- duer, the Exalted….59:24 Al-Mu h y i , … how He quickens the earth after its death.Verily, it is He Who quickens the dead;… 30:51 Al-Mu hsi , … Allah has kept account of it, while they have for- gotten it….58:7 Al-Mu‘ i d, Or, Who originates crea- tion, and then re- peats,..27:65 Al-Mu‘izz, … Thou exaltest whomso- ever Thou pleasest and Thou abasest whomsoever Thou pleasest… 3:27 Al-Muj i b, …Verily, my Lord is nigh, and answers prayers.' 11:62

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~ 96 ~ Al-Mu’min, He is Allah, and there is no god beside Him, the Sover- eign, the Holy One, the Source of peace, the Be- stower of security, the Pro- tector, the Mighty, the Sub- duer, the Exalted….59:24 Al-Mum i t, … He gives life and He causes death, … 57:3 Al-Mun‘im, As for man, when his Lord tries him and honours him and bestows favours on him, he says, 'My Lord has honoured me.' 89:16 Al-Mun- taqim , … And Allah is Mighty, Lord of retribution.3:5 Al-Muq i t , … and Allah is Powerful over everything.4:86 Al-Muq-ta- dir, … And Allah has full power over everything.18:46 Al-Mu s aw- wir, He it is Who fashions you in the wombs as He wills; … 3:7 Al-Musta‘ a n, … And it is Allah alone Whose help is to be sought against what you assert.' 12:19 Al-Muta‘ a l, He is the Knower of the un- seen and the seen, the In- comparably Great, the Most High.13:10 Al-Mutakab- bir, He is Allah, and there is no god beside Him, the Sover- eign, the Holy One, the

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~ 97 ~ Source of peace, the Be- stower of security, the Pro- tector, the Mighty, the Sub- duer, the Exalted….59:24 An-Na si r , … and sufficient is thy Lord as a Guide and a Helper.25:32 An-N u r, Allah is the Light of the heavens and the earth.His light is as if there were a lustrous niche, wherein is a lamp.The lamp is inside a glass-globe.….24:36 Al-Q a bi d, … And Allah receives and enlarges, and to Him shall you be made to return.2:246 Al-Qad i r (All- Powerful), … His is the Kingdom and His is the praise, and He has power over all things.64:2 Al-Q a dir, Say, 'He has power to send punishment upon you from above you or from beneath your feet, or to confound you by splitting you into sects and make you taste the violence of one an- other….6:66 Al-Qahh a r, And He is Supreme over His servants; and He is the Wise, the All-Aware.6:19 Al-Qar i b, … Verily, He is All-Hear- ing, Nigh.34:51 Al-Qawiyy, … Allah is Powerful, Mighty.33:26 Al-Qayy u m, And all great leaders shall humble themselves before

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~ 98 ~ the Living, the Self-Sub- sisting and All-Sustaining God … 20:112 Al-Qudd u s, Whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the earth glorifies Allah, the Sover- eign, the Holy, the Mighty, the Wise.62:2 Ar-Rabb, All praise, then, belongs to Allah, Lord of the Heavens and Lord of the earth, Lord of all the Worlds.45:37 Ar-R a fe‘, On the contrary, Allah ex- alted him to Himself..4:159 Ar-Ra h m a n, In the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful.1:1 Ar-Ra hi m, The Gracious, the Merciful, 1:3 Ar-Raq i b , … And Allah is Watchful over all things.33:53 Ar-Rash i d , … 'Our Lord, bestow on us mercy from Thyself, and furnish us with right guid- ance in our affair.' 18:11 Ar-Ra’ u f, … And Allah is Most Com- passionate to His servants.3:31 Ar-Razz a q, … And, surely, Allah is the Best of providers.22:59 A s - Sa diq, … And who is more truth- ful in his word than Allah? 4:88 As-Sal a m, He is Allah, and there is no god beside Him, the Sover- eign, the Holy One, the Source of peace, the Be- stower of security, the Pro- tector, the Mighty, the Sub- duer, the Exalted….59:24

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~ 99 ~ A s - S amad, Allah, the Independent and Besought of all.112:3 As-Sam i ‘, … Verily, Allah is All- Hearing, All-Knowing.49:2 Ash-Sh a f i , 'And when I fall ill, it is He Who restores me to health; 26:81 Ash-Shaf i ‘, … You have no helper or intercessor beside Him.Will you not then reflect? 32:5 Ash-Shah i d, … And sufficient is Allah as a Witness.4:80 Ash-Shak u r, If you lend to Allah a goodly loan, He will multi- ply it for you, and will for- give you; and Allah is Most Appreciating, Forbearing; 64:18 At-Taww a b, And He it is Who accepts repentance from His serv- ants and forgives sins… 42:26 Al-Wad u d, … Verily, my Lord is Mer- ciful, Most Loving.' 11:91 Al-Wahh a b, 'Our Lord, let not our hearts become perverse after Thou hast guided us, and bestow on us mercy from Thyself; surely, Thou art the Great Bestower; 3:9 Al-W ah id, … 'Allah alone is the Crea- tor of all things, and He is the One, the Most Supreme.' 13:17 Al-Wak i l, … And sufficient is Allah as a Disposer of affairs.4:82

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~ 100 ~ Al-Waliyy, … And He is the Protector, the Praiseworthy.42:29 Al-W a rith, And verily, it is We Who give life, and We Who cause death; and it is We Who are the sole Inheritors of all.15:24 Al-W a se ‘ , … If they be poor, Allah will grant them means out of His bounty; and Allah is Bountiful, All-Knowing.24:33 A z - Za hir, He is the First and the Last, and the Manifest and the Hidden, and He has full knowledge of all things.57:4 ‘ A limul- ghaibi wash- Shh a dah, The Knower of the unseen and the seen, the Mighty, the Wise.64:19 Al-Malik-ul- H aq, Exalted then is Allah, the True King… 20:115 A h kamul- Ha kim i n, Is not Allah the Most Just of judges? 95:9 A h sanul- Kh a liq i n, So blessed be Allah, the Best of creators.23:15 Ar h amur- R ah im i n, … and Thou art the Most Merciful of those who show mercy.' 7:152 Asra‘ul- Ha si- b i n, … And He is the Swiftest of reckoners.6:63 Dhi t-t aul, Forgiver of sin, Acceptor of repentance, Severe in pun- ishment, the Lord of bounty… 40:4 Dhul-‘Arsh, He is of most exalted attrib- utes, Lord of the Throne….40:16

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~ 101 ~ Dhul-Fa d l…, …Verily, Allah is Bounti- ful to mankind, yet most men are ungrateful.40:62 Dhul-Jal a l wal-Ikr a m, And there will abide for ever only the Person of thy Lord, Master of Glory and Honour.55:28 Dhul-Ma‘ a rij, It is from Allah, Lord of great ascents.70:4 Dhul-Mat i n, Surely, it is Allah Himself Who is the Great Sustainer, the Lord of Power, the Strong.51:59 Dhur-Ra h- mah, And thy Lord is Self Suffi- cient, Lord of mercy….6:134 Dhuntiq a m, And he whom Allah guides there is none to lead him astray.Is not Allah the Mighty, the Lord of retribu- tion? 39:38 Fa‘-‘ a l, Abiding therein, so long as the heavens and the earth endure, except as thy Lord may will.Surely, thy Lord does what He pleases.11:108 F at irus-Sa- m a w a te wal- Ar d , Say, 'Shall I take any pro- tector other than Allah, the Maker of the heavens and the earth, Who feeds and is not fed? … 6:15 Gh a firudh- dhanb, Forgiver of sin, Acceptor of repentance, Severe in pun- ishment, the Lord of bounty.There is no god but He … 40:4

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~ 102 ~ A l-H aqqul- Mub i n, On that day will Allah pay them in full their just due, and they will know that Allah alone is the Manifest Truth.24:26 Khairul-F as i- l i n, … The decision rests with Allah alone.He explains the truth, and He is the Best of judges.' 6:58 Khairul-F a ti- hi n, … In Allah have we put our trust.So, O our Lord, de- cide Thou between us and between our people with truth and Thou art the Best of those who decide.' 7:90 Khairul- Gh a fir i n, Thou causest to perish thereby whom Thou pleas- est and Thou guidest whom Thou pleasest.Thou art our Protector; forgive us then and have mercy on us and Thou art the Best of those who forgive; 7:156 Khairul- Ha- kim i n, And follow that which is revealed to thee and be steadfast until Allah gives His judgment.And He is the Best of judges.10:110 Khairul- Ma- k i rin , And they planned and Al- lah also planned, and Allah Is the Best of planners.8:31 Khairul- M u n zi lin , 'And when thou dost disem- bark from the Ark say, 'My Lord, cause me to land a blessed landing, for Thou art the Best of those who bring people to land.' 23:30

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~ 103 ~ Khairul- War- ith in , And remember Zachariah also when he cried to his Lord: 'My Lord, leave me not alone and Thou art the Best of inheritors.' 21:90 Khairun- Na- s ir in , Nay, Allah is your Protec- tor, and He is the Best of helpers.3:151 Khairur- R ah im i n, 'Our Lord, we believe; for- give us therefore our sins, and have mercy on us; for Thou art the Best of those who show mercy.' 23:110 Khairur-R a- ziq i n, And those who leave their homes for the cause of Allah, and are then slain or die, Allah will, surely, provide for them a goodly provision.And, surely, Allah is the Best of providers.22:59 M a likul- Mulk, Dost thou not know that Allah is He to Whom be- longs the Kingdom of the heavens and the earth? 5:41 Malikun-n a s, ' The King of mankind, 114:3 M a liku Yau- mid-d i n Master of the Day of Judg- ment.1:4 Ni‘mal- Maul a , …He is your Protector.An Excellent Protector and an Excellent Helper! 22:79 Q a bilut- Taub, Forgiver of sin, Acceptor of repentance, Severe in pun- ishment, the Lord of bounty.There is no god but He … 40:4 Rabbul- Falaq, Say, 'I seek refuge in the Lord of the dawn, 113:2

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~ 104 ~ Rabbun-N a s, Say, 'I seek refuge in the Lord of mankind, 114:2 Rabbul-‘ A la- m i n, All praise belongs to Allah alone, Lord of all the worlds, 1:2 Rabbul- ‘Arsh, … Glorified then be Allah, the Lord of the Throne, far above what they attribute to Him.21:23 Rabbul- ‘Arshil- ‘A zi m, Say, 'Who is the Lord of the seven heavens, and the Lord of the Great Throne?' 23:87 Rabbul- ‘Arshil-Ka- r i m, Exalted be Allah, the True King.There is no god but He, the Lord of the Glori- ous Throne.23:117 Rabbul- Mash a riq, The Lord of the two Easts and the Lord of the two Wests.55:18 Rabbus-Sa- m a w a te wal- Ar d , He is the Lord of the heav- ens and the earth and of all that is between the two.19:66 Rabbus- Shi‘r a, And that He is the Lord of Sirius; 53:50 Sar i‘ ul- H is a b, … And he finds Allah near him, Who then pays him his account in full; and Allah is Swift at reckoning.24:40 Sar i‘ ul-‘Iq a b Surely, thy Lord is Quick in retribution and surely He is also Most Forgiving, Merciful.7:168 Shad i dul- ‘Adh a b, And if those who transgress could now see the time when they shall see the

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~ 105 ~ punishment, they would re- alize that all power belongs to Allah and that Allah is severe in punish- ing.2:166 Shad i dul- ‘Iq a b, … they disbelieved in the Signs of Allah; so Allah punished them for their sins.Surely, Allah is Pow- erful and Severe in punish- ing.8:53 Shad i dul- Mi ha l, … and He sends the thun- derbolts, and smites there- with whom He wills, yet they dispute concerning Al- lah, while He is Severe in punishing.13:14 Tab a rakall a h , Blessed is He in Whose hand is the Kingdom, and He has power over all things; 67:2 taught ¬ to Adam, And He taught Adam all the names, then He put the objects of these names be- fore the angels and said, 'Tell Me the names of these, if you are right.' 2:32 W a si‘ul-Ma- ghfirah, Those who shun the grave sins and all indecencies ex- cept minor faults.Verily, thy Lord is Master of vast forgiveness.53:33 A yah : verses, And thus have We sent down the Qur' a n as mani- fest Signs, and surely Allah guides whom He desires.22:17 Alif Lam Mim Ra.These are verses of the perfect

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~ 106 ~ Book.That which has been revealed to thee from thy Lord is the Truth, but most men believe not.13:2 Ayy a m : pe- riods, Verily, your Lord is Allah Who created the heavens and the earth in six periods, then He settled Himself f irmly on the Throne;..10:4 Ayy u b as : Job, And call to mind Job when he cried to his Lord, 'Dis- tress has afflicted me, and Thou art the Most Merciful of all who show mercy.' 21:84 A zar: And remember the time when Abraham said to his father, Azar, 'Dost thou take idols for gods? Surely, I see thee and thy people in manifest error.' 6:75 ‘Az i z as : Ezra, ‘ Uzair , And the Jews say, 'Ezra is the son of Allah,' and the Christians say, 'the Messiah is the son of Allah;' that is what they say with their mouths… 9:30

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~ 107 ~ B Ba ‘ l: Pa- gan deity, 'Do you call on Ba'l, and forsake the Best of Creators- 37:126 husband, Ba ‘ u l She said, 'Oh, woe is me! Shall I bear a child when I am an extremely old woman and this my hus- band also is a very old man? This is indeed a strange thing!' 11:73 Babylon: B a bil , … And Solomon did not disbelieve; but it was the rebellious ones who disbe- lieved.They taught people falsehood and deception.And they claim that they follow what was revealed to the two angels in Babylon, H a r u t and M a r u t … 2:103 Backbit- ing: Humazah Woe to every back-biter, slanderer, Who amasses wealth and counts it over and over.He thinks that his wealth will make him im- mortal.104:2-4 See also Flesh: Badr: Battle of, And Allah had already helped you at Badr when you were weak.So take Allah for your Protector that you may be grateful.3:124 aversion of believ- ers to fight at ¬ , This is because thy Lord has brought thee forth from thy house for a righteous purpose while a party of the

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~ 108 ~ believers were quite averse to it.8:6 Ba hi rah: Allah has not ordained any 'Ba hi rah' or 'S a 'ibah' or 'Wa si lah' or ' Ha mi,' but those who disbelieve forge a lie against Allah, … 5:104 Bai‘: trade, … and spend out of what We have given them, secretly and openly, before there comes a day where there will be nei- ther bargaining nor friend- ship.14:32 See also Barter: Bargain : Biya‘u: protec- tion of syna- gogues, churches, Those who have been driven out from their homes unjustly, only because they said, 'Our Lord is Allah.' And if Allah had not re- pelled some people by means of others, cloisters and churches and syna- gogues and mosques, wherein the name of Allah is oft remembered, would surely have been de- stroyed… 22:41 Bai‘at: of the Holy Prophet sa Surely, Allah was well- pleased with the believers when they were swearing allegiance to thee under the Tree, and He knew what was in their hearts, and He sent down tranquility on them, and He rewarded them with a victory at hand; 48:19

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~ 109 ~ Bakkah: Makkah , Mecca, Surely,the first House founded for all mankind is that at Becca, abounding in blessings and guidance for all peoples.3:97 Bait: house, And We found there only one house of those who were obedient to Us.51:37 Baitul- ‘At i q: 'Then let them accomplish their needful acts of cleans- ing, and fulfil their vows, and go round the Ancient House.' 22:30 Baitul- H ar a m: Ka ‘ bah , 'Our Lord, I have settled some of my progeny in an uncultivable valley near Thy Sacred House… 14:38 Baitul- Ma ‘ m u r: And by the ever Frequented House; 52:5 Bai ‘ atur- Ri d w a n: Surely, Allah was well- pleased with the believers when they were swearing allegiance to thee under the Tree, and He knew what was in their hearts, and He sent down tranquility on them, and He rewarded them with a victory at hand; 48:19 Balance: m i z a n , created heaven & earth with ¬ , And the earth have We spread out, and set therein firm mountains and caused everything to grow therein in proper Proportion.15:20 on And We shall set up just balances on the Day of Res- urrection, so that no soul

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~ 110 ~ judgment day, will be wronged in the least… 21:48 sent down ¬ , Allah is He Who has sent down the Book with truth and also the Balance… 42:18 weigh with ¬ , And give full measure when you measure and weigh with a right balance; that is best and most com- mendable in the end.17:36 Bal ‘ am B a ‘ u r: Balaam, And relate to them the story of him to whom We gave Our Signs, but he stepped away from them; so Satan followed him up and he be- came one of those who go astray.7:176 And if We had pleased, We would have exalt-ed him thereby; but he inclined to the earth and followed his evil desires… 7:177 Ban i Isr a ‘ i l: See also Jews: Jesus sent to ¬ , "And will send him as a Messenger to the Children Of Israel with the Message, 3:50 bestowed favours, O Children of Israel! re- member My favours which I bestowed upon you, and fulfill your covenant with Me, I will fulfill My cove- nant with you, … 2:41

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~ 111 ~ bestowed Prophet- hood, sovereign- nty, superior- ity, And verily, We gave the Children of Israel the Book and sovereignty and Prophethood; and We pro- vided them with good and pure things, and We exalted them over the peoples of their time.45:17 broke the covenant, perverted the word, So, because of their break- ing their covenant, We have cursed them and have hard- ened their hearts.They per- vert the words from their p roper places and have for- gotten a good part of that with which they were ex- horted….5:14 created mischief, And We had clearly con- veyed to the Children of Is- rael in the Book: 'You will surely do great mischief in the land twice, and you will surely become excessively overbearing.' 17:5 delivered from Pharaoh, And remember the time when We delivered you from Pharaoh's people who afflicted you with grievous torment, slaughtering your sons and sparing your women.And therein was a great trial for you from your Lord.7:142 those who honour their covenant, They are not all alike.Among the People of the Book there is a party who stand by their covenant; they recite the Word of Allah in the hours of night

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~ 112 ~ and prostrate themselves before Him.3:114 witness of Holy Prophet sa … and a witness from among the Children of Is- rael bears witness to the ad- vent of one like him, and he believed, but you are too proud to believe, … 46:11 Baq a ’: lasting, And there will abide for- ever only the Person of thy Lord, Master of Glory and Honour.55:28 See also Abide: Bar a ’ah: declar- ation This is a declaration of com- plete vindication on the part of Allah and His Messenger to the idolaters to whom you had announced a com- mitment that Islam would triumph in Arabia.9:1 See also Vindication: Barak a t: blessings See also Ni‘mat: all ¬ belongs to Allah, Blessed is He in Whose hand is the Kingdom, … 67:2 Allah sent down ¬ , And if the people of those towns had believed and been righteous, We would have surely opened for them blessings from heaven and earth; … 7:97 invoke ¬ on entering house, … when you enter houses, salute your people with the greeting of peace-a greeting from your Lord, full of blessing and purity… 24:62

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~ 113 ~ of Holy Places, Glory be to Him Who car- ried His servant by night from the Sacred Mosque to the Distant Mosque, the environs of which We have blessed, … 17:2 on earth, And We send down from the clouds water which is full of blessings, and We produce therewith gardens and crops, 50:10 on Prophets, Allah sends down His blessings on the Prophet and His angels pray for him.O ye who believe, you too should invoke His blessings on him and salute him with the salutation of peace.33:57 Bargain: See also Bai‘: on judgment day, O ye who believe! spend out of what We have be- stowed on you before the day comes wherein there shall be no buying and sell- ing, … 2:255 See also Believers: with Allah, O ye who believe! shall I point out to you a com- merce which will deliver you from a painful punish- ment? 61:11 Barren: Or, He mixes them, males and females; and He makes whom He pleases barren… 42:51 woman, He said, 'My Lord, how shall I have a son, when old

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~ 114 ~ age has overtaken me al- ready, and my wife is bar- ren?' … 3:41 earth, And thou seest the earth lifeless, but when We send down water thereon it stirs and swells and grows every kind of beauteous vegeta- tion.… 22:6 Barrier: Barzakh as a punish- ment for the guilty, On the day when they see the angels-there will be no good tidings on that day for the guilty; and they will cry in distress, 'Would that there were a strong barrier! ' 25:23 as veil, And when thou recitest the Qur' a n, We put between thee and those who believe not in the Hereafter an in- visible veil; 17:46 between two seas, And He it is Who has caused the two seas to flow, this pal- atable and sweet, and that salt and bitter; and between them He has placed a barrier and an insurmountable partition.25:54 no return possible from ¬ , 'That I may do righteous deeds in the life that I have left behind.' That cannot be! It is only a word that he utters.And behind them is a barrier until the day when they shall be raised again.23:101

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~ 115 ~ partition between Heaven and Hell, And between the two there shall be a partition, and on the Elevated Places in heaven there shall be men who will know all by their marks… 7:47 set in front and behind disbeliev- ers, And We have set a barrier before them and a barrier behind them, and have cov- ered them over, so that they cannot see.36:10 wall of Derbent, They said, 'O Dhul- Qarnain, verily, Gog and Magog are creating disor- der in the earth; shall we then pay thee tribute on condition that thou set up a barrier between us and them?' 18:95 Barter: These are they who have bar- tered away guidance for er- ror; but their traffic has brought them no gain, nor are they rightly guided.2:17 They have bartered the Signs of Allah for a paltry price and have turned men away from His way.Evil indeed is that which they do.9:9 Barzakh: See Barrier: Bashr: mortal, The Jews and the Chris- tians say, 'We are sons of Allah and His beloved ones.' Say, 'Why then does He punish you for your sins? Nay, you are mortals from among those He has created.' … 5:19

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~ 116 ~ See also: Ins a n: allegation : Prophets are mere ¬ , … 'Is this man aught but a mortal like yourselves? Will you then yield to his sorcery with your eyes open?' 21:4 allegation : Holy Prophet sa taught by ¬ , And indeed We know that they say that it is only a man who teaches him… 16:104 created from clay, And of His Signs is that He created you from dust; then, behold, you are men spreading over the earth.30:21 Holy Prophet sa a ¬ Messen- ger, … and we will not believe in thy ascension until thou send down to us a Book that we can read.' Say, 'Holy is my Lord! I am but a mortal sent as a Messen- ger.' 17:94 Joseph is not ¬ , And when they saw him they found him to be a per- son of great dignity and in their amazement cut their hands, and said, 'Allah be glorified! This is not a hu- man being; this is but a no- ble angel.' 12:32 Beard: A aron answered, ' Son of my mother, seize me not by my beard, nor by the hair of my head.… 20:95 Beauty: in O children of Adam! take your adornment at every time and place of worship, … 7:32

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~ 117 ~ physical world , Whoso desires the present life and its adornment, We will fully repay them for their works in this life and they shall not be wronged therein.11:16 Wealth and children are or- naments of the life of this world.18:47 We have adorned the low- est heaven with an adorn- ment-the planets; 37:7 display not your ¬ except…, And say to the believing women that they restrain their looks and guard their private parts, and that they display not their beauty or their embellishment except that which is apparent thereof, … 24:32 Beduin: See A‘r a b: Bee: Na h l , And thy Lord revealed to the bee: 'Make thou houses in the hills and in the trees and in the trellises which they build, 16:69 Begging: … The ignorant man imagi- nes them to be free from want because of their ab- staining from begging.Thou shalt know them by their appearance; they do not beg of men with impor- tunity… 2:274

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~ 118 ~ Belief: I m a n , firm faith, Say, 'This is my way; I call unto Allah standing on sure knowledge, —I and those who follow me… 12:109 conceal- ment of ¬ , kitm a n, And a believing man from among the people of Phar- aoh, who kept hidden his faith, said, "Will you slay a man because he says, 'My Lord is Allah,' while he has also brought you clear proofs from your Lord? … 40:29 Whoso disbelieves in Allah after he has believed-save him who is forced to make a declaration of disbelief while his heart finds peace in faith – but such as open their breasts to disbelief, on them is Allah's wrath; … 16:107 increase in ¬ , Those to whom men said, 'People have mustered against you, therefore fear them,' but this only in- creased their faith and they said, 'Sufficient for us is Allah, and an excellent Guardian is He.' … 3:174

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~ 119 ~ of a righteous It is not righteousness that you turn your faces to the East or the West, but truly righteous is he who be- lieves in Allah and the Last Day and the angels and the Book and the Prophets, and spends his money out of love for Him, on the kin- dred and the orphans and the needy and the wayfarer and those who ask for char- ity, and for ransoming the captives; and observes Prayer and pays the Zakat; and those who fulfill their promise when they have made one, and the patient in poverty and afflictions and the steadfast in time of war; it is these who have proved truthful and it is these who are truly God-fearing.2:178 recanta- tion of ¬ , See Apostate: relations not above ¬ , O ye who believe! take not your fathers and your broth- ers for friends if they prefer disbelief to faith.And whoso of you takes them for friends, such are the wrongdoers.9:23 those who have no ¬ , Surely, those who disbelieve in Allah and His Messengers and seek to make a distinc- tion between Allah and His Messengers, and say, 'We be- lieve in some and disbelieve

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~ 120 ~ in others,' and seek to take a way in between; 4:151 These really are the disbe- lievers, and We have pre- pared for the disbelievers an humiliating punishment.4:152 Believers: Mu ’ min See also Allah: friend of ¬ , Allah’s help for ¬ , Do you think that you will enter Heaven while there has not come to you the like of that which came to those who passed away before you? Poverty and afflic- tions befell them and they were violently shaken until the Messenger and those who believed along with him said, 'When will the help of Allah come?' Yea, surely the help of Allah is nigh.2:215 are brothers, … He united your hearts in love' so that by His grace you became as brothers; and you were on the brink of a pit of fire and He saved you from it… 3:104 But if they repent, and ob- serve Prayer and pay the Zakat, then they are your brethren in Faith… 9:11 Call them after their fa- thers.That is more equita- ble in the sight of Allah.But if you know not their fathers, then they are your

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~ 121 ~ brothers in Faith and your friends.33:6 Surely, all believers are brothers… 49:11 believe in Allah, Angels, See Belief: do not force others to become ¬ , See Apostate: Compulsion: can overcome disbeliev- ers, … If there be of you twenty who are steadfast, they shall overcome two hundred; and if there be a hundred of you, they shall overcome a thou- sand of those who disbelieve, … 8:66 do not take dis- believers for friends, Let not the believers take dis- believers for friends in prefer- ence to believers-and who- ever does that has no connec- tion with Allah-except that you guard yourselves fully against them… 3:29 O ye who believe! take not your fathers and your broth- ers for friends if they prefer disbelief to faith….9:23 fear Allah, And whoso obeys Allah and His Messenger, and fears Allah, and takes Him as a shield for protection, it is they who will be success- ful.24:53

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~ 122 ~ killing of a ¬ , It does not behove a be- liever to slay a believer un- less it be by mistake.… 4:93 only are success- ful, Successful indeed are the believers, 23:2 … Certainly, the disbeliev- ers do not prosper… 23:118 trust in Allah, See Tawakkul ‘Alall a h: who are patient, See Patience: who enjoin good, You are the best people, raised for the good of man- kind, you enjoin good and forbid evil, … 3:111 who seek for- giveness See Forgiveness: who strive for Allah, Surely, Allah has purchased of the believers their persons and their property in return for the heavenly Garden they shall have; they fight in the cause of Allah, and they slay and are slain… 9:111 See also Jih a d: Benefit: Profit, mata‘ , …And their friends from among men will say, 'Our Lord! we profited from one another, but now we have reached our term which Thou didst appoint for us.'...6:129 'Eat and enjoy yourselves for a little while in this world, O rejectors of Truth,

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~ 123 ~ surely, you are the guilty ones.' 77:47 … And allowed to you are those beyond that, that you seek them by means of your property, marrying them properly and not commit- ting fornication.And for the benefit you receive from them, give them their dowries, as fixed, … 4:25 Nay, We provided those and their fathers with the good things of this world till life grew long for them … 21:45 Even as those before you— they were mightier than you in power and had more wealth and children.They enjoyed their lot for a time, so have you enjoyed your lot as those before you en- joyed their lot.And you in- dulged in idle talk as they indulged in idle talk.It is they whose works shall be of no avail in this world and the Hereafter.And it is they who are the losers.9:69 Bequests: Wa s iyyah enjoined, It is prescribed for you, when death comes to any one of you, if he leave much wealth, that he make a will to parents and near relatives to act with fairness.This is an obligation on those who fear God.2:181

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~ 124 ~ And those of you who die and leave behind wives shall bequeath to their wives provision for a year without their being turned out… 2:241 Bible: the, abroga- tion of ¬ by the Holy Qur’ a n, Whatever message We ab- rogate or cause to be for- gotten, We bring one better than that or the like thereof … 2:107 interpola- tion in ¬ , Woe, therefore, to those who write the Book with their own hands and then say, 'This is from Allah,'… 2:80 There are some among the Jews who pervert words from their proper places….4:47 prophe- cies about Islam in ¬ , ' Those who follow the Messenger, the Prophet, the Umm i whom they find mentioned in the Torah and the Gospel which are with them… 7:158 … This is their description in the Torah.And their de- scription in the Gospel is like unto a seed-produce that sends forth its sprout, then makes it strong; it then becomes stout, and stands firm on its stem, delighting the sowers … 48:30

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~ 125 ~ Bid ‘ ah: Innova- tion, Say, 'I am no innovation among Messengers, nor do I know what will be done with me or with you.I only follow what is revealed to me; and I am but a plain Warner.' 46:10 Bilq i s: …and I have come to thee from Saba ’ with sure tid- ings; 'I found a woman ruling over them, and she has been given every neces- sary thing and she has a mighty throne;… 27:23-24 Biology: creation of life, birth, Allah is He Who created you in a state of weakness, and after weakness gave y ou strength; then, after strength, caused weakness and old age.… 30:55 creation, We have indeed created you from dust, then from a sperm-drop, then from clot- ted blood, then from a lump of flesh, partly formed and partly unformed, in order that We make Our power manifest to you.And We cause what We will to re- main in the wombs for an appointed term; then We bring you forth as babes; then We rear you that you may attain to your age of full strength.And there are some of you who are caused to die in the normal course, and there are others among you who are kept

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~ 126 ~ back till the worst part of life with the result that they know nothing after having had knowledge.And thou seest the earth lifeless, but when We send down water thereon it stirs and swells and grows every kind of beauteous vegetation.22:6 develop- ment, He created you from a sin- gle being; then from that He made its mate; and He has sent down for you of the cattle eight pairs.He creates you in the wombs of your mothers, creation after creation, through three stages of darkness… 39:7 birth, miracle of His mother bears him with pain, and brings him forth with pain, and the bearing of him and his weaning takes thirty months till, when he at- tains his full maturity and reaches the age of forty years, he says, 'My Lord, grant me that I may be grateful for Thy favour which Thou hast be- stowed upon me and upon my parents, and I may do such righteous deeds as may please Thee.And establish righteousness among my progeny for me… 46:16 See also Science: Birds: as Allah ’ s signs, Do they not observe the birds held under subjection in the vault of heaven?

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~ 127 ~ None keeps them back save Allah… 16:80 asked to sing praises of Allah, And We subjected the mountains and the birds to David to celebrate God's praises with him… 21:80 Des- troyed A sha bal- F i l, And He sent against them swarms of birds, Which ate their dead bodies, striking them against stones of clay 105:4-5 Jesus’ creation of ¬ out of clay, … ' I come to you with a Sign from your Lord, which is, that I will fashion out for you a creation out of clay after the manner of a bird; then I will breathe into it a new spirit and it will be- come a soaring being by the command of Allah; … 3:50 Solomon taught the lingua of ¬ , And Solomon was heir to David.And he said, 'O ye people, we have been taught the language of birds, … 27:17 Birth: O ye people! fear your Lord who created you from a sin- gle soul and of its kind cre- ated its mate, and from them twain spread many men and women; … 4:2 Birth Control: … and that you slay not your children for fear of poverty-it is We Who pro- vide for you and for them … 6:152 Bismill a h: "It is from Solomon, and it is: 'In the name of Allah,

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~ 128 ~ the Gracious, the Merciful; 27:31 Black: colour in nature, … and in the mountains are streaks white and red, of di- verse hues, and others ra- ven black? 35:28 faces ¬ on that day, On the day when some faces shall be white, and some faces shall be black.As for those whose faces will be black, it will be said to them: 'Did you disbe- lieve after believing? Taste, then, the punishment be- cause you disbelieved.' 3:107 conditions in Hell, They will be in the scorch- ing winds and water, midst of scalding And under the shadow of pitch black smoke; Neither cool nor whole- some.56:43-45 Blas- phemy: to revile, defame, Verily, those who malign Allah and His Messenger, Allah has cursed them in this world and in the Here- after, and has prepared for them an abasing punish- ment.33:58 And follow not the disbe- lievers and the hypocrites, and overlook their annoy- ing talk and put thy trust in Allah; 33:49 And abuse not those whom they call upon besides Allah, lest they, out of spite, abuse

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~ 129 ~ Allah in their ignorance.6:109 Blessings: See Barak a t: Blood: Dam , We provide for you drink out of that which is in their bellies—from betwixt the faeces and the blood—milk pure and pleasant for those who drink it.16:67 forbid- den, He has made unlawful for you only that which dies of itself and blood and the flesh of swine and that on which the name of any other than Allah has been invoked.16:116 man born out of congealed ¬ , Created man from a clot of blood.96:3 neither flesh nor ¬ reaches Allah, Their flesh reaches not Allah, nor does their blood, but it is your righteousness that reaches Him.22:38 who shed ¬ , And remember when We took a covenant from you: 'You shall not shed each other's blood nor turn your people out of your homes,' 2:85

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~ 130 ~ Blood Money: And he who slays a believer by mistake shall free a believ- ing slave, and pay blood money to be handed over to his heirs, unless they remit it as charity.But if the person slain be of a people hostile to you, and he is a believer, then the penalty is only the freeing of a believing slave, and if he be of a people between whom and you is a pact, then the penalty is blood-money to be handed over to his heirs, and the freeing of a believing slave… 4:93 See also Qi sas : Blind: cannot guide those who choose to be ¬ , Nor canst thou guide the blind out of their error.Thou canst make only those to hear who would believe in Our Signs and submit.30:54 in the Hereafter But whoso is blind in this world shall be blind in the Hereafter, and even more astray from the way.17:73 Jesus healed the ¬ , … and I will heal the night- blind and the leprous, and I will quicken the dead, by the command of Allah; … 3:50 of heart, … For, surely, it is not the eyes that are blind, but blind are the hearts which are in the breasts.22:47

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~ 131 ~ seeing and ¬ not equal, The case of the two parties is like that of the blind and the deaf, and the seeing and the hearing.Is the case of the two alike? … 11:25 spiritually ¬ , It is these whom Allah has cursed, so that He has made them deaf and has made their eyes blind.47:24 Boaster: 'And turn not thy cheek away from men in scorn, nor walk in the earth haughtily; surely, Allah loves not any arrogant boaster; 31:19 Boat: So they both set out till, when they embarked in a boat, he made a hole in it.Moses said, 'Hast thou made a hole in it to drown those who are in it? Surely, thou hast done a grievous thing.' 18:72 Bond- man: See Slavery: Bond- woman:

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~ 132 ~ marriage with ¬ , And whoso of you cannot af- ford to marry free believing women, let him marry what your right hands possess, namely, your believing hand- maids.And Allah knows your faith best; you are all one from another; so marry them with the leave of their masters and give them their dowries according to what is fair, they being chaste, not committing fornication, nor taking secret paramours.And if, after they are married, they are guilty of lewdness, they shall have half the punish- ment prescribed for free mar- ried women… 4:26 care and emanci- pation of ¬ , And such as desire a deed of manumission in writing from among those whom your right hands possess, write it for them if you know any good in them; and give them out of the wealth of Allah which He has bestowed upon you.And force not your maids into unchaste life by keep- ing them unmarried if they desire to keep chaste, in or- der that you may seek the gain of the present life… 24:34

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~ 133 ~ Bones: Then We fashioned the sperm into a clot; then We fashioned the clot into a shapeless lump; then We fashioned bones out of this shapeless lump; then We clothed the bones with flesh; then We developed it into an- other creation… 23:15 resurrec- tion after ¬ are turned to dust, And they were wont to say, 'What! when we are dead and have become dust and bones, shall we, indeed, be raised again, 56:48 have become feeble, He said, 'My Lord, my bones have indeed become feeble and my head is all aflame with hoariness but never, my Lord, have I been unblessed in my prayer to Thee; 19:5 Book: Kit a b See also Qur’ a n: Ummul- Kit a b , of deeds, And every man's works have We fastened to his neck; and on the Day of Resurrection We shall bring out for him a book which he will find wide open.17:14 Kit a bul- H af iz , We know how much the earth diminishes of them and how much it adds to them, and with Us is a Book that preserves every- thing.50:5 Kit a bul- Makn u n, This is, indeed, a noble Qur' a n, In a well-preserved Book, 56:78-79

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~ 134 ~ Kit a bul- Mas tu r, And by the Book inscribed.On parchment unfolded; 52:3-4 Kit a bul- Mub i n, … Not an atom's weight in the heavens or in the earth or anything less than that or greater escapes Him, but all is recorded in a perspicuous Book, 34:4 repository of human actions and thoughts, Allah records whatever they scheme by night.So turn away from them, and put thy trust in Allah.4:82 repository of Divine laws and decrees, There befalls not any ca- lamity either in the earth or in your own persons, but it is recorded in a Book be- fore We bring it into Being, … 57:23 revelation sent through Messen- gers, And We have revealed unto thee the Book comprising the truth and fulfilling that which was revealed before it in the Book, and as a guardian over it… 5:49 written docu- ment, 'Go thou, with this letter of mine, and lay it before them; then withdraw from them and see what answer they return.' 27:29 Booty: See Spoils: Bounds: trans- gressions, Certainly, Allah guides not one who exceeds the bounds and is a great liar;' 40:29

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~ 135 ~ Bounty: Allah be- stows His ¬ , Satan threatens you with poverty and enjoins upon you what is foul, whereas Allah promises you for- giveness from Himself and bounty.And Allah is Boun- tiful, All-Knowing.2:269 And they cherished enmity against believers only be- cause Allah and His Mes- senger had enriched them out of His bounty.9:74 in the Hereafter 'Who has, out of His bounty, settled us in the Abode of Eternity, where no toil will touch us, nor any sense of weariness af- fect us therein.' 35:36 seek Allah’s ¬ , And when the Prayer is fin- ished, then disperse in the land and seek of Allah's grace, and remember Allah much that you may prosper.62:11 Bracelets of gold ….: They will be adorned therein with bracelets of gold and with pearls; and their raiment therein will be of silk.22:24 See also Ornaments: Breast: So, whomsoever Allah in- tends to guide, He expands his bosom for the ac- ceptance of Islam; and whomsoever He intends that he should go astray, He makes his bosom narrow and close, as though he

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~ 136 ~ were mounting up into the skies… 6:126 Bribery: And do not devour your property among yourselves by false means and offer it not as bribe to the authori- ties that you may devour a part of the wealth of other people wrongfully while you know.2:189 Brocade: It is these who will have Gardens of Eternity under- neath which streams shall flow.They will be adorned therein with bracelets of gold and will wear green garments of fine silk and heavy brocade,… 18:32 Brother: See also Believers: are ¬ s , backbit- ing, O ye who believe! avoid much suspicion; for suspi- cion in some cases is a sin.And spy not on one an- other, neither backbite one another.Would any of you like to eat the flesh of his dead brother? Certainly, you would loathe it… 49:13 inher- itance of a ¬ , And if the heirs be breth- ren-both men and women- then the male shall have as much as the portion of two females… 4:177 Burden: no ¬ greater than ones capacity, Allah burdens not any soul beyond its capacity.2:287

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~ 137 ~ for each his own ¬ , … And no soul earns evil but only against itself; nor does any bearer of burden bear the burden of an- other… 6:165 earth throws up its ¬ , When the earth is shaken with her violent shaking, And the earth throws up her burdens, 99:2-3 Burh a n: See Arguments and Rea- soning: Burial: Then in due course He causes him to die and as- signs a grave to him; 80:22 See also Abel: Burnt Of- fering: Those who say, 'Allah has charged us not to believe in any Messenger until he brings us an offering which fire devours.' Say, 'There have already come to you Messengers before me with clear Signs and with that which you ask for.Why, then, did you seek to slay them, if you are truthful?' 3:184 Byzan- tines: The Romans have been de- feated.30:3 In the land nearby, and they, after their defeat, will be victorious 30:4

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~ 138 ~ C Cain & Abel: See Abel: Calami- ties: ‘ Adh a b , And if even a breath of thy Lord's punishment touch them, they will surely cry out, 'Woe to us! we were indeed wrongdoers.' 21:47 drought, And We afflicted Pharaoh's people with years of drought and scarcity of fruits, that they might take heed.7:131 due rejection of signs They have incurred the wrath of Allah, and have been smitten with wretched-ness.That is be- cause they rejected the Signs of Allah and sought to slay the Prophets un- justly.That is because they rebelled and used to trans- gress.3:113 due to be- lief in Trinity, They surely disbelieve who say, 'Allah is the third of three;' there is no god but the One God.And if they do not desist from what they say, a grievous punish- ment shall surely befall those of them that disbe- lieve.5:74 earth- quakes, So the earthquake seized them and in their homes they lay prostrate upon the ground; 7:92

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~ 139 ~ foretold, There is not a township but We shall destroy it before the Day of Resurrection, or punish it with a severe pun- ishment.That is written down in the Book.17:59 law of God about ¬ , The Messengers are sent b ecause thy Lord would not destroy the towns unjustly while their people were un- warned.6:132 thunder- bolt, S ai h ah, And punishment overtook those who had done wrong, and they lay prostrate in their houses, 11:68 punish- ment in the Hereafter … And, surely, the punish- ment of the Hereafter is greater.Did they but know! 68:34 rain and drowning So We took vengeance upon them and drowned them in the sea, because they treated Our Signs as lies and were heedless of them.7:137 saved believers from ¬ , And when Our command came, We saved H u d and those who believed with him, by Our special mercy.And We saved them from a severe torment.11:59 wind and storm, S ai h ah, We sent against them a fu- rious wind on a day of un- ending ill-luck, 54:20 Tearing people away as though they were the hol- low trunks of uprooted palm-trees.54:21

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~ 140 ~ How terrible, then, was My punishment and how true My warning! 54:22 Calendar: He causes the break of day and He made the night for rest and the sun and the moon for the reckoning of time.6:97 Calf: Heifer, Cow, took ¬ for worship, And when Moses said to his people, 'O my people, you have indeed wronged your-selves by taking the calf for worship; turn ye therefore to your Maker, and kill your evil desires; that is best for you in the sight of your Maker…' 2:55 laden with orna- ments, And the people of Moses made, in his absence, out of their ornaments, a calf—a life-less body, producing a lowing sound… 7:149 Caliph : Khalifah , promised Khil a fah, Allah has promised to those among you who believe and do good works that He will, surely, make them Succes- sors in the earth, as He made Successors from among those who were be- fore them; and that He will, surely, establish for them their religion which He has chosen for them; and that He will, surely, give them

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~ 141 ~ in exchange security and peace after their fear; … 24:56 Calumny: Buht a n , And those, who malign be- lieving men and believing women for what they have not earned, shall bear the guilt of a calumny and a manifest sin.33:59 Camel: Ibil , ponder over crea- tion of ¬ , Do they not then look at the camels, how they are cre- ated? 88:18 replace- ment with modern systems, And when the she-camels, ten month pregnant are abandoned, 81:5 Sa li h ’ s as ¬ , Then the Messenger of Allah said, 'Leave alone the she- camel of Allah and obstruct not her drink.' 91:14 But they called him a liar and hamstrung her, so their Lord destroyed them com- pletely because of their sin, … 91:15 transpor- tation for pilgrim- age, 'And proclaim unto men the Pilgrimage.They will come to thee on foot, and on every lean camel, coming by every distant, deep track, 22:28 Camphor: K a f u r , But the virtuous shall drink of a cup, tempered with camphor 76:6 Canals: See Sea:

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~ 142 ~ Canopy: And We have made the heaven a roof, well-pro- tected, yet they turn away from its Signs.21:33 Captives: A s i r , It does not behove a Prophet that he should have captives until he engages in a regu- lar fighting in the land.If y ou take captives except in regular fighting you will be regarded as desiring the goods of the world, … 8:68 Carpet: Reclining on green cush- ions and beautiful carpets.55:77 Carrion: Maitah , He has made unlawful to you only that which dies of itself, and blood and the flesh of swine, and that on which the name of any other than Allah has been invoked… 2:174 Cattle: A n ‘ a m , sinners are like ¬ , … while those who disbe- lieve enjoy themselves and eat even as the cattle eat, … 47:13 created for man’s benefit, And in the cattle also there is a lesson for you.We give you to drink of that which is in their bellies and you have in them many other benefits, and of the flesh of some of them you also eat; 23:22 And on them and on ships you are borne.23:23 Celibacy: See Abstinence:

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~ 143 ~ Cer- tainty: Yaq i n , Nay! if you only knew with certain knowledge; 102:6 You will, surely, see Hell in this very life.102:7 Aye, you will, surely, see it with the eye of certainty Hereafter.102:8 Chains: When the iron-collars will be round their necks, and chains too.And they will be dragged 40:72 Chal- lenge: produce a book like Qur’ a n, Say, 'If men and jinn should gather together to produce the like of this Qur' a n, they could not produce the like thereof, even though they should help one another.' 17:89 And if you are in doubt as to what We have sent down to Our servant, then pro- duce a chapter like it, and call upon your helpers be- side Allah, if you are truth- ful.2:24 Do they say, 'He has forged it?' Say, 'Bring then a Surah like unto it, and call for help on all you can, 10:39 Charity: See Alms: Chastise- ment: See Calamities: Chastity: Successful indeed are the believers , 23:2 … who guard their chastity.23:6 See also Moral Traits:

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~ 144 ~ example of ¬ , And sets forth as an exam- ple Mary, the daughter of ‘Imr a n, who guarded her chastity … 66:13 Cheating: do not devour others property, O ye who believe! devour not your property among yourselves by unlawful means, except that y ou earn by trade with mutual con- sent.… 4:30 do not short- change, Woe unto those who give short measure; 83:2 See also Moral Traits: Children: are a trial, And know that your posses- sions and your children are but a trial 8:29 be kind to parents, Thy Lord has commanded, that ye worship none but Him, and that ye show kindness to parents.17:24 do not slay your ¬ , Losers indeed are they who slay their children foolishly for lack of knowledge, … 6:141 prayers for your ¬ , 'Our Lord, grant us of our wives and children the de- light of our eyes, and make us a model for the right- eous.' 25:75 ' My Lord, grant me from Thyself pure offspring; surely, Thou art the Hearer of prayer.' 3:39 shall not avail, And it is not your wealth nor your children that will bring you near Us in rank

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~ 145 ~ but those, who believe and do good works, … 34:38 should not cause diversion from remem- brance, O ye who believe! let not your wealth and your chil- dren divert you from the re- membrance of Allah… 63:10 Children of Adam: 'Did I not enjoin on you, O ye sons of Adam, that you worship not Satan… 36:61 O children of Adam, We have indeed sent down to you raiment to cover your nakedness… 7:27 O children of Adam! take your adornment at every time and place of worship, and eat and drink, but be not immoderate; … 7:32 O children of Adam, if Messengers come to you from among yourselves, re- hearsing My Signs unto you, then whoso shall fear God and do good deeds, on them shall come no fear nor shall they grieve.7:36 Children of Israel: See Ban i Isr a ’ i l: Christ: See Jesus: Chris- tians & Christ- ianity: Surely, those who believe and the Jews and the Chris- tians and the Sabians whichever party from among these truly believes in Allah and the Last Day and does good deeds, shall

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~ 146 ~ have their reward with their Lord, … 2:63 And from those also who say, 'We are Christians,' We took a covenant, but they too have forgotten a good part of that with which they were exhorted.So We have caused enmity and hatred among them till the Day of Resurrection… 5:15 The Jews and the Christians say, 'We are sons of Allah and His beloved ones.' Say, 'Why then does He punish you for your sins? Nay, you are mortals from among those He has created…' 5:19 O ye who believe! take not the Jews and the Christians for friends… 5:52 … And thou shalt assuredly find those who say, 'We are Christians,' to be the nearest of them in friendship to the believers.That is because amongst them are savants and monks and because they are not arrogant… 5:83 … and the Christians say, 'the Messiah is the son of Allah;' that is what they say with their mouths … 9:30 Churches See Biya‘u: Circum- ambu- late : 'Then let them accomplish their needful acts of cleans- ing, and fulfill their vows, and go round the Ancient House.' 22:30

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~ 147 ~ City: Ummul - Qur a , And this is a Book which We have revealed, full of blessings, to fulfill that which preceded it, and to enable thee to warn the Mother of towns and those around her….6:93 Destroy- ed as pun- ishment, How many a town have We destroyed! And Our punish- ment came upon it by night or while they slept at noon.7:5 not de- stroyed unjustly, And never did We destroy any township but it had its Warners.26:209 Civiliza- tions, Past: Have they not travelled in the earth so that they might see how evil was the end of those who were before them? They were stronger than these in power, and they tilled the soil and pop- ulated it more and better than these have populated it.And their Messengers came to them with manifest Signs… 30:10 Clay: Ti n , Sijj i l , Who has made perfect eve- rything He has created.And He began the creation of man from clay; 32:8 ringing ¬ , S al sa l , And, surely, We created man of dry ringing clay, of black mud wrought into shape.15:27 Cleanli- ness: See Moral Traits:

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~ 148 ~ Clergy: See Monasticism: Clot: Then became a clot, then A llah gave him shape and perfected him.75:39 Cloud: Sa ha b , ‘ A ri d , Gham a m , It is Allah Who sends the winds so that they raise the vapours in the form of a cloud.Then He spreads it in the sky as He pleases, and then He spreads it into frag- ments, and thou seest the rain issuing forth from its midst… 30:49 Colours: … and We bring forth therewith fruits of different colours; and in the moun- tains are streaks white and red, of diverse hues, and others raven black? 35:28 Columns: ‘ im a d , The tribe of Iram, posses- sors of lofty buildings? 89:8 In outstretched columns.104:10 Combat: See War: Com- merce: See Trade: Commu- nity: See Society: Compan- ions of the Cave: A sha bul- Kahf , Dost thou think that the Companions of the Cave and the Inscription were a wonder among Our Signs? 18:10

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~ 149 ~ Compan- ions of the Holy Prophet sa Muhammad is the Messen- ger of Allah.And those who are with him are hard against the disbelievers but tender among themselves.Thou seest them bowing and prostrating themselves in Prayer, seeking Allah's grace and pleasure.Their marks are upon their faces, being the traces of prostra- tions.This is their descrip- tion in the Torah.And their description in the Gospel is like unto a seed-produce that sends forth its sprout, then makes it strong; it then becomes stout, and stands firm on its stem, delighting the sowers-that He may cause the disbelievers to boil with rage at the sight of them… 48:30 Those who believe and those who emigrate and strive hard in the cause of Allah, it is these who hope for Allah's mercy;… 2:219 Those who believed and left their homes f or the sake of God and strove in the cause of Allah with their wealth and their lives have the highest rank in the sight of Allah.And it is they who shall triumph.9:20 See also Ab u Bakr ra : Holy Prophet sa :

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~ 150 ~ are true believers, O Prophet! strive hard against the disbelievers and the Hypocrites.And be firm against them… 9:73 If the Hypocrites and those in whose hearts is a disease and those who cause agita- tion in the City by spread- ing false rumours, desist not, We shall, surely, urge thee on against them; then they will not dwell therein as thy neighbours save for a little while.33:61 Surely, Allah was well— pleased with the believers when they were swearing allegiance to thee under the Tree,….48:19 Compel: See Compulsion in Faith: Compro- mise: 'For you your religion, and for me my religion.' 109:7 They wish that thou shouldst compromise so that they may also compro- mise.68:10 Say, 'O People of the Book! come to a word equal be- tween us and you—that we worship none but Allah, and that we associate no partner with Him, … 3:65 Compul- sion in Faith: There is no compulsion in religion.Surely, the right way has become distinct from error; … 2:257

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~ 151 ~ Ikr a h fid-D i n , … For each of you We pre- scribed a clear spiritual Law and a manifest way in secular matters.And if Allah had en- forced His Will, He would have made you all one peo- ple, but He wishes to try you by that which He has given you… 5:49 And fight them until there is no persecuteion and reli- gion is wholly for Allah….8:40 And if any one of the idola- ters seeks pro-tection of thee, grant him protection so that he may hear the Word of Allah; then convey him to his place of secu- rity… 9:6 And if thy Lord had enforced His Will, surely, all who are in the earth would have be- lieved together.Wilt thou, then, force men to become believers? 10:100 And say, 'It is the truth from your Lord; wherefore let him who will, believe, and let him, who will, dis- believe…' 18:30 Those who have been driven out from their homes un- justly, only because they said, 'Our Lord is Allah.' And if Allah had not repelled some people by means of others, cloisters and churches and synagogues and mosques,

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~ 152 ~ wherein the name of Allah is oft remembered, would surely have been de- stroyed.22:41 Say, 'I ask of you no recom- pense for it, save that whoso chooses may take a way that leads to his Lord.25:58 We know best what they say; And thou art not to compel them in any way.So admonish, by means of the Qur' a n, him who fears My warning.50:46 We have shown him the way, whether he be grateful or ungrateful.76:4 Conceal- ment : kitm a n, do not confound hide truth, And confound not false- hood nor hide knowingly.2:43 Those to whom We have given the Book recognize it even as they recognize their sons, but surely, some of them hide the truth know- ingly.2:147 Those who hide what We have sent down of Signs and guidance after We have made it clear for the people in the Book, it is these whom Allah curses; 2:160 … And hide not testimony; and whoever hides it, his heart is certainly sinful… 2:284

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~ 153 ~ Whoso disbelieves in Allah after he has believed—save him who is forced to make a declaration of disbelief while his heart finds peace in faith – but such as open their breasts to disbelief, on them is Allah's wrath; … 16:107 Conceit: Mukht a l , 'And turn not thy cheek away from men in scorn, nor walk in the earth haughtily; surely, Allah loves not any arrogant boaster; 31:19 See also Belief: conceal- ment of, Concilia- tion: And if a woman fears ill treatment or indifference from her husband, it shall be no sin for them that they be suitably reconciled to each other; and reconcilia- tion is best.4:129 See also Reconciliation:...and making peace be- tween men… 2:225 Concubi- nage: & marriage, And whoso of you cannot afford to marry free believ- ing women, let him marry what your right hands pos- sess, namely, your believ- ing hand-maids.4:26 And arrange marriages for widows from among you, and for your male slaves and female slaves who are fit for marriage.If they be poor, Al- lah will grant them means out of His bounty;… 24:33

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~ 154 ~ And of His Signs is that He has created wives for you from among yourselves that you may find peace of mind in them, and He has put love and tenderness be- tween you.30:22 See also Marriage: Confer- ences: O ye who believe! when you confer together in pri- vate, confer not for the pur- pose of promoting sin and transgression and disobedi- ence to the Messenger, but confer for the purpose of promoting virtue and right- eousness,..58:10 Conjec- ture: Z ann , And for their saying, 'We did slay the Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary, the Messenger of Allah;' whereas they slew him not, nor did they bring about his death on the cross, but he was made to appear to them like one crucified; and those who differ therein are certainly in a state of doubt about it; they have no certain knowledge thereof, but only pursue a conjecture; and they did not arrive at a certainty concerning it.4:158 … Those who call on oth- ers than Allah do not really follow these associate- gods; they only follow con- jecture, and they only make guesses.10:67

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~ 155 ~ Conjugal Relation: Your wives are a sort of tilth for you; so approach your tilth when and as you like and send ahead some good for yourselves;.2:224 And the divorced women shall wait concerning them- selves for three courses; and it is not lawful for them that they conceal what Allah has created in their wombs, if they believe in Allah and the Last Day; and their husbands have the greater right to take them back during that period, provided they desire reconcil- iation.And they (the women) have rights similar to those (of men) over them in equity; but men have a degree of ad- vantage above them.2:229 Men are guardians over women because Allah has made some of them excel others, and because men spend on them of their wealth.So virtuous women are obedient, and guard the secrets of their husbands with Allah's protection.And as for those on whose part you fear disobedience, admonish them and keep away from them in their beds and chastise them.Then if they obey you, seek not a way against them..4:35

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~ 156 ~ And of His Signs is that He has created wives for you from among yourselves that you may find peace of mind in them, and He has put love and tenderness be- tween you… 30:22 Con- science: See Compulsion: Perse- cution: Consorts: See Wives of the Holy Prophet sa : Consulta- tion: Sh u r a … So pardon them and ask forgiveness for them, and consult them in matters of administration; and when thou art resolved, then put thy trust in Allah.3:160 And those, who hearken to their Lord, and observe Prayer, hand whose affairs are decided by mutual con- sultation, … 42:39 O ye who believe! when you consult the Messenger in private, give alms before your consultation….58:13 Con- tracts: … And hide not testimony; and whoever hides it, his heart is certainly sinful… 2:284 See also Covenants: Contribu- tions: Nafaqah , spending for Allah, O ye who believe! spend of the good things that you have earned, and of what We produce for you from the earth; and seek not what is bad that you may spend out of it when you would

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~ 157 ~ not take it yourselves ex- cept that you connive at it… 2:268 Who is it that will lend Allah a goodly loan that He may multiply it for him mani- fold? And Allah receives and enlarges,..2:246 You cannot attain to right- eousness unless you spend out of that which you love; and whatever you spend, Allah surely knows it well… 3:93 Conver- sion: Da ‘ wat See Preaching: Convey Message: But if they turn away, We have not sent thee as a guardian over them.Thy duty is only to convey the Message… 42:49 I deliver to you the mes- sages of my Lord and I am to you a sincere and faithful counsellor.7:69 Corah: Q a r u n , Verily, Korah was of the people of Moses, but he be- haved tyrannically towards them.And We had given him treasures of hoarded wealth so much that the keys thereof would have weighed down a party of strong men… 28:77 Corn: H abbah , Therewith He grows corn for you and the olive and the date-palm and the grapes and all manner of fruit… 16:12

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~ 158 ~ Corrup- tion: Corruption has spread on land and sea because of what men's hands have wrought, … 30:42 And with Pharaoh, lord of vast hosts, 89:11 Who committed excesses in the cities, 89:12 And wrought much corrup- tion therein? 89:13 Cosmol- ogy: Do not the disbelievers see that the heavens and the earth were a closed-up mass, then We opened them out?..21:31 Surely, Allah holds the heavens and the earth lest they deviate from their po- sitions.And if they did de- viate, none can hold them back but He….35:42 And We have built above you seven strong ones; And have made the sun a bright lamp.78:13-14 see also Science: Cove- nant: M i th a q, ‘ Ahad , with Abraham, I will make thee a leader of men.' Abraham asked, 'And from among my offspring?' God said, 'My covenant does not embrace the trans- gressors.' 2:125

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~ 159 ~ with Adam, And verily, We had made a covenant with Adam before- hand, but he forgot, and We found in him no resolve to disobey Us.20:116 with Allah, Who break the covenant of Allah after having estab- lished it, and cut asunder what Allah has bidden to be joined, and create disorder in the earth; it is these that are the losers.2:28 with believers, Verily, those who swear alle- giance to thee, indeed, swear allegiance to Allah.The hand of Allah is over their hands.So whoever breaks his oath, breaks it to his own loss; and whoever fulfils the covenant that he has made with Allah, He will, surely, give him a great reward.48:11 with Jews, So, because of their break- ing their covenant, We have cursed them and have hard- ened their hearts.They per- vert the words from their p roper places and have for- gotten a good part of that with which they were ex- horted….5:14 in marriage And how can you take it when one of you may have consorted with the other, and they (the women) have taken from you a strong covenant? 4:22

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~ 160 ~ with Prophets: M i th- a qun- Nabiyy i n, And call to mind when We took from the Prophets their covenant, and from thee, and from Noah and Abraham, and Moses and Jesus, son of Mary, and We, indeed, took from them a solemn covenant; 33:8 And remember the time when Allah took a covenant from the people through the Prophets, saying, 'Whatever I give you of the Book and Wisdom and then there comes to you a Messenger, fulfilling that which is with you, you shall believe in him and help him.' And He said, 'Do you agree, and do you accept the responsibil- ity which I lay upon you in this matter?' They said, 'We agree.' He said, 'Then bear witness and I am with you among the witnesses.' 3:82 Cradle: Mahd , bed, resting place, He , Who has made the earth for you a cradle and has made pathways for you therein, that you may follow the right way; … 43:11 And he shall speak to the people in the cradle and when of middle age, and he shall be of the righteous.3:47

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~ 161 ~ Create: Khalq , from clay, Verily, We created man from an extract of clay; 23:13 from dust, Surely, the case of Jesus with Allah is like the case of Adam.He created him out of dust, then He said to him, 'Be,' and he was.3:60 Creed: ‘ Aq i dah , Millah , Allah—there is no god save Him, the Living, the Self Subsisting and All-Sustain- ing.Slumber seizes Him not, nor sleep.To Him be- longs whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is in the earth.Who is he that dare intercede with Him save by His permission? He knows what is before them and what is behind them; and they encompass noth- ing of His knowledge ex- cept what He pleases.His knowledge extends over the heavens and the earth; and the care of them wearies Him not; and He is the High, the Great.2:256 And He is Allah; there is no god but He.To Him be- longs all praise in the be- ginning and the Hereafter.His is the dominion, and to Him shall you be brought back.28:71 Criteria: Furq a n , See Discrimination:

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~ 162 ~ Crooked: Who hinder men from the path of Allah and seek to make it crooked … 7:46 We have revealed the Qur' a n in Arabic wherein there is no deviation from rectitude, that they may be- come righteous.39:29 Crops: Do they not see that We drive the water to the dry land and produce thereby crops of which their cattle eat, and they themselves also? Will they not then see? 32:28 Cross: S al i b , Most surely will I cut off your hands and your feet on account of your disobedi- ence.Then will I surely crucify you all together.7:125 And for their saying, 'We did slay the Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary, the Messenger of Allah;' whereas they slew him not, nor did they bring about his death on the cross, but he was made to appear to them like one crucified; … 4:158 The only reward of those, who wage war against Allah and His Messenger and strive to create disorder in the land, is that they be slain or cruci- fied or their hands and feet be cut off on account of their en- mity, or they be expelled from the land… 5:34

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~ 163 ~ Crow: Ghur a b , Then Allah sent a raven which scratched in the ground, that He might show him how to hide the corpse of his brother… 5:32 Crucifix- ion: See Cross: Cucum- ber: And remember when you said, 'O Moses, surely, we will not remain content with one kind of food; pray, then, to thy Lord for us that He may bring forth for us of what the earth grows-of its herbs and its cucumbers and its wheat and its lentils and its onions …' 2:62 Cultiva- tion: See Agriculture: Curse : La ‘ nah , Mub a ha- lah, Now whoso disputes with thee concerning him, after what has come to thee of knowledge, say to him, 'Come, let us call our sons and your sons, and our women and your women, and our people and your people; then let us pray fervently and invoke the curse of Allah on those who lie.3:62 Say, 'O ye who are Jews, if you claim that you are the friends of Allah to the ex- clusion of all other peoples, then wish for death, if, in- deed, you are truthful.62:7

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~ 164 ~ on disbe- lievers, idolaters, wrong- doers, … yet when there came to them that which they knew to be the truth, they rejected it.The curse of Allah be on the disbelievers.2:90 on hypocrite It is these whom Allah has cursed, so that He has made them deaf and has made their eyes blind.47:24 on Ibl i s, And, surely, on thee shall be My curse till the Day of Judgment.' 38:79 on Israelites, Jews, So, because of their break- ing their covenant, We have cursed them and have hard- ened their hearts… 5:14 on, who calumni- ate the chaste, Verily, those, who calumni- ate chaste, unwary, believ- ing women, are cursed in this world and the Hereaf- ter.And for them is a grievous chastisement.24:24 On, who forge lies, … 'These are they who lied against their Lord.' Now, surely, the curse of Allah is on the wrongdoers, 11:19 who die disbeliev- ers Those who disbelieve and die while they are disbe- livers, on them shall be the curse of Allah and of angels and of men all together.2:162 Custo- dian: keeper, Holy Prophet sa And if Allah had enforced His Will, they would not

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~ 165 ~ as ¬ over you, have set up gods with Him.And We have not made thee a keeper over them, nor art thou over them a guardian.6:108 Customs of : Arabs, Allah has not ordained any 'Ba hi rah' or 'S a 'ibah' or 'Wa si lah' or ' Ha mi,' but those who disbelieve forge a lie against Allah,… 5:104 And they have assigned Allah a portion of the crops and cattle which He has produced, and they say, 'This is for Allah,' –so they assert—'and this is for our associate-gods…' 6:137 Surely, the postponement of a Sacred Month is an addi- tion to disbelief.Those who disbelieve are led astray thereby.They allow it one year and forbid it another year, that they may agree in the number of the months which Allah has made sa- cred, and thus may make lawful what Allah has for- bidden… 9:37 He hides himself from the people because of the bad news he has had.Shall he keep it in spite of disgrace or shall he bury it in the dust? … 16:60

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~ 166 ~ … nor has He made those of your wives from whom you keep away by calling them mothers, your moth- ers in fact, nor has He made those whom you adopt as sons, your sons in fact.These are merely the words of your mouths; … 33:5 Egyptians Then he produced for them a calf-a mere body which emitted a lowing sound.Then he and his compan- ions said, 'This is your god, and the god of Moses but he has forgotten it and left it behind.' 20:89 Cyrus: And they ask thee concern- ing Dhul-Qarnain.Say, ' I will recite to you something of his account.' 18:84

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~ 167 ~ D D a bba- tul-Ar d : crea- tures, beasts, And there is no creature that moves on the earth but it is for Allah to provide it with sustenance.And He knows its place of tempo- rary sojourn and its perma- nent dwelling….11:7 And when We decreed his (Solomon's) death, nothing indicated to them that he was dead save a worm of the earth that ate away his staff… 34:15 Dajj a l: Certainly, the creation of the heavens and the earth is greater than the creation of mankind; but most men know not.40:58 See also Gog & Magog : Da ll i n: astray, The path of those on whom Thou hast bestowed Thy fa- vours, those who have not incurred Thy displeasure and those who have not gone astray.1:7 And found thee lost in love for thy people and provided thee with guidance for them, 93:8 Dams: ‘ Arim , But they turned away; so We sent against them a devastating flood… 34:17 D a r: abode, home, And remember when We took a covenant from you: 'You shall not shed each other's blood nor turn your

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~ 168 ~ people out of your homes,' then you confirmed it; and you have been witness to it.2:85 ‘ A q i ba- tud-D a r , And those who persevere in seeking the favour of their Lord, and observe Prayer, and spend out of that with which We have provided them, secretly and openly, and repel evil with good.It is these who shall have the best reward of the final Abode.13:23 S u ’ ud- D a r , And those who break the covenant of Allah, after having established it and cut asunder what Allah has commanded to be joined, and act corruptly in the earth, on them is the curse of Allah and they shall have a grievous abode.13:26 Darkness: spiritual, Z ulum a t , Lail , Their case is like the case of a person who kindled a fire, and when it lighted up all around him, Allah took away their light and left them in thick darkness; they see not.2:18 D a rul- F a siq i n: abode of trans- gressors, 'So hold them fast and bid thy people follow the best thereof.Soon shall I show you the abode of the trans- gressors.' 7:146

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~ 169 ~ D a rul- Muq a ma h: abode of eternity, 'Who has, out of His bounty, settled us in the Abode of Eternity, where no toil will touch us, nor any sense of weariness af- fect us therein.' 35:36 D a rul- Mut- taq i n: abode of righteous And when it is said to the righteous, 'What think ye of that which your Lord has re- vealed?' they say, 'The best.' for those who do good there is good in this world, and the home of the Hereafter is even better.Excellent indeed is the abode of the righteous 16:31 D a rul- A khirah: abode of Hereafter Say, 'If the abode of the Hereafter with Allah is solely for you to the exclu- sion of all other people, then wish for death, if you are truthful.' 2:95 See also Afterlife: D a rul- Baw a r: abode of ruin, Dost thou not see those who changed Allah's fa- vour for ingratitude and landed their people into the abode of ruin 14:29 D a rul- Khuld: abiding home, That is the reward of the enemies of Allah-the Fire.For them there will be an abiding home therein as a requital because they per- sisted in denying Our Signs.41:29 D a rul- Qar a r: 'O my people, this life of the world is but a tempo- rary provision; and the

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~ 170 ~ perma- nent abode, Hereafter is certainly the permanent abode; 40:40 D a rus- Sal a m: abode of peace, And Allah calls to the abode of peace, and guides whom He pleases to the straight path.10:26 Date Palms: dates: And We have placed in it gardens of date-palms and grapes, and We have caused springs to gush forth therein, 36:35 birth pains drove Mary to trunk of ¬ , And the pains of child-birth drove her unto the trunk of a palm tree.She said, 'O, would that I had died before this and had become a thing quite forgotten!' 19:24 Date- Stone: Verily, it is Allah Who causes the grain and the date- stones to sprout… 6:96 Have they a share in the kingdom? Then they would not give men even so much as the little hollow in the back of a date-stone.4:54 Daugh- ters: O Prophet! tell thy wives and thy daughters, and the women of the believers, that they should pull down upon them of their outer cloaks from their heads over their faces… 33:60 … He bestows daughters upon whom He pleases and He bestows sons upon whom He pleases; 42:50

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~ 171 ~ Their father said to Moses 'I intend to marry to thee one of these two daughters of mine on condition that thou stay in my service for eight years… 28:28 attribute ¬ to Allah, … and they falsely ascribe to Him sons and daughters without any knowledge.Holy is He and exalted far above what they attribute to Him, 6:101 marriage with ¬ , Forbidden to you are your mothers, and your daugh- ters, and your sisters, and your fathers' sisters, and your mothers' sisters, and brother's daughters, and sis- ter's daughters, and your f oster mothers that have given you suck ,… 4:24 David: D a’u d as , favours of God on ¬ , So they routed them by the command of Allah, and Da- vid slew J a lut, and Allah gave him sovereignty and wisdom and taught him of what He pleased… 2:252 We exalted some of the Prophets over the others and to David We gave a Book.17:56 And We gave knowledge to David and Solomon, and they said, 'All praise be- longs to Allah, Who has ex- alted us above many of His believing servants.' 27:16

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~ 172 ~ Bear patiently what they say, and remember Our servant David, the man of might; surely he was al- ways turning to God.38:18 Israelites and ¬ , Those amongst the Israel who disbelieved were cursed by the tongue of Da- vid, and of Jesus, son of Mary.That was because they disobeyed and used to transgress.5:79 Da‘wah: invite, See Preaching: Dawn: …So you may now go in unto them and seek what Allah has ordained for you; and eat and drink until the white thread becomes dis- tinct to you from the black thread of the dawn.2:188 remem- ber Allah at ¬ , Observe Prayer from the declining and paling of the sun till the darkness of the night, and recite the Qur' a n at dawn.Verily, the recita- tion of the Qur' a n at dawn is specially acceptable to All a h.17:79 Day: measure of, And, verily, a day with thy Lord is sometimes as a thousand years of your reckoning.22:48 The angels and the Spirit ascend to Him in a day, the measure of which is fifty thousand years.70:5

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~ 173 ~ Day of Call for Help: Yaumut- Tan a d , 'And O my people, I fear for you the day when peo- ple will call one another f or help, 40:33 Day of Ap- pointed Time: Yaumul- Waqt , 'Will all be gathered to- gether unto the fixed time of an appointed day.56:51 Day of Decision: Yaumul- Fa s l , 'This is the Day of Deci- sion.We have gathered you and all the earlier peoples together; 77:39 Destruc- tive Day: Yaumul- Mu hit , I see you in a state of pros- perity and I fear for you the punishment of a destructive day; 11:85 Day of Eternity: Yaumul- Khuld , ' Enter ye therein in peace.This is the Day of Eternity.' 50:35 Day of People: Yaumul- A h z a b , And he who believed said, 'O my people, I fear for you something like the day of destruction of the great peoples of the past; 40:31 Day of Distinc- tion: Yau- mul-Fur- q a n , … if you believe in Allah and in what We sent down to Our servant on the Day of Distinction, —the day when the two armies met— … 8:42 Day of Distress: And when Our messengers came to Lot, he was grieved on their account and felt

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~ 174 ~ Yaumul- ‘ A si b , helpless for them and he said, 'This is a distressful day.' 11:78 Day of Festival: Yaumuz- Z i nah , Moses said, your appoint- ment shall be the day of the festival and let the people be assembled when the sun is risen high.' 20:60 Day of Gather- ing: Yaumul- Jam ‘, … that thou mayest warn them of the Day of Gather- ing, whereof there is no doubt; when a party will be in the Garden and a party in the blazing Fire.42:8 Day of Gloom: Yaumu z - Z ullah , So they rejected him.Then the punishment of the day of overshadowing gloom overtook them….26:190 Day of Graves: Yaumul- Khur u j , The day when they will hear the inevitable blast; that will be the day of com- ing forth from the graves.50:43 Hard Day: Yaumun ‘ Asir , The true Kingdom on that day shall belong to the Gra- cious God; and it shall be a hard day for the disbeliev- ers.25:27 Day of H unayn: Yaumo H unayn , Surely, Allah has helped you on many a battlefield, and on the Day of H unain, when your great numbers made you proud, but they availed you naught; … 9:25 Day of Hunger: Or , feeding on a day of hunger 90:15

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~ 175 ~ Yaumo Dh i- Mas- ghabah Friday: Yaumul- Jumu ‘ ah , O ye who believe! when the call is made for Prayer on Friday, hasten to the re- membrance of Allah, and leave off all business.62:10 Day of Pilgrim- mage: Yaumul- H ajj , And this is a proclamation from Allah and His Mes- senger to the people on the day of the Greater Pilgrim- age, that Allah is clear of the idolaters, and so is His Messenger….9:3 Day of Harvest: Yaumo H a sa d , … Eat of the fruit thereof when they bear fruit, and pay His due on the day of harvest and exceed not the bounds… 6:142 Day of Meeting: Yaumut- Tal a q , … He sends His word by His command to whomso- ever of His servants He pleases, that He may give warning of the Day of Meeting, 40:16 Mighty Day: Yaumun ‘ A zi m , Say, 'Indeed, I fear, if I dis- obey my Lord, the punish- ment of an awful day.' 6:16 Day of Promise: Yaumul- Wa ‘ i d , And the trumpet shall be blown.That will be the Day of Promise.50:21 Promised Day: And the Promised Day, 85:3

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~ 176 ~ Yaumul- Mau ‘ u d , Day of the Quake: Yaumo Tarjuf , On the day when the earth and the mountains shall quake, and the mountains will become like crumbling sand-hills.73:15 Day of Reckon- ing: Yau- mul- H is a b , 'Our Lord, forgive me and my parents and the believ- ers on the day when the reckoning will take place.' 14:42 And Moses said, ' I take refuge with my Lord and your Lord from every arro- gant person who believes not in the Day of Reckon- ing.' 40:28 Day of Requital: Resurrec- tion: Yaumul- Qiy a mah , -D i n , - A khirah , - Ba ‘ th , 'And Who, I hope, will for- give me my faults on the Day of Judgment; 26:83 belief in ¬ , And those who believe in the Day of Judgment to be a reality; 70:27 enmity until ¬ , And from those also who say, 'We are Christians,' We took a covenant, but they too have forgotten a good part of that with which they were exhorted.So We have caused enmity and hatred

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~ 177 ~ among them till the Day of Resurrection… 5:15 heaven and earth on ¬ , … And the entire earth will be under His complete con- trol on the Day of Resurrec- tion, and the heavens rolled up in His right hand… 39:68 Ibl i s seeks respite until ¬ … If Thou wilt grant me respite till the Day of Res- urrection, I will most surely bring his descend- ants under my sway except a few.' 17:63 is sure to come, Say, 'To whom belongs what is in the heavens and the earth?' Say, 'To Allah.' He has taken upon Himself to show mercy.He will cer- tainly continue to assemble you till the Day of Resur- rection.There is no doubt in it… 6:13 knowledg e of ¬ with Allah only, They ask thee about the Hour: 'When will it come to pass?' Say, !'The knowledge thereof is only with my Lord.None can manifest it at its time but He… 7:188 on that day, And call to mind the day when the trumpet will be blown and whoever is in the heavens and whoever is in the earth will be struck with terror, save him whom Allah pleases… 27:88

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~ 178 ~ prayer for forgive- ness on ¬ , 'Our Lord, give us what Thou hast promised to us through Thy Messengers; and disgrace us not on the Day of Resurrection.Surely, Thou breakest not Thy promise.' 3:195 punished on the ¬ , Turning his side disdain- fully, that he may lead men astray from the way of Allah.For him is disgrace in this world; and on the Day of Resurrection We shall make him taste the punish- ment of burning.22:10 rejection of ¬ , … And whoso disbelieves in Allah and His angels and His Books and His Messengers and the Last Day, has surely strayed far away.4:137 render justice on the ¬ , Neither your ties of kin- dred, nor your children will avail you aught on the Day of Resurrection… 60:4 raised on the ¬ , Then on the Day of Resur- rection you shall, surely, be raised up.23:17 sinners on that day, … but as for those whom He leaves to go astray, thou wilt find for them no help- ers beside Him.And on the Day of Resurrection We shall gather them together on their faces blind, dumb and deaf.Their abode shall be Hell; every time it abates, We shall increase for them the flame.17:98

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~ 179 ~ Day of Sorrow: Yaumul- H asrah , And warn them of the day of sorrow when the matter will be decided.But now they are in a state of heed- lessness, so they do not be- lieve.19:40 Day of Realiza- tion: Yaumut- Tagh a bun The day when He shall gather you for the Day of Gathering; that will be the day of the determination of losses and gains… 64:10 Day of Victory: Yaumul- Fat h , Say, 'On the day of victory the faith of the disbelievers shall not avail them, nor will they be respited.' 32:30 Day of Wit- nesses: Yaumun Mashh u d , That is a day on which all mankind shall be gathered together and that is a day which shall be witnessed by all.11:104 Day of Your’s: Yaumo- kum , So taste ye the punishment of your evil deeds, for you forgot the meeting of this day of yours.We, too, have forgotten you… 32:15 Deaf: And who is more unjust than he who is reminded of the Signs of his Lord, but turns away from them, and forgets what his hands have sent forward? Verily, We have placed veils over their hearts that they understand it not and in their ears a deaf- ness.And if thou call them to guidance, they will never accept it.18:58

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~ 180 ~ And among them are some who give ear to thee; but We have put veils on their hearts, that they should not understand, and deafness in their ears… 6:26 Surely, the worst of beasts in the sight of Allah are the deaf and the dumb, who have no sense.8:23 Dead, Death: Maut , Allah alone causes ¬ , And verily, it is We Who give life, and We Who cause death; and it is We Who are the sole Inheritors of all.15:24 And Allah creates you, then He causes you to die; and there are some among you who are driven to the worst state of life with the result that they know nothing af- ter having had knowledge… 16:71 never return, How can you disbelieve in Allah? You were without life and He gave you life, and then will He cause you to die, then restore you to life, and then to Him shall you be made to return.2:29 Until, when death comes to one of them, he says en- treating repeatedly, 'My Lord, send me back, 23:100

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~ 181 ~ ' That I may do righteous deeds in the life that I have left behind.' That cannot be! It is only a word that he utters.And behind them is a barrier until the day when they shall be raised again.23:101 Do they not see how many generations We have de- stroyed before them, and that they never come back to them? 36:32 decreed with fixed term, And no soul can die except by Allah's leave,-a decree with a fixed term… 3:146 every soul shall taste of ¬ Every soul shall taste of death; then to Us shall you all be brought back.29:58 Wheresoever you may be, death will overtake you, even if you be in strongly built towers… 4:79 We granted not everlasting life to any mortal before thee.If thou shouldst die, shall they live here for ever? 21:35 Say, Flight shall not avail you if you flee from death or slaughter; and even then you will not be allowed to enjoy yourselves but little.' 33:17 false gods are ¬ , And those on whom they call beside Allah create not anything, but they are themselves created.16:21

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~ 182 ~ They are dead, not living; and they know not when they will be raised.16:22 See also Jesus: Jesus restored spiritually ¬ , … and when thou didst fashion a creation out of clay, in the likeness of a bird, by My command; then thou didst breathe into it a new spirit and it became a soaring being by My com- mand;..5:111 God restores ¬ to life, O ye who believe! respond to Allah, and the Messenger when he calls you that he may give you life, … 8:25 Then We raised you up af- ter your death, that you might be grateful.2:57 slain in the way of Allah are not ¬ , And say not of those who are slain in the way of Al- lah that they are dead; nay, they are living, only you perceive not.2:155 tawaff a , … And there are some of you who are caused to die in the normal course, and there are others among you who are kept back till the worst part of life with the result that they know noth- ing after having had knowledge….22:6 Remember the time when Allah said, 'O Jesus, I will cause thee to die a natural death… 3:56 …And I was a witness over them as long as I remained

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~ 183 ~ among them, but since Thou didst cause me to die, Thou hast been the Watcher over them, … 5:118 Allah takes away the souls of men at the time of their death; and of those also that are not y et dead, during their sleep.And then He withholds those against which He has decreed death, and sends back the others till an appointed term….39:43 But how will they fare when the angels will cause them to die, smiting their faces and their backs? 47:28 Death: life after, See Afterlife: See also Dead: Debate: And they say, 'None shall ever enter Heaven unless he be a Jew or a Christian.' These are their vain desires.Say, 'Produce your proof, if you are truthful.' 2:112 Call unto the way of thy Lord with wisdom and goodly exhortation and ar- gue with them in a way that is best … 16:126 For every people We have appointed ways of worship which they observe; so let them not dispute with thee in the matter of the Islamic way of worship; and call thou the people to thy Lord, … 22:68

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~ 184 ~ So obey not the disbelievers and strive against them by means of the Qur' a n with a mighty striving.25:53 See also Arguments & Rea- soning: Debt: And if the debtor be in straitened circum-stances, then grant him respite till a time of ease.And that you remit it as charity shall be better for you, if only you knew.2:281 Decree: She said, 'My Lord, how shall I have a son, when no man has touched me?' He said, "Such is the way of Allah.He creates what He pleases.When He decrees a thing, He says to it, 'Be,' and it is; 3:48 See also Night of Decree: Deeds: See Actions: Defama- tory speech: Allah likes not the uttering of unseemly speech in pub- lic, except on the part of one who is being wronged… 4:149 Deities: And abuse not those whom they call upon besides Allah, lest they, out of spite, abuse Allah in their ignorance… 6:109 And when mankind are raised up after death, the f alse deities will be enemies of their worshippers and will deny their worship.46:7 See also L a t:

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~ 185 ~ Deluge: See Flood: Delusion: Ghur u r , Allah's promise is, surely, true.So let not worldly life beguile you, nor let the De- ceiver deceive you concern- ing Allah.31:34 Descent: Nuz u l , Verily, We sent Our Mes- sengers with manifest Signs and sent down with them the Book and the Balance that people may act with justice; and We sent down iron, wherein is material for violent warfare and di- verse uses for mankind, and that Allah may know those who help Him and His Messengers without having seen Him… 57:26 And if We had sent down to thee a writing upon the parchment and they had felt it with their hands even then the disbelievers would have surely said, 'This is nothing but manifest sor- cery.' 6:8 O children of Adam, We have indeed sent down to you raiment to cover your naked- ness and to be a means of adornment; … 7:27 … and We sent down for them Manna and Salwa and We said, 'Eat of the good things We have provided for you.'..7:161

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~ 186 ~ … and He has sent down for you of the cattle eight pairs….39:7 … Allah has, indeed, sent down to you a Reminder— 65:11 A Messenger, who recites unto you the clear Signs of Allah,.65:12 And there is not a thing but are limitless treasures thereof with Us and We send it not down except in a known measure.15:22 Desert: And as to those who disbe- lieve, their deeds are like a mirage in a desert.The thirsty one imagines it to be water until, when he comes up to it, he finds it to be nothing….24:40 Desire: Haw a , Your Companion has nei- ther erred, nor has he gone astray.Nor does he speak out of his own desire.It is nothing but pure revelation, revealed by God.53:3-5 But if they answer thee not, then know that they only follow their own evil de- sires.And who is more err- ing than he who follows his evil desires without any guidance from Allah..28:51 Despair: Say, 'O My servants who have sinned against their souls, despair not of the mercy of Allah, surely, Allah forgives all sins… 39:54

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~ 187 ~ Destiny: man, maker of his ¬ , Verily, We have revealed to thee the Book comprising all truth for the good of man-kind.So whoever fol- lows guidance, follows it for the benefit of his own soul; and whoever goes astray, goes astray only to its detriment.And thou art not a guardian over them.39:42 Whatever of good comes to thee is from Allah; and what- ever of evil befalls thee is from thyself.And We have sent thee as a Messenger to all mankind… 4:80 See also Qa da : Destiny, night of: See Night of Decree: Devil: See Satan: Dhikr: See Prayers: See Remem- ber: Allah , Qur’ a n as ¬ , reminder, With clear Signs and Scrip- tures.And We have sent down to thee the Reminder that thou mayest explain to mankind that which has been sent down to them, and that they may reflect.16:45 Dhul-Kifl: And remember Ishmael and Elisha and Dhul-Kifl; they were all of the best.38:49 Dhul- Qarnain: And they ask thee concern- ing Dhul-Qarnain.Say, 'I will recite to you something of his account.' … 18:84

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~ 188 ~ Dhun- N u n: And remember Dhun-N u n, when he went away in anger, and he was sure in his mind that We would not cause him distress and he cried out in the midst of his afflictions: 'There is no god but Thou, Holy art Thou.I have indeed been of the wrongdoers.' 21:88 Dignity: honour, And when they saw him they found him to be a person of great dignity and in their amazement cut their hands, and said, 'Allah be glorified! This is not a human being; this is but a noble angel.' 12:32 And stay in your houses with dignity, and display not your beauty like the displaying of the former days of igno- rance,… 33:34 D ir a r: mosque of, And among the Hypocrites are those who have built a mosque in order to injure Is- lam and help disbelief and to cause a division among the believers, … 9:107 Disbe- lievers : Kuff a r , Surely, those who disbe- lieve in Allah and His Mes- sengers and seek to make a distinction between Allah and His Messengers, and say, 'We believe in some and dis-believe in others,' and seek to take a way in between; 4:151

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~ 189 ~ These really are the disbe- lievers, and We have pre- pared for the disbelievers an humiliating punishment.4:152 See also Believers: can overcome ¬ , Curse: on ¬ , Ears: of ¬ , Hell: for ¬ , Mu- hammad sa : and ¬ , Parable: of a ¬ , Prayer: of ¬ , Proph- ecies: about ¬ , Respite: to ¬ , Spending: by ¬ , and Qur’ a n, So obey not the disbelievers and strive against them by means of the Qur' a n with a mighty striving.25:53 challenge to ¬ , Do they say, 'He has forged it?' Nay, but they have no faith.52:34 Let them, then, produce a discourse like this, if they speak the truth.52:35 no forgive- ness for ¬ , Surely, those who have disbelieved and have acted unjustly, Allah will not for- give them, nor will He show them any way; 4:169 Verily, those who disbe- lieve and hinder people from the way of Allah, and then die while they are Disbelievers—Allah cer- tainly, will not forgive them.47:35 punish- ment of a ¬ , But if you do it not—and never shall you do it— then guard against the Fire, whose fuel is men and

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~ 190 ~ stones, which is prepared for the disbelievers.2:25 Verily, those, who disbe- lieve from among the Peo- ple of the Book and the idolaters, will be in the fire of Hell, abiding therein.They are the worst of crea- tures.98:7 Discord: Fitnah , Mankind were one commu- nity, then they differed among themselves, so Allah raised Prophets as bearers of good tidings and as warners, and sent down with them the Book containing the truth that He might judge between the people wherein they differed.But then they began to differ about the Book, and none dif- fered about it except those to whom it was given, after clear Signs had come to them, out of envy towards one another.2:214 Dishon- esty: Khiy a nah , O ye who believe! prove not false to Allah and the Messenger, nor betray your trusts knowingly 8:28 And it is not possible for a Prophet to act dishonestly, and whoever acts dishon- estly shall bring with him that, concerning which he has been dishonest, on the Day of Resurrection..3:162 Disorder: And when it is said to them 'Create not disorder in the earth,' they say, 'We are

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~ 191 ~ Fitnah, Fas a d only promoters of peace 2:12 'Beware! it is surely they who create disorder, but they do not perceive it 2:13 And slay these transgres- sors wherever you meet them and drive them out from where they have driven you out; for persecu- tion is worse than slay- ing.2:192 On account of this, We pre- scribed for the Children of Israel that whosoever killed a person-unless it be for killing a person or for creat- ing disorder in the land-it shall be as if he had killed all mankind; … 5:33 The only reward of those, who wage war against Allah and His Messenger and strive to create disorder in the land, is that they be slain or crucified or their hands and feet be cut off on account of their enmity, or they be expelled from the land… 5:34 Discrep- ancy: no ¬ in the Holy Qur’ a n, Will they not, then, medi- tate upon the Qur' a n? Had it been from anyone other than Allah, they would surely have found therein much discrepancy.4:83 Discrimi- nation: Blessed is He Who has sent down Al-Furq a n to His servant, that he may be a

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~ 192 ~ Furq a n , Warner to all the worlds— 25:2 The month of Rama da n is that in which the Qur’ a n was revealed as a guidance for mankind with clear proofs of guidance and dis- crimination… 2:186 And We gave Moses and Aaron the Discrimination and a Light and a Reminder for the righteous, 21:49 Disease: those who are sick, In their hearts was a disease, so Allah has increased their disease; and for them is a grievous punishment because they lied.2:11 But as for those in whose hearts is a disease, it adds f urther uncleanness to their p resent uncleanness and they die while they are dis- believers.9:125 O mankind! there indeed has come to you an Exhor- tation from your Lord and a healing for whatever dis- ease there is in the hearts, and a guidance and a mercy to the believers.10:58 O wives of the Prophet! you are not like any other women if you are righteous.So be not soft in speech, lest he, in whose heart is a disease, should feel tempted; and speak decent words.33:33

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~ 193 ~ 'And when I fall ill, it is He Who restores me to health; 26:81 Disobedi- ence: ‘ I s y a n , Fus u q , And know that among you is the Messenger of Allah; if he were to follow your wishes in many matters, you would, surely, come to trouble; but Allah has en- deared the faith to you and has made it look beautiful to your hearts, and He has made disbelief, wickedness and disobedience hateful to you… 49:8 Seest thou not those who were forbidden to hold se- cret counsels, then they re- turn to that which they were forbidden, and confer in se- cret for sin and transgres- sion and disobedience to the Messenger? … 58:9 Dispensa- tion: Surely, there have been many dispensations before you; so travel through the earth and see how evil was the end of those who treated the Proph- ets as liars.3:138 Display: And say to the believing women that they restrain their looks and guard their private parts, and that they display not their beauty or their em- bellishment except that which is apparent thereof,...24:32 See also Purdah:

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~ 194 ~ Dispute: Say, 'Do you dispute with us concerning Allah, while He is our Lord and your Lord? And for us are our works, and for you your works; and to Him alone we are sincerely de- voted.' 2:140 But if they dispute with thee, say, ' I have surren- dered myself completely to Allah, and also those who follow me…' 3:21 But no, by thy Lord, they will not be true believers until they make thee judge in all that is in dispute between them and then find not in their hearts any demur con- cerning that which thou de- cidest and submit with full submission.4:66 And obey Allah and His Messenger and dispute not with one another, lest you falter and your strength de- part from you… 8:47 And among men is he who disputes concerning Allah without knowledge and with- out guidance and without an illuminating Book, 22:9 The heart of the Prophet lied not in seeing what he saw.53:12 Will you, then, dispute with him about what he saw? 53:13 Dissimu- lation: See Concealment:

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~ 195 ~ Ditch, Battle of: See Trench: Battle of ¬ , Divina- tion: Maisir , See Arrows: Divination by ¬ , Divinity: Say, 'Is there any of your associate-gods who origi- nates creation and then re- produces it?' Say, 'It is Al- lah alone Who originates creation and then repro- duces it… 10:35 The Messiah, son of Mary, was only a Messenger; surely Messengers like unto him had passed away before him… 5:76 They indeed have disbe- lieved who say, 'Surely, Al- lah—He is the Messiah, son of Mary.' Say, 'Who then has any power against Al- lah, if He desired to destroy the Messiah, son of Mary, and his mother and all those that are in the earth?' And to Allah belongs the King- dom of the heavens and the earth and what is between them.He creates what He pleases and Allah has power over all things.5:18 And when Allah will say, "O Jesus, son of Mary, didst thou say to men, 'Take me and my mother for two gods beside Allah?"' He will answer, "Holy art Thou, I could never

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~ 196 ~ say that to which I had no right….5:117 Divorce: O Prophet! when you divorce women, divorce them for the p rescribed period, and there- after reckon the period; and fear Allah, your Lord.Turn them not out of their houses, nor should they themselves leave unless they commit manifest indecency… 65:2 Then, when they are about to reach the limit of their p rescribed term, retain them with kindness, or part with them in a suitable manner, … 65:3 And if you are in doubt as to the prescribed period for such of your women as have despaired of monthly courses, then know that the prescribed period for them is three months, and also for such as do not have their monthly courses yet.And as for those who are with child, their pe- riod shall be until they are de- livered of their burden… 65:5 Lodge the divorced women during the prescribed period in the houses wherein you dwell, according to your means, and harass them not that you may create hardships for them and thus force them to leave.And if they be with child, spend on them until

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~ 197 ~ they are delivered of their burden.And if they give suck to the child for you, give them their due recompense, to be fixed in consultation with one another according to what is customary; but if you meet with difficulty from each other, then let another woman suckle the child for the father.65:7 See also: ‘ Iddah: enjoined kind treat- ment, And for the divorced women also there should be a provision according to what is fair-an obligation on the God-fearing.2:242 And if you desire to take one wife in place of another and you have given one of them a treasure, take not aught therefrom.Will you take it by false accusation and manifest sinfulness? 4:21 irrevoca- ble ¬ , And if he divorces her the third time, then she is not lawful for him thereafter, un- til she marries another hus- band; and, if he also divorces her, then it shall be no sin for them to return to each other, provided they are sure that they would be able to observe the limits prescribed by Al- lah… 2:231 revocable ¬ , Such divorce may be pro- nounced twice; then either retain them in a becoming

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~ 198 ~ manner or send them away with kindness… 2:230 Diyat: It does not behove a believer to slay a believer unless it be by mistake.And he who slays a believer by mistake shall free a believing slave, and pay blood money to be handed over to his heirs, un- less they remit it as charity.But if the person slain be of a people hostile to you, and he is a believer, then the penalty is only the freeing of a believ- ing slave, and if he be of a people between whom and you is a pact, then the penalty is blood-money to be handed over to his heirs, and the free- ing of a believing slave.But whoso finds not one, then he shall fast for two consecutive months—a mercy from Allah… 4:93 See also Qi sas : Dog: kalb , Some say, 'They were three, the fourth of them was their dog;' and others say, 'They were five, the sixth of them was their dog,' guessing at random.And yet others say, 'They were seven, the eighth of them was their dog.' Say, 'My Lord knows best their correct number.None knows them except a few…' 18:23

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~ 199 ~ Donkey: H am i r , 'And walk thou at a moder- ate pace, and lower thy voice; verily, the most hate- ful of voices is the braying of the ass.' 31:20 The likeness of those who were charged with the Law of Torah , but did not carry out its commandments, is as the likeness of an ass carry- ing a load of books… 62:6 Dooms- day: See Day of Resurrection: Door: B a b , And the heaven shall be opened and shall become all doors.78:20 Doubt: Raib , about Allah, Qur’ a n, This is a perfect Book; there is no doubt in it; it is a guidance for the righteous, 2:3 This is the truth from thy Lord, so be thou not of those who doubt.3:61 about resurrec- tion, How will it be with them when the Day about which there is no doubt; and when every soul shall be paid in full what it has earned, and they shall not be wronged? 3:26 about Jesus, That was Jesus, son of Mary.This is a statement of the truth concerning which they entertain doubt.19:35 Down- cast: Some faces on that day will be downcast; Toiling , weary.88:3-4

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~ 200 ~ And with them will be chaste women with their eyes downcast, companions of equal age.38:53 Dower- money: Mahr , Ajr , And if you divorce them before you have touched them, but have settled upon them a dowry, then half of what you have settled shall be due from you, unless they remit, or he, in whose hand is the tie of marriage, … 2:238 And lawful for you are chaste believing women and chaste women from among those who were given the Book be- fore you, when you give them their dowries, contract- ing valid marriage and not committing fornication, nor taking secret paramours..5:6 And give the women their dowries willingly….4:5 Dreams: Ro ’ y a ’, Man a m , And call to mind when We said to thee, 'Surely, thy Lord has decreed the ruin of this people.' And We made not the Vision which We showed thee but as a trial for men,… 17:61 Nay, they say, 'These are but confused dreams; nay, he has forged it himself: nay, he is but a poet….21:6 And when he was old enough to run along with

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~ 201 ~ him, he said, 'O my dear son, I have seen in a dream that I offer thee in sacri- fice….37:103 Drinks: bever- ages, O children of Adam! take your adornment at every time and place of worship, and eat and drink, but be not immoderate; surely, He does not love those who are immoderate.7:32 They will be given to drink of a pure beverage, sealed.83:26 But the virtuous shall drink of a cup, tempered with camphor 76:6 And We placed therein high mountains, and gave you sweet water to drink.77:28 Do you consider the giving of drink to the pilgrims, and the maintenance of the Sacred Mosque as equal to the works of him who believes in Allah and the Last Day and strives in the path of Allah? They are not at all equal in the sight of Allah… 9:19 Drown: Gharq , Noah’s people, But they called him a liar, so We saved him and those with him in the Ark and We drowned those who rejected Our Signs.They were in- deed a blind people.7:65

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~ 202 ~ Pharaoh, And remember also the time when We divided the sea for you and saved you and drowned Pharaoh's people, while you looked on.2:51 Du‘ a ’: See Prayers: Prayers of the Holy Qur’ a n: Dust: bones turned into ¬ , 'What! when we are dead and have become dust, shall we be raised up again? That is a return far f rom possible ' 50:4 moun- tains into ¬ , And they ask thee concern- ing the mountains.Say, 'My Lord will break them into pieces and scatter them as dust; 'And He will leave them a barren, level plain; 'Wherein thou wilt see no depression or elevation.' 20:106-108 Duty: of Angels, All praise belongs to Allah, the Originator of the heavens and the earth, Who employs the angels as Messengers, having wings, two, three and four… 35:2 of believers, And those who are right- eous are not at all accounta- ble for them, but their duty is to admonish them that they may fear Allah.6:70 of Holy Prophet sa Proofs have indeed come to you from your Lord; so whoever sees, it is for his own good; and whoever be- comes blind, it is to his own

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~ 203 ~ loss.And I am not a guard- ian over you.6:105 But if they dispute with thee, say, ' I have surrendered my- self completely to Allah, and also those who follow me.' And say to those, who have been given the Book and to the Unlearned, 'Have you also surrendered?' If they sur- render, then they will surely be rightly guided, but if they turn back, then thy duty is only to convey the Message 3:21 O Messenger! convey to the people what has been re- vealed to thee from thy Lord; and if thou do it not, thou hast not conveyed His Message.And Allah will protect thee from men..5:68 He it is Who has raised among the unlettered people a Messenger from among themselves who recites unto them His Signs, and purifies them, and teaches them the Book and Wisdom though before that they were in man- ifest error; 62:3 towards Allah, O ye who believe! if you do your duty to Allah, He will grant you a distinction and will remove your evils from you and will forgive you; and Allah is Lord of great bounty.8:30

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~ 204 ~ Those who believe in Allah and the Last Day will not ask leave of thee to be ex- empted from striving with their wealth and their per- sons.And Allah well knows those who keep their duty to Him.9:44 So be mindful of your duty to Allah as best you can, and listen and obey, and spend in His cause, it will be good for yourselves… 64:17

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~ 205 ~ E Ears: disbeliev- ers do not hear, Allah! has set a seal on their hearts and their ears, and over their eyes is a covering;...2:8 And when Our Signs are re- cited to him, he turns away disdainfully, as though he heard them not, as if there were a heaviness in his ears.So announce to him a painful punishment.31:8 law of re- taliation, And therein We prescribed for them: Life for life, and eye for eye, nose for nose, ear for ear, and tooth for tooth, and for other injuries equitable retaliation… 5:46 those worship- ped besides Allah are deaf, Surely, those whom you call on beside Allah are creatures like you.Then call on them and let them answer you, if you are truthful.7:195 Have they feet wherewith they walk, or have they hands wherewith they hold, or have they eyes where- with they see, or have they ears wherewith they hear?...7:196 Earth: Al-Ar d abode on ¬ , … And for you there is an abode on the earth and a provision for a time.' 7:25

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~ 206 ~ He said, 'Therein shall you live and therein shall you die and therefrom shall you be brought forth.' 7:26 Who made the earth a bed for you, and the heaven a roof, and caused water to come down from the clouds and therewith brought forth fruits for your sustenance;… 2:23 And whoso emigrates from his country in the way of Allah will find in the earth an abundant place of refuge and plentifulness ….4:101 Allah is He Who has made for you the earth a resting- place, and the heaven a struc- ture for protection , … 40:65 Allah bestows life to dead ¬ , … And thou seest the earth lifeless, but when We send down water thereon it stirs and swells and grows every kind of beauteous vegeta- tion.22:6 And Allah is He Who sends the winds which raise the clouds; then do We drive them to a lifeless tract of land, and quicken therewith the earth after its death.Likewise shall the Resur- rection be.35:10 Allah’s dominion extends over the ¬ , And to Allah belongs the Kingdom of the heavens and the earth; and Allah has power over all things.3:190

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~ 207 ~ Allah knows the secrets of the ¬ , … And there is not hidden from thy Lord even an atom's weight in the earth or in heaven….10:62 broken into pieces, Hearken! when the earth is completely broken into pieces; 89:22 creation of the ¬ , Dost thou not see that Allah created the heavens and the earth in accordance with the requirements of wisdom? If He please, He can do away with you, and bring a new creation.14:20 creations on ¬ , See they not the earth, how many of every noble spe- cies have We caused to grow therein? 26:8 And of His Signs is the crea- tion of the heavens and the earth and the diversity of your tongues and colours… 30:23 create mischief on ¬ And create not disorder in the earth after it has been set in order, and call upon Him in fear and hope….7:57 And We had clearly con- veyed to the Children of Is- rael in the Book: 'You will surely do great mischief in the land twice, and you will surely become excessively overbearing.' 17:5

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~ 208 ~ And when he is in author- ity, he runs about in the land to create disorder in it and destroys the tilth and the progeny of man; and Allah loves not disorder.2:206 destruc- tion of ¬ , When the earth will be shaken with a terrible shak- ing; 56:5 And the mountains will be shattered—a complete shat- tering.56:6 They shall all become like dust particles scattered about.56:7 inclined towards ¬ , And if We had pleased, We would have exalted him thereby; but he inclined to the earth and followed his evil desires… 7:177 travel through the ¬ Have they not travelled in the earth and seen what was the end of those who were before them? … 47:11 Earth- quake: Rajfah, Zalzalah, So the earthquake seized them and in their homes they lay prostrate upon the ground.7:79 This will be on the day when the quaking earth shall quake, 79:7 When the earth is shaken with her violent shaking, And the earth throws up her burdens, 99:2-3 East & West: He is the Lord of the East and the West; there is no

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~ 209 ~ god but He; so take him for thy Guardian.73:10 Abraham said, 'Well, Allah brings the sun from the East; bring it thou from the West.' Thereupon the infi- del was confounded… 2:259 It is not righteousness that you turn your faces to the East or the West, but truly righteous is he who be- lieves in Allah and the Last Day … 2:178 Eclipse: Kus u f , Khus u f , And the moon is eclipsed, And the sun and the moon are brought together, 75:9-10 Economy: And those in whose wealth there is a known right For those who ask for help and those who do not ask 70:25-26 Who amasses wealth and counts it over and over.He thinks that his wealth will make him immortal.104:3-4 And Allah has favoured some of you above others in worldly gifts.But those more favoured will not re- store any part of their worldly gifts to those whom their right hands possess, so that they may be equal sharers in them… 16:72

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~ 210 ~ Eden: garden of, And We said, 'O Adam, dwell thou and thy wife in the garden, and eat there- from plentifully wherever you will, but approach not this tree, lest you be of the wrongdoers.' 2:36 Educa- tion: See Knowledge: Egg: Bai d ah, And with them will be chaste women, with re- strained looks and large beautiful eyes; As though they were sheltered eggs.37:49-50 Egypt: Mi s r , And when they came to Jo- seph, he put up his parents with himself and said, 'En- ter Egypt in peace, if it please Allah.' 12:100 E‘j a z : See Inimitability: Election: See State: Elephant: F i l , See Owners of ’: Elijah: Ily a s as , And We guided Zachariah and John and Jesus and Elias; each one of them was of the righteous.6:86 Elisha: Alyasa ‘ as , And remember Ishmael and Elisha and Dhul-Kifl; they were all of the best.38:49 Embryo: See Biology: Emigra- tion: See also Migration: Hi- jrah: of Abraham, Lot, And We delivered him and Lot and brought them to the Land which We had blessed for the peoples.21:72

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~ 211 ~ of Adam, God said, 'Go forth, both of you from here; some of you will be enemies of others.20:124 of believers, And whoso emigrates from his country in the way of Allah will find in the earth an abundant place of refuge and plentifulness.And whoso goes forth from his home, emigrating in the cause of Allah and His Messenger, and death over- takes him, his reward lies on Allah, … 4:101 of Holy Prophet sa He Who has made the teaching of the Qur' a n bind- ing on thee will most surely bring thee back to thy or- dained place of return… 28:86 Enchant- ment: Si h r , And when there came to them the truth from Us, they said, 'This is surely a manifest enchantment.' 10:77 Enemies: created ¬ , Satan seeks only to create enmity and hatred among you by means of wine and the game of chance, and to keep you back from the re- membrance of Allah and from Prayer… 5:92 … There has become mani- fest enmity and hatred be- tween us and you for ever, until you believe in Allah alone-except that Abraham

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~ 212 ~ said to his father, 'I will, surely, ask forgiveness for thee, … 60:5 … So We have caused en- mity and hatred among them till the Day of Resur- rection … 5:15 Prophets have ¬ , And in like manner have We made for every Prophet an enemy, the evil ones from among men and jinn….6:113 Thus did We make for every Prophet an enemy from among the sinners; … 25:32 Satan is an ¬ , O ye men! Eat of what is lawful and good in the earth; and follow not the footsteps of Satan, surely he is to you an open enemy.2:169 unbeliev- ers are ¬ , 'Whoever is an enemy to Al- lah, and His angels, and His Messengers, and Gabriel, and Michael, then, surely, Allah is an enemy to such disbelievers.' 2:99 Enoch: Idr i s as , And relate the story of Idr i s as mentioned in the Book.He was a truthful man, and a Prophet.19:57 And We exalted him to a lofty station.19:58 Envy: H asad , 'And from the evil of the envier when he envies.' 113:6

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~ 213 ~ Many of the People of the Book wish, out of sheer envy from themselves, that, after you have be- lieved, they could turn you again into disbelievers af- ter the truth has become manifest to them….2:110 Ephesus: Seven Sleepers of, See A sha bul-Kahf: Equality of man: O mankind, We have cre- ated you from a male and a female; and We have made you tribes and sub-tribes that you may know one an- other.Verily, the most hon- ourable among you, in the sight of Allah, is he who is the most righteous among you….49:14 But whoso does good works, whether male or fe- male, and he or she is a be- liever, such shall enter heaven,… 4:125 Equity: See Justice: Escape: Allah’s punish- ment, Say, 'Tell me, if His punish- ment comes upon you by night or by day, how will the guilty run away from it? 10:51

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~ 214 ~ from this earth, O company of jinn and men! if you have power to break through the confines of the heavens and the earth, then break through them.But you cannot break through save with authority.55:34 Eternal: abode, As for those who believe and do good works, they will have Gardens of Eter- nal Abode as an entertain- ment in return for what they used to do.32:20 law, And Allah has created the heavens and the earth in ac- cordance with an eternal law, so that every soul may be requited for that which it earns; and they shall not be wronged.45:23 only God is ¬ , He is the Originator of the Heavens and the earth.When He decrees a thing, He only says to it, ‘Be’ and it is.2:118 purpose, He created the heavens and the earth with an eternal purpose… 64:4 Ethics: See Moral Traits: Eti- quette: regarding assembly Those alone are true believ- ers who believe in Allah and His Messenger, and who, when they are with him for the consider-ation

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~ 215 ~ of some matter of common concern which has brought them together, go not away until they have asked leave of him….24:63 Treat not the calling of the Messenger among you like the calling of one of you to another….24:64 when you hear the Signs of God being denied and mocked at, sit not with those who indulge in such talk until they engage in some other talk; … 4:141 O ye who believe! when it is said to you, 'Make room in your assemblies,' then do make room; Allah will make ample room for you.And when it is said, 'Rise up' then rise up; Allah will raise those who believe from among you,… 58:12 regarding privacy, O ye who believe! enter not houses other than your own until you have asked leave and saluted the inmates thereof… 24:28 And if you find no one therein, do not enter them until you are given permis- sion.And if it be said to you, 'Go back,' then go back;… 24:29 Say to the believing men that they restrain their looks and guard their private parts… 24:31

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~ 216 ~ And say to the believing women that they restrain their looks and guard their private parts, and that they display not their beauty or their embellishment except that which is apparent….24:32 O ye who believe! let those whom your right hands pos- sess, and those of you, who have not reached puberty, ask leave of you at three times before coming into your private apartments-be- fore the Morning Prayer, and when you lay aside your clothes at noon in summer and after the Night Prayer….24:59 And when the children among you reach puberty, they too should ask leave, even as their elders before them asked leave… 24:60 …And it is not righteousness that you come into houses by the backs thereof; … 2:190 Regard- ing recita- tion, See Qur’ a n: Recitation: regarding society, O children of Adam! take your adornment at every time and place of worship, and eat and drink, but be not immoderate;… 7:32

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~ 217 ~ O ye who believe! raise not your voices above the voice of the Prophet, nor speak loudly to him as you speak loudly to one an- other, … 49:3 O ye who believe! if an un- righteous person brings you any news, investigate it fully, lest you harm a peo- ple in ignorance,… 49:7 Eve: H aww a , See Adam: Evidence: clear ¬ from God, … There has now come to you clear evidence from your Lord, and a guidance and a mercy.Who, then, is more unjust than he who re- jects the Signs of Allah and turns away from them?...6:158 And those to whom the Book was given did not be- come divided until after clear evidence had come to them.98:5 from the Book, This Book contains clear evidences for mankind and is a guidance and a mercy for a people who possess firm faith.45:21 Law of ¬, Shah a- dah , O ye who believe! be strict in observing justice, and be witnesses for Allah, even though it be against your- selves or against your par- ents or kindred.… 4:136

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~ 218 ~ And when you deliver to them their property, then call witnesses in their pres- ence….4:7 And those who calumniate chaste women but bring not four witnesses-flog them with eighty stripes, and do not admit their evidence ever after, for it is they that are the transgressors, 24:5 And as for those who charge their wives with adultery and have no wit- nesses except themselves- the evidence of anyone of such people shall suffice if he bears witness four times in the name of Allah sol- emnly affirming that he is of those who speak the truth; 24:7 Evil: See Sin: Evolu- tion: Who has made perfect eve- rything He has created.And He began the creation of man from clay; Then He made his progeny from an extract of an insig- nificant fluid; Then He endowed him with perfect faculties and breathed into him of His spirit.And He has given you ears, and eyes, and hearts.32:8-10 See also Science:

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~ 219 ~ Example: ’ Uswah , Verily, you have in the Prophet of Allah an excel- lent model, for him who hopes to meet Allah and the Last Day and who remem- bers Allah much.33:22 Exodus: Ikhr a j , And We directed Moses by revelation: 'Take away My servants by night, and strike for them a dry path through the sea, fearing not to be overtaken, nor having any other fear.' 20:78 Expia- tion: Kaf- f a rah , Fi- dyah , See Atonement: by expiation , For breaking oaths , … but He will take you to task for breaking the oaths which you take in earnest.The expiation, thereof, then, is the feeding of ten poor persons with such av- erage food as you feed your families with, or the cloth- ing of them or the freeing of a slave.But whoso finds not the means shall fast for three days.That is the expi- ation of your oaths when you have sworn….5:90 Exploita- tion: Woe unto those who give short measure; 83:2 Those who, when they take by measure from other peo- ple, take it full; 83:3 But when they give by measure to others or weigh

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~ 220 ~ to them, they give them less.83:4 Extrava- gance: Is- r a f , And keep not thy hand chained to thy neck out of miserliness, nor stretch it forth to its utmost limit out of extravagance, lest thou sit down blamed, ex- hausted.17:30 And those who, when they spend, are neither extrava- gant nor niggardly but adopt a moderate position in the middle; 25:68 Ezekiel: H izq i l as , See Dhul-Kifl: Ezra: ‘ Az i z , ‘Uzayr as , And the Jews say, 'Ezra is the son of Allah,' and the Christians say, 'the Messiah is the son of Allah;' that is what they say with their mouths.They only imitate the saying of those who dis- believed before them… 9:30

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~ 221 ~ F Faces: Wuj u h , Verily, We see thee turning thy face often to heaven; surely, then, will We make thee turn to the Qiblah which thou likest.So, turn thy face towards the Sacred Mosque; and wherever you be, turn your faces towards it… 2:145 But when they see it nigh, the faces of those who dis- believe will be grief- stricken, and it will be said, 'This is what you repeatedly asked for.' 67:28 Faith: I m a n , See Belief: Fajr: morning, dawn Observe Prayer from the declining and paling of the sun till the darkness of the night, and recite the Qur' a n at dawn.Verily, the recita- tion of the Qur' a n at dawn is specially acceptable to All a h.17:79 … and eat and drink until the white thread becomes distinct to you from the black thread of the dawn… 2:188 It is all peace till the rising of the dawn.97:6 False- hood: B at il , And proclaim: 'Truth has come and falsehood has vanished.Verily, falsehood is bound to vanish.' 17:82

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~ 222 ~ Prophets accused of ¬ We know indeed that what they say grieves thee; for surely it is not thee that they charge with falsehood but it is the Signs of Allah that the evil-doers reject.6:34 And if they accuse thee of falsehood, even so, before them, the people of Noah and the tribes of ‘Ad and Tham u d also accused their Prophets of falsehood; 22:43 And so did the people of Abraham and the people of Lot; 22:44 And the inhabitants of Mid- ian.And Moses too was ac- cused of falsehood… 22:45 who be- lieve in ¬ , ' Allah is sufficient as a Witness between me and you.He knows what is in the heavens and the earth.And as for those who be- lieve in falsehood and dis- believe in Allah, they it is who are the losers.' 29:53 Family: And Noah cried unto his Lord and said, 'My Lord, verily, my son is of my family, and surely Thy promise is true, and Thou art the Most Just of judges.' 11:46 A llah said, 'O Noah, he is surely not of thy family; he is indeed a man of unright- eous conduct… 11:47

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~ 223 ~ Famine: of Mecca So watch thou for the day when the sky will bring forth a visible smoke.44:11 That will envelop the peo- ple.This will be a painful torment.44:12 Fa s l: Decision, And We strengthened his kingdom, and gave him wisdom and decisive judg- ment.38:21 See also Yaumul-Fa s l: Khairul-F as il i n: Fasting: Rama da n, conces- sion in ¬ , The prescribed fasting is for a fixed number of days, but whoso among you is sick or is on a journey shall fast the same number of other days; and for those who are able to fast only with great difficulty is an expiation-the feeding of a poor man… 2:185 conjugal relations in ¬ , So you may now go in unto them and seek what Allah has ordained for you; and eat and drink until the white thread becomes distinct to you from the black thread of the dawn.Then complete the fast till nightfall and do not go in unto them while you remain in the mosques for devotion… 2:188 object of ¬ , O ye who believe! fasting is prescribed for you, as it was prescribed for those before

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~ 224 ~ you, so that you may guard against evil.2:184 revela- tion of Qur’ a n The month of Ramad a n; is that in which the Qur' a n was revealed as a guidance for mankind with clear proofs of guidance and discrimination.Therefore, whosoever of you is present at home in this month let him fast therein… 2:186 F a ti h ah: See Qur’ a n: Oft-repeated verses Fear: of Allah, Kh a shi‘ah Verily, those who fear their Lord in secret-for them is forgiveness and a great re- ward.67:13 Khauf , We said, 'Go forth hence, all of you.And if there comes to you guidance from Me, then whoso shall follow My guid- ance, on them shall come no fear nor shall they grieve.' 2:39 Allah is with those who ¬ Him, … And fear Allah and know that Allah is with those who fear Him.2:195 enter temples in ¬ , And who is more unjust than he who prohibits the name of Allah being glorified in Al- lah's temples and strives to ruin them? It was not proper for such men to enter therein except in fear… 2:115 no ¬ on the believers, Nay, whoever submits him- self completely to Allah and he is the doer of good, shall

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~ 225 ~ have his reward from his Lord.No fear shall come upon such, neither shall they grieve.2:113 Those who spend their wealth by night and day, se- cretly and openly, have their reward with their Lord; on them shall come no fear, nor shall they grieve.2:275 Surely, those, who believe and do good deeds, and ob- serve Prayer and pay the Zakat, shall have their re- ward from their Lord, and no fear shall come on them, nor shall they grieve.2:278 of poverty, And slay not your children for fear of poverty.It is We Who provide for them and for you… 17:32 prayers during period of ¬ , If you are in a state of fear, then say your Prayer on foot or riding, but when you are safe, remember Allah as He has taught you… 2:240 trial by ¬ , And We will try you with something of fear and hun- ger, and loss of wealth and lives and fruits; but give glad tidings to those who patiently persevere.2:156 Feeding the poor: See Food: Fellows of the Trench: Cursed be the Fellows of the Trench 85:5

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~ 226 ~ Fidyah: … And whoever among you is sick or has an ail- ment of the head, should make an expiation either by fasting or almsgiving or a sacrifice….2:197 … The expiation, thereof, then, is the feeding of ten poor persons with such aver- age food as you feed your families with, or the clothing of them or the freeing of a slave.But whoso finds not the means shall fast for three days.That is the expiation of your oaths when you have sworn….5:90 Fig: At-T i n , By the Fig and the Olive, 95:2 Fighting: war, And fight them until there is no persecution, and reli- gion is professed only for Allah.But if they desist, then remember that no hos- tility is allowed except against the wrongdoers.2:194 See Battles of Holy Qur’ a n: , Holy Prophet sa : Jih a d: Fire: An-N a r , of Abraham, We said, 'O fire, be thou a means of coolness and safety for Abraham!' 21:70 burnt offering, Those who say, 'Allah has charged us not to believe in any Messenger until he

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~ 227 ~ brings us an offering which fire devours.'… 3:184 flame of ¬ , But if any of them snatches away something by stealth, he is pursued by a piercing flame.37:11 in their bellies, Surely, they who devour the property of orphans un- justly, only swallow fire into their bellies, and they shall burn in a blazing fire.4:11 Jinn made of ¬ , And the jinn He created of the flame of Fire.55:16 of calami- ties, There shall be sent against you a flame of fire, and molten copper; and you shall not be able to help yourselves.55:36 of Cyrus, 'Bring me blocks of iron.' They did so till, when he had filled up the space be- tween the two mountain sides, he said, 'Now blow with your bellows.' They blew till, when he had made it red as fire, … 18:97 of Hell, The day when they shall be thrust into the fire of Hell with a violent thrust.And they will be told: 'This is the Fire which you denied as a lie, 52:14-15 Those who hide that which Allah has sent down of the Book and take in exchange for it a paltry price, they fill their bellies with nothing but fire….2:175

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~ 228 ~ And of them there are some who say, 'Our Lord, grant us good in this world as well as good in the world to come, and save us from the torment of the Fire.' 2:202 Those who say, 'Our Lord, we do believe; forgive us, therefore, our sins and save us from the punishment of the Fire; 3:17 Soon shall he burn in a flaming fire; 111:4 of Moses, When he saw a fire, and he said to his family, 'Tarry ye, I perceive a fire; perhaps I may bring you a brand therefrom or find guidance at the fire.' 20:11 of war, disorder, … Whenever they kindle a fire for war, Allah extin- guishes it.And they strive to create disorder in the earth, and Allah loves not those who create disorder.5:65 Fish: And the fish swallowed him while he was reproaching himself.37:143 Fisq: abhor- rence, disobedi- ence, And let the People of the Gospel judge according to what Allah has revealed therein, and whoso judges not by what Allah has re- vealed, these it is who are the transgressors.5:48 And eat not of that on which the name of Allah has not been pronounced,

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~ 229 ~ for surely that is abomina- tion… 6:122 Fitnah: See Discord: Disorder: Trial: Fi t rat: See Human Nature: Flesh: La h m , as food, And He it is Who has sub- jected to you the sea that you may eat therefrom fresh flesh… 16:15 And the eating of the flesh of all cattle is made lawful to you except that which has already been an- nounced to you in the Qur' a n.22:31 And flesh of birds as they may desire.56:22 Backbit- ing is like eating ¬ , O ye who believe! avoid much suspicion; for suspi- cion in some cases is a sin.And spy not on one an- other, neither backbite one another.Would any of you like to eat the flesh of his dead brother?...49:13 creation of ¬ , Then We fashioned the sperm into a clot; then We fashioned the clot into a shapeless lump; then We fashioned bones out of this shapeless lump; then We clothed the bones with flesh; then We developed it into another creation….23:15

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~ 230 ~ on bones, … And look at the bones, how We set them and then clothe them with flesh.'… 2:260 sacrificial ¬ , Their flesh reaches not Allah, nor does their blood, but it is your righteousness that reaches Him….22:38 Flogging: Jaldah , The adulteress and the adul- terer-flog each one of them with a hundred stripes..24:3 Flood: deluge, He sends down water from the sky so that valleys flow according to their measure and the flood bears on its sur- face swelling foam.13:18 And We, certainly, sent Noah to his people, and he remained among them a thousand years, short of fifty years.Then the Deluge overtook them, while they were wrongdoers.29:15 Food: T a ‘ a m , This day all good things have been made lawful for you.And the food of the People of the Book is law- ful for you… 5:6 Allah pro- vides ¬ , Say, 'Shall I take any pro- tector other than Allah, the Maker of the heavens and the earth, Who feeds and is not fed?'… 6:15 and Jews, And remember when you said, 'O Moses, surely, we will not remain content with one kind of food; pray, then, to thy Lord for us that He may bring forth for us

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~ 231 ~ of what the earth grows-of its herbs and its cucumbers and its wheat and its lentils and its onions …' 2:62 All food was lawful to the Children of Israel, except what Israel forbade himself before the Torah was sent down….3:94 at Prophets house, O ye who believe! enter not the houses of the Prophet unless leave is granted to you for a meal, not waiting till it is cooked.But enter when you are invited, and when you have had your meal, disperse, without seeking to engage in talk...33:54 eat whole- some ¬ , So eat of the lawful and good things which Allah has provided for you; and be grateful for the bounty of Allah,… 16:115 for poor, ' And he did not urge the feeding of the poor.'No friend, therefore, has he here this day; 69:35 And they feed, for love of Him, the poor, the orphan and the prisoner; 76:9 no life without ¬ , The Messiah, son of Mary, was only a Messenger; surely Messengers like unto him had passed away before him.And his mother was a truthful woman.They both used to eat food….5:76

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~ 232 ~ Nor did We give them bod- ies that ate not food, neither were they to live for ever.21:9 And We did not send any Messengers before thee but surely they ate food and walked in the streets..25:21 Forbid- den: S ee H ar a m: Forge Lies: And who is more unjust than he who forges a lie against Allah or treats His Signs as lies? Surely, the unjust shall not prosper.6:22 For- giveness: Allah grants ¬ , And those who, when they commit a foul deed or wrong themselves, remem- ber Allah and implore for- giveness for their sins and who can forgive sins except Allah-and do not know- ingly persist in what they do.3:136 For those who disbelieve there is a severe punishment.And for those who believe and do righteous deeds there is forgiveness and a great re- ward.35:8 See Attributes of Allah: Al-Ghaff a r , Adam, Prophets, seek ¬ , They said, 'Our Lord, we have wronged ourselves and if Thou forgive us not and have not mercy on us,

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~ 233 ~ we shall surely be of the losers.' 7:24 Moses said, 'My Lord, for- give me and my brother, and admit us to Thy mercy and Thou art the Most Mer- ciful of those who show mercy.' 7:152 'Our Lord, forgive me and my parents and the believ- ers on the day when the reckoning will take place.' 14:42 'My Lord! forgive me and my parents, and him who enters my house as a be- liever, and the believing men and the believing women; and increase Thou not the wrongdoers in aught but in ruin.' 71:29 no ¬ for idolaters, Surely, Allah will not for- give that a partner be asso- ciated with Him; but He will forgive whatever is short of that to whomsoever He pleases.And whoso as- sociates partners with Allah has indeed devised a very great sin.4:49 for whom He wills.., And to Allah belongs the Kingdom of the heavens and the earth.He forgives whom He pleases, and pun- ishes whom He pleases.And Allah is Most Forgiv- ing, ever Merciful.48:15

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~ 234 ~ from sin, Verily, Allah accepts the repentance of only those who do evil in ignorance and then repent soon after.These are they to whom Allah turns with mercy;… 4:18 prayers for ¬ , 'Our Lord, we have heard a Crier calling us unto faith, saying, 'Believe ye in your Lord,' and we have be- lieved.Our Lord, forgive us, therefore, our sins and remit from us our evils and in death join us with the righteous; 3:194 'Our Lord, give us what Thou hast promised to us through Thy Messengers; and disgrace us not on the Day of Resurrection.Surely, Thou breakest not Thy promise." 3:195 O ye who believe! turn to Allah in sincere repentance.It may be that your Lord will remit the evil effects of your deeds and admit you into Gardens through which streams flow, on the day when Allah will not abase the Prophet nor those who have believed with him.Their light will run before them and on their right hands.They will say, 'Our Lord, perfect our light for us and forgive us; surely,

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~ 235 ~ Thou hast power over all things.' 66:9 seek ¬ of Allah 'And O my people, ask for- giveness of your Lord, then turn to Him, He will send over you clouds pouring down abundant rain, and will add strength to your strength.And turn not away f rom Him, being sinners.' 11:53 Fornica- tion: See Adultery: Founda- tions: And remember the time when Abraham and Ishmael raised the foundations of the House, praying, 'Our Lord, accept this from us;… 2:128 Freedom: And if Allah had enforced His Will, they would not have set up gods with Him.And We have not made thee a keeper over them, nor art thou over them a guardian.6:108 See also Compulsion: Slavery: Free Will: Whatever of good comes to thee is from Allah; and whatever of evil befalls thee is from thyself….4:80 See also Destiny: Friday: Yaumul- Jumu ‘ ah , O ye who believe! when the call is made for Prayer on Friday, hasten to the re- membrance of Allah, and leave off all business.62:10

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~ 236 ~ Friends: Auliy a ’, Allah is friend, protector Waliyy , Allah is the Friend of those who believe; He b rings them out of all kinds of darkness into light.And those who disbelieve, their friends are the transgressors who bring them out of light into mani- fold darknesses … 2:258 do not make ¬ with, Let not the believers take disbelievers for friends in preference to believers-and whoever does that has no connection with Allah-ex- cept that you guard your- selves fully against them….3:29 O ye who believe! ' take not the Jews and the Christians for friends.They are friends of each other.And whoso among you takes them for friends is indeed one of them… 5:52 O ye who believe! take not your fathers and your broth- ers for friends if they prefer disbelief to faith….9:23 of Allah, Behold! the friends of Allah shall certainly have no fear, nor shall they grieve.10:63 Fuel: But if you do it not - and never shall you do it - then guard against the Fire, whose fuel is men and stones, which is prepared for the disbelievers.2:25

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~ 237 ~ And those who deviate f rom the right course, they are the fuel of Hell.72:16 Furq a n: See Discrimination:

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~ 238 ~ G Gabriel: Jibr i l as , 'Whoever is an enemy to Allah, and His angels, and His Messengers, and Ga- briel, and Michael, then, surely, Allah is an enemy to such disbelievers.' 2:99 Gam- bling: Maisir , They ask thee concerning wine and games of chance.Say, 'In both there is great sin and harm and also some ad- vantages for men; but their sin and harm are greater than their advantage…' 2:220 Garden: See Paradise: Gar- ments: O thou who hast covered thyself with thy cloak,.74:2 They are a sort of garment for you and you are a sort of garment for them..2:188 O children of Adam, We have indeed sent down to you raiment to cover your nakedness and to be a means of adornment; but the raiment of righteous- ness—that is the best… 7:27 And He it is Who has made the night a covering for you, and Who has made sleep for rest, and He has made the day to rise up and work.25:48 And He will reward them, for their steadfastness, with a Garden and raiments of silk, 76:13

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~ 239 ~ Ghaib: See Unseen: Gideon: Ta l u t , And their Prophet said to them, 'Allah has appointed for you Tal u t as a king.' They said, 'How can he have sovereignty over us while we are better entitled to sovereignty than he, and he is not given abundance of wealth? …' 2:248 Ginger: Zanjab i l , And therein will they be given to drink a cup tem- pered with ginger, 76:18 (Glad) Tidings: Bushr a , …And We have sent down to thee the Book to explain everything and a guidance and a mercy and glad tid- ings to those who submit to Allah.16:90 bearer of ¬ , O People of the Book! there indeed has come to you Our Messenger, after a break in the series of Messengers, who makes things clear to you lest you should say, 'There has come to us no bearer of glad tidings and no Warner.'… 5:20 Verily, We have sent thee with the Truth, as a bearer of glad tidings and as a Warner; and there is no people to whom a Warner has not been sent.35:25 to believ- ers, pious, fearful, A s for those who say, 'Our Lord is Allah,' and then re- main steadfast, the angels descend on them, reassur- ing them: 'Fear not, nor

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~ 240 ~ grieve; and rejoice in the glad tidings of the Garden which you were promised; 41:31 to non- believers, Surely, those who deny the Signs of Allah and seek to slay the Prophets unjustly and seek to slay such men as enjoin equity— an- nounce to them a painful punishment.3:22 to Prophets, God said, 'O Zachariah, We give thee glad tidings of a son whose name shall be Ya h y a.We have not called any one before him by that name., 19:8 Glorifica- tion: See Adoration: God (s): See Allah: Deities: Gog &Magog: Y a j u j wa M a j u j , It shall be so even when Gog and Magog are let loose and they shall hasten forth from every height and from the top of every wave.21:97 Gold: Dhahab , … And those who hoard gold and silver and spend it not in the way of Allah- give to them the tidings of a painful punishment.9:34 Goliath: J a l u t , And when they issued forth to encounter Jalut and his forces, they said, 'O our Lord, pour forth steadfastness upon us, and make our steps firm, and help us against the disbe- lieving people.' 2:251

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~ 241 ~ Good Deeds: But as to those who believe and do good works —and We charge not any soul be- yond its capacity—these are the inmates of Heaven; they shall abide therein.7:43 See also Actions: Gospel: Inj i l , See New Testament: Govern- ment: See State: Grace: Fa d l , bestowed on believers, And when the Prayer is fin- ished, then disperse in the land and seek of Allah's grace, and remember Allah much that you may prosper.62:11 exaltation Indeed, We have honoured the children of Adam, and We carry them by land and sea, and provide them with good things and have exalted them far above many of those whom We have created.17:71 on whom Allah pleases, … and that grace is entirely in the hands of Allah, He gives it to whomsoever He pleases.And Allah is the Master of Immense grace.57:30 Grapes: A ‘ n a b , Therewith He grows corn for you and the olive and the date-palm and the grapes and all manner of fruit … 16:12

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~ 242 ~ Graves: Qub u r , Then in due course He causes him to die and as- signs a grave to him; 80:22 Greed: And devour the heritage of other people, devouring greedily and wholly; 89:20 And you love wealth with exceeding love.89:21 Green: Seest thou not that Allah sends down water from the sky and the earth becomes green? … 22:64 Greet- ings: And when you are greeted with a greeting, greet ye with a better greeting or at least return it… 4:87 Guard- ian: Wak i l , Holy Prophet sa not keeper over them, … And We have not made thee a keeper over them, nor art thou over them a guardian.6:108 man over woman, Men are guardians over women because Allah has made some of them excel others, and because men spend on them of their wealth… 4:35 Zachariah over Mary So her Lord accepted her with a gracious acceptance and caused her to grow an excellent growth and made Zachariah her guardian….3:38

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~ 243 ~ Guid- ance: Hid a yah Allah does not give ¬ to rebellious For them it is equal whether thou ask forgiveness for them, or ask not for- giveness for them.Allah will never forgive them.Surely, Allah guides not the rebellious people.63:7 Allah gives ¬ , …Say: 'Surely, the guidance of Allah is the only true guid- ance and we have been com- manded to submit to the Lord of all the worlds.6:72 by Holy Prophet sa And thou canst not guide the blind out of their error.Thou canst make only those to hear who believe in Our Signs, so they submit.27:82 prayer for ¬ , Guide us in the straight path, 1:6 'Our Lord, let not our hearts become perverse after Thou hast guided us, and bestow on us mercy from Thyself; surely, Thou art the Great Bestower; 3:9 Guilty: Mujrim , Who is then more unjust than he who forges a lie against Allah or he who treats His Signs as lies? Surely, the guilty shall never prosper.10:18 And We shall drive the guilty to Hell like a herd of thirsty camels.19:87

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~ 244 ~ The guilty will be known by their marks, and they will be seized by their fore- locks and their feet.55:42

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~ 245 ~ H H a b i l and Q a b i l: See Abel: H ablull a h: See Rope: H ad i d: See Iron: H ad i th: word, discourse , story, Allah has sent down the best Discourse—a Book, whose verses are mutually supporting and repeated in diverse forms… 39:24 These are the Signs of Allah which We rehearse unto thee with truth.In what word, then, after rejecting the Word of Allah and His Signs, will they believe? 45:7 Has there come to thee the news of the overwhelming calamity? 88:2 H ajj: See Pilgrimage: H akam: Allah as ¬ , The Kingdom on that day shall be Allah's.He will judge between them.So those who believe and do righteous deeds will be in Gardens of Bliss; 22:57 Say, 'O Allah! Originator of the heavens and the earth; Knower of the unseen and the seen; Thou alone wilt judge between Thy servants

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~ 246 ~ concerning that in which they differed.' 39:47 Is not Allah the Most Just of judges? 95:9 Book, Qur’ a n as ¬ , We have surely sent down to thee the Book compris- ing the truth, that thou may- est judge between men by what Allah has taught thee.And be not thou a disputer on behalf of the faithless; 4:106 Holy Prophet sa as ¬ , But no, by thy Lord, they will not be true believers until they make thee judge in all that is in dispute be- tween them and then find not in their hearts any de- mur concern-ing that which thou decidest and submit with full submission.4:66 their own laws as ¬ , Surely, We sent down the Torah wherein was guid- ance and light.By it did the Prophets, who were obedi- ent to Us, judge for the Jews, as did the godly peo- ple and those learned in the Law; because they were re- quired to preserve the Book of Allah, and because they were guardians over it… 5:45 men as ¬ , Verily, Allah commands you to give over the trusts to those entitled to them, and that, when you judge between men, you judge with justice….4:59

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~ 247 ~ H al a l , See Lawful: Ha m a n : And Pharaoh said, 'O chiefs, I know of no god for you other than myself; so burn me bricks of clay, O Haman, and build me a tower, that I may, by climb- ing it, have a look at the God of Moses, for I think that he is a liar.' 28:39 Ha m : See Ba hi rah: H an i f: And who is better in faith than he who submits him- self entirely to Allah, and he is a doer of good and follows the religion of Abraham, the upright?...4:126 H ar a m : Sacred, And from wheresoever thou comest forth, turn thy face towards the Sacred Mosque; for that is indeed the truth from thy Lord… 2:150 H ar a m: Forbid- den See Unlawful: H a r u t & M a r u t : … And Solomon did not disbelieve; but it was the rebellious ones who disbe- lieved.They taught people falsehood and decep-tion.And they claim that they follow what was revealed to the two angels in Babylon, H a r u t and M a r u t….2:103 H a r u n as : See Aaron:

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~ 248 ~ H av a riyy u n: And when Jesus perceived their disbelief, he said, 'Who will be my helpers in the cause of Allah?' The disciples answered, 'We are the helpers of Allah….3:53 Healing: shif a ’ O mankind! there indeed has come to you an Exhor- tation from your Lord and a healing for whatever dis- ease there is in the hearts,… 10:58 Heart: S adr , Fu ’ a d , The heart of the Prophet lied not in seeing what he saw.53:12 Say , 'Whether you hide what is in your breasts or reveal it, Allah knows it;… 3:30 And the heart of the mother of Moses became free from anxiety.She had almost dis- closed his identity, were it not that We had strength- ened her heart so that she might be of the firm believ- ers.28:11 Who whispers into the hearts of men, 114:6 And follow not that of which thou hast no knowledge.verily, the ear and the eye and the heart— all these shall be called to account.17:37

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~ 249 ~ Allah expands ones ¬ So, whomsoever Allah in- tends to guide, He expands his bosom for the ac- ceptance of Islam; and whomsoever He intends that he should go astray, He makes his bosom narrow and close, as though he were mounting up into the skies….6:126 bestowed ¬ , And He it is Who has cre- ated for you ears and eyes and hearts, but little thanks do you give.23:79 cast terror in their ¬ , We shall cast terror into the hearts of those that have dis- believed because they associ- ate partners with Allah, for which He has sent down no authority… 3:152 diseased, In their hearts was a dis- ease, so Allah has increased their disease;… 2:11 fear in their ¬ , They only are the true be- lievers whose hearts trem- ble when the name of Allah is mentioned,… 8:3 Hardened ¬ , So, because of their break- ing their covenant, We have cursed them and have hard- ened their hearts….5:14 love in their ¬ , … He united your hearts in love so that by His grace you became as brothers;… 3:104 perverse ¬ , … But those in whose hearts is perversity pursue such thereof as are suscepti-

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~ 250 ~ ble of different interpreta- tions, seeking to cause dis- cord and seeking wrong in- terpretation of it….3:8 sealed, veiled, rusted, blind, strait- ened, They said, 'Our hearts are wrapped up in covers.' Nay, Allah has cursed them for their disbelief….2:89 strength- ened ¬ , And We strengthened their hearts when they stood up and said, 'Our Lord is the Lord of the heavens and the earth.Never shall we call upon any god beside Him; f or if we did so, we would utter a preposterous thing; 18:15 tranquil- ity of ¬ , peace of ¬ , Surely, Allah was well- pleased with the believers when they were swearing allegiance to thee under the Tree, and He knew what was in their hearts, and He sent down tranquillity on them,… 48:19 Heaven: Sam a ’, Do not the disbelievers see that the heavens and the earth were a closed-up mass, then We opened them out? … 21:31 Do they not look at the sky above them, how We have made it and adorned it, and there are no flaws in it? 50:7 ascent to ¬ , On the contrary, Allah ex- alted him to Himself.And

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~ 251 ~ Allah is Mighty, Wise.4:159 Have they a ladder by means of which they can ascend into heaven and overhear the Divine words? … 52:39 'Or, thou have a house of gold or thou ascend up into heaven; and we will not be- lieve in thy ascension until thou send down to us a Book that we can read.'… 17:94 See also Rafa ‘: Ascension : creation of ¬ , Then He turned to the heaven, while it was something like smoke, and said to it and to the earth; 'Come ye both of you in obedience, willingly or unwillingly.' They said, 'We come willingly.41:12 So He completed them in the form of seven heavens in two days, and He revealed to each heaven its function… 41:13 adorned lower ¬ , And We have, indeed, made mansions of stars in the heaven and have adorned it for beholders.15:17 descent from ¬ , nuz u l, And remember the time when they said, 'O Allah, if this be indeed the truth from Thee, then rain down upon us stones from heaven or bring down upon us a

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~ 252 ~ grievous punishment.' 8:33 See also Descent : punish- ment from ¬ A nd 'We are, surely, going to bring down on the people of this town a punishment from heaven, for they have been rebellious." 29:35 And when the heaven is rent asunder and becomes red like red hide.55:38 The day when the heaven will become like molten copper, And the mountains will become like flakes of wool, 70:9-10 suste- nance from ¬ , Allah is He Who created the heavens and the earth and caused water to come down from the clouds, and brought forth therewith fruits for your suste- nance,… 14:33 Or, Who created the heav- ens and the earth, and Who sent down water for you from the sky wherewith We cause to grow beautiful or- chards? You could not cause their trees to grow….27:61 as a roof, And We have made the heaven a roof, well-pro- tected, yet they turn away from its Signs.21:33 … And He holds back the heaven lest it should fall on the earth save by His leave… 22:66

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~ 253 ~ Allah is He Who has made for you the earth a resting- place, and the heaven a structure for protection, … 40:65 And at the heaven, how it is raised high? 88:19 Hebrew: Yah u d , A s for those who take a pal- try price in exchange for their covenant with Allah and their oaths, they shall have no portion in the life to come, and Allah will nei- ther speak to them nor look upon them on the Day of Resurrection, nor will He purify them; and for them shall be a grievous punish- ment.3:78 Thou shalt certainly find the Jews and those who as- sociate partners with Allah to be the most vehement of men in enmity against the believers...5:83 See also Jews : Hell: Ja- hannam , conditions in ¬ , … but as for those whom He leaves to go astray, thou wilt find for them no help- ers beside Him.And on the Day of Resurrection We shall gather them together on their faces blind, dumb and deaf.Their abode shall be Hell; every time it abates, We shall increase for them the flame.17:98

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~ 254 ~ … Verily, We have pre- pared for the wrongdoers a fire whose flaming canopy shall enclose them.And if they cry for help, they will be helped with water like molten lead which would scald their faces.How dreadful the drink and how evil the resting place! 18:30 for disbe- lievers, hypo- crites, idolaters, But they who will disbe- lieve and treat Our Signs as lies, these shall be the in- mates of the Fire; herein shall they abide.2:40 Those who disbelieve— their possessions and their children shall not avail them at all against Allah; and it is they that are the fuel of the Fire.3:11 for dis - obedient, And whoso disobeys Allah and His Messenger and transgresses His limits, He will make him enter into the Fire; therein he shall abide;… 4:15 for Satan, 'That I will, certainly, fill Hell with thee and with those who follow thee, all together.' 38:86 for those who re- ject, hide Allah’s signs, But those who reject Our Signs, they are the people of the left hand.90:20 On them will be Fire closed over.90:21 for who disobey Aye ! Whoso does evil and is encompassed by his sins-

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~ 255 ~ Allah, for evil-doers, those are the inmates of the Fire; … 2:82 And whoso slays a believer intentionally, his reward shall be Hell wherein he shall abide… 4:94 Those who persecute the believing men and the be- lieving women and then re- pent not, for them is, surely, the punishment of Hell, … 85:11 Who amasses wealth and counts it over and over.104:3 fuel and fire of ¬ , O ye who believe! save yourselves and your fami- lies from Fire whose fuel is men and stones over which are appointed angels, stem and severe, who disobey not Allah… 66:7 H u t amah Nay! he shall, surely, be cast into the crushing tor- ment.104:5 H a wiyah, But as for him whose scales are light.Hell will be a nursing mother to him.101:9-10 Ja hi m, And those who have disbe- lieved and rejected Our Signs, these are they who are inmates of Hell.5:87 La za, But no! surely, it is a flame of Fire.Stripping off the skin even to the extremities of the body.70:16-17

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~ 256 ~ no escape from ¬ , And as for those who are disobedient, their abode will be the Fire.Every time they desire to come out of it, they will be turned back into it, … 32:21 not eternal, As for the unfortunate, they shall be in the Fire, wherein there will be for them sigh- ing and sobbing, Abiding therein, so long as the heav- ens and the earth endure, except as thy Lord may will… 11:107-108 And We shall set up just balances on the Day of Res- urrection, so that no soul will be wronged in the least… 21:48 Sa‘ i r, Nay, they deny the Hour, and for those who deny the Hour, We have prepared a blazing fire.25:12 Saqar, Soon shall I cast him into the fire of Hell.74:27 And what will make thee know what Hell-fire is? 74:28 wretched abode, Into Hell.They shall burn therein; and an evil place of rest it is.14:30 Hereaf- ter: See Afterlife : H ij a b: See Purdah: , Barrier: H ijr: See People of Al- H ijr:

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~ 257 ~ H ijrah: And remember when the disbelievers devised plans against thee that they might put thee in confinement or slay thee or expel thee.And they planned and Allah also planned, and Allah Is the Best of planners.8:31 See also Emigration : Migration : H ikmah: wisdom Call unto the way of thy Lord with wisdom and goodly exhortation and ar- gue with them in a way that is best… 16:126 'And, Our Lord, raise up among them a Messenger from among themselves, who may recite to them Thy Signs and teach them the Book and Wisdom and may purify them;… 2:130 H ilm: See Moral Traits: patience , Hoard- ing: Who amasses wealth and counts it over and over.104:3 O ye who believe! surely, many of the priests and monks devour the wealth of men by false means and turn men away from the way of Allah.And those who hoard gold and silver and spend it not in the way of Allah—give to them the tidings of a painful punish- ment.9:34

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~ 258 ~ Holy Land: 'O my people, enter the Holy Land which Allah has ordained for you and do not turn back, for then you will return as losers.' 5:22 Homi- cide: ….And kill not your peo- ple… 4:30 And slay not the soul, the slaying of which Allah has forbidden, save for a just cause.And whoso is slain wrongfully, We have surely given his heir authority to demand retribution but let him not exceed the pre- scribed bounds in slaying; for therein he will be sup- ported by law.17:34 See also Killing: Homo- sexuality: And We sent Lot, when he said to his people, 'Do you commit an abomination such as no one in the world ever did before you?' You approach men with lust in- stead of women.Nay, you are a people who exceed all bounds.' 7:81-82 Honey: ‘ Asal , …There comes forth from their bellies a drink of vary- ing hues.Therein is healing for mankind… 16:70 Honour: See also Dignity: of believers, And those who are strict in the observance of their Prayer.70:35 These will be in the Gar- dens, duly honoured.70:36

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~ 259 ~ Those who believe and do good works, for them is for- giveness and an honourable provision; 22:51 Those who take disbeliev- ers for friends rather than believers.Do they seek honour at their hands? Surely, all honour belongs to Allah.4:140 of Holy Books, So let him who desires pay heed to it- 80:13 Contained in honoured Books, 80:14 of Holy Prophet sa , That you should believe in Allah and His Messenger, and may help him, and hon- our him, and that you may glorify Allah morning and evening.48:10 They say, 'If we return to Medina, the one most ex- alted will, surely, drive out there from the one most mean,' while true honour belongs to Allah and to His Messenger and the believ- ers; but the Hypocrites know not.63:9 of man, Indeed, We have honoured the children of Adam, and We carry them by land and sea, and provide them with good things and have ex- alted them far above many of those whom We have created.17:71

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~ 260 ~ of Prophets, A nd he said, 'What thinkest Thou? Can this whom Thou hast honoured above me be my superior? If Thou wilt grant me respite till the Day of Resurrection, I will most surely bring his descend- ants under my sway except a few.' 17:63 Horses: Khail , And He has created horses and mules and asses that you may ride them, and as a source of beauty.And He will create what you do not y et know.16:9 Hour: S a ‘ ah , O people, fear your Lord; verily the earthquake of the Hour is a tremendous thing— 22:2 They ask thee about the Hour: 'When will it come to pass?' Say, 'The knowledge there of is only with my Lord.None can manifest it at its time but He.It lies heavy on the heavens and the earth.It shall not come upon you but of a sudden.' 7:188 ap- pointed time, And for every people there is a term, and when their term is come, they cannot remain behind a single mo- ment, nor can they get ahead of it.7:35 Hu r: On that day they will be re- clining on couches arranged in rows.And We shall give them as companions fair

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~ 261 ~ maidens, having wide, beautiful eyes.52:21 H u d as : Prophet of ‘ A d , And unto ‘ A d We sent their brother H u d.He said, 'O my people, worship Allah; you have no other deity but Him.Will you not then fear Him?' 7:66 people punished, And as for ‘ A d, they were destroyed by a fierce howl- ing wind, Which God caused to blow against them for seven nights and eight days continuously, so that thou mightest have seen the people therein ly- ing prostrate, as though they were trunks of palm trees fallen down.69:7-8 H udaibi- yah: treaty of, Verily, those who swear al- legiance to thee, indeed, swear allegiance to Allah.The hand of Allah is over their hands.So who-ever breaks his oath, breaks it to his own loss; and whoever fulfils the covenant that he has made with Allah,.48:11 Hud-hud: Hoopoe, And he reviewed the birds and said, 'How is it that I do not see Hudhud? Is he de- liberately absent?...27:21 H ujjah : Messengers, bearers of glad tidings and Warners, so that people may have no plea against Allah after the com- ing of the Messengers….4:166

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~ 262 ~ See also Arguments & Rea- soning: Human Nature: … And follow the nature made by Allah, the nature ac- cording to which He has fashioned mankind.There is no altering the creation of Al- lah… 30:31 See also Man: Humility: See Moral Traits: H unain: B attle of, Surely, Allah has helped you on many a battlefield, and on the Day of H unain, when your great numbers made you proud, but they availed you naught; and the earth, with all its vastness, became straitened for you, and then you turned back retreating.9:25 Hunting: O ye who believe! kill not game while you are in a state of Pilgrimage….5:96 Hypo- crites: Mun a fi- q i n , When the Hypocrites come to thee, they say, 'We bear witness that thou art the Messenger of Allah.' And Allah knows that thou art indeed His Messenger, but Allah also bears witness that the Hypocrites cer- tainly are liars.63:2 Give to the hypocrites the tidings that for them is a grievous punishment; 4:139 The hypocrites seek to de- ceive Allah, but He will pun- ish them for their deception.And when they stand up for Prayer, they stand up lazily

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~ 263 ~ and to be seen of men, and they remember Allah but lit- tle.4:143 Ask thou forgiveness for them, or ask thou not for- giveness for them; even if thou ask forgiveness for them seventy times, Allah will never forgive them… 9:80 avoided fighting, And that He might cause the hypocrites to be distin- guished.And it was said to them, 'Come ye, fight in the cause of Allah and repel the attack of the enemy;' they said, 'If we knew how to fight, we would surely fol- low you.They were, that day, nearer to disbelief than to belief.They say with their mouths what is not in their hearts… 3:168 vile boast of ¬ , They say, 'If we return to Medina, the one most ex- alted will, surely, drive out there from the one most mean,' while true honour belongs to Allah and to His Messenger and the believ- ers; but the Hypocrites know not.63:9 wishful thinking of ¬ 'Nay, you thought that the Messenger and the believ- ers would never return to their families, and that was made to appear pleasing to your hearts, and you thought an evil thought, and

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~ 264 ~ you were a ruined people.' 48:13

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~ 265 ~ I Ibl i s: Devil, banished, rejected, God said, 'Get out hence, despised and banished.Whosoever of them shall follow thee, I will surely fill Hell with you all;' 7:19 enemy of Adam, Then We said, 'O Adam, this is an enemy to thee and to thy wife; so let him not drive you both out of the garden, lest thou come to grief; 20:118 is from Jinn, And call to mind the time when We said to the angels, 'Submit to Adam,' and they all submitted but Iblis did not.He was one of the jinn; and he disobeyed the com- mand of his Lord… 18:51 of fiery nature, And the jinn He created of the flame of Fire.55:16 refused to submit, But Ibl i s did not; he refused to be among those who sub- mit.15:32 He answered, 'I am not go- ing to submit to a mortal whom Thou hast created of dry ringing clay, of black mud wrought into shape.' 15:34 Ibr a h i- m as : See Abraham:

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~ 266 ~ ‘Iddah: waiting period, And as for those of you who die and leave wives behind, these (wives) shall wait concerning themselves for four months and ten days … 2:235 And the divorced women shall wait con-cerning them- selves for three courses;… 2:229 O ye who believe! when you marry believing women and then divorce them before you have touched them, then you have no right to reckon the period of waiting with re- gard to them… 33:50 And if you are in doubt as to the prescribed period for such of your women as have despaired of monthly courses, then know that the prescribed period for them is three months, and also for such as do not have their monthly courses yet.And as for those who are with child, their pe- riod shall be until they are de- livered of their burden.65:5 Idolaters pagans, Mush- rik i n, And this is a proclamation from Allah and His Messen- ger to the people on the day of the Greater Pilgrimage, that Allah is clear of the idol- aters, and so is His Messen- ger.So if you repent, it will be better for you; but if you turn away, then know that

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~ 267 ~ you cannot frustrate the plan of Allah… 9:3 Abra- ham’s aversion for ¬ , And call to mind when Abraham said, 'My Lord, make this city a city of peace, and preserve me and my children from worship- ping idols, 14:36 for- giveness for ¬ , It does not behove the Prophet and those who be- lieve that they should ask of Allah forgiveness for the idolaters, even though they may be their kinsmen, after it has become plain to them that they are the compan- ions of Hell.9:113 are liars, And when those, who asso- ciate partners with Allah, will see their associate- gods, they will say, 'Our Lord, these are our associ- ate-gods whom we used to call upon instead of Thee.' Thereupon they will retort on them with the words, 'Surely, you are liars.' 16:87 disbarred from Ka ‘ bah , O ye who believe! surely, the idolaters are unclean.So they shall not approach the Sacred Mosque after this year of theirs… 9:28 evil prac- tices of, Losers indeed are they who slay their children foolishly for lack of knowledge, and make unlawful what Allah has provided for them, forg- ing a lie against Allah.6:141

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~ 268 ~ their gods produce nothing, are help- less, dead, Do they associate with Him as partners those who create nothing, and are themselves created? And they can give them no help, nor can they help themselves.7:192-193 steeped in error, He said, 'Then, you, as well as your fathers, have indeed been in manifest error.' 21:55 punish- ment for ¬ , We shall cast terror into the hearts of those that have dis- believed because they associ- ate partners with Allah, for which He has sent down no authority.Their abode is the Fire; … 3:152 Idr i s as : See Enoch: Ifk: A Great Lie Verily, those who invented the great lie are a party from among you.Think not that this incident is an evil for you; nay, it is good for you.Every one of them shall have his share of what he has earned of the sin; … 24:12 ‘ Ifr i t : A powerful chieftain from among the jinn said, 'I will bring it to thee before thou strikest thy camp; and in- deed I possess power therefore and I am trust- worthy.' 27:40 I l a ’: vow of absti- nence, For those who vow absti- nence from their wives, the maximum period of waiting is four months; then if they

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~ 269 ~ go back to their normal re- lationship, surely, Allah is Most Forgiving, Merciful.2:227 Il ha d: de- viation, … and whoso seeks wrong- fully to deviate therein f rom the right path- We shall cause him to taste of a grievous punishment.22:26 ‘Illiyy i n: exalted, Nay , but the record of the righteous is, surely, in 'Illiyy u n And what should make thee know what 'Illiyy u n is? 83:19-20 Ily a s as : See Elijah: Im a m: And those who say, 'Our Lord, grant us of our wives and children the delight of our eyes, and make us a model for the righteous.' 25:75 And We made them leaders who guided people by Our command, and We sent rev- elation to them enjoining the doing of good works, and the observance of Prayer, and the giving of alms.And Us alone they worshipped.21:74 I m a n: See Belief: Inmates of Fire: But they who will disbe- lieve and treat Our Signs as lies, these shall be the in- mates of the Fire; herein shall they abide.2:40

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~ 270 ~ Inmates of Heaven: But as to those who believe and do good works —and We charge not any soul be- yond its capacity—these are the inmates of Heaven; they shall abide therein.7:43 And the inmates of the Fire will call out to the inmates of Heaven, 'Pour out on us some water or some of that which Allah has provided for you.' They will say, 'Verily, Allah has forbidden them both to disbelievers, 7:51 Inmates of Hell: And as for those who dis- believe and reject Our Signs, they are the people of Hell.5:11 Immi- grants: Those who believe and those who emigrate and strive hard in the cause of Allah, it is these who hope for Allah's mercy;… 2:219 See also Hijrah: Emigra- tion: Immun- ity: Bar a ’ ah , Are your disbelievers better than those? Or, have you an immunity in the Scriptures? 54:44 See also Vin- dication: ‘Imr a n: And sets forth as an exam- ple Mary, the daughter of ‘Imr a n, who guarded her chastity—so We breathed into him of Our Spirit… 66:13 ’Imth a l: See Parables:

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~ 271 ~ In‘ a m: favour, And whoso obeys Allah and this Messenger shall be among those on whom Allah has bestowed His blessings— the Prophets, the Truthful, the Martyrs, and the Righteous.And an excellent company are they.4:70 The path of those on whom Thou hast bestowed Thy fa- vours,… 1:7 Inde- cency: Fa h i sh a ’, And those who, when they commit a foul deed or wrong themselves, remem- ber Allah and implore for- giveness for their sins—and who can forgive sins except Allah—and do not know- ingly persist in what they do.3:136 … Surely, Prayer restrains one from indecency and manifest evil; and remem- brance of Allah, indeed, is the greatest virtue … 29:46 And go not nigh unto adul- tery, surely, it is a manifest indecency and an evil way.17:33 And We sent Lot as a Mes- senger, when he said to his people, 'Do you commit abomination while you see? 27:55 Infallibil- ity: ‘ I s mah , That Allah may cover up for thee thy shortcomings, past and future, and that He may complete His fa- vour upon thee, and may

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~ 272 ~ impecca- bility, sinless- ness, guide thee on a right path; 48:3 And thou dost, surely, pos- sess sublime moral excel- lences.68:5 Infanti- cide: And when he came to them with truth from Us, they said, 'Slay the sons of those who have believed with him, and let their women live.' But the design of the disbelievers is ever bound to fail.40:26 Infidels: See Disbelievers : Inher- itance: M i r a th , It is prescribed for you, when death comes to any one of you, if he leave much wealth, that he make a will to parents and near relatives to act with fair- ness.This is an obligation on those who fear God.2:181 For men is a share of that which parents and near re- lations leave; and for women is a share of that which parents and near re- lations leave, whether it be little or much—a deter- mined share.4:8 See also Bequests: Inimita- bility: E ‘ ja z , Say, 'If men and jinn should gather together to produce the like of this Qur' a n, they could not produce the like thereof, even though they should help one another.' 17:89

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~ 273 ~ Inj i l: See New Testament: Injustice: Wrong- doing, Z ulm , There is no blame on those who defend themselves af- ter they have been wronged.42:42 This day will every soul be requited for that which it has earned.No injustice this day!...40:18 The Messengers are sent be- cause thy Lord would not de- stroy the towns unjustly while their people were un- warned.6:132 Surely, they who devour the property of orphans unjustly, only swallow fire into their bellies, and they shall burn in a blazing fire.4:11 See also Transgression: Unjust: Wrongdoer: Innova- tion: Bid ‘ at , Say, 'I am no innovation among Messengers, nor do I know what will be done with me or with you.I only follow what is revealed to me; and I am but a plain Warner.' 46:10 Insh a al- l a h: And when they came to Jo- seph, he put up his parents with himself and said, 'En- ter Egypt in peace, if it please Allah.' 12:100 Inten- tion: Niyyah , Ikhl as , He is the Living God.There is no god but He.So pray unto Him, devoting your wor-ship wholly and sin- cerely to Him… 40:66

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~ 274 ~ Allah will not call you to account for such of your oaths as are vain, but He will call you to account for what your hearts have earned… 2:226 Interces- sion: Shif a ‘ ah , And guard yourselves against the day when no soul shall serve as a substi- tute for another soul at all, nor shall intercession be ac- cepted for it, nor shall ran- som be taken from it, nor shall they be helped.2:49 Whoso makes a righteous intercession shall have a share thereof, and whoso makes an evil intercession, shall have a like portion thereof, 4:86 Interest: Rib a , usury, And because of their taking interest although they had been forbidden it, and be- cause of their devouring people's wealth wrongfully.And We have prepared for those of them, who disbe- lieve, a painful punishment.4:162 O ye who believe! devour not interest involving multi- ple additions, and fear Al- lah that you may prosper.3:131 Those who devour interest do not rise except as rises one whom Satan has smit- ten with insanity.That is because they say, 'Trade

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~ 275 ~ also is like interest;' whereas Allah has made trade lawful and has made interest unlawful… 2:276 Interme- diary: Was i lah , And they worship, instead of Allah, that which neither harms them nor profits them; and they say, 'These are our intercessors with Allah.'… 10:19 Interpre- tation: rules He it is Who has sent down to thee the Book; in it there are verses that are firm and decisive in meaning—they are the basis of the Book— and there are others that are susceptible of different in- terpretations….3:8 … And none knows its right interpretation except Allah and those who are firmly grounded in knowledge; 3:8 Intoxi- cants: Shar a b They ask thee concerning wine and games of chance.Say, 'In both there is great sin and harm and also some advantages for men; but their sin and harm are greater than their ad- vantage…' 2:220 Iram: The tribe of Iram, posses- sors of lofty buildings? 89:8 Iron: H ad i d , … and We sent down iron, wherein is material for vio- lent warfare and diverse uses for mankind, and that Allah may know those who

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~ 276 ~ help Him and His Messen- gers without having seen Him… 57:26 Irtid a d: See Apostate: ‘ I s a as : See Jesus: Isaac: Is ha q as , And We gave him the glad tidings of Isaac, a Prophet, and one of the righteous.37:113 Ishmael: Is ma ‘ i l as , … 'O my dear son, I have seen in a dream that I offer thee in sacrifice.So con- sider what thou thinkest of it!' He replied, 'O my fa- ther, do as thou art com- manded; thou wilt find me, if Allah please, steadfast in my faith.' 37:103 … He was indeed true to his promises.And he was a Mes- senger, a Prophet.19:55 And remember the time when Abraham and Ishmael raised the foundations of the House, praying, 'Our Lord, accept this from us; … 2:128 Islam: accepting ¬ , a favour! They presume to regard it as a favour to thee that they have embraced Islam.Say, 'Deem not your embracing Islam as a favour unto me.On the contrary, Allah has bestowed a favour upon you in that He has guided you to the true Faith, if you are truthful.' 49:18

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~ 277 ~ accounta- bility in ¬ , And if they charge thee with lying, say, 'For me is my work and for you is your work.You are not ac- countable for what I do and I am not accountable for what you do.' 10:42 And We will certainly question those to whom the Messengers were sent and We will certainly question the Messengers.7:7 continua- tion of previous teachings He has prescribed for you the religion which He en- joined on Noah, and which We have now revealed to thee, and which We en- joined on Abraham and Moses and Jesus, … 42:14 Divine light of ¬ , … Light upon light! Allah guides to His light whom- soever He pleases.And Al- lah sets forth parables for men, and Allah knows all things full well.24:36 See also Light : enemies of ¬ , The only reward of those, who wage war against Al- lah and His Messenger and strive to create disorder in the land, is that they be slain or crucified or their hands and feet be cut off on account of their enmity, or they be expelled from the land.That shall be a dis- grace for them in this world, and in the Hereafter

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~ 278 ~ they shall have a great pun- ishment; 5:34 They will not fight you in a body except in strongly for- tified towns or from behind the walls… 59:15 enjoins justice, kindness O ye who believe! be stead- fast in the cause of Allah, bearing witness in equity; and let not a people's en- mity incite you to act other- wise than with justice.Be always just, that is nearer to righteousness… 5:9 Allah forbids you not re- specting those who have not fought against you on account of your religion, and who have not driven you out from your homes, that you be kind to them and deal equitably with them; … 60:9 And worship Allah and asso- ciate naught with Him, and show kindness to parents, and to kindred, and orphans, and the needy, and to the neigh- bour who is a kinsman and the neighbour who is a stranger, and the companion by your side, and the way- farer, and those whom your right hands possess… 4:37 See also Justice: final, perfected...This day have I perfected your religion for you and completed My favour upon

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~ 279 ~ you and have chosen for you Islam as religion … 5:4 And whoso seeks a religion other than Islam, it shall not be accepted of him, and, in the Hereafter he shall be among the losers.3:86 See also Atmamtu: Akmaltu: interfaith harmony, And who is more unjust than he who prohibits the name of Allah being glori- fied in Allah's temples and strives to ruin them? It was not proper for such men to enter therein except in fear.For them is disgrace in this world; and theirs shall be a great punishment in the next.2:115 Say, 'O People of the Book! come to a word equal be- tween us and you-that we worship none but Allah, and that we associate no partner with Him, and that some of us take not others for Lords beside Allah.'… 3:65 no compul- sion in ¬ , There is no compulsion in religion.Surely, the right way has become distinct from error; … 2:257 And if thy Lord had en- forced His Will, surely, all who are in the earth would have believed together.Wilt thou, then, force men to become believers? 10:100

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~ 280 ~ And say, it is the truth from your Lord; wherefore let him who will, believe, and let him, who will, disbe- lieve.' 18:30 See also Compulsion: Apostate: no hard- ship in ¬ , He has chosen you and has laid no hardship upon you in the matter of religion; so follow the faith of your fa- ther Abraham; He has named you Muslims both before and in this Book,….22:79 … Our Lord, burden us not with what we have not the strength to bear; and efface our sins and grant us for- giveness and have mercy on us; ….2:287 propaga- tion of ¬ , And let there always be among you a body of men who should invite to good- ness, and enjoin virtue and forbid evil….3:105 And argue not with the People of the Book except with what is best as an ar- gument, but argue not at all with such of them as are unjust… 29:47 See also Preaching: spiritual rewards, And whoso obeys Allah and this Messenger shall be among those on whom Allah has bestowed His blessings— the Prophets, the Truthful, the Martyrs, and the Righteous.

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~ 281 ~ And an excellent company are they.4:70 teachings of ¬ , This Messenger of Ours be- lieves in that which has been revealed to him from his Lord, and so do the be- lievers; all of them believe in Allah, and in His angels, and in His Books, and in His Messengers, saying, We make no distinction be- tween any of His Messen- gers;'… 2:286 Say, 'My Prayer and my sacrifice and my life and my death are all for Allah, the Lord of the worlds; 6:163 true reli- gion is ¬ , Surely, the true religion with Allah is Islam….3:20 triumph of ¬ , When the help of Allah comes and the Victory, And thou seest men enter- ing the religion of Allah in troops, 110:2-3 ‘I s mah: See Infallibility: Isr a’: spiritual night journey, Glory be to Him Who car- ried His servant by night from the Sacred Mosque to the Distant Mosque,… 17:2 See also Mi‘r a j: Israel: Isr a ‘ i l , These are the people upon whom Allah bestowed His blessings from among the Prophets of the posterity of Adam, and of the posterity of those whom We carried in the Ark with Noah, and

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~ 282 ~ of the posterity of Abraham and Israel ;… 19:59 And after him We said to the Children of Israel, 'Dwell ye in the promised land; and when the time of the promise of the Latter Days comes, We shall bring you together out of various peoples.' 17:105 Israelites: And We gave Moses the Book and We made it a guidance for the Children of Israel, commanding 'Take ye no guardian beside Me', 17:3 Allah’s favour on ¬ , O Children of Israel! re- member My favours which I bestowed upon you and that I exalted you above the peoples of the time.2:48 belief of ¬.Surely, We sent down the Torah wherein was guidance and light.By it did the Proph- ets, who were obedient to Us, j udge for the Jews, as did the godly people and those learned in the Law; because they were required to pre- serve the Book of Allah, and because they were guardians over it.5:45 covenant of ¬ , O Children of Israel! re- member My favours which I bestowed upon you, and fulfil your covenant with Me, I will fulfil My cove- nant with you, and Me alone should you fear.2:41

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~ 283 ~ demand- ing nature of ¬, And remember when you said, 'O Moses, surely, we will not remain content with one kind of food; pray, then, to thy Lord for us that He may bring forth for us of what the earth grows-of its herbs and its cucumbers and its wheat and its lentils and its onions.'… 2:62 exodus of ¬ , And We directed Moses by revelation: 'Take away My servants by night, and strike for them a dry path through the sea, fearing not to be overtaken, nor having any other fear… 20:78 Prophet- hood among ¬ And remember when Moses said to his people, 'O my peo- ple, call to mind Allah's fa- vour upon you when He raised Prophets among you and made you kings, … 5:21 punish- ment, God said: 'verily it shall be forbidden them for forty years; in distraction shall they wander through the land.So grieve not over the rebellious people.' 5:27 And because of their taking interest although they had been forbidden it, and be- cause of their devouring peo- ple's wealth wrongfully.And We have prepared for those of them, who disbelieve, a painful punishment.4:162 reverted to And when We made Moses a promise of forty nights,

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~ 284 ~ idolatry, then you took the calf for worship in his absence and you were transgressors.2:52 suffered cruelties, And remember the time when We delivered you from Phar- aoh's people who afflicted you with grievous torment, slaughtering your sons and sparing your women… 7:142 trans- gressions of ¬ , And surely, you have known the end of those amongst you, who transgressed in the mat- ter of the Sabbath.So We said to them, 'Be ye apes, des- pised.' 2:66 So, because of their breaking their covenant, We have cursed them and have hard- ened their hearts.They per- vert the words from their p roper places and have for- gotten a good part of that with which they were ex- horted.And thou wilt not cease to discover treachery on their part, except a few of them….5:14 Istaw a : He is the Gracious God Who has settled Himself firmly on the Throne.20:6 And when he reached his age of full strength and at- tained maturity, We be- stowed wisdom and knowledge upon him; and thus do We reward those who do good.28:15

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~ 285 ~ Then He turned to the heaven, while it was some- thing like smoke, and said to it and to the earth; 'Come ye both of you in obedi- ence, willingly or unwill- ingly.' They said, 'We come willingly.41:12 I s tif a’ : chooses, Allah chooses His Messen- gers from among angels and from among men.22:76 I t m i ’n a n: satisfac- tion, And remember when Abra- ham said, 'My Lord, show me how Thou givest life to the dead.' God said, 'Dost thou not believe?' Abraham said, 'Yes, but I ask this that my heart may be at ease…..2:261 I‘tik a f: … Then complete the fast till nightfall and do not go in unto them while you re- main in the mosques for de- votion….2:188

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~ 286 ~ J Jacob: Ya ‘ q u b , Prophet, … and perfect His favour upon thee and upon the family of Jacob as He per- fected it upon thy two fore- fathers-Abraham and Isaac….12:7 sons of ¬ , Were you present when death came to Jacob, when he said to his sons, 'What will you worship after me?' They answered, 'We will worship thy God, the God of thy fathers, Abraham and Ishmael and Isaac, the One God; and to Him we submit ourselves.' 2:134 Jahan- nam: See Hell: J a hi- liyyah: And stay in your houses with dignity, and display not your beauty like the dis- playing of the former days of ignorance, and observe Prayer, and pay the Zakat, and obey Allah and His Messenger….33:34 Jal a b i b: garments O Prophet! tell thy wives and thy daughters, and the women of the believers, that they should pull down upon them of their outer cloaks from their heads over their faces.That is more likely that they may

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~ 287 ~ thus be recognized and not molested … 33:60 See also Purdah: Jaldah: See Flogging: J a l u t: See Goliath: Jannah: See Paradise: Jaz a ’: See also Reward: justice in ¬ , Surely, Allah wrongs not any one even so much as the weight of an atom.And if there be a good deed, He multiplies it and gives from Himself a great reward.4:41 of believ- ers, of right- eous, A recompense from thy Lord—a gift amply suffi- cient— 78:37 of disbe- lievers, Jews, wrongdo- ers, Satan, A llah said, 'Begone! and whoso shall follow thee from among them, Hell shall surely be the recompense of you all—a full recompense; 17:64 That is the reward of the enemies of Allah—the Fire.For them there will be an abiding home therein as a requital because they per- sisted in denying Our Signs.41:29 They should laugh little and weep much as a reward for that which they used to earn.9:82 of an injury, Remember that the recom- pense of an injury is an in- jury the like thereof; but whoso forgives and thereby

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~ 288 ~ brings about an improve- ment, his reward is with Al- lah.Surely, He loves not the wrongdoers.42:41 of Holy Prophet sa Say, 'I ask of you no recom- pense for it, save that whoso chooses may take a way that leads to his Lord.' 25:58 Jerusa- lem: Or hast thou not heard of the like of him who passed by a town which had fallen down upon its roofs and ex- claimed, 'When will Allah restore it to life after its de- struction?' ….2:260 Jesus: anointed, honoured When the angels said, 'O Mary, Allah gives thee glad tidings of a son through a Word from Him; his name shall be the Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary, honoured in this world and in the next, and of those who are granted nearness to God ; 3:46 'And He has made me blessed wheresoever I may be, and has enjoined upon me Prayer and almsgiving so long as I live; 19:32 birth of ¬ , She said, 'My Lord, how shall I have a son, when no man has touched me?' He said, "Such is the way of Allah.He creates what He pleases.When He decrees a thing, He says to it, 'Be,' and it is; 3:48

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~ 289 ~ So she conceived him, and withdrew with him to a re- mote place.19:23 Surely, the case of Jesus with Allah is like the case of Adam.He created him out of dust, then He said to him, 'Be,' and he was.3:60 buried in Kashmir, And We made the son of Mary and his mother a Sign, and gave them shelter on an elevated land of green valleys and springs of running water.23:51 crucifix- ion of ¬ , And for their saying, 'We did slay the Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary, the Messenger of Allah;' whereas they slew him not, nor did they bring about his death on the cross, but he was made to appear to them like one crucified; ….4:158 exaltation of ¬ , rafa‘, Remember the time when Allah said, 'O Jesus, I will cause thee to die a natural death and will raise thee to Myself, and will clear thee of the charges of those who disbelieve, ….3:56 followed Torah, Gospel, And We caused Jesus, son of Mary, to follow in their foot- steps, fulfilling that which was revealed before him in the Torah; and We gave him the Gospel which contained guidance and light, fulfilling that which was revealed be- fore him in the Torah; 5:47

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~ 290 ~ miracles of ¬ , And will send him as a Messenger to the Children Of Israel with the Message, ‘I come to you with a Sign from your Lord, which is, that I will fashion out for you a creation out of clay after the manner of a bird; then I will breathe into it a new spirit and it will be- come a soaring being by the command of Allah; and I will heal the night-blind and the leprous, and I will quicken the dead, by the command of Allah; and I will announce to you what you will eat and what you will store up in your houses’ … 3:50 mission of ¬ , And will send him as a Messenger to the Children Of Israel ….3:50 He was only Our servant, on whom We bestowed Our favour, and We made him an example for the Children of Israel.43:60 And call to mind when Je- sus, son of Mary, said, 'O Children of Israel, surely, I am Allah's Messenger unto you, … 61:7 … whereas the Messiah himself said, 'O Children of Israel, worship Allah Who is my Lord and your Lord… ' 5:73

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~ 291 ~ natural death of ¬ , And Muhammad is but a Messenger.Verily, all Mes- sengers have passed away before him….3:145 Remember the time when Allah said, 'O Jesus, I will cause thee to die a natural death and will raise thee to Myself,… 3:56 …whereas they slew him not, nor did they bring about his death on the cross, but he was made to appear to them like one crucified; … 4:158 On the contrary, Allah ex- alted him to Himself… 4:159 The Messiah, son of Mary, was only a Messenger; surely Messengers like unto him had passed away before him.….5:76 And I was a witness over them as long as I remained among them, but since Thou didst cause me to die, Thou hast been the Watcher over them, ….5:118 Nor did We give them bod- ies that ate not food, neither were they to live for ever.21:9 We granted not everlasting life to any mortal before thee.If thou shouldst die, shall they live here for ever? 21:35

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~ 292 ~ But as for those for whom the promise of a good reward has already gone forth from Us, these will be removed far from it.21:102 They will not hear the slightest sound thereof, and they shall abide in the state which their souls desire.21:103 And it is an inviolable law for a township which We have destroyed that they shall not return.21:96 Those are a people that have passed away, for them is that which they earned, and for you is what you earn, and you shall not be questioned as to what they did.2:135 'And He has made me blessed wheresoever I may be, and has enjoined upon me Prayer and almsgiving so long as I live; 19:32 'And peace was on me the day I was born, and peace will be on me the day I shall die, and the day I shall be raised up to life again.' 19:34 … And there are some of you who are caused to die in the normal course, and there are others among you who are kept back till the worst part of life with the

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~ 293 ~ result that they know noth- ing after having had knowledge….22:6 … and for you there is an abode in the earth and a provision for a time.' 2:37 And him whom We grant long life—We revert him to a weak state in creation.Will they not then under- stand? 36:69 Allah is He Who created you in a state of weakness, and after weakness gave y ou strength; then, after strength, caused weakness and old age.30:55 And We did not send any Messengers before thee but surely they ate food and walked in the streets.25:21 And those on whom they call beside Allah create not anything, but they are them-selves created.16:21 They are dead, not living; and they know not when they will be raised.16:22 All that is on earth will pass away; And there will abide for ever only the Person of thy Lord, Master of Glory and Honour.55:27-28 Wheresoever you may be, death will overtake you, even if you be in strongly built towers….4:79

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~ 294 ~ …or thou ascend up into heaven; and we will not be- lieve in thy ascension until thou send down to us a Book that we can read.' Say, 'Holy is my Lord! I am but a mortal sent as a Messenger.' 17:94 … And for you there is an abode on the earth and a provision for a time.' 7:25 He said, 'Therein shall you live and therein shall you die and therefrom shall you be brought forth.' 7:26 Have We not made the earth so as to hold.The liv- ing and the dead? 77:26-27 Call to mind the day when We shall summon every people with their Leader… 17:72 See also: Death: Angels: persecu- tion of ¬ , ….Will you, then, every time a Messenger comes to you with what you your- selves desire not, behave arrogantly and treat some as liars and slay others? 2:88 Sonship of ¬ , di- vinity of ¬ , trinity of ¬ denied, Say, 'If the Gracious God had a son, I would have been the first of worship- pers.' 43:82 It does not befit the majesty of Allah to take unto Him- self a son… 19:36

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~ 295 ~ And say, 'All praise belongs to Allah Who has taken unto Himself no son, and Who has no partner in His Kingdom, nor has He any- one to help Him because of any weakness of His.' … 17:112 Jewelry: See Ornaments: Jews: …And We have cast among them enmity and hatred till the Day of Resurrection.Whenever they kindle a fire for war, Allah extinguishes it.And they strive to create disorder in the earth, and Allah loves not those who create disorder.5:65 So, because of the trans- gression of the Jews, We forbade them pure things which had been allowed to them, and also because of their hindering many men from Allah's way, 4:161 And because of their tak- ing interest although they had been forbidden it, and because of their devouring people's wealth wrongfully.And We have prepared for those of them, who disbe- lieve, a painful punishment.4:162 Jews: of Arabia, Thou shalt certainly find the Jews and those who as- sociate partners with Allah to be the most vehement of

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~ 296 ~ men in enmity against the believers… 5:83 O ye who believe! take not for friends a people with whom Allah is wroth; they have, indeed, despaired of the Hereafter … 60:14 If the Hypocrites and those in whose hearts is a disease and those who cause agita- tion in the City by spread- ing false rumours, desist not, We shall, surely, urge thee on against them; then they will not dwell therein as thy neighbours save for a little while.33:61 And He brought those of the People of the Book who had aided them down from their fortresses, and cast terror into their hearts.Some you slew, and some you took captive.33:27 See also Ban i Isr a ’ i l: perverted words,...They pervert words after their being put in their right places; and say, 'If you are given this, then accept it, but if you are not given this, then keep away from it.' And as for him whom Allah desires to try, thou shalt not avail him aught against Allah… 5:42 Jih a d: Qit a l is for Allah, And as for those who strive to meet Us—We will,

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~ 297 ~ surely, guide them in Our ways… 29:70 Those who believed and left their homes f or the sake of God and strove in the cause of Allah with their wealth and their lives have the highest rank in the sight of Allah… 9:20 And whoso strives, strives only for his own soul; ver- ily, Allah is Independent of all His creatures.29:7 permis- sion for ¬ , Permission to take up arms is given to those against whom war is made, because they have been wronged and Allah, indeed, has power to help them— 22:40 Those who have been driven out from their homes un- justly, only because they said, 'Our Lord is Allah.'….22:41 martyrs are not dead, And say not of those who are slain in the way of Allah that they are dead; nay, they are living, only you perceive not.2:155 mighty ¬ , ¬ Kab i r , So obey not the disbelievers and strive against them by means of the Qur' a n with a mighty striving.25:53 waging ¬ , And fight in the way of Allah against those who fight against you, but do not trans- gress ….2:191

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~ 298 ~ And if any one of the idola- ters seeks protection of thee, grant him protection so that he may hear the Word of Allah; then convey him to his place of security… 9:6 And slay these transgres- sors wherever you meet them and drive them out from where they have driven you out; for persecu- tion is worse than slaying.And fight them not in and near the Sacred Mosque un- til they fight you therein.But if they fight you, then fight them….2:192 And why should you not fight in the cause of Allah and for the rescue of the weak men, women and children-who say, 'Our Lord, take us out of this town whose people are op- pressors, and give us a friend from Thyself and give us from Thyself a helper.' 4:76 Will you not fight a people who have broken their oaths, and who plotted to turn out the Messenger, and they were the first to com- mence hostilities against you? … 9:13

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~ 299 ~ Jinn: creation of Allah, And they hold the jinn to be partners with Allah, alt- hough He created them; … 6:101 creation, purpose, And I have not created the jinn and the men but that they may worship Me.51:57 men, hidden from public eye, And on the day when He will gather them all to- gether, He will say, 'O com- pany of jinn! you won over to yourselves a great many from among men.'… 6:129 And call to mind the time when We said to the angels, 'Submit to Adam,' and they all submitted but Iblis did not.He was one of the jinn; and he disobeyed the com- mand of his Lord… 18:51 A powerful chieftain from among the jinn said, 'I will bring it to thee before thou strikest thy camp; and in- deed I possess power there- for and I am trustworthy.' 27:40 ….And We caused a fount of molten copper to flow for him.And of the jinn were some who worked un- der him by the command of his Lord….34:13 And call to mind when We turned towards thee a party of the jinn who wished to hear the Qur' a n and, when

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~ 300 ~ they were present at its recitation, they said to one another, 'Be silent and lis- ten,'….46:30 O company of jinn and men! if you have power to break through the confines of the heavens and the earth, then break through them.But you cannot break through save with author- ity.55:34 of fiery nature, And the jinn We had cre- ated before of the fire of hot wind.15:28 And the jinn He created of the flame of Fire.55:16 punished like men, … But the word of thy Lord shall be fulfilled: 'Verily, I will fill Hell with the diso- bedient jinn and men all to- gether.' 11:120 Jizyah: See Poll Tax: Job: See Ayy u b as : John: Ya h y a as , God said, 'O Ya h y a , hold fast the Book.' And We gave him wisdom while y et a child, 19:13 And peace was on him the day he was born, and the day he died, and peace will be on him the day he will be raised up to life again….19:16 Jonah: Y u nus as And We also guided Ish- mael and Elisha and Jonah and Lot! And each one of them did We exalt above the people.6:87

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~ 301 ~ Joseph: Y u suf as And the man from Egypt who bought him said to his wife, ‘Make his stay among us honourable.Maybe we will benefit from him or we may adopt him as a son.’ And thus did We establish Joseph in the land, and We did so that We might also teach him the interpretation of things… 12:22 and Poti- phar’s wife, The King said to the women, 'What was the truth of that matter of yours when you sought to seduce Joseph against his will?' They said 'He kept away f rom sin for fear of Allah – we have known no evil against him.' The wife of the 'Aziz said, 'Now has the truth come to light.It was I who sought to seduce him against his will and surely, he is of the truthful.' 12:52 brothers of ¬ , And when they visited Jo- seph, he lodged his brother with himself.And he said, 'I am thy brother; so now grieve not at what they have been doing.' 12:70 dreams of ¬ , And he raised his parents upon the throne and they all fell down prostrate before Allah for him.And he said, 'O my father, this is the ful- filment of my dream of old.My Lord has made it come

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~ 302 ~ true.And He bestowed a fa- vour upon me when He took me out of the prison and brought you from the desert after Satan had stirred up discord between me and my brethren… 12:101 prayers of ¬ , 'O my Lord, Thou hast be- stowed a portion of sover- eignty upon me and taught me the interpretation of dreams.O Maker of the heavens and the earth, Thou art my Protector in this world and the Hereafter.Let death come to me in a state of submission to Thy Will and join me to the righteous.' 12:102 wins trust, And the King said, 'Bring him to me that I may take him specially for my own person.And when he had spoken to him, he said, 'Thou art this day a person of established position and trust with us.' 12:55 J u d i : And it was said, 'O earth, swallow thy water, and O sky, cease raining.' And the water was made to subside and the matter was decided.And the Ark came to rest on Al-J u d i … 11:45 Jumu‘ah: See Friday:

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~ 303 ~ Justice : ‘ Adl , Equity, O ye who believe! be strict in observing justice, and be witnesses for Allah, even though it be against your- selves or against your par- ents or kindred.Whether he, against whom witness is borne, be rich or poor, Allah is more regardful of them both than you are.Therefore follow not your low desires that you may be able to act equitably….4:136 Allah enjoins ¬ , Verily, Allah commands you to give over the trusts to those entitled to them, and that, when you judge between men, you judge with justice…..4:59 ….And He enjoins you to deal equitably with the or- phans…..4:128...And when you speak, ob- serve justice, even if the person concerned be a rela- tive, and fulfill the cove- nant of Allah.That is what He enjoins upon you, that you may take care.' 6:153 Verily, Allah enjoins jus- tice, and the doing of good to others; and giving like kindred; and forbids inde- cency and manifest evil and transgression…..16:91

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~ 304 ~ by Holy Prophet sa..If, then, they come to thee f or judgment, judge between them or turn aside from them.And if thou turn aside from them, they cannot harm thee at all.And if thou judge, judge between them with jus- tice.Surely, Allah loves those who are just.5:43 fight until ¬ done, And if two parties of be- lievers fight each other, make peace between them; then if after that one of them transgresses against the other, fight the party that transgresses until it re- turns to the command of Allah… 49:10 let not hatred prevent ¬ , … and let not a people's en- mity incite you to act other- wise than with justice.Be always just, that is nearer to righteousness … 5:9 punish with ¬ , Remember that the recom- pense of an injury is an in- jury the like thereof; but whoso forgives and thereby brings about an improve- ment, his reward is with Al- lah… 42:41 take not life with- out de- mands of ¬ , ….and that you slay not the soul the slaying of which Allah has forbidden, save in accordance with the de- mands of justice….6:152 weigh & measure with ¬ , ….And give full measure and weight with equity…..6:153

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~ 305 ~ K Ka‘bah: for all Mankind, Surely,the first House founded for all mankind is that at Becca, abounding in blessings and guidance for all peoples.3:97 Allah has made the Ka‘bah, the Sacred House, a means of support and uplift for mankind, … 5:98 for Allah only, And what excuse have they now that Allah should not punish them, when they hinder men from the Sacred Mosque, and they are not its true guardians? Its true guardians are only those who are righteous, but most of them know not.8:35 place of security, And remember the time when We made the House a resort for mankind and a place of security; ….2:126 Do they not see that We have made the sanctuary of Mecca secure for them, while people are snatched away from all around them ? … 29:68 qiblah , And from wheresoever thou comest forth, turn thy face to- wards the Sacred Mosque; and wherever you be, turn your faces towards it that people may have no argu- ment against you, … 2:151

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~ 306 ~ rebuilt, And remember the time when Abraham and Ishmael raised the foundations of the House, praying, 'Our Lord, accept this from us; … 2:128 victory promised Allah, indeed, fulfilled for His Messenger the Vision: You shall, certainly, enter the Sacred Mosque, if Allah will, in security, some of you having their heads shaven and others having their hair cut short, you will have no fear.But He knew what you knew not.He has, in fact, ordained for you, besides that, a victory near at hand.48:28 K a f u r: Camphor, But the virtuous shall drink of a cup, tempered with camphor 76:6 Kal a lah …And if there be a man or a woman whose heritage is to be divided and he or she has neither parent nor child, and he or she has a brother and a sister, then each one of them shall have a sixth….4:13 Kalim a t: words, And if all the trees that are in the earth were pens, and the ocean-seven more oceans to replenish it-were ink, the words of Allah would not be exhausted… 31:28 ' And recite what has been re- vealed to thee of the Book of thy Lord.There is none who

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~ 307 ~ can change His words, and thou wilt find no refuge be- side Him.18:28 Then Adam learnt from his Lord certain words of prayer.So He turned to- wards him with mercy….2:38 And remember when his Lord tried Abraham with certain commandments which he fulfilled, He said, I will make thee a leader of men.' ….2:125 Say, 'O People of the Book! come to a word equal be- tween us and you-that we worship none but Allah, and that we associate no partner with Him, ….3:65 And the case of an evil word is like that of an evil tree, which is uprooted from above the earth and has no stability.14:27 ….And the gracious word of thy Lord was fulfilled for the Children of Israel be- cause they were steadfast; ….7:138 When the angels said, 'O Mary, Allah gives thee glad tidings of a son through a Word from Him; his name shall be the Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary, … 3:46 Kauthar: Surely, We have bestowed upon thee abundance of good; 108:2

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~ 308 ~ Khi d r: Then they found a servant of Ours, upon whom We had bestowed mercy from Us, and whom We had taught knowledge from Ourselves.18:66 Khala’: passing away of Ummah, people, Those are a people that have passed away, … 2:135 do you threaten me that I shall be brought forth again, when generations have already passed away before me?' 46:18 … and the same sentence was proved true concern- ing them as had proved true concerning the communi- ties of jinn and men that had gone before them… 41:26 Thus have We sent thee to a people, before whom other peoples have passed away,… 13:31 ….Such, indeed, was the way of Allah with those who have passed before… 33:39...and have related to you the example of those who have passed away before you,… 24:35 What , then, do they wait for, save the like of the days of p unishment suffered by those who passed away before them?...10:103

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~ 309 ~ of Prophets, The Messiah, son of Mary, was only a Messenger; surely Messengers like unto him had passed away before him… 5:76 And Muhammad is but a Messenger.Verily, all Mes- sengers have passed away before him… 3:145 Kh a tam: See Seal: Kh a tam- un- Nubuw wah: blessings continue, revela- tion to continue, Muhammad is not the father of any of your men, but he is the Messenger of Allah, and the Seal of the Prophets … 33:41 We said, 'Go forth hence, all of you.And if there comes to you guidance from Me, then whoso shall follow My guidance, on them shall come no fear nor shall they grieve.' 2:39 And remember the time when Allah took a covenant from the people through the Proph- ets, saying, 'Whatever I give you of the Book and Wisdom and then there comes to you a Messenger, fulfilling that which is with you, you shall believe in him and help him.' A nd He said, 'Do you agree, and do you accept the respon- sibility which I lay upon you in this matter?' They said,

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~ 310 ~ 'We agree.' He said, 'Then bear witness and I am with you among the witnesses.' 3:82 And call to mind when We took from the Prophets their covenant, and from thee, and from Noah and Abraham, and Moses and Jesus, son of Mary, and We, indeed, took from them a solemn covenant; 33:8 Allah would not leave the believers in the state in which you are, until He separated the wicked from the good.Nor would Allah reveal to you the unseen.But Allah chooses of His Messengers whom He pleases.Believe, therefore, in Allah and His Messen- gers… 3:180 And if there comes to you guidance from Me, then whoso will follow My guid- ance, will not go astray, nor will he come to grief; 20:124 And whoso obeys Allah and this Messenger shall be among those on whom Allah has bestowed His blessings- the Prophets, the Truthful, the Martyrs, and the Righteous.And an excellent company are they.4:70

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~ 311 ~ And when there comes to them a Sign, they say, 'We will not believe until we are given the like of that which Allah's Messengers have been given.' Allah knows best where to place His Message… 6:125 O children of Adam, if Messengers come to you from among yourselves, re- hearsing My Signs unto you, then whoso shall fear God and do good deeds, on them shall come no fear nor shall they grieve.7:36 Allah chooses His Messen- gers from among angels and from among men Surely, Allah is All-Hear- ing, All-Seeing.22:76 And Joseph, indeed, came to you before with clear proofs, but you ceased not to be in doubt concerning that with which he came to you till, when he died, you said, 'Allah will never raise a Messenger after him.'…..40:35 'And, indeed, they thought, even as you think that Allah would never raise any Mes- senger, 72:8 O ye Messengers, eat of the pure things and do good works… 23:52 Khaulah: See Z ih a r:

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~ 312 ~ Khilafat: Allah has promised to those among you who believe and do good works that He will, surely, make them Succes- sors in the earth, as He made Successors from among those who were before them; and that He will, surely, es- tablish for them their religion which He has chosen for them; and that He will, surely, give them in ex- change security and peace after their fear; They will worship Me, and they will not associate anything with Me… 24:56 Khul‘: ….But, if you fear that they cannot observe the limits prescribed by Allah, then it shall be no sin for ei- ther of them in what she gives to get her freedom….2:230 Killing: And those who call not on any other god along with Allah, nor slay a person whose slaying Allah has forbidden except for a just cause, … 25:69 It does not behove a be- liever to slay a believer un- less it be by mistake.And he who slays a believer by mistake shall free a believ- ing slave, and pay blood- money to be handed over to his heirs, … 4:93

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~ 313 ~ And for their saying, 'We did slay the Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary, the Messenger of Allah;' whereas they slew him not, nor did they bring about his death on the cross, … 4:158 On account of this, We pre- scribed for the Children of Israel that whosoever killed a person-unless it be for killing a person or for creat- ing disorder in the land-it shall be as if he had killed all mankind; … 5:33 ….and that you slay not your children for fear of poverty-it is We Who pro- vide for you and for them … 6:152 And a believing man from among the people of Phar- aoh, who kept hidden his faith, said, "Will you slay a man because he says, 'My Lord is Allah,' while he has also brought you clear proofs from your Lord? ….40:29 Surely, those who deny the Signs of Allah and seek to slay the Prophets unjustly and seek to slay such men as en- join equity— announce to them a painful punishment.3:22 See also Murder: Kir a man K a tib i n: Surely, there are guardians over you, 82:11 Noble Recorders, 82:12

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~ 314 ~ Knowled ge: ‘ Ilm , See also Allah: Holy Prophet sa : Qur’ a n: Allah bestows ¬ We gave Solomon the right understanding of the matter and to each of them We gave wisdom and knowledge…..21:80 Only those of His servants who are endowed with knowledge fear Allah.35:29...Say, Are those who know equal to those who know not?' Verily, only those en- dowed with understanding will take heed.39:10 Allah will raise those who believe from among you, and those whom knowledge is given, to degrees of rank… 58:12 and Allah, He knows all that is before them and all that is behind them, but they cannot com- pass it with their knowledge.20:111 They said, 'Holy art Thou! No knowledge have we ex- cept what Thou hast taught us; surely, Thou art the All- Knowing, the Wise.' 2:33 and be- lievers, But those among them who are firmly grounded in knowledge, and the believ- ers, believe in what has been sent down to thee and what was sent down before thee..4:163

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~ 315 ~ and dis- believers, And among men is he who disputes concerning Allah without knowledge and without guidance and with- out an illuminating Book, 22:9 And when their Messengers came to them with manifest Signs, they exulted in the little knowledge they had.And that at which they mocked encompassed them.40:84 and Holy Prophet sa 'I had no knowledge of the Exalted Assembly when they discussed the matter among themselves, 38:70 Now whoso disputes with thee concerning him, after what has come to thee of knowledge, say to him, 'Come, let us call our sons and your sons, and our women and your women, and our people and your people; ….3:62 and ignorant And among men there are some who dispute about Al- lah without knowledge and follow every rebellious sa- tan – 22:4 And abuse not those whom they call upon besides Allah, lest they, out of spite, abuse Allah in their ignorance….6:109

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~ 316 ~ and man, And when harm touches man, he cries unto Us.But when We bestow on him a favour from Us, he says, 'This has been given to me on account of my own knowledge.'..39:50 Nay, their knowledge re- specting the Hereafter has reached its limit, rather they are in doubt about it; rather they are blind to it.27:67 and Mes- sengers, Say, 'This is my way; I call unto Allah standing on sure knowledge, ….12:109 ' O my father, there has in- deed come to me knowledge such as has not come to thee; so follow me, … 19:44 and old age, And Allah creates you, then He causes you to die; and there are some among you who are driven to the worst state of life with the result that they know nothing af- ter having had knowledge.….16:71 imparting ¬ , It is not possible for the be- lievers to go forth all to- gether.Why, then, does not a party from every section of them go forth that they may become well-versed in religion, and that they may warn their people when they return to them, … 9:122

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~ 317 ~ of unseen, ….Say, 'The knowledge of the unseen belongs only to Allah.….10:21 Qur’ a n for attain- ment of ¬ , And surely We have brought them a Book which We have expounded with knowledge, a guidance and a mercy for a people who believe.7:53 A Book, the verses of which have been expounded in de- tail and which will be repeat- edly read, couched in clear, eloquent language, for a peo- ple who have knowledge, 41:4 Kufr: dis- belief, Surely, those who disbe- lieve after they have be- lieved and then increase in disbelief, their repentance shall not be accepted, ….3:91 Surely, those who have pur- chased disbelief at the price of faith cannot harm Allah at all; and they shall have a grievous punishment.3:178 O ye who believe! take not your fathers and your broth- ers for friends if they prefer disbelief to faith….9:23 Whoso disbelieves in Allah after he has believed—save him who is forced to make a declaration of disbelief while his heart finds peace in faith—but such as open their breasts to disbelief, on

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~ 318 ~ them is Allah's wrath; ….16:107 … but Allah has endeared the faith to you and has made it look beautiful to your hearts, and He has made disbelief, wickedness and disobedience hateful to you….49:8

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~ 319 ~ L Laghw: vain, And who shun all that which is vain, … 23:4 And those who bear not false witness, and when they pass by anything vain, they pass by with dignity; 25:73 They will not hear therein anything vain but only greetings of peace; 19:63 La‘nah: invoca- tion of Allah’s curse, See Curse: Lailatul- Qadr: See Night of Decree: Lamp: Mishk a t , Allah is the Light of the heavens and the earth.His light is as if there were a lustrous niche, wherein is a lamp.The lamp is inside a glass-globe.The globe is, as it were, a glittering star.The lamp is lit from the oil of a blessed tree-an olive … 24:36 And as a Summoner unto Allah by His command, and as a light-giving Lamp.33:47 Lan- guage: Lis a n , And We have not sent any Messenger except with rev- elation in the language of his people in order that he

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~ 320 ~ might make things clear to them….14:5 So We have made the Qur' a n easy in thy tongue that thou mayest give thereby glad tidings to the righteous, and warn thereby a contentious people.19:98 L a t: Now tell me about L a t and 'Uzz a ; 53:20 See also Deities: Law: dietary ¬ , Forbidden to you is the flesh of an animal which dies of it- self; and blood and the flesh of swine; and that on which is invoked the name of any other than Allah; and that which has been strangled; and that which has been beaten to death; and that which has been killed by a fall; and that which has been gored to death; and that of which a wild animal has eaten, except that which you have properly slaughtered; and that which has been slaughtered at an altar as an offering to idols… 5:4 They ask thee what is made lawful for them.Say, 'All good things have been made lawful for you, and what you have taught the beasts and birds of prey to catch for you, training them for hunting and teaching them of what Allah

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~ 321 ~ has taught you.So eat of that which they catch for you, and pronounce thereon the name of Allah.… 5:5 And the food of the People of the Book is lawful for you….5:6 Divine ¬ , Such has ever been the law of Allah; and thou shalt not find any change in the law of Allah.48:24 And the word of thy Lord has been fulfilled in truth and justice.None can change His words, ….6:116 penal ¬ , Remember that the recom- pense of an injury is an in- jury the like thereof; but whoso forgives and thereby brings about an imp-rove- ment, his reward is with Al- lah … 42:41 Lawful: H al a l , It is made lawful for you to go in unto your wives on the night of the fast.They are a sort of garment for you and you are a sort of garment for them….2:188 … That is because they say, 'Trade also is like interest;' whereas Allah has made trade lawful and has made interest unlawful … 2:276 This day all good things have been made lawful for you.And the food of the People of the Book is law- ful for you.And your food is lawful for them.And

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~ 322 ~ lawful for you are chaste believing women and chaste women from among those who were given the Book….5:6 O Prophet! why dost thou forbid thyself that which Allah has made lawful to thee.Thou seekest the pleasure of thy wives? 66:2 Lau h : Nay , but it is a glorious Qur' a n.In a well-guarded tablet.85:22-23 And We wrote for him, upon the Tablets about eve- rything an admonition and an explanation of all things.… 7:146 And We carried him upon that which was made of planks and nails.54:14 Left Hand: record in ¬ , But as for him who is given his record in his left hand, he will say, 'O, would that I had not been given my rec- ord! 69:26 those on ¬ are unlucky And those on the left hand—how unlucky are those on the left hand 56:42 Lesson: ‘ Ibrah , Allah alternates the night and the day.Therein, surely, is a lesson for those who have eyes.24:45 Liar: It is only those who believe not in the Signs of Allah, who forge falsehood, and

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~ 323 ~ they it is who are the liars.16:106 And they wonder that a Warner has come to them from among themselves; and the disbelievers say, 'This is a sorcerer, a great liar.38:5 ….Surely, Allah guides not him who is an ungrateful liar.39:4 Lie: ’Ifk , Kidhb , fabrica- tion, ….And they say, 'It is from Allah;' while it is not from Allah; and they utter a lie against Allah while they know.3:79 But who does greater wrong than he who forges a lie against Allah while he is invited to Islam ? Allah guides not the wrongdoing people.61:8 Life: H ay a t , a struggle, Verily, thou, O man, art toiling along towards thy Lord, a hard toiling; until thou meet Him.84:7 We have, surely, created man to toil and struggle.90:5 creation of ¬ , And set forth for them the similitude of the life of this world.It is like the water which We send down from the sky, and the vegetation of the earth is mingled with it, and then it becomes dry grass broken into pieces

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~ 324 ~ which the winds scatter….18:46 of Hereafter But you prefer the life of this world, Whereas the Hereafter is better and more lasting.87:17-18 of this world, Allah enlarges His provi- sion and straitens it for whomsoever He pleases.And they rejoice in the pre- sent life, while the present life is but a temporary en- joyment as compared with the Hereafter.13:27 Fair-seeming to men is made the love of desired things— women and children, and stored-up heaps of gold and silver, and horses of mark and cattle and crops.That is the provision of the present life;… 3:15 purpose of ¬ , What ! Did you then think that We had created you without purpose, and that you would not be brought back to Us? 23:116 And I have not created the jinn and the men but that they may worship Me.51:57 Light : N u r , D i a ’ They seek to extinguish the light of Allah with their mouths; but Allah refuses but to perfect His light, though the disbelievers may resent it.9:32

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~ 325 ~ ….This is a Book which We have revealed to thee that thou mayest bring man- kind out of the depths of darkness into light, by the command of their Lord,….14:2 The blind and the seeing are not alike, Nor the dark- ness and the light, 35:20-21 Believe, therefore, in Allah and His Messenger, and in the Light which We have sent down….64:9 Living: H ayy , ….And Thou bringest forth the living from the dead and bringest forth the dead from the living….3:28 'And He has made me blessed wheresoever I may be, and has enjoined upon me Prayer and almsgiving so long as I live; 19:32 Leper: Abra s ….and I will heal the night-blind and the leprous, and I will quicken the dead, by the command of Allah; 3:50 Loan: Qar d , Dain , And if the debtor be in straitened circumstances, then grant him respite till a time of ease.And that you remit it as charity shall be better for you, if only you knew.2:281 O ye who believe! when you borrow one from an- other for a fixed period, then write it down….2:283

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~ 326 ~ Qar d -e- H asanah , Who is it that will lend Allah a goodly loan that He may multiply it for him mani- fold? And Allah receives and enlarges,… 2:246 Locust: Then We sent upon them the storm and the locusts and the lice and the frogs and the blood—clear Signs; but they behaved proudly and were a sinful people.7:134 Losers: Kh a sir u n , Who break the covenant of Allah after having estab- lished it, and cut asunder what Allah has bidden to be joined, and create disorder in the earth; it is these that are the losers.2:28 And whoso seeks a religion other than Islam, it shall not be accepted of him, and, in the Hereafter he shall be among the losers.3:86 Losers indeed are they who slay their children foolishly for lack of knowledge, and make unlawful what Allah has provided for them, forging a lie against Allah….6:141 O ye who believe! let not your wealth and your chil- dren divert you from the re- membrance of Allah.And whoever does so—It is they who are the losers.63:10

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~ 327 ~ Lot: L ut as , evil peo- ple of ¬ , And We sent Lot, when he said to his people, 'Do you commit an abomination such as no one in the world ever did before you?' 7:81 Lot's people also rejected the Warners.54:34 people destroy- ed, So when Our decree came to pass, We turned that town upside down and We rained upon it stones of clay, layer upon layer, 11:83 Messen- ger of Al- lah 'Surely, I am unto you a Messenger, faithful to my trust; 26:163 wife of ¬ , Allah sets forth as an exam- ple, for those who disbe- lieve the wife of Noah and the wife of Lot.They were under two righteous serv- ants of Ours, but they acted treacher-ously to them….66:11 Lote Tree: And , certainly, he saw Him a second time, Near the far- thest Lote-tree, 53:14-15 Luqm a n: And We bestowed wisdom on Luqman and said, 'Be grateful to Allah,'….31:13 'O my dear son, observe Prayer and enjoin good and forbid evil and endure pa- tiently whatever may befall

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~ 328 ~ thee Surely, this is of those matters which require high resolve; 31:18 'And turn not thy cheek away from men in scorn, nor walk in the earth haughtily; 31:19

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~ 329 ~ M Ma‘: with, … and know that Allah is with those who fear Him.2:195 among, Except those who repent and amend and hold fast to Allah and are sincere in their obedience to Allah— these are among the believ- ers… 4:147 … Our Lord, forgive us, therefore, our sins and re- mit from us our evils and in death join us with the right- eous; 3:194 But lbl i s did not; he refused to be among those who sub- mit.15:32 And whoso obeys Allah and this Messenger shall be among those on whom Allah has bestowed His blessings— the Prophets, the Truthful, the Martyrs, and the Righteous.And an excellent company are they.4:70 Madyan: Midian, Mad a ’in Sa li h, And to Midian We sent their brother Shu'aib who said, 'O my people, worship Allah, and be mindful of the Last Day and commit not iniquity in the earth, creating disor- der.' 29:37 And when he turned his face towards Midian, he said, 'I hope, my Lord will guide me to the right way.' 28:23

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~ 330 ~ Magians: As to those who believe, and the Jews and the Sabi- ans, and the Christians, and the Magians and the idola- ters; verily, Allah will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection..22:18 Magi- cians: And if We had sent down to thee a writing upon the parchment and they had felt it with their hands even then the disbelievers would have surely said, 'This is nothing but manifest sor- cery.' 6:8 Mahd i : And We made them leaders who guided people by Our command, and We sent rev- elation to them enjoining the doing of good works, and the observance of Prayer, and the giving of alms… 21:74 Makn u n: preserv- ed, In a well-preserved Book, 56:79 Mahr: See Dower-money: Majority: Say, 'The bad and the good are not alike,' even though the abundance of the bad may please thee… 5:101 Malak: M a Mala- kat Ai- m a nu- kum: Bond- woman, See Angels: … And such as desire a deed of manu-mission in writing from among those whom your right hands pos- sess, write it for them if you know any good in them; and give them out of the

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~ 331 ~ wealth of Allah which He has bestowed upon you… 24:34 … and if you fear you will not be able to do justice, then marry only one or marry what your right hands possess….4:4 Man: abode on earth, And We have established you in the earth and provided for you therein the means of sub- sistence.But little thanks do you give.7:11 … And for you there is an abode on the earth and a provision for a time.' 7:25 all subor- dinated to ¬ , And He has subjected to you whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is in the earth; ….45:14 creation of ¬ , O ye people! fear your Lord who created you from a sin- gle soul and of its kind cre- ated its mate, and from them twain spread many men and women;….4:2 And, surely, We created man of dry ringing clay, of black mud wrought into shape.15:27 And He it is Who has created man from water, and has made for him kindred by de- scent and kindred by mar- riage;… 25:55

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~ 332 ~ equality of ¬ , See Equality of Man: not burdened beyond capacity, Allah burdens not any soul beyond its capacity….2 : 287 granted freedom of choice, And He revealed to it the ways of evil and the ways of righteousness 91:9 held accounta- ble, On the Day when Allah will raise them all together.And He will inform them of what they did.Allah has kept account of it, while they have forgotten it...58:7 nature of ¬ , Fi t rat , So set thy face to the service of religion with single- minded devotion.And follow the nature made by Allah, the nature according to which He has fashioned mankind….30:31 Surely, We have created man in the best make; 95:5 not immortal, We granted not everlasting life to any mortal before thee.If thou shouldst die, shall they live here for ever? 21:35 Every soul shall taste of death.3:186 perfec- tion in ¬ , Then He endowed him with perfect faculties and breathed into him of His spirit.And He has given you ears, and eyes, and hearts….32:10 Surely, We have created man in the best make; 95:5

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~ 333 ~ purpose of creation, And I have not created the jinn and the men but that they may worship Me.51:57 We have, surely, created man to toil and struggle.90:5 Qur’ a n, guidance for ¬ Verily, We have revealed to thee the Book comprising all truth for the good of mankind.So whoever fol- lows guidance, follows it for the benefit of his own soul; and whoever goes astray, goes astray only to its detriment…..39:42 rights over women, ….And they (the women) have rights similar to those (of men) over them in eq- uity; but men have a degree of advantage above them…..2:229 Men are guardians over women because Allah has made some of them excel others, and because men spend on them of their wealth….4:35 trial on earth, And We will try you with something of fear and hun- ger, and loss of wealth and lives and fruits; but give glad tidings to those who patiently persevere….2:156 … and We test you with evil and good by way of trial….21:36 vicege- rent on earth, And when thy Lord said to the angels, 'I am about to

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~ 334 ~ place a vicegerent in the earth,...2:31 Manna: (& Salw a ), ….and sent down on you Manna and Salwa, saying, 'Eat of the good things We have provided for you.'… 2:58 Man a sik: And when you have per- formed the acts of worship prescribed for you, celebrate the praises of Allah as you used to celebrate the praises of your fathers, or with even greater devotion….2:201 Mankind: Allah and ¬ , Say , 'I seek refuge in the Lord of mankind, 'The King of mankind, 'The God of mankind, 114:2-4 … And, verily, thy Lord is full of forgiveness for man- kind despite their wrongdo- ing, and verily, thy Lord is also Severe in retribution.13:7 … Have not the believers y et come to know that if Al- lah had enforced His Will He could have surely guided all mankind?..13:32 And, truly, thy Lord is gra- cious to mankind, but most of them are not grateful.27:74 Whatever sources of mercy Allah lays open for man- kind—there is none to with- hold them; and whatever of such sources He withholds,

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~ 335 ~ there is none who can re- lease them after that;..35:3 Day of Judgment & ¬ , 'Our Lord, Thou wilt cer- tainly assemble mankind together on the Day about which there is no doubt;… 3:10 Holy Prophet sa & ¬ , Say, 'O mankind, truly I am a Messenger to you all from Allah to Whom belongs the Kingdom of the heavens and the earth… 7:159 O mankind! the Messenger has indeed come to you with truth from your Lord; believe therefore, it will be better for you… 4:171 Say, 'O mankind, I am but a plain Warner to you; 22:50 And We have not sent thee but as a mercy for all peo- ples.21:108 Mecca and ¬ , Surely, the first House founded for all mankind is that at Becca, … 3:97 Qur’ a n and ¬ , This Book contains clear evidences for mankind and is a guidance and a mercy for a people who possess firm faith.45:21 O mankind! there indeed has come to you an Exhor- tation from your Lord and a healing for whatever dis- ease there is in the hearts, and a guidance and a mercy to the believers.10:58

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~ 336 ~ Ummah and ¬ , Mankind were one commu- nity, then they differed among themselves, so Allah raised Prophets as bearers of good tidings and as warners, and sent down with them the Book con- taining the truth that He might judge between the people wherein they dif- fered….2:214 You are the best people, raised for the good of man- kind,… 3:111 And if thy Lord had en- forced His Will, He would have surely made mankind one people;… 11:119 Man- sions: Bur u j , Wheresoever you may be, death will overtake you, even if you be in strongly built towers… 4:79 And We have, indeed, made mansions of stars in the heaven and have adorned it for beholders.15:17 Maq a m: And for him who fears to stand before his Lord there are two gardens 55:47 Maq a me- Ma h m u d And during a part of the night wake up for its recita- tion—a supererogatory ser- vice for thee.It may be that thy Lord will raise thee to an exalted station.17:80 Maq a me- Ibr a h i m: We said, 'Take ye the sta- tion of Abraham as a place of Prayer.' 2:126

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~ 337 ~ Mary: Maryam , birth of Jesus, And the pains of child-birth drove her unto the trunk of a palm tree.She said, 'O, would that I had died be- fore this and had become a thing quite forgotten!' 19:24 calumny refuted, And for their disbelief and f or their uttering against Mary a grievous calumny; 4:157 chosen, And remember when the angels said, 'O Mary, Allah has chosen thee and puri- fied thee and chosen thee above all women of the time.3:43 divinity denied, And when Allah will say, "O Jesus, son of Mary, didst thou say to men, 'Take me and my mother for two gods beside Allah?"' He will answer, "Holy art Thou, I could never say that to which I had no right….5:117 example for believers And sets forth as an exam- ple Mary, the daughter of ‘Imr a n, who guarded her chastity—so We breathed into him of Our Spirit … 66:13 family of ¬ , Allah chose Adam and Noah and the family of Abraham and the family of ‘Imr a n above all peoples of the time.3:34

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~ 338 ~ Marital Rela- tions: See Marriage: Marriage: See also Divorce: ‘Iddah: I l a ’: cohabita- tion in ¬ , Nik ah , Your wives are a sort of tilth for you; so approach your tilth when and as you like and send ahead some good for yourselves; ….2:224 He it is Who has created you from a single soul and made therefrom its mate, that he might find comfort in her….7:190 And let those who find no means of marriage keep themselves chaste, until Allah grants them means out of His bounty….24:34 contract in ¬ , And how can you take it when one of you may have consorted with the other, and they (the women) have taken from you a strong covenant? 4:22 dowry in ¬ , And give the women their dowries willingly….4:5 And if you divorce them before you have touched them, but have settled upon them a dowry, then half of what you have settled shall be due from you,… 2:238 menstru- ation, And they ask thee concern- ing menstruation.Say, 'It is a harmful thing, so keep away from women during

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~ 339 ~ menstruation, and go not in unto them until they are clean….2:223 of Holy Prophet sa O Prophet! We have made lawful to thee thy wives whom thou hast paid their dowries, and those whom thy right hand possesses from among those whom Allah has given thee as gains of war, and the daughters of thy pa- ternal uncle, and the daugh- ters of thy paternal aunts, and the daughters of thy maternal uncle, and the daughters of thy maternal aunts who have emigrated with thee and any other believing woman if she offers herself for marriage to the Prophet provided the Prophet desires to marry her;….33:51 polygamy in ¬ , And if you fear that you will not be just in dealing with the orphans, then marry of other women as may be agreeable to you, two, or three, or four; and if you fear you will not be able to do justice, then marry only one or marry what your right hands pos- sess… 4:4 Prohibit- ions in ¬ , And marry not idolatrous women until they believe; even a believing bond- woman is better than an idolatress, although she may please you…..2:222

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~ 340 ~ And forbidden to you are married women, except such as your right hands possess… 4:25 proposal in ¬ , And there shall be no blame on you in throwing out a hint regarding a proposal of marriage to these women or in keeping the desire hid- den in your minds.Allah knows that you will think of them in this connec-tion.But make not a contract with them in secret,… 2:236 Martyrs: Shah i d , And say not of those who are slain in the way of Allah that they are dead; nay, they are living, only you perceive not.2:155 Matter: Do not the disbelievers see that the heavens and the earth were a closed-up mass, then We opened them out?..21:31 Measure: Qadr , Allah’s ¬ , Verily, We have created everything in due measure.54:50 And there is not a thing but are limitless treasures thereof with Us and We send it not down except in a known measure.15:22 weight & ¬ ,..And give full measure and weight with equity…..6:153 Meat: See Flesh:

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~ 341 ~ Mecca: Makkah , famine in ¬ , So watch thou for the day when the sky will bring forth a visible smoke, 44:11 spiritual center, And remember the time when We made the House a resort for mankind and a place of security; We said, 'Take ye the station of Abraham as a place of Prayer.' And We commanded Abraham and Ishmael, saying, 'Purify My House for those who perform the circuit and for those who remain therein for devotion and those who bow down and fall prostrate in Prayer.' 2:126 Surely,the first House founded for all mankind is that at Becca, abounding in blessings and guidance for all peoples.3:97 And this Town of Security, 95:4 victory of ¬ , He Who has made the teaching of the Qur' a n bind- ing on thee will most surely bring thee back to thy or- dained place of return.… 28:86 Meccans: And remember when the dis- believers devised plans against thee that they might put thee in confinement or slay thee or expel thee...8:31

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~ 342 ~ Have they feet wherewith they walk, or have they hands wherewith they hold, or have they eyes wherewith they see, or have they ears wherewith they hear? Say, 'Call upon the partners you associate with Allah, then contrive you all against me and give me no respite.7:196 But Allah would not punish them while thou wast among them, and Allah would not punish them while they sought forgiveness.8:34 And they say, 'If we were to follow the guidance with thee, we should be snatched away from our land.' Say to them, 'Have We not estab- lished for them a safe sanctu- ary, to which are brought the fruits of all things, as a provi- sion from Us?...' 28:58 Medi- cine: healing, … There comes forth from their bellies a drink of vary- ing hues.Therein is healing for mankind….16:70 spiritual healing, And We gradually reveal of the Qur' a n that which is a healing and a mercy to the believers;… 17:83 Medina: And of the desert Arabs around you some are hypo- crites; and of the people of Medina also.They persist in hypocrisy… 9:101

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~ 343 ~ It was not proper for the peo- ple of Medina and those around them from among the Arabs of the desert that they should have remained behind the Messenger of Allah or that they should have pre- ferred their own lives to his… 9:120 They say, 'If we return to Medina, the one most ex- alted will, surely, drive out there from the one most mean,' while true honour belongs to Allah and to His Messenger and the believ- ers;… 63:9 Mediter- ranean Sea: He has made the two bodies of water flow.They will one day meet; 55:20 Menstru- ation: See Marriage: Mercy: Allah’s mercy, 'Our Lord, let not our hearts become perverse after Thou hast guided us, and bestow on us mercy from Thyself; surely, Thou art the Great Bestower; 3:9 'He selects for His mercy whomsoever He pleases.3:75 And obey Allah and the Messenger that you be shown mercy.3:133 And when the Qur' a n is re- cited, give ear to it and

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~ 344 ~ keep silence, that you may be shown mercy.7:205 for be- lievers, Those who believe and those who emigrate and strive hard in the cause of Allah, it is these who hope for Allah's mercy;… 2:219 for dis- believers, He said, 'And who despairs of the mercy of his Lord but such as go astray?' 15:57 for parents, And lower to them the wing of humility out of tenderness.And say, 'My Lord, have mercy on them even as they nourished me when I was a little child.' 17:25 Holy Qur’ a n as ¬ , …..There has now come to you a clear evidence from your Lord, and a guidance and a mercy….6:158 on Holy Prophet sa Allah has certainly turned with mercy to the Prophet and to the Emigrants and the Helpers who followed him in the hour of distress, … 9:117 And We have not sent thee but as a mercy for all peo- ples.21:108 on Propets as He said, 'O my people, tell me if I stand on a clear proof from my Lord and He has be- stowed upon me from Him- self a great mercy which has remained obscure to you… 11:29 on re- penters, Verily, Allah accepts the re- pentance of only those who do evil in ignorance and then repent soon after….4:18

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~ 345 ~ prayers for ¬ , … 'Our Lord, bestow on us mercy from Thyself, and furnish us with right guid- ance in our affair.' 18:11 Mernept a h: So this day We will save thee in thy body alone that thou mayest be a Sign to those who come after thee.10:93 Mer- odach: Madruk , Hast thou not heard of him who disputed with Abra- ham about his Lord, be- cause Allah had given him kingdom? … 2:259 Messen- gers: Ras u l , See also Prophets: Allah chooses ¬ , Allah would not leave the believers in the state in which you are, until He separated the wicked from the good.Nor would Allah reveal to you the unseen.But Allah chooses of His Messengers whom He pleases….3:180 Allah chooses His Messen- gers from among angels and from among men.22:76 are mocked, opposed, called li- ars, mad- man, sor- cerers, Will you, then, every time a Messenger comes to you with what you yourselves desire not, behave arro- gantly and treat some as li- ars and slay others? 2:88 Even so there came no Messenger to those before

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~ 346 ~ them, but they said, 'A sor- cerer or a madman.' 51:53 as Angels, men, … when death comes to an- yone of you, Our messen- gers take his soul, and they fail not.6:62 And We did not send any Messengers before thee but surely they ate food and walked in the streets… 25:21 deliver revela- tions, … Say, 'I follow only that which is revealed to me from my Lord.These are clear proofs from your Lord and guidance and mercy for a people who believe.' 7:204 discrimi- nation in ¬ , These Messengers have We exalted some of them above others; among them there are those to whom Allah spoke; and some of them He exalted in degrees of rank… 2:254 Divine help of ¬ , Most surely, We help Our Messengers … 40:52 Allah has decreed: 'Most surely, I will prevail, I and My Messengers.'… 58:22 granted security, Except to a Messenger of His whom He chooses.And then He causes an escort of guarding angels to go be- fore him and behind him, 72:28 That He may know that His Messengers have delivered

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~ 347 ~ the Messages of their Lord… 72:29 Holy Prophet sa as a ¬ , Muhammad is not the fa- ther of any of your men, but he is the Messenger of Allah, and the Seal of the Prophets… 33:41 Say, ' O mankind, truly I am a Messenger to you all from Allah to Whom be- longs the Kingdom of the heavens and the earth… 7:159 And whoso obeys Allah and this Messenger shall be among those on whom Allah has bestowed His blessings-the Prophets, the Truthful, the Martyrs, and the Righteous… 4:70 mercy for mankind, ….Verily, We have ever been sending Messengers, 44:6 A s a mercy from thy Lord.44:7 message of ¬ , It teaches that you should worship none but Allah—I am to you a Warner; and a bearer of glad tidings from Him— 11:3 And they were not com- manded but to serve Allah, being sincere to Him in obedience, and being up- right, and to observe Prayer and pay the Zakat.And that is the right religion.98:6

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~ 348 ~ obedi- ence to ¬ , And We have sent no Mes- senger but that he should be obeyed by the command of Allah… 4:65 raised before a calamity, He who follows the right way follows it only for the good of his own soul; and he who goes astray, goes astray only to his own loss.And no bearer of burden shall bear the burden of another.And We never punish until We have sent a Messenger.17:16 sent men as ¬ , And We sent not before thee as Messengers any but men to whom We sent revelation, from among the people of the towns….12:110 And, indeed, We sent Mes- sengers before thee, and We gave them wives and children….13:39 sent to all peoples, And We did raise among every people a Messenger with the teaching, 'Worship Allah and shun the Evil One'..16:37 … and there is no people to whom a Warner has not been sent.35:25 some not men- tioned A nd We sent some Messen- gers whom We have already mentioned to thee and some Messengers whom We have not mentioned to thee...4:165 will be ques- tioned, Think of the day when Allah will assemble the Messengers and say, 'What reply was made to you?' They will say,

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~ 349 ~ 'We have no knowledge, it is only Thou Who art the Knower of hidden things.' 5:110 Metals: … and We sent down iron, wherein is material for vio- lent warfare and diverse uses for mankind,… 57:26 Meta- phor: See Parables: Meteor: Shih a b , But if any of them snatches away something by stealth, he is pursued by a piercing flame.37:11 Michael: M i k a l , 'Whoever is an enemy to Al- lah, and His angels, and His Messengers, and Gabriel, and Michael, then, surely, Allah is an enemy to such disbe- lievers.' 2:99 Midian: See Madyan: Migra- tion: Hijrah , for Allah, And whoso emigrates from his country in the way of Al- lah will find in the earth an abundant place of refuge and plentifulness.And whoso goes forth from his home, emigrating in the cause of Al- lah and His Messenger, and death overtakes him, his re- ward lies on Allah,… 4:101 of believers, … the angels will say to them: 'What were you after?' They will say: 'We were treated as weak in the land.'

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~ 350 ~ The angels will say, 'Was not Allah's earth spacious enough so that you could have emi- grated therein?'… 4:98 of Jews, Hast thou not heard of those who went forth from their homes, and they were thou- sands, fearing death? And Allah said to them, 'Die;' then He brought them to life… 2:244 of Holy Prophet sa He Who has made the teaching of the Qur' a n bind- ing on thee will most surely bring thee back to thy or- dained place of return… 28:86 Milk: Laban , A description of the Garden promised to the righteous: Therein are streams of wa- ter which corrupts not; and streams of milk of which the taste changes not;… 47:16 Military: See Wars: Miracles: of Abraham, We said, 'O fire, be thou a means of coolness and safety for Abraham!' 21:70 of Holy Prophet sa The Hour has drawn nigh, and the moon is rent asun- der.54:2 of Jesus, I come to you with a Sign from your Lord, which is, that I will fashion out for you a creation out of clay after the manner of a bird; then I will breathe into it a

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~ 351 ~ new spirit and it will be- come a soaring being by the command of Allah; and I will heal the night—blind and the leprous, and I will quicken the dead, by the command of Allah;… 3:50 of Moses, So he flung down his rod and behold! it was a serpent plainly visible.7:108 Mi‘r a j: spiritual ascension And He revealed His Word when he was on the upper- most horizon.Then the Prophet drew near to Allah; then Allah leaned down to- wards him.So that he be- came, as it were, one chord to two bows, or closer still.53:8-10 See also Isr a’: Mischief: of disbe- lievers, We shall remove the pun- ishment for a little while, but you will certainly revert to mischief 44:16 of Jews, And We had clearly con- veyed to the Children of Is- rael in the Book: 'You will surely do great mischief in the land twice, and you will surely become exces- sively overbearing.' 17:5 Misfor- tune: Who, when a misfortune overtakes them, say, 'Surely, to Allah we belong and to Him shall we return.' 2:157

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~ 352 ~ And whatever misfortune befalls you is the conse- quence of what your own hands have wrought.42:31 M i th a q: See Covenant: Modera- tion: And those who, when they spend, are neither extrava- gant nor niggardly but adopt a moderate position in the middle; … 25:68 … And utter not thy prayer aloud, nor utter it too low, but seek a way between.17:111 And walk thou at a moder- ate pace, and lower thy voice; verily, the most hate- ful of voices is the braying of the ass.' 31:20 O ye who believe! raise not your voices above the voice of the Prophet, nor speak loudly to him as you speak loudly to one an- other,… 49:3 Modesty: H ay a ’ , Say to the believing men that they restrain their looks and guard their private parts… 24:31 And say to the believing women that they restrain their looks and guard their private parts, and that they display not their beauty… 24:32 Months: Shahr , The number of months with Allah is twelve months by Allah's ordinance since the day when He created the

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~ 353 ~ heavens and the earth.Of these four are sacred… 9:36 Monasti- cism: Rahb a niy yah , And monasticism they in- vented—We did not pre- scribe it for them—for the seeking of Allah's pleasure; but they observed it not as it should be observed….57:28 Mono- theism: See Allah: Moon: eclipse of ¬ , And the moon is eclipsed, 75:9 splitting of ¬ , Shaqqul- Qamar The Hour has drawn nigh, and the moon is rent asun- der.54:2 Moral Traits: adultery, Zin a , And go not nigh unto adul- tery, surely, it is a manifest indecency and an evil way.17:33 arro- gance, conceit, ' And turn not thy cheek away from men in scorn, nor walk in the earth haughtily; surely, Allah loves not any arrogant boaster; 31:19 Thus does Allah set a seal upon the heart of every ar- rogant, haughty person.40:36

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~ 354 ~ And walk not in the earth haughtily, for thou canst not thus rend the earth, nor canst thou reach the moun- tains in height.17:38 backbit- ing, ….And spy not on one an- other, neither backbite one another.Would any of you like to eat the flesh of his dead brother? Certainly, you would loathe it… 49:13 bribery, …and offer it not as bribe to the authorities that you may devour a part of the wealth of other people wrongfully while you know.2:189 calling nick- names, ….And do not defame your people nor call one another by nick-names.It is an evil thing to be called by bad name after having be- lieved;… 49:12 chastity, … and men who guard their chastity and women who guard their chastity and men who remember Allah much and women who remember Him— Allah has prepared for all of them forgiveness and a great reward.33:36 See also Modesty: cleanli- ness, …Allah desires not that He should place you in a diffi- culty but He desires to pu- rify you… 5:7 And thy clothes do thou pu- rify, 74:5

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~ 355 ~ And uncleanliness do thou shun, 74:6 clem- ency, Remember that the recom- pense of an injury is an in- jury the like thereof; but whoso forgives and thereby brings about an improve- ment, his reward is with Al- lah… 42:41 coopera- tion, … And help one another in righteousness and piety; but help not one another in sin and transgression….5:3 to deride, defame, O ye who believe! let not one people deride another people, haply they may be better than they, nor let one group of women deride other women, haply they may be better than they….49:12 Dishon- esty, And plead not on behalf of those who are dishonest to themselves.Surely, Allah loves not one who is perfid- ious and a great sinner.4:108 doing good, For those who do good deeds, there shall be the best reward and yet more blessings.And neither dark- ness nor ignominy shall cover their faces.It is these who are the inmates of Heaven; therein shall they abide.10:27 envy, See Envy:

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~ 356 ~ extrava- gance, And those who, when they spend, are neither extrava- gant nor niggardly but adopt a moderate position in the middle; 25:68 feeding the hungry, And they feed, for love of Him, the poor, the orphan and the prisoner; 76:9 for- giveness, And those who eschew the more grievous sins and in- decencies, and, when they are wroth, they forgive, 42:38 frugality, And keep not thy hand chained to thy neck out of miserliness, nor stretch it forth to its utmost limit out of extravagance, ….17:30 fulfill- ment of promises And fulfil the covenant of Allah when you have made one, and break not your oaths after making them firm, while you have made Allah your surety….16:92 gambling, O ye who believe! wine and the game of chance and idols and divining arrows are only an abomination of Satan's handiwork.So shun each one of them that you may prosper.5:91 grateful- ness, thankful- ness, Therefore, remember Me, and I will remember you; and be thankful to Me and do not be ungrateful to Me.2:153

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~ 357 ~ …'My Lord, grant me that I may be grateful for Thy fa- vour which Thou hast be- stowed upon me and upon my parents, and I may do such righteous deeds as may please Thee… 46:16 haste, Man is created of haste.I will certainly show you My Signs, but ask Me not to hasten.21:38 hoarding, Who amasses wealth and counts it over and over 104:3 humility, humble- ness, Verily, those who believe and do good works, and humble themselves before their Lord—these are the dwellers of Heaven;...11:24 intoxica- tion, They ask thee concerning wine and games of chance.Say, 'In both there is great sin and harm and also some advantages for men; but their sin and harm are greater than their ad- vantage.'… 2:220 Justice, Verily, Allah commands you to give over the trusts to those entitled to them, and that, when you judge between men, you judge with Justice….4:59 ….And if thou judge, judge between them with justice.Surely, Allah loves those who are just.5:43

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~ 358 ~ kindness, And worship Allah and as- sociate naught with Him, and show kindness to par- ents, and to kindred, and or- phans, and the needy, and to the neighbour who is a kinsman and the neighbour who is a stranger, and the companion by your side, and the wayfarer, and those whom your right hands pos- sess….4:37 A kind word and forgive- ness are better than charity followed by injury….2:264 Do thou ever forbear, O Prophet! and enjoin kind- ness, and turn away from the ignorant.7:200 modera- tion, See Moderation: modesty, H ay a ’ , See Chastity: Modesty: murder, See Homicide: Killing: niggardli- ness, Say, 'Even if you possessed the limitless treasures of the mercy of my Lord, you would surely hold them back for fear of exhausting them, for man is niggardly.' 17:101 Behold! you are those who are called upon to spend in the way of Allah; but of you there are some who are niggardly.And whoso is niggardly, is niggardly only against his own soul… 47:39

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~ 359 ~ Who are niggardly and also enjoin people to be niggardly, and hide that which Allah has given them of His bounty.And We have prepared for the disbelievers an humiliat- ing punishment; 4:38 patience, And seek help with pa- tience and prayer; and this indeed is hard except for the humble in spirit, 2:46 And We will try you with something of fear and hun- ger, and loss of wealth and lives and fruits; but give glad tidings to those who patiently persevere.2:156 And, O Prophet, endure thou with patience; and ver- ily thy patience is possible only with the help of Allah.16:128 peace- making, And if two parties of be- lievers fight each other, make peace between them; then if after that one of them transgresses against the other, fight the party that transgresses until it re- turns to the command of Allah.Then if it returns, make peace between them with equity, and act justly… 49:10 perfidy, And plead not on behalf of those who are dishonest to themselves.Surely, Allah

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~ 360 ~ loves not one who is perfid- ious and a great sinner.4:108 persever- ance, O ye who believe, seek help through perseverance and Prayer; surely, Allah is with those who patiently perse- vere.2:154 philan- thropy, And in their wealth was a share for those who asked for help and for those who could not.51:20 retalia- tion, And whoso retaliates with the like of that with which he is afflicted and is then transgressed against, Allah will surely help him..22:61 secret plotting, O ye who believe! when you confer together in pri- vate, confer not for the pur- pose of promoting sin and transgression and disobedi- ence to the Messenger, but confer for the purpose of promoting virtue and right- eousness,… 58:10 sincerity, And when an affliction befalls people, they cry unto their Lord, turning sincerely to Him; then, when He has made them taste of mercy from Him, lo! a section of them as- sociate partners with their Lord, 30:34.Remember , it is to Allah alone that sincere obedience is due… 39:4

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~ 361 ~ slander, Verily, those, who calumni- ate chaste, unwary, believ- ing women, are cursed in this world and the Hereaf- ter.And for them is a griev- ous chastisement, 24:24 steadfast- ness, Our Lord, pour forth upon us steadfastness and cause us to die resigned unto Thee.' 7:127 And be thou steadfast; surely, Allah suffers not the reward of the righteous to perish.11:116 A s for those who say, 'Our Lord is Allah,' and then re- main steadfast, the angels descend on them, reassur- ing them: 'Fear not, nor grieve; and rejoice in the glad tidings of the Garden which you were promised ; 41:31 See also Patience: , Perseverance stealing, theft, And as for the man who steals and the woman who steals, cut off their hands in retribution of their offence as an exemplary punish- ment… 5:39 suppres- sion of anger, … and those who suppress anger, and pardon men; and Allah loves those who do good; 3:135 suspicion, O ye who believe! avoid much suspicion; for suspi- cion in some cases is a sin.

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~ 362 ~ And spy not on one an- other, neither backbite one another… 49:13 telling lies, And say not—because of the falsehood which your tongues utter—‘This is law- ful, and this is unlawful,’ so as to be of those who forge lies against Allah.Surely, those who forge lies against Allah do not prosper.16:117 treachery of the eyes He knows the treachery of the eyes and what the breasts conceal.40:20 trust in God, And trust thou in the One, Who is Ever-Living and is the Source of all life, and Who dies not, and glorify Him with His praise… 25:59 trustwor- thiness, And those who are watchful of their trusts and their cov- enants; 70:33 And those who are upright in their testimonies.70:34 truthful- ness, Allah will say, 'This is a day when only the truthful shall profit by their truthful- ness.For them are Gardens beneath which streams flow; therein shall they abide for ever… 5:120 O ye who believe! fear Allah and be with the truth- ful.9:119 And proclaim: 'Truth has come and falsehood has

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~ 363 ~ vanished.Verily, falsehood is bound to vanish.' 17:82 O ye who believe! fear Allah, and say the straight- forward word.33:71 unity, And hold fast, all together, to the rope of Allah and be not divided; and remember the favour of Allah which He be- stowed upon you when you were enemies and He united your hearts in love'… 3:104 Unselfish- ness, ' We feed you to win Allah's pleasure only.We desire no reward nor thanks from you.76:10 'O my people, I do not ask of you any reward there- fore.My reward is only with Him Who created me.Will you not then understand? 11:52 vain, idle talk, And who shun all that which is vain, 23:4 And when they hear idle talk, they turn away from it and say, 'For us are our works and for you your works… 28:56 See also Laghw: Mortal: See Bashr: Moses: M u s a as , and Aaron, We gave Moses the Book, and appointed with him his brother Aaron as his assis- tant.25:36

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~ 364 ~ and Holy Prophet sa Can he, then, who stands upon a clear proof from his Lord, and to testify to whose truth a witness from Him shall follow him, and who was preceded by the Book of Moses, a guide and a mercy, … 11:18 and Israelites, And call to mind when Moses said to his people, 'O my people, why do you ma- lign me and you know that I am Allah's Messenger unto you?...' 61:6 and Pharaoh, And remember the time when We delivered you from Pharaoh's people who afflicted you with grievous torment, slaying your sons and sparing your women; and in that there was a great trial for you from your Lord.2:50 bestowed favours, Moreover, We gave Moses the Book—completing the favour upon him who did good, and an explanation of all necessary things, and a guidance and a mercy… 6:155 called mad, Pharaoh said, 'Most surely, this Messenger of yours who has been sent to you is a madman.' 26:28 early life of ¬ , And We directed the mother of Moses by revela- tion, 'Suckle him; and when thou fearest for him, then cast him into the river and

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~ 365 ~ fear not, nor grieve; for We shall restore him to thee, and shall make him one of the Messengers.' 28:8 She did accordingly and one of the family of Phar- aoh picked him up so that he became for them an en- emy and a source of sor- row… 28:9 And Pharaoh's wife said, 'He will be a joy of the eye for me and for thee.Slay him not.Haply he may prove to be useful for us, or we may adopt him as a son.' And they knew not Our purpose.28:10 exodus, And remember also the time when We divided the sea for you and saved you and drowned Pharaoh's people, while you looked on.2:51 marriage of ¬ , Their father said to Moses 'I intend to marry to thee one of these two daughters of mine on condition that thou stay in my service for eight years… 28:28 meeting with God, And when Moses came at Our appointed time and his Lord spoke to him, he said, 'My Lord, show Thyself to me that I may look at Thee.' A llah replied, 'Thou shalt not see Me.But look at the mountain; and if it remains in its place, then shalt thou see Me.' And when his Lord manifested Himself on the

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~ 366 ~ mountain, He broke it into pieces and Moses fell down unconscious… 7:144 And when he came to it, he was called by a voice from the right side of the Valley, in the blessed spot, out of the tree: 'O Moses, verily I am Allah, the Lord of the worlds;..28:31 mother of ¬ , 'When We revealed to thy mother what was an im- portant revelation, to wit: 20:39 Prophet of Ban i Isr a’i l , And We gave Moses the Book and We made it a guidance for the Children of Israel, commanding 'Take ye no guardian beside Me', 17:3 subordi- nate Prophets in ¬ ’s footsteps And verily We gave Moses the Book and caused Mes- sengers to follow in his footsteps after him;… 2:88 And We caused Jesus, son of Mary, to follow in their footsteps, fulfilling that which was revealed before him in the Torah;… 5:47 revela- tions of ¬ , ….Say, 'Who revealed the Book which Moses brought, a light and guid- ance for the people-though you treat it as scraps of pa- per, some of which you show while you hide much thereof … 6:92

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~ 367 ~ signs of Allah, So Moses threw down his rod, and behold! it was a ser- pent plainly visible.26:33 And he drew out his hand, and lo! it was white for the beholders.26:34 slan- dered, accused, O ye who believe! be not like those who maligned Moses; but Allah cleared him of what they said about him.And he had a great position in the sight of Allah.33:70 spiritual journey of ¬ And remember the time when Moses said to his young companion, 'I will not cease pursuing my course until I reach the junction of the two seas, though I may have to jour- ney on for ages.' 18:61 tablets, And We wrote for him, upon the Tablets about eve- rything an admonition and an explanation of all things… 7:146 vision of ¬ , When he saw a fire, and he said to his family, 'Tarry ye, I perceive a fire; perhaps I may bring you a brand therefrom or find guidance at the fire.' 20:11 Mosque: And who is more unjust than he who prohibits the name of Allah being glori- fied in Allah's temples and strives to ruin them?...2:115

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~ 368 ~ He alone can maintain the Mosques of Allah who be- lieves in Allah, and the Last Day, and observes Prayer, and pays the Zakat and fears none but Allah;… 9:18 … A Mosque founded upon piety from the very first day is surely more worthy that thou shouldst stand to pray therein.In it are men who love to become purified, and Allah loves those who purify themselves.9:108 See also Dir a r: Mother of: Ummul- , faithful, M u ’ min i n The Prophet is nearer to the believers than their own selves, and his wives are as mothers to them… 33:7 Kit a b , And, surely, it is safe with Us in the Mother of the Book, exalted and full of wisdom.43:5 Moses, And We directed the mother of Moses by revela- tion, 'Suckle him; and when thou fearest for him, then cast him into the river and fear not, nor grieve; for We shall restore him to thee, and shall make him one of the Messengers.' 28:8 towns, Qur a ’, Thus have We revealed to thee the Qur' a n in Arabic, that thou mayest warn the

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~ 369 ~ Mother of towns, and all those around it;… 42:8 Moun- tains: Jib a l , Verily, We offered the trust of the Divine Law to the heavens and the earth and the mountains, but they re- fused to bear it and were afraid of it.But man bore it… 33:73 And the mountains will be- come like flakes of wool,… 70:10 chief- tains, tribes, We subjected to him the Mountains—they cele- brated God's praises with him at nightfall and sun- rise… 38:19 And they ask thee concern- ing the mountains.Say, 'My Lord will break them into pieces and scatter them as dust; 20:106 created for man, And We have placed in the earth firm mountains lest it should quake with them;… 21:32 And the mountains as pegs? 78:8 dwellings in the ¬ , And they used to hew out houses in the mountains, in security.15:83...and He has made for you in the mountains places of shelter;… 16:82 J u d i , … And the water was made to subside and the matter was decided.And the Ark came to rest on Al-J u d i… 11:45

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~ 370 ~ land- marks, And We have placed in the earth firm mountains lest it should quake with them; and We have made therein wide pathways, that they may be rightly guided.21:32 prophe- cies of latter days, And the mountains shall be set in motion and shall be- come, as if they were, a mi- rage.78:21 We shall remove the moun- tains and thou wilt see the nations of the earth march forth against one an- other …18:48 On the day when the earth and the mount-ains shall quake, and the mountains will become like crumbling sand-hills.73:15 S af a , See S af a wal Marwah: Sinai, And Mount Sinai, 95:3 And We raised high above them the Mount while mak- ing a covenant with them, and We said to them, 'Enter the gate submissively' and We said to them, 'Trans- gress not in the matter of the Sabbath.‘And We took from them a firm covenant.4:155 And a tree which springs forth from Mount Sinai; it produces oil and sauce for those who eat.23:21 Tu r , By the Mount; 52:2

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~ 371 ~ And We called him from the right side of the Mount and We made him draw near to Us for special com- munion.19:53 Mu h am- mad sa : See also Mi‘r a j: Wives of: ¬ advent of ¬ , He it is Who has raised among the un-lettered peo- ple a Messenger from among themselves who re- cites unto them His Signs, and purifies them, and teaches them the Book and Wisdom though before that they were in manifest error; 62:3 And call to mind when Jesus, son of Mary, said, 'O Chil- dren of Israel, surely, I am Allah's Messenger unto you, fulfilling that which is before me of the prophecies of the Torah, and giving glad tid- ings of a Messenger who will come after me, his name being Ahmad.61:7 and Christians And when they hear what has been revealed to this Messenger, thou seest their eyes overflow with tears, because of the truth which they have recognized.They say, 'Our Lord, we believe, so write us down among the witnesses; 5:84 And the Jews will never be pleased with thee, nor the

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~ 372 ~ Christians, unless thou fol- lowest their creed…..2:121 So it may be, thou wilt grieve thyself to death sor- rowing after them if they believe not in this Dis- course.18:7 and disbeliev- ers, Stretch not thine eyes to- wards what We have be- stowed on some classes of them for temporary enjoy- ment and grieve not for them;… 15:89 And let not those who has- ten to fall into disbelief grieve thee; surely, they cannot harm Allah in any way.Allah desires not to assign them any portion in the life to come; and they shall have a severe punish- ment.3:177 And remember when the disbelievers devised plans against thee that they might put thee in confinement or slay thee or expel thee… 8:31 O Prophet! strive hard against the disbelievers and the Hypocrites.And be firm against them.Their abode is Hell, and an evil destination it is.9:73 And those who disbelieve say, ‘It is naught but a lie which he has forged, and other people have helped

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~ 373 ~ him with it.' Indeed, they have perpetrated a great in- justice and a great false- hood.25:5 Muhammad is the Messen- ger of Allah.And those who are with him are hard against the disbelievers but tender among themselves… 48:30 And bear patiently all that they say; and withdraw from them in a decent manner.73:11 and hypo- crites, The Hypocrites pretend they fear lest a Surah should be re- vealed concerning them, in- forming them of what is in their hearts.Say, 'Mock on; surely, Allah will bring to light that of which you pre- tended you were afraid lest it might be disclosed.9:64 and other Prophets, O People of the Book! there indeed has come to you Our Messenger, after a break in the series of Messengers, who makes things clear to you lest you should say, 'There has come to us no bearer of glad tidings and no Warner.' So a bearer of glad tidings and a Warner has indeed come to you… 5:20 and Jews, And the Jews will never be pleased with thee, nor the Christians, unless thou fol- lowest their creed… 2:121

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~ 374 ~ And even if thou shouldst bring every Sign to those who have been given the Book, they would never follow thy Qiblah nor wouldst thou follow their Qiblah, … 2:146 an unlet- tered Prophet, … So believe in Allah and His Messenger, the Umm i Prophet, who believes in Allah and His words; and follow him that you may be rightly guided.' 7:159 and unseen, Say, I do not say to you: 'I possess the treasures of Al- lah, nor do I know the un- seen; nor do I say to you: 'I am an angel, I follow only that which is revealed to me.'….6:51 and Qur’ a n, And We have, indeed, given thee the seven oft-re- peated verses, and the Great Qur' a n.15:88 Verily, We are about to charge thee with a weighty Word.73:6 as a Light— N u r , O Prophet! truly We have sent thee as a Witness, and a Bearer of glad tidings, and a Warner, 33:46 And as a Summoner unto Allah by His command, and as a light-giving Lamp.33:47 a mortal, Say 'I am but a man like yourselves; but it is re- vealed to me that your God is only One God… 18:111

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~ 375 ~ ….Say, 'Holy is my Lord! I am but a mortal sent as a Messenger.' 17:94 as a warner, Verily, We have sent thee with the Truth, as a bearer of glad tidings and as a Warner; and there is no people to whom a Warner has not been sent.35:25 Ascension (spiritual) of ¬ , Glory be to Him Who car- ried His servant by night from the Sacred Mosque to the Distant Mosque… 17:2 See also Mi’r a j: Then the Prophet drew near to Allah; then Allah leaned down towards him.53:9 authority of ¬ , Say, 'Obey Allah, and obey the Messenger.' But if you turn away, he is responsible for what he is charged with and you are responsible for what you are charged with….24:55 Say, 'I have no power over any harm or benefit for my- self save that which Allah wills….10:50 And it behoves not a be- lieving man or a believing woman, when Allah and His Messenger have de- cided a matter, that they should exercise their own choice in the matter con- cerning them….33:37 battles of ¬ , See Badr: H unain: U h ud:

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~ 376 ~ blas- phemer of ¬ , Verily, those who malign Allah and His Messenger— Allah has cursed them in this world and in the Here- after, and has prepared for them an abasing punish- ment.33:58 See also Blasphemy: blessings on ¬ , Allah sends down His bless- ings on the Prophet and His angels pray for him.O ye who believe, you too should invoke His blessings on him and salute him with the salu- tation of peace.33:57 compan- ions of ¬ , And as for the foremost among the believers, the first of the Emigrants and the Helpers, and those who fol- lowed them in the best possi- ble manner, Allah is well- pleased with them and they are well-pleased with Him,… 9:100 Surely, a Messenger has come unto you from among yourselves; grievous to him is it that you should fall into trouble; he is ardently desir- ous of your welfare; and to the believers he is specially compassionate and merciful.9:128 Muhammad is the Messen- ger of Allah.And those who are with him are hard against the disbelievers but tender among themselves… 48:30

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~ 377 ~ Among the believers are men who have been true to the covenant they had made with Allah.Some of them have fulfilled their vow, and there are others who wait, and they have not changed in the least 33:24 consulta- tion with ¬ , O ye who believe! when you consult the Messenger in private, give alms before your consultation….58:13 ….So pardon them and ask forgiveness for them, and consult them in matters of administration; and when thou art resolved, then put thy trust in Allah… 3:160 Divine solicitude for ¬ Allah remove the ill conse- quences of thy mistake.Why didst thou permit them to stay behind till it had be- come clear to thee and thou hadst also known the liars? 9:43 O Prophet! why dost thou forbid thyself that which Allah has made lawful to thee.Thou seekest the pleas- ure of thy wives? … 66:2 devotion to Allah, Say, 'If you love Allah, fol- low me; then will Allah love you and forgive you your sins….3:32 Say, 'My Prayer and my sacrifice and my life and my death are all for Allah, the Lord of the worlds; 6:163

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~ 378 ~ Surely, thy Lord knows that thou standest up praying for nearly two-thirds of the night, and sometimes half or a third thereof… 73:21 emigra- tion of ¬ , He Who has made the teaching of the Qur’ a n binding on thee will most surely bring thee back to thy ordained place of re- turn… 28:86 enemies of ¬ , And but for the grace of Allah upon thee and His mercy, a party of them had resolved to bring about thy ruin.And they ruin none but themselves and they cannot harm thee at all….4:114 But Allah would not punish them while thou wast among them, and Allah would not punish them while they sought for- giveness.8:34 And remember when the disbelievers devised plans against thee that they might put thee in confinement or slay thee or expel thee.And they planned and Allah also planned, and Allah Is the Best of planners.8:31 And there were in the city a party of nine persons who made mischief in the land, and would not reform.27:49

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~ 379 ~ favours on ¬ , That Allah may cover up for thee thy shortcomings, past and future, and that He may complete His favour upon thee, and may guide thee on a right path; 48:3 And We have exalted thy name.94:5 Surely, We have bestowed upon thee abundance of good; 108:2 finality of ¬ , And remember the time when Allah took a covenant from the people through the Prophets, saying, 'Whatever I give you of the Book and Wisdom and then there comes to you a Messenger, fulfilling that which is with you, you shall believe in him and help him.' And He said, 'Do you agree, and do you accept the responsibil- ity which I lay upon you in this matter?' They said, 'We agree.' He said, 'Then bear witness and I am with you among the witnesses.' 3:82 And call to mind when We took from the Prophets their covenant, and from thee, and from Noah and Abra- ham, and Moses and Jesus, son of Mary, and We, in- deed, took from them a sol- emn covenant; 33:8

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~ 380 ~ Allah would not leave the believers in the state in which you are, until He separated the wicked from the good.Nor would Allah reveal to you the unseen.But Allah chooses of His Messengers whom He pleases….3:180 And whoso obeys Allah and this Messenger shall be among those on whom Allah has bestowed His bless- ings—the Prophets, the Truthful, the Martyrs, and the Righteous.And an excel- lent company are they.4:70 O children of Adam, if Messengers come to you from among yourselves, re- hearsing My Signs unto you, then whoso shall fear God and do good deeds, on them shall come no fear nor shall they grieve.7:36 Allah chooses His Messen- gers from among angels and from among men… 22:76 Muhammad is not the fa- ther of any of your men, but he is the Messenger of Allah, and the Seal of the Prophets … 33:41 By Our own command.Ver- ily, We have ever been send- ing Messengers, As a mercy from thy Lord.44:6-7 And He will raise him among others of them who

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~ 381 ~ have not yet joined them… 62:4 'And, indeed, they thought, even as you think that Allah would never raise any Mes- senger 72:8 He sends down the angels with revelation by His com- mand on whomsoever of His servants He pleases, saying, 'Warn people that there is no god but I, so take Me alone for your Pro- tector.' 16:3 followers of ¬ , You are the best people, raised for the good of man- kind,… 3:111 And thus have We made you an exalted nation, that you may be guardians over the people and the Messen- ger of Allah may be a guardian over you….2:144 And lower thy wing of mercy to the believers who follow thee.26:216 love and mercy for mankind, And We have not sent thee but as a mercy for all peo- ples.21:108 And grieve thou not for them, nor be thou in dis- tress because of what they devise.27:71 interces- sion of ¬ , And those on whom they call beside Him possess no power of intercession but only he may intercede who bears witness to the truth,

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~ 382 ~ and they know this well.43:87 Invoking Allah’s curse, See Curse : justice of ¬ , ….And if thou judge, judge between them with justice.Surely, Allah loves those who are just.5:43 Judge, therefore, between them by what Allah has re- vealed, and follow not their evil desires, turning away from the truth which has come to thee… 5:49 lofty stature of ¬ , ….It may be that thy Lord will raise thee to an exalted station.17:80 Verily, you have in the Prophet of Allah an excel- lent model, ….33:22 And thou dost, surely, pos- sess sublime moral excel- lences.68:5 And We have exalted thy name.94:5 Surely, We have bestowed upon thee abundance of good ; 108:2 marriages of ¬ , ….We joined her in mar- riage to thee, so that there may be no difficulty for the believers with regard to mar- riage with the wives of their adopted sons, when they have accomp-lished their wants concerning them… 33:38

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~ 383 ~ O Prophet! why dost thou forbid thyself that which Al- lah has made lawful to thee.Thou seekest the pleasure of thy wives? … 66:2 … this provision is only for thee, and not for other be- lievers-We have already made known what We have enjoined on them con- cerning their wives and those whom their right hands possess….33:51 message of ¬ , O Messenger! convey to the people what has been re- vealed to thee from thy Lord; and if thou do it not, thou hast not conveyed His Message And Allah will protect thee from men….5:68 Say, ' O mankind, truly I am a Messenger to you all from Allah to Whom belongs the Kingdom of the heavens and the earth.There is no god but He.He gives life and He causes death.So be- lieve in Allah and His Mes- senger, the Umm i Prophet, who believes in Allah and His words; and follow him that you may be rightly guided.' 7:159

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~ 384 ~ And thus have We revealed to thee the Word by Our command.Thou didst not know what the Book was, nor what the faith.But We have made the revelation a light, whereby We guide such of Our servants as We please.And, truly, thou guidest man- kind to the right path, 42:53 miracles of ¬ , So you slew them not, but it was Allah Who slew them.And thou threwest not when thou didst throw, but it was Allah Who threw, that He might overthrow the disbe- lievers and that He might confer on the believers a great favour from Himself..8:18 The Hour has drawn nigh, and the moon is rent asun- der.54:2 names of ¬ , … and giving glad tidings of a Messenger who will come after me, his name being Ahmad… 61:7 We have sent thee with the Truth, as a bearer of glad tidings and a Warner… 2:120 And We have not sent thee but as a mercy for all peo- ples.21:108 Muhammad is not the father of any of your men, but he is the Messenger of Allah, and the Seal of the Prophets… 33:41

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~ 385 ~ O thou wrapped up in thy mantle, 73:2 O thou who hast covered thyself with thy cloak, 74:2 Admonish, therefore, for thou art but an admonisher; 88:22 not a guardian, But if they turn away, We have not sent thee as a guardian over them.Thy duty is only to convey the Message … 42:49 obedi- ence to ¬ , And We have sent no Mes- senger but that he should be obeyed by the command of Allah… 4:65 objections against ¬ , Do they not consider that there is nothing of insanity about their companion?...7:185 Nay, they say, 'These are but confused dreams; nay, he has forged it himself : nay, he is but a poet… 21:6 And those who disbelieve say, 'It is naught but a lie which he has forged, and other people have helped him with it.'… 25:5 And they say, 'What sort of a Messenger is this that he eats food, and walks in the streets?...25:8 And those who disbelieve say, 'Why was not the Qur' a n revealed to him all at once?'… 25:33

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~ 386 ~ So keep on admonishing.By the grace of thy Lord thou art neither a sooth- sayer, nor a madman.52:30 Do they say, 'He has forged a lie against Allah?' If Allah had so willed, He could seal thy heart… 42:25 patience of ¬ , And Messengers indeed have been rejected before thee, but notwithstanding their rejection and persecu- tion they remained patient until our help came to them… 6:35 prayers of ¬ , See Prayers of Holy Qur’ a n : prophe- cies about ¬ , 'Those who follow the Mes- senger, the Prophet, the Umm i whom they find mentioned in the Torah and the Gospel which are with them… 7:158 And it is surely mentioned in the Scriptures of the for- mer peoples… 26:197 … and giving glad tidings of a Messenger who will come after me, his name being Ahmad… 61:7 protec- tion of ¬ , ….And Allah will protect thee from men….5:68 For him (the Messenger) is a succession of angels be- fore him and behind him; they guard him by the com- mand of Allah..13:12 respect ….And those who annoy the Messenger of Allah

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~ 387 ~ of ¬ , shall have a grievous pun- ishment.9:61 ….go not away until they have asked leave of him.Surely, those who ask leave of thee, it is they alone who truly believe in Allah and His Messenger… 24:63 Treat not the calling of the Messenger among you like the calling of one of you to another… 24:64 O ye who believe! raise not your voices above the voice of the Prophet, nor speak loudly to him as you speak loudly to one another, lest your works come to naught while you perceive not.49:3 revela- tions, Nor does he speak out of his own desire.53:4 It is nothing but pure reve- lation, revealed by God.53:5 And We have not sent any Messenger except with rev- elation in the language of his people in order that he might make things clear to them … 14:5 Say, 'If I err, I err only against myself; and if I am rightly guided, it is because of what my Lord revealed to me… 34:51

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~ 388 ~ sinless- ness of ¬ , That Allah may cover up for thee thy shortcomings, past and future, and that He may complete His fa- vour upon thee, and may guide thee on a right path; 48:3 Your Companion has nei- ther erred, nor has he gone astray.53:3 truth of ¬ , Say, 'The Truth has come, and falsehood could neither originate anything, nor re- produce it.' 34:50 Say, 'If Allah had so willed, I should not have recited it to you, nor would He have made it known to you.I have indeed lived among you a whole lifetime before this.Will you not then un- derstand?' 10:17 And if he had forged and attributed any sayings to Us, 69:45 We would, surely, have seized him by the right hand, 69:46 And then, surely, We would have cut his life-vein, 69:47 And not one of you could have held Our punishment off from him.69:48 And I cite as witness the fa- ther and the son, 90:4

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~ 389 ~ Universal- ity of ¬ , Say, ' O mankind, truly I am a Messenger to you all from Allah to Whom belongs the Kingdom of the heavens and the earth… 7:159 … And We have sent thee as a Messenger to all man- kind… 4:80 Blessed is He Who has sent down Al-Furqan to His serv- ant, that he may be a Warner to all the worlds— 25:2 vindica- tion by ¬ , This is a declaration of complete vindication on the part of Allah and His Mes- senger to the idolaters to whom you had announced a commitment that Islam would triumph in Arabia.9:1 visions of ¬ , Allah, indeed, fulfilled for His Messenger the Vision: You shall, certainly, enter the Sacred Mosque, if Allah will, in security, … 48:28 Glory be to Him Who car- ried His servant by night from the Sacred Mosque to the Distant Mosque, 17:2 … And We made not the Vision which We showed thee but as a trial for men, as also the tree cursed in the Qur' a n… 17:61 Mu h kam See Mutash a bih: Mu h sin : who do good, And spend in the cause of Allah, and cast not your- selves into ruin with your own hands, and do good;

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~ 390 ~ surely, Allah loves those who do good.2:196 And be thou steadfast; surely, Allah suffers not the reward of the righteous to perish.11:116 are rewarded, 'But if you desire Allah and His Messenger and the Home of the Hereafter, then, truly, Allah has prepared for those of you, who do good, a great reward.' 33:30 Mu’min : See Believers: Mun a fi- q i n : See Hypocrites: Murder: And slay not the soul, the slaying of which Allah has forbidden, save for a just cause… 17:34 See also Killing: M u s a as : See Moses: Muzdali- fah : Mash ‘ aru l- H ar a m , …But when you pour forth from ‘Araf a t, remember Al- lah at Mash‘arul- H ar a m, and remember Him as He has guided you; … 2:199 S u h uf: See Scriptures: See also Book: Bible: Torah: Psalms: Qur’ a n: Mush- rik i n: See Idolaters: Muslims: You are the best people, raised for the good of man- kind, you enjoin good and forbid evil and believe in Allah… 3:111 See also Believers: and See Justice:

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~ 391 ~ justice, and non- Muslims, Allah forbids you not respect- ing those who have not fought against you on ac- count of your religion, and who have not driven you out from your homes, that you be kind to them and deal equi- tably with them;… 60:9 and Qur’ a n, See Qur’ a n: are an exalted nation, And thus have We made you an exalted nation, that you may be guardians over the people and the Messen- ger of Allah may be a guardian over you… 2:144 beliefs of ¬ , Say ye, 'We believe in Allah and what has been revealed to us, and what was revealed to Abraham and Ishmael, and Isaac, and Jacob and his children, and what was given to Moses and Jesus, and what was given to all other Prophets from their Lord.We make no distinc- tion between any of them; and to Him we submit our- selves.' 2:137 greet each other, O ye who believe! when you go forth to fight in the cause of Allah, make proper investigation and say not to any one who greets you with the greet- ing of peace, 'Thou art not a believer.'… 4:95

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~ 392 ~ And when you are greeted with a greeting, greet ye with a better greeting or at least return it….4:87 named as ¬ , ….He has chosen you and has laid no hardship upon you in the matter of reli- gion; so follow the faith of your father Abraham; He has named you Muslims… 22:79 remem- ber Allah, Therefore, remember Me, and I will remember you; and be thankful to Me and do not be ungrateful to Me.2:153 They fall down on their faces weeping, and it in- creases humility in them.17:110 repug- nance to war, See War: strive in Allah’s cause, And those Who believed and left their homes and strove for the cause of Allah, and those who gave them shelter and help-these indeed are true believers… 8:75 submit- ters, O ye who believe! fear Allah as He should be feared; and let not death overtake you except when you are in a state of submission.3:103 ….Our Lord, pour forth upon us steadfastness and cause us to die resigned unto Thee.' 7:127

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~ 393 ~ And Who is better in speech than he who invites men to Allah and does righteous deeds and says, 'I am, surely, of those who submit?' 41:34 unity of ¬ , And hold fast, all together, to the rope of Allah and be not divided; and remember the favour of Allah which He be- stowed upon you when you were enemies and He united your hearts in love' so that by His grace you became as brothers; 3:104 As for those who split up their religion and became divided into sects, thou hast no concern at all with them… 6:160 Muta‘: …And for the benefit you receive from them, give them their dowries, as fixed, and there is no blame on you what you do by mu- tual agreement after the fix- ing of the dowry… 4:25 … And their friends from among men will say, 'Our Lord! we profited from one another, but now we have reached our term which Thou didst appoint for us.' He will say, 'The Fire is your abode, wherein you shall abide, save what Allah may will…' 6:129

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~ 394 ~ Even as those before you— they were mightier than you in power and had more wealth and children.They en- joyed their lot for a time, so have you enjoyed your lot as those before you enjoyed their lot… 9:69 See also Temporary Marriage: Mutash a- bih: See Ambiguous:

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~ 395 ~ N Nafs: self, Nay, I swear by the self-ac- cusing soul, that the Day of Judgment is a certainty.75:3 O , thou soul at peace! Return to thy Lord, thou well pleased with Him and He well pleased with thee.89:28-29 Night Journey: See Isr a’: Nahr day (&night), And He it is Who created the night and the day, and the sun and the moon, each gliding along smoothly in its orbit.21:34 flowing streams, But those who believe and do good works, for them are Gardens through which streams flow….85:12 to chide, And him, who seeks thy help, chide not, 93:11 Najm: kaukab , star, We have adorned the low- est heaven with an adorn- ment—the planets; 37:7 And, He has set up other marks; by them and by the stars they follow the right direction.16:17 Najw a : meetings, There is no good in many of their conferences except the conferences of such as enjoin charity, or goodness or the making of peace among men… 4:115

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~ 396 ~ Naml: Until when they came to the Valley of An-Naml, a Namlite said, 'O ye Naml, enter your habitations, lest Solomon and his hosts crush you, while they know not.' 27:19 Naskh: See Abrogation: N at iq: And they will say to their skins, 'Why have you borne witness against us?' They will say, 'Allah has made us speak as He has made everything else speak… 41:22 Nature: 'Who has created seven heavens in harmony.No incongruity canst thou see in the creation of the Gra- cious God.Then look again.Seest thou any flaw? 67:4 Verily, We have made all that is on the earth an orna- ment for it, that We may try them as to which of them is best in conduct.18:8 Ni‘mat: favours …This day have I perfected your religion for you and completed My favour upon you and have chosen for you Islam as religion….5:4 This is because Allah would never change a fa- vour that He has conferred upon a people until they change their own condi- tion,… 8:54

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~ 397 ~ Dost thou not see those who changed Allah's favour for ingratitude and landed their people into the abode of ruin- 14:29 And He gives you all that you ask of Him, and if you try to count the favours of Allah, you will not be able to number them.Verily, man is very unjust, very un- grateful.14:35 And the bounty of thy Lord, proclaim.93:12 Nearness to Allah: Wa s al , O ye who believe! fear Allah and seek the means of ap- proach unto Him and strive in His way that you may pros- per.5:36 Negus: Naj a sh i , See Abyssinia: New Tes- tament: Gospel, Inj i l , And We caused Jesus, son of Mary, to follow in their footsteps, fulfilling that which was revealed before him in the Torah; and We gave him the Gospel which contained guidance and light, fulfilling that which was revealed before him in the Torah; and a guidance and an admonition for the God-fearing.5:47 New World Order: 'The day when We shall roll up the heavens like the roll- ing up of written scrolls by a scribe.' As We began the first creation, so shall We

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~ 398 ~ repeat it—a promise bind- ing upon Us;….21:105 Nick- names: Tan a buz , ….And do not defame your people nor call one another by nick-names.It is an evil thing to be called by bad name after having be- lieved;….49:12 Night: And We have made the night as a covering, 78:11 for prayers, Verily, getting up at night f or Prayer is the most po- tent means of subduing the self and most effective in speech.73:7 for rest, He causes the break of day and He made the night for rest and the sun and the moon for the reckoning of time… 6:97 calamity, death at ¬ , And He it is Who takes your souls by night and knows what you do by day,….6:61 How many a town have We destroyed! And Our punish- ment came upon it by night or while they slept at noon.7:5 secret plotting at ¬ , They seek to hide their de- signs from men, but they can- not hide them from Allah; and He is present with them when they plot at night about matters which He does not approve… 4:109

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~ 399 ~ Sign of Allah, And We have made the night and the day two Signs, and the Sign of night We have made dark, and the Sign of day We have made sight-giving, that you may seek bounty from your Lord,….17:13 Qur’ a n revealed at ¬ , By this perspicuous Book.Truly , We revealed it in a blessed night… 44:3-4 Night of Decree: Surely, We sent it down during the Night of Decree.97:2 And what shall make thee know what the Night of De- cree is? 97:3 The Night of Decree is bet- ter than a thousand months.97:4 Noah: N uh as And We, certainly, sent Noah to his people, and he remained among them a thousand years, short of fifty years.Then the Deluge overtook them, while they were wrongdoers.29:15 ark of ¬ , 'And build thou the Ark un- der Our eyes and as com- manded by Our revela- tion… 11:38 So We saved him and those who were with him in the fully laden Ark.26:120 And We carried him upon that which was made of planks and nails.54:14 And We made his offspring the only survivors.37:78

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~ 400 ~ descend- ants of ¬ , … and Noah did We guide aright aforetime, and of his progeny, David and Solo- mon and Job and Joseph and Moses and Aaron.Thus do We reward those who do good.6:85 deluge of ¬ , Thereupon We opened the gates of heaven with water which fell in torrents; 54:12 And We caused the earth to burst forth with springs, so the two waters met for a purpose that was decreed.54:13 mocked by people, But they called him a liar, so We saved him and those with him in the Ark and We drowned those who rejected Our Signs… 7:65 The people of Noah treated the Messengers as liars, 26:106 prayer of ¬ , And Noah said, 'My Lord, leave not of the disbelievers even one dweller in the land; 71:27 'For, if Thou dost leave them, they will only lead astray Thy servants and will beget none but sinners and disbelievers, 71:28 'My Lord! forgive me and my parents, and him who enters my house as a be- liever, and the believing men and the believing women; and increase Thou

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~ 401 ~ not the wrongdoers in aught but in ruin.' 71:29 'And when thou dost disem- bark from the Ark say, 'My Lord, cause me to land a blessed landing, for Thou art the Best of those who bring people to land.' 23:30 So he prayed to his Lord: 'I am overcome, so come Thou to my help!' 54:11 son of ¬ , And it moved along with them amid waves like mountains.And Noah cried unto his son, while he was keeping apart, 'O my son embark with us and be not with the disbelievers.' 11:43 And Noah cried unto his Lord and said, 'My Lord, verily, my son is of my family, and surely Thy promise is true, and Thou art the Most Just of judges.' 11:46.Allah said, 'O Noah, he is surely not of thy fam- ily; he is indeed a man of unrighteous conduct… 11:47 wife of ¬ , an example Allah sets forth as an exam- ple, for those who disbe- lieve, the wife of Noah and the wife of Lot.They were under two righteous serv- ants of Ours, but they acted treacher-ously to them.So they availed them naught against Allah, and it was

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~ 402 ~ said to them, 'Enter the Fire, ye twain, along with those who enter it.' 66:11 Noble Re- corders: See Kir a man K a tib i n: Number: ‘ Adad , Over it are nineteen angels.74:31 And the Even and the Odd, 89:4 The Night of Decree is bet- ter than a thousand months.97:4 N u r: See Light: Nuz u l: See Descent:

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~ 403 ~ O Oaths: yam i n , expiation of ¬ , Allah will not take you to task for such of your oaths as are vain, but He will take you to task for breaking the oaths which you take in ear- nest.The expiation, thereof, then, is the feeding of ten poor persons with such aver- age food as you feed your families with, or the clothing of them or the freeing of a slave… 5:90 of absti- nence, For those who vow absti- nence from their wives, the maximum period of waiting is four months;… 2:227 of hypo- crites, idolaters, They have made their oaths a shield for their false- hoods, and thereby they seek to turn men away from the path of Allah;… 58:17 of Prophets 'And, by Allah, I will cer- tainly plan against your idols after you have gone away and turned your backs.' 21:58 of Satan, He said, 'So by Thy glory, will, surely, lead them all astray, 38:83 honour your ¬ , And fulfill the covenant of Allah when you have made one, and break not your oaths after making them

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~ 404 ~ firm, while you have made Allah your surety….16:92 in Allah’s name, And make not Allah a tar- get for your oaths that you may thereby abstain from doing good and acting righteously and making peace between men… 2:225 punish- ment for false ¬ They have made their oaths a shield for their falsehoods , and thereby they seek to turn men away from the path of Allah; for them, there-fore, will be an humiliating pun- ishment.58:17 Neither their wealth nor their children will avail them aught against Allah.They are the inmates of the Fire wherein they will abide.58:18 Obey: Allah, Messen- ger, O ye who believe! obey Al- lah and His Messenger, and do not turn away from him while you hear his com- mands.8:21 And it behoves not a be- lieving man or a believing woman, when Allah and His Messenger have de- cided a matter, that they should exercise their own choice in the matter con- cerning them.And whoso disobeys Allah and His Messenger, surely, strays away in manifest error.33:37

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~ 405 ~ do not ¬ , disbeliev- ers, evil, hypo- crites, O ye who believe! if you obey those who have disbe- lieved, they will cause you to turn back on your heels, and you will become losers.3:150 Holy Prophet sa Our Lord, we believe in that which Thou hast sent down and we follow this Messenger.So write us down among those who bear witness.' 3:54 parents, spouse, So virtuous women are obe- dient, and guard the secrets of their husbands with Al- lah's protection… 4:35 Obedi- ence: to lawful authority O ye who believe! obey Al- lah, and obey His Messen- ger and those who are in authority among you… 4:60 Ocean: See Sea: Oil: And a tree which springs forth from Mount Sinai; it produces oil and sauce for those who eat.23:21 Old Tes- tament: See Torah: Olive: Zait u n , By the Fig and the Olive, 95:2 Open: Fata h a , door, gate, Until, when We open on them a door of severe pun- ishment, lo! they are in des- pair thereat.23:78

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~ 406 ~ grant victory, Verily, We have given thee a clear Victory, 48:2 When the help of Allah comes and the Victory, 110:2 adjudi- cate, ….So , O our Lord, decide Thou between us and be- tween our people with truth and Thou art the Best of those who decide.' 7:90 Op- pressed: weak, d a‘ i f , And We desired to show fa- vour unto those who were considered weak in the earth, and to make them leaders and to make them inheritors of Our favours, 28:6 And when they will dispute with one another in the Fire, the weak will say to those who were proud, 'Verily, we were your fol- lowers; will you then re- lieve us of a portion of the torment of the Fire?' 40:48 No blame lies on the weak, nor on the sick, nor on those who find naught to spend, if they are sincere to Allah and His Messenger… 9:91 Oppres- sor: Za lim , See Wrongdoer: Orbit: It is not for the sun to over- take the moon, nor can the night outstrip the day.All of them float smoothly in an orbit.36:41

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~ 407 ~ Orna- ments: Verily, We have made all that is on the earth an orna- ment for it, that We may try them as to which of them is best in conduct.18:8 And He it is Who has sub- jected to you the sea that you may eat therefrom fresh flesh and may take forth therefrom articles which you wear as orna- ments….16:15 Wealth and children are or- naments of the life of this world…..18:47 We have adorned the low- est heaven with an adorn- ment-the planets; 37:7 Orphans: Yat i m , justice with ¬ , ….And He enjoins you to deal equitably with the or- phans…..4:128 property of ¬ , And give to the orphans their property and exchange not the bad for the good, and devour not their prop- erty by mixing it with your own….4:3 Surely, they who devour the property of orphans unjustly, only swallow fire into their bellies, and they shall burn in a blazing fire.4:11

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~ 408 ~ And test the understanding of the orphans until they attain the age of marriage, then, if you perceive in them mature judgment, deliver to them their property; and devour it not in extravagance and haste against their growing up….4:7 treat- ment of ¬ , Upon this world and the next.And they ask thee concerning the orphans.Say, 'Promotion of their welfare is an act of great goodness….2:221 …and show kindness to parents, and to kindred, and orphans, and the needy, and to the neighbour who is a kinsman and the neighbour who is a stranger,….4:37 welfare of ¬ , They ask thee what they shall spend.Say, ‘Whatever of good and abundant wealth you spend should be for par- ents and near relatives and or- phans and the needy and the wayfarer…’ 2:216 Owners of the El- ephant : A sha bul- F i l , Knowest thou not how thy Lord dealt with the Owners of the Elephant? 105:2

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~ 409 ~ P Pacific Ocean: See Sea: Pagans: See Idolaters: Pairs: See Science: Paltry price: Those who hide that which Allah has sent down of the Book and take in exchange for it a paltry price, they fill their bellies with nothing but fire.2:175 Papers: qar ati s , And if We had sent down to thee a writing upon the parchment and they had felt it with their hands even then the disbelievers would have surely said, 'This is nothing but manifest sor- cery.' 6:8 'The day when We shall roll up the heavens like the roll- ing up of written scrolls by a scribe.' As We began the first creation, so shall We repeat it—a promise bind- ing upon Us;… 21:105 Parable of: a gnat, Allah disdains not to give an Illustration—as small as a gnat or even smaller….2:27 a grain of corn, The similitude of those who spend their wealth in the way of Allah is like the si- militude of a grain of corn

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~ 410 ~ which grows seven ears, in each ear a hundred grains… 2:262 a poly- theist, Allah sets forth a parable— a man belonging to several partners, who disagree with one another, and a man be- longing wholly to one man.Are the two equal in condi- tion?....39:30 a thirsty dog, Bal‘am B a ‘ u r, His case, therefore, is like the case of a thirsty dog; if thou drive him away, he hangs out his tongue and if thou leave him, he hangs out his tongue.Such is the case of the people who dis- believe in Our Signs… 7:177 Allah’s rope, And hold fast, all together, to the rope of Allah and be not divided; and remember the favour of Allah which He bestowed upon you when you were enemies and He united your hearts in love'…..3:104 an elevated garden, And the case of those who spend their wealth to seek the pleasure of Allah and to strengthen their souls is like the case of a garden on ele- vated ground.Heavy rain falls on it so that it brings forth its fruit twofold.And if heavy rain does not fall on it, then light rain suf- fices… 2:266

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~ 411 ~ an idol worship- per, ……And whoso associates anything with Allah, falls, as it were, from a height, and the birds snatch him away or the wind blows him away to a far-off place.22:32 an un- grateful city, And Allah sets forth the parable of a city which en- joyed security and peace; its provisions came to it in plenty from every quarter; but it was ungrateful for the favours of Allah, so Allah made it taste hunger and fear which clothed it like a garment… 16:113 ass carry- ing books, The likeness of those who were charged with the Law of Torah , but did not carry out its commandments, is as the likeness of an ass carry- ing a load of books….62:6 believers example, And Allah holds forth as an example, for those who be- lieve, the wife of Pharaoh… 66:12 And sets forth as an exam- ple Mary, the daughter of ‘Imr a n, who guarded her chastity-….66:13 birds obeying call, ….God answered, 'Take four birds and make them attached to thee.Then put each of them on a hill; then call them; they will come to thee in haste…..2:261

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~ 412 ~ blind and deaf man, The case of the two parties is like that of the blind and the deaf, and the seeing and the hearing.Is the case of the two alike?...11:25 disbeliev- ers work, The case of those who dis- believe in their Lord is that their works are like ashes, on which the wind blows violently on a stormy day…..14:19 Divine light, ….His light is as if there were a lustrous niche, wherein is a lamp.The lamp is inside a glass- globe… 24:36 disbeliev- ers example Allah sets forth as an exam- ple, for those who disbe- lieve, the wife of Noah and the wife of Lot….66:11 futility of idolatry, The case of those who take helpers beside Allah is like unto the case of the spider that takes to itself a house; and, surely, the frailest of all houses is the house of the spider, ….29:42 garden for believers, The similitude of the Gar- den promised to the God- fearing is that through it flow streams; its fruit is ev- erlasting, and so is its shade…..13:36 garden of right- eous, A description of the Garden promised to the righteous: Therein are streams of water which corrupts not; and streams of milk of which the taste changes not; and

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~ 413 ~ streams of wine, a delight to those who drink; and streams of clarified honey.And in it will they have all kinds of fruit, ….47:16 good and evil tree, Dost thou not see how Allah sets forth a parable of a good word? It is like a good tree, whose root is firm and whose branches reach into heaven? 14:25 And the case of an evil word is like that of an evil tree, which is uprooted from above the earth and has no stability.14:27 heavens rolled up, 'The day when We shall roll up the heavens like the roll- ing up of written scrolls by a scribe…' 21:105 intense cold wind, The likeness of what they spend for the present life is as the likeness of a wind wherein there is intense cold….3:118 mirage in a desert, And as to those who disbe- lieve, their deeds are like a mirage in a desert.The thirsty one imagines it to be water until, when he comes up to it, he finds it to be nothing… 24:40 mountain humbled, If We had sent down this Qur' a n on a mountain, thou wouldst, certainly, have seen it humbled and rent asunder for fear of Allah…..59:22

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~ 414 ~ person kindling fire Their case is like the case of a person who kindled a fire, and when it lighted up all around him, Allah took away their light and left them in thick darkness; they see not.2:18 power- lessness gods, Surely, those on whom you call upon instead of Allah cannot create even a fly, though they should all com- bine together for the pur- pose.And if the fly should snatch away anything from them, they cannot recover it therefrom… 22:74 seeds sown on rock, ….His case is like the case of a smooth rock covered with earth, on which heavy rain falls, leaving it bare and hard… 2:265 sprouting seed, ….This is their description in the Torah.And their de- scription in the Gospel is like unto a seed-produce that sends forth its sprout, then makes it strong; it then becomes stout, and stands firm on its stem, delighting the sowers— … 48:30 shaky founda- tion, Is he, then, who founded his building on fear of Allah and His pleasure better or he who has founded his building on the brink of a tottering water- worn bank which tumbled down with him into the fire of Hell?....9:109

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~ 415 ~ thick darkness, Or, their deeds are like thick layers of darkness spread over a vast and deep sea, on whose surface rise waves above waves, above which are clouds—layers upon layers of darkness….24:41 transitory life, The likeness of the present life is only as water which We send down from the clouds, then there mingles with it the produce of the earth, of which men and cat- tle eat till when the earth takes on its ornament and looks beautiful and its owners think that they have full power over it, there comes to it Our command by night or by day and We render it like a mown down field, as if nothing had existed there the day before….10:25 truth & false- hood, He sends down water from the sky so that valleys flow according to their measure and the flood bears on its sur- face swelling foam.And from that which they heat in the fire, seeking to make or- naments or utensils, comes out a foam similar to it.Thus does Allah illustrate truth and falsehood.Now, as to the foam, it goes away as rubbish and perishes but as to that which benefits men, it stays in the earth…..13:18

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~ 416 ~ Paradise: Jannah , chaste compan- ions in ¬ , ….And they will have therein pure mates, and therein will they abide.2:26 ….They and their wives will be in pleasant shades, reclining on raised couches.36:57 descrip- tion of ¬ , Allah has promised to be- lievers, men and women, Gardens underneath which rivers flow, wherein they will abide, and delightful dwelling-places in Gardens of Eternity…..9:72 But the virtuous shall drink of a cup, tempered with camphor— 76:6 The righteous will be in the midst of shades and springs, 77:42 And fruits, such as they will desire.77:43 Walled gardens and grape- vines, 78:33 And young maidens of equal age, 78:34 And over-flowing cups.78:35 Therein is a running spring, 88:13 Therein are raised couches, 88:14 And goblets properly placed, 88:15 And cushions beautifully ranged in rows, 88:16

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~ 417 ~ And carpets tastefully spread.88:17 earthly ¬ , And We said, 'O Adam, dwell thou and thy wife in the garden, and eat there- from plentifully wherever you will, but approach not this tree, lest you be of the wrongdoers.' 2:36 And We send down from the clouds water which is full of blessings, and We produce therewith gardens and crops, 50:10 And He will grant you in- crease of wealth and chil- dren, and will cause gar- dens to grow for you and will cause rivers to flow for you.71:13 eternity of ¬ , But as for the fortunate, they shall be in Heaven, abiding therein so long as the heavens and the earth endure save as thy Lord may wish—a gift that shall not be cut off.11:109 Fatigue shall not touch them there, nor shall they ever be ejected therefrom.15:49 families rejoin in ¬ , 'Our Lord, make them enter the Gardens of Eternity which Thou hast promised them, as well as such of their fathers and their wives and their children as are virtuous 40:9

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~ 418 ~ Jann a to - ‘ Adn , Gardens of Eternity, which they will enter; through them flow streams.16:32 Jannatul - ‘ A liyah , So he will enjoy a delight- ful life, 69:22 In a lofty Garden, 69:23 Jann a tul - Firdaus , Surely, those who believe and act righteously, will have Gardens of Paradise for an abode, 18:108 Jannatul - Khuld , Say, 'Is that better or the Garden of Eternity, which is promised to the right- eous? 25:16 Jann a tul - Maw a ’ As for those who believe and do good works, they will have Gardens of Eter- nal Abode as an entertain- ment in return for what they used to do.32:20 Jannatun - Na ‘ i m , 'And make me one of the heirs of the Garden of Bliss; 26:86 Mu ’ min u n who do good works will enter ¬ , Say, 'Is that better or the Gar- den of Eternity, which is promised to the righteous? It will be their reward and ulti- mate resort.' 25:16 peace of ¬ , Verily , the righteous will be placed amid gardens and fountains.'Enter therein with peace, in security.' 15:46-47 Rau da tul- Jannah , ….But those who believe and do good works will be in meadows of the Gar- dens… 42:23

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~ 419 ~ rewards of ¬ , for the right- eous men and women, the martyrs, the mu- h a jir u n , the patient, those who fear Allah, So their Lord answered their p rayers, saying, I will suffer not the work of any worker from among you, whether male or female, to be lost.You are from one another.Those, therefore, who have emigrated, and have been driven out from their homes, and have been persecuted for My cause, and have fought and been slain, I will surely remit from them their evil deeds and will cause them to enter gardens through which streams flow—a reward from Allah, and with Allah is the best of rewards.3:196 will be brought near, And Heaven will be brought near to the righteous, no longer remote.50:32 Parents: Thy Lord has commanded, that ye worship none but Him, and that ye show kind- ness to parents.If one or both of them attain old age with thee, never say to them as much as ugh nor reproach them, but always address them with kindly speech.17:24 And lower to them the wing of humility out of tender- ness.And say, ' My Lord, have mercy on them even as they nourished me when I was a little child.' 17:25

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~ 420 ~ And We have enjoined on man kindness to his par- ents; but if they contend with thee to make thee as- sociate that with Me of which thou hast no know- ledge, then obey them not… 29:9 Pastime: Lahw , La‘b , sport, And We created not the heavens and the earth and all that is between them in sport.44:39 And the life of the world is nothing but a sport and a pastime.And surely the abode of the Hereafter is better for those who are righteous… 6:33 Partner: See Shirk: Party: H izb , Of those who split up their religion and have become divided into sects; every party rejoicing in what they have.30:33 And those who take Allah and His Messenger and the believers for friends should rest assured that it is the party of Allah that must tri- umph.5:57 See also Sects: Patience: s abr , See also Moral traits: steadfastness , Allah’s help for ¬ , O ye who believe, seek help through perseverance and Prayer; surely, Allah is with those who patiently perse- vere.2:154

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~ 421 ~ ….So, if there be a hundred of you who are steadfast, they shall overcome two hundred; and if there be a thousand of you, they shall overcome two thousand… 8:67 enjoined ¬ , And seek help with pa- tience and prayer; and this indeed is hard except for the humble in spirit, 2:46 And he who is patient and forgives-that, surely, is a matter of high resolve.42:44 Holy Prophet sa and ¬ , And, O Prophet, endure thou with patience; and ver- ily thy patience is possible only with the help of Allah.And grieve not for them, nor feel distressed because of their evil designs.16:128 sign of Mu ’ min , Whose hearts are filled with awe when the name of Allah is mentioned, and who pa- tiently endure whatever be- falls them, and who observe Prayer and spend out of what We have bestowed upon them.22:36 reward of ¬ , Save those who are stead- fast and do good works.It is they who will have for- giveness and a great re- ward.11:12 Peace: And if they incline towards peace, incline thou also to- wards it, and put thy trust in Allah… 8:62

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~ 422 ~ So be not slack and sue not for peace, for you will, cer- tainly, have the upper hand.And Allah is with you, and He will not deprive you of the reward of your actions.47:36 And if two parties of be- lievers fight each other, make peace between them;… 49:10 People of the Book: Ahlul- Kit a b , Many of the People of the Book wish, out of sheer envy from themselves, that, after you have believed, they could turn you again into disbelievers after the truth has become manifest to them… 2:110 Say, 'O People of the Book! come to a word equal be- tween us and you—that we worship none but Allah, and that we associate no partner with Him, and that some of us take not others for Lords beside Allah…' 3:65 O People of the Book! why do you confound truth with falsehood and hide the truth knowingly? 3:72 And surely among the Peo- ple of the Book there are some who believe in Allah and in what has been sent down to you and in what was sent down to them, humbling themselves be- fore Allah… 3:200

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~ 423 ~ O People of the Book! there indeed has come to you Our Messenger, after a break in the series of Messengers, who makes things clear to you lest you should say, 'There has come to us no bearer of glad tidings and no Warner.'… 5:20 Verily, those, who disbe- lieve from among the Peo- ple of the Book and the idolaters, will be in the fire of Hell, abiding therein.They are the worst of crea- tures.98:7 People of al- H ijr: A sha bul- H ijr , And the People of the H ijr also treated the Messengers as liars.15:81 People of Midian: And to Midian We sent their brother Shu‘aib.He said, ' O my people, worship Allah.You have no god other than Him… 11:85 People of Tubba‘: Qaumu Tubba ‘, Are they better or the peo- ple of Tubba‘ and those be- fore them? We destroyed them because they were sinful.44:38 People of the Well: A sha bur Rass , And We destroyed ‘ A d and Tham u d, and the People of the Well, and many a gen- eration between them, 25:39 People of the Wood: And the People of the Wood, too, were wrongdo- ers.15:79

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~ 424 ~ A sha bul- Aykah , Pen: Qalam , And if all the trees that are in the earth were pens, and the ocean—seven more oceans to replenish it —were ink, the words of Allah would not be exhausted….31:28 Who taught by the pen, 96:5 Taught man what he knew not.96:6 Perish: Wavering between this and that, belonging neither to these nor to those.And he whom Allah causes to per- ish, for him thou shalt not find a way of escape.4:144 As though they had never dwelt therein.So perished Midian even as Tham u d had perished.11:96 Nay, We hurl the truth at falsehood, and it breaks its head, and lo! it perishes… 21:19 Perish the two hands of Ab u Lahab, and perish he! 111:2 Permis- sion: Leave, ’ Idhn , of Allah, ….Who is he that dare in- tercede with Him save by His permission?.....2:256

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~ 425 ~ And no soul can die except by Allah's leave,—decree with a fixed term… 3:146 ….didst fashion a creation out of clay, in the likeness of a bird, by My command; then thou didst breathe into it a new spirit and it be- came a soaring being by My command;….5:111 Therein descend angels and the Spirit by the command of their Lord with Divine decree concerning every matter.97:5 to fight, Permission to take up arms is given to those against whom war is made, because they have been wronged….22:40 Persecu- tion: And slay these transgres- sors wherever you meet them and drive them out from where they have driven you out; for persecu- tion is worse than slay- ing…..2:192 ….and to hinder men from the Sacred Mosque, and to turn out its people there- from, is more heinous in the sight of Allah; and persecu- tion is worse than kill- ing.'… 2:218 And fight them until there is no persecution and reli- gion is wholly for Allah…..8:40

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~ 426 ~ And of men there are some who say, 'We believe in Al- lah;' but when they are made to suffer in the cause of Allah, they regard the persecution of men as if it were the punishment of Allah…..29:11 And they hated them not but only because they be- lieved in Allah,….85:9 Philoso- phy: of marriage, Your wives are a sort of tilth for you; so approach your tilth when and as you like and send ahead some good for yourselves; … 2:224 of sins, Verily, Allah accepts the repentance of only those who do evil in ignorance and then repent soon af- ter….4:18 of teachings He it is Who has raised among the unlettered peo- ple a Messenger from among themselves who re- cites unto them His Signs, and purifies them, and teaches them the Book and Wisdom though before that they were in manifest error; 62:3 of war, ….And had not Allah re- pelled some men by others, the earth would indeed be full of mischief… 2:252

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~ 427 ~ Pharaoh: Fir ‘ aun , See also Moses: Ban i Isr a ’ i l: arro- gance of ¬ , And he and his hosts be- haved arrogantly in the land without justification.And they thought that they would never be brought back to Us.28:40 body pre- served, So this day We will save thee in thy body alone that thou mayest be a Sign to those who come after thee….10:93 drowning of ¬ , So We seized him and his hosts and threw them into the sea; and he was to blame.51:41 ignominy of ¬ , And We caused them to be followed by a curse in this world; and on the Day of Resurrection they will be among those deprived of all good.28:43 punish- ment of ¬ , The Fire.They are exposed to it morning and evening.And on the day when the appointed Hour is come, it will be said to the angels, 'Cast Pharaoh's people into the severest punishment.' 40:47 wife of ¬ , And Allah holds forth as an example, for those who be- lieve, the wife of Pharaoh when she said, 'My Lord! build for me a house with Thee in the Garden; and deliver me from Pharaoh and his work, and deliver

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~ 428 ~ me from the wrongdoing people; 66:12 Piety: You cannot attain to right- eousness unless you spend out of that which you love; and whatever you spend, Allah surely knows it well.3:93 See also Taqw a : Righteous: Pilgrim- age: H ajj , Allah, indeed, fulfilled for His Messenger the Vision: You shall, certainly, enter the Sacred Mosque, if Allah will, in security, some of you having their heads shaven and others having their hair cut short, you will have no fear….48:28 is an obligation ….And pilgrimage to the House is a duty which men—those who can find a way thither—owe to Allah….3:98 procla- mation of ¬ , 'And proclaim unto men the Pilgrimage.They will come to thee on foot, and on every lean camel, coming by every distant, deep track, 22:28 prohibi- tions during ¬ , O ye who believe! kill not game while you are in a state of Pilgrimage….5:96 rites of ¬ , Surely, A s - S af a and Al- Marwah are among the Signs of Allah.It is, there- fore, no sin for him who is on Pilgrimage to the House, or performs 'Umrah,

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~ 429 ~ to go around the two….2:159 …So whoever determines to perform the Pilgrimage in these months should remem- ber that there is to be no foul talk, nor any transgression, nor any quarrelling during the Pilgrimage… 2:198 ….But when you pour forth from ‘Araf a t, remember Al- lah at Mash‘arul-Har a m, and remember Him as He has guided you;..2:199 Pillars: It is Allah's kindled fire, 104:7 Which rises over the hearts.104:8 It will be closed in on them, 104:9 In outstretched columns.104:10 Allah is He Who raised up the heavens without any pillars that you can see….13:3 The tribe of Iram, posses- sors of lofty buildings? 89:8 Play: Lahw, La ‘ b , sport, O ye who believe! take not those for friends who make a jest and sport of your re- ligion from among those who were given the Book before you, and the disbe- lievers….5:58 And the life of the world is nothing but a sport and a pastime….6:33

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~ 430 ~ And leave alone those who take their religion to be a sport and a pastime, and whom worldly life has be- guiled….6:71 Plague: And when the sentence is passed against them, We shall bring forth for them an insect out of the earth which shall wound them because people did not believe in Our Signs.27:83 Then We sent upon them the storm and the locusts and the lice and the frogs and the blood—clear Signs; but they behaved proudly and were a sinful people.7:134 Planets: ….Then He settled Him- self on the Throne.And He pressed the sun and the moon into your service; each planet pursues its course until an appointed term … 13:3 And He it is Who created the night and the day, and the sun and the moon, each gliding along smoothly in its orbit.21:34 Pledge: Every soul is pledged for what it has earned; 74:39 Nay, but whoso fulfils his pledge and fears Allah— verily, Allah loves those who fear Him.3:77 And Jesus's enemies planned and Allah also

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~ 431 ~ Plot: Plan, Makar , planned, and Allah is the Best of Planners.3:55 And remember when the disbelievers devised plans against thee that they might put thee in confinement or slay thee or expel thee.And they planned and Allah also planned, and Allah Is the Best of planners.8:31 Poet: And We have not taught him poetry, nor does it be- hove him to be a poet … 36:70 And as for the poets—It is the erring ones who follow them.26:225 And said, 'Shall we give up our gods for a mad poet?' 37:37 Poll Tax: Jizyah , …until they pay the tax considering it a favour and acknowledge their subjec- tion.9:29 Polyg- amy: And if you fear that you will not be just in dealing with the orphans, then marry of other women as may be agreeable to you, two, or three, or four; and if you fear you will not be able to do justice, then marry only one or marry what your right hands pos- sess….4:4 Polythe- ism: Surely, Allah will not forgive that a partner be associated with Him; but He will forgive whatever is short of that to

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~ 432 ~ whomsoever He pleases.And whoso associates partners with Allah has indeed de- vised a very great sin.4:49 Pome- granate: Rumm a n , … And We produce there- with gardens of grapes, and the olive and the pomegran- ate—like and unlike….6:100 Poor: If you give alms openly, it is well and good; b ut if you hide them and give them to the poor, it is better for you,… 2:272 The alms are only for the poor and the needy, and for those employed in connection therewith,… 9:60 Power: Allah has the ¬ , … And if Allah had so willed, He could take away their hearing and their sight; surely, Allah has the power to do all that He wills.2:21 Allah has decreed: 'Most surely, I will prevail, I and My Messengers.' Verily, Allah is Powerful, Mighty.58:22 those be- sides Allah, Say, 'Will you worship be- side Allah that which has no power to do you harm or good?'…..5:77 Praise: See Adoration: Prayer: Du a , See also S al a t:

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~ 433 ~ for Holy Prophet sa , Allah sends down His blessings on the Prophet and His angels pray for him.O ye who believe, you too should invoke His blessings on him and salute him with the salutation of peace.33:57 neglect of ¬ , Then there came after them an evil generation who ne- glected Prayer, and fol- lowed their evil desires.So they will meet destruction, 19:60 of Adam, Then Adam learnt from his Lord certain words of prayer… 2:38 They said, 'Our Lord, we have wronged ourselves and if Thou forgive us not and have not mercy on us, we shall surely be of the losers.' 7:24 of disbe- liever Say to the disbelievers, 'But for your prayer to Him my Lord would not care for you at all.25:78 of dis- tressed, Or, who answers the cry of the distressed person when he calls upon Him, and re- moves the evil,… 27:63 of idol- worship- per, Surely, those whom you call on beside Allah are creatures like you.Then call on them and let them answer you, if you are truthful.7:195

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~ 434 ~ of suppli- cant, And when My servants ask thee about Me, say, 'I am near.I answer the prayer of the supplicant when he prays to Me.So they should hearken to Me and believe in Me, that they may follow the right way.' 2:187 Say, 'My Prayer and my sacrifice and my life and my death are all for Allah, the Lord of the worlds; 6:163 Prayers of the Holy Qur’ a n : Abra- ham’s ¬ , 'Our Lord, make both of us submissive to Thee and make of our offspring a people sub- missive to Thee.And show us our ways of worship and turn to us with mercy; for Thou art Oft-Returning with compassion, and art Merci- ful; 2:129 'And, Our Lord, raise up among them a Messenger from among themselves, who may recite to them Thy Signs and teach them the Book and Wisdom and may purify them; 2:130 'My Lord, make me con- stant in observing Prayer, and my children too.Our Lord! bestow Thy grace on me and accept my prayer,

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~ 435 ~ 'Our Lord, forgive me and my parents and the believ- ers on the day when the reckoning will take place.' 14:41-42 before entering, And say, 'O my Lord, make my entry a good entry and make me go forth a good going forth.And grant me from Thyself a helping power.' 17:81 for guidance, Guide us in the straight path,… 1:6 'Our Lord, let not our hearts become perverse after Thou hast guided us, and bestow on us mercy from Thyself; surely, Thou art the Great Bestower; 3:9 … 'Our Lord, bestow on us mercy from Thyself, and furnish us with right guid- ance in our affair.' 18:11 for seek- ing good, And of them there are some who say, 'Our Lord, grant us good in this world as well as good in the world to come, and save us from the torment of the Fire.' 2:202 for for- giveness, ' Our Lord, we have heard a Crier calling us unto faith, saying, 'Believe ye in your Lord,' and we have be- lieved.Our Lord, forgive us, therefore, our sins and remit from us our evils and in death join us with the righteous; 3:194

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~ 436 ~ They said, 'Our Lord, we have wronged ourselves and if Thou forgive us not and have not mercy on us, we shall surely be of the losers.' 7:24 for deliv- erance from op- pressors, ' Our Lord, take us out of this town whose people are oppressors, and give us a friend from Thyself and give us from Thyself a helper.' 4:76 ' And deliver us by Thy mercy from the tyranny of the disbelieving people.' 10:87 And say, 'My Lord, I seek refuge in Thee from the in- citements of the evil ones; 23:98 ' My Lord, save me and my family from what they do.' 26:170 ' My Lord! build for me a house with Thee in the Garden; and deliver me from Pharaoh and his work, and deliver me from the wrongdoing people; 66:12 for against an enemy, He said, 'Help me, my Lord, against the wicked people.' 29:31 'Our Lord, make us not a trial for those who disbe- lieve, and forgive us, our Lord;… 60:6

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~ 437 ~ for Divine grace, help … 'O our Lord, pour forth steadfastness upon us, and make our steps firm, and help us against the disbe- lieving people.' 2:251 … 'My Lord, leave me not alone and Thou art the Best of inheritors.' 21:90 ' Help me, my Lord, against the wicked people.' 29:31 … 'I am overcome, so come Thou to my help!' 54:11 for mar- riage, 'My Lord, I stand in need of whatever good Thou mayest send down to me.' 28:25 for pro- tection, 'My Lord, I beg Thee to protect me from asking Thee that whereof I have no know-ledge.And unless Thou forgive me and have mercy on me, I shall be among the losers.' 11:48 'I seek refuge in the Lord of the dawn, 'From the evil of that which He has created, 'And from the evil of darkness when it over- spreads, 'And from the evil of those who blow upon the knots of mutual rela- tionships to undo them, 'And from the evil of the envier when he envies.' 113:2-6

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~ 438 ~ for stead- fastness, ….'Our Lord, forgive us our sins and our excesses in our conduct, and make firm our steps and help us against the disbelieving people.3:148 … Our Lord, pour forth upon us steadfastness and cause us to die resigned unto Thee...' 7:127 for right- eousness, 'Our Lord, we believe, so write us down among the witnesses; 'And why should we not believe in Allah and in the truth which has come to us, while we earnestly wish that our Lord should include us among the righteous people?' 5:84- 85 'My Lord, bestow wisdom on me and join me with the righteous; 26:84 for self & family, 'My Lord, grant me from Thyself pure offspring; surely, Thou art the Hearer of prayer.' 3:39 'My Lord, have mercy on them even as they nour- ished me when I was a little child.' 17:25 'Our Lord, grant us of our wives and children the de- light of our eyes, and make us a model for the right- eous.' 25:75 'My Lord, save me and my family from what they do.' 26:170

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~ 439 ~ 'Our Lord, make them enter the Gardens of Eternity which Thou hast promised them, as well as such of their fathers and their wives and their children as are virtuous… 40:9 'My Lord! forgive me and my parents, and him who enters my house as a be- liever, and the believing men and the believing women; and increase Thou not the wrong-doers in aught but in ruin.' 71:29 for know- ledge, … 'Lord, bestow on me in- crease of knowledge.' 20:115 'My Lord, expand for me my breast; 20:26 for triumph of truth, 'My Lord, my people have treated me as a liar; 'There- fore judge Thou decisively between me and them; and save me and the believers that are with me.' 26:118-119 of Ibl i s , 'My Lord, then grant me respite till the day when they shall be raised.' 15:37 Preach- ing : with wisdom, Call unto the way of thy Lord with wisdom and goodly exhortation and ar- gue with them in a way that is best….16:126

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~ 440 ~ And argue not with the People of the Book except with what is best as an ar- gument, but argue not at all with such of them as are unjust….29:47 And Who is better in speech than he who invites men to Allah and does righteous deeds… 41:34 without coercion, And if any one of the idola- ters seeks protection of thee, grant him protection so that he may hear the Word of Allah; then convey him to his place of security.That is because they are a people who have no knowledge.9:6 There is no compulsion in religion… 2:257 'But speak to him a gentle word, haply he might take heed or fear.' 20:45 So obey not the disbelievers and strive against them by means of the Qur' a n with a mighty striving.25:53 'Then preached to them in public, and appealed to them in private.' 71:10 repel evil with good, And good and evil are not alike."Repel evil with that which is best… 41:35 Except those who believe and do righteous deeds, and exhort one another to p reach Truth, and exhort

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~ 441 ~ one another to be steadfast.103:4 Pre-desti- nation : Qadr , Wheresoever you may be, death will overtake you, even if you be in strongly built towers.And if some good befalls them, they say, ' This is from Allah;' and if evil befalls them, they say, 'This is from thee.' Say, 'All is from Allah.'….4:79 Whatever of good comes to thee is from Allah; and whatever of evil befalls thee is from thyself…..4:80 And for every people there is a term, and when their term is come, they cannot remain behind a single mo- ment, nor can they get ahead of it.7:35 'And when I fall ill, it is He Who restores me to health; 26:81 And that man will have nothing but what he strives for; 53:40 See also Destiny: Prisoners of War : release of ¬ favoured, ….—then afterwards either release them as a favour or by taking ransom—until the war lays down its bur- dens….47:5 taking of ¬ , It does not behove a Prophet that he should have captives until he engages in

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~ 442 ~ a regular fighting in the land…..8:68 Privacy : O ye who believe! let those whom your right hands pos- sess, and those of you, who have not reached puberty, ask leave of you at three times before coming into your private apartments— before the Morning Prayer, and when you lay aside your clothes at noon in summer and after the Night Prayer.These are three times of privacy for you.24:59 See also Purdah: Prohib- ited : See Unlawful: Promise : Allah true to His ¬ , … and who can be more truthful than Allah in word ?..4:123 Think not then that Allah will ever fail to keep His promise to His Messengers, … 14:48 awaiting fulfill- ment of Divine ¬ , And they say, 'When will this promise be fulfilled, if you are truthful?' 34:30 fulfill your ¬ , ….and those who fulfil their promise when they have made one,… 2:178 of Allah, Satan threatens you with poverty and enjoins upon you what is foul, whereas

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~ 443 ~ Allah promises you for- giveness from Himself and bounty….2:269 Allah has promised to those among you who believe and do good works that He will, surely, make them Succes- sors in the earth,… 24:56 Allah has promised to be- lievers, men and women, Gardens underneath which rivers flow, wherein they will abide, and delightful dwelling-places in Gardens of Eternity.… 9:72 And He has promised you another victory which you have not been able to achieve yet, but Allah has, surely, compassed it… 48:22 And the Promised Day, 85:3 of Abraham, Joseph, And Abraham's asking for- giveness for his father was only because of a promise he had made to him,… 9:114 He said, 'I will not send him with you until you give me a solemn promise in the name of Allah that you will surely bring him to me,… 12:67 to disbeliev- ers, hypo- crites Allah promises the hypo- crites, men and women, and the disbelievers the fire of Hell, wherein they shall abide… 9:68

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~ 444 ~ to Moses, And We made Moses a promise of thirty nights and supplemented them with ten.Thus the period ap- pointed by his Lord was completed—forty nights… 7:143 to Satan, He holds out promises to them and excites vain de- sires in them, and Satan promises them nothing but vain things.4:121 warning, Wa ‘ i d , And the trumpet shall be blown.That will be the Day of Promise.50:21 Promised Messi- ah as : See Ahmad: Property : & children a trial, And know that your posses- sions and your children are but a trial and that it is Allah with Whom is a great reward.8:29 devouring others ¬ , And do not devour your property among yourselves by false means and offer it not as bribe to the authori- ties that you may devour a part of the wealth of other people wrongfully while you know.2:189 of orphans, And test the understanding of the orphans until they at- tain the age of marriage, then, if you perceive in them mature judgment, de- liver to them their property;

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~ 445 ~ and devour it not in extrav- agance and haste against their growing up… 4:7 Proph- ecy : can be post- poned or averted, But when We removed the punishment from them, be- hold! they broke their pledge.43:51 … When they believed, We removed from them the punishment of disgrace in the present life,… 10:99 fulfill- ment of ¬ , For every prophecy there is a fixed time; and soon will you come to know.6:68 Prophe- cies, in the Holy Qur’ a n : about battles, They are a host of the con- federates which shall be routed here… 38:12 And He has promised you another victory which you have not been able to achieve yet, but Allah has, surely, compassed it… 48:22 canals, And when the oceans are made to flow forth and joined together, 82:4 disbeliev- ers, hypo- crites, And when the sentence is passed against them, We shall bring forth for them an insect out of the earth which shall wound them

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~ 446 ~ because people did not be- lieve in Our Signs.27:83 Gog & Magog, It shall be so even when Gog and Magog are let loose and they shall hasten forth from every height and from the top of every wave.21:97 the Holy Prophet sa , He Who has made the teaching of the Qur' a n bind- ing on thee will most surely bring thee back to thy or- dained place of return… 28:86 And how many a township, mightier than thy town which has driven thee out, have We destroyed, and they had no helper.47:14 And We have exalted thy name.94:5 the Holy Qur’ a n, Verily, it is We Who have sent down this Exhortation, and most surely We are its Guardian 15:10 And it is surely mentioned in the Scriptures of the for- mer peoples.26:197 Who taught by the pen, 96:5 the Hour, O people, fear your Lord; verily the earthquake of the Hour is a tremendous thing 22:2 See also S a ‘ah: Islam, To Allah belong the East and the West; so whitherso- ever you turn, there will be the face of Allah….2:116

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~ 447 ~ He it is Who sent His Mes- senger with guidance and the religion of truth, that He may make it prevail over every other religion,… 9:33 He will plan His Ordinance from the heaven unto the earth, then will it go up to Him in a day the duration of which is a thousand years according as you reckon.32:6 Soon We will show them Our Signs in farthest re- gions of the earth and among their own people un- til it becomes manifest to them that it is the truth… 41:54 Allah has decreed: 'Most surely, I will prevail, I and My Messengers.'… 58:22 Jesus, 'And He has made me blessed wheresoever I may be, and has enjoined upon me Prayer and almsgiving so long as I live; 19:32 Jews, And after him We said to the Children of Israel, 'Dwell ye in the promised land; and when the time of the promise of the Latter Days comes, We shall bring you together out of various peoples.' 17:105 Ka ‘ bah , Allah has made the Ka'bah, the Sacred House, a means of support and uplift for mankind,… 5:98

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~ 448 ~ ….and keep My house clean for those who per- form the circuits, and those who stand up and those who bow and prostrate themselves in Prayer; 22:27 'And proclaim unto men the Pilgrimage.They will come to thee on foot, and on every lean camel, coming by every distant, deep track, 22:28 latter days, And He has created horses and mules and asses that you may ride them, and as a source of beauty.And He will create what you do not y et know.16:9 Mecca, And say, 'O my Lord, make my entry a good entry and make me go forth a good going forth… 17:81 plague, And when the sentence is passed against them, We shall bring forth for them an insect out of the earth which shall wound them…..27:83 the Promised Messiah as And He will raise him among others of them who have not yet joined them… 63:4 And the Promised Day, 85:3 new discover- ies, And the earth throws up her burdens, 99:3 And man says, 'What is the matter with her?' 99:4

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~ 449 ~ new trans- ports, See latter Days, Palestine, And We have already writ- ten in the Book of David, after the Reminder, that My righteous servants shall in- herit the land.21:106 Romans, In a few years— Allah's is the dominion before and af- ter that— and on that day the believers will rejoice 30:5 wars, earth- quakes, And bethink of the day when We shall remove the mountains and thou wilt see the nations of the earth march forth against one an- other and We shall gather them all together and shall not leave any one of them behind.18:48 Soon shall We attend to you, O ye two big groups! 55:32 Prophet- hood : bestowed ¬, It is these to whom We gave the Book and domin- ion and Prophethood.But if they are ungrateful for these f avours it matters not, for We have now entrusted them to a people who are not ungrateful for them.6:90

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~ 450 ~ categories of ¬ , These Messengers have We exalted some of them above others; among them there are those to whom Allah spoke; and some of them He exalted in degrees of rank… 2:254 continuity of ¬ , And whoso obeys Allah and this Messenger shall be among those on whom Allah has bestowed His blessings— the Prophets, the Truthful, the Martyrs, and the Righteous.And an excellent company are they.4:70 Guide us in the straight path, The path of those on whom Thou hast bestowed Thy favours,….1:6-7 See also Kh a tamun- Nabuwwah false claimants to ¬ , Moses said to them, 'Woe to you, forge not a lie against Allah, lest He de- stroy you utterly by some punishment and, surely, he who forges a lie shall per- ish.' 20:62 And a believing man from among the people of Pharaoh, who kept hidden his faith, said, "Will you slay a man because he says, 'My Lord is Allah,' while he has also brought you clear proofs from your Lord? And if he be a liar, on him will be the sin of his lie; but if he is truthful, then some of that which he

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~ 451 ~ threatens you with will, surely, befall you…..40:29 And if he had forged and attributed any sayings to Us, We would, surely, have seized him by the right hand, And then, surely, We would have cut his life-vein, 69:45-47 functions of ¬ , And relate the story of Mo- ses as mentioned in the Book.He was, indeed, a chosen one; and he was a Messenger, a Prophet.19:52 On the Messenger lies only the conveying of the Mes- sage….5:100 And We send not the Mes- sengers but as bearers of glad tidings and as Warn- ers… 6:49 He it is Who has raised among the unlettered peo- ple a Messenger from among themselves who re- cites unto them His Signs, and purifies them, and teaches them the Book and- Wisdom though before that they were in manifest error; 62:3 Proph- ets as : A nb iy a ’, See also Messengers: Allah chooses His ¬ , Their Messengers said to them, 'We are indeed only mortals like you but Allah bestows His favours on

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~ 452 ~ whomsoever He wills from among His servants… 14:12 He sends down the angels with revelation by His command on whomsoever of His servants He pleases, saying, 'Warn people that there is no god but I, so take Me alone for your Protector.' 16:3 Allah chooses men, And We sent not before thee as Messengers any but men to whom We sent rev- elation, from among the people of the towns… 12:110 Allah helps His ¬ , Most surely, We help Our Messengers and those who believe, both in the present life and on the day when the witnesses will stand forth, 40:52 And, surely, Our word has gone forth to Our servants, the Messengers, 37:172 That it is, certainly, they who will be helped; 37:173 and Mes- sengers, And relate the story of Ish- mael as mentioned in the Book.He was indeed true to his promises.And he was a Messenger, a Prophet.19:55 are mere mortals, no woman And We sent none as Mes- sengers b efore thee but men to whom We sent revela- tions.… 21:8

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~ 453 ~ made Prophet, Nor did We give them bod- ies that ate not food, neither were they to live for ever.21:9 And, indeed, We sent Mes- sengers before thee, and We gave them wives and children… 13:39 Say, 'Holy is my Lord! I am but a mortal sent as a Messenger.' 17:94 And they say, 'What sort of a Messenger is this that he eats food, and walks in the streets?...25:8 belief in ¬ , Say ye, 'We believe in Allah and what has been revealed to us, and what was revealed to Abraham and Ishmael, and Isaac, and Jacob and his children, and what was given to Moses and Jesus, and what was given to all other Prophets from their Lord.We make no distinc- tion between any of them;… 2:137 enemies of ¬ , And in like manner have We made for every Prophet an enemy, the evil ones from among men and jinn.6:113 are with- out blemish, And it is not possible for a Prophet to act dishonestly, … 3:162 And if they accuse thee of lying, even so were accused of lying Messengers before thee who came with clear

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~ 454 ~ Signs and Books of wis- dom….3:185 men- tioned in Qur’ a n, Surely, We have sent reve- lation to thee, as We sent revelation to Noah and the Prophets after him; and We sent revelation to Abraham and Ishmael and Isaac and Jacob and his children and to Jesus and Job and Jonah and Aaron and Solomon, and We gave David a Book.4:164 A nd We sent some Messen- gers whom We have al- ready mentioned to thee and some Messengers whom We have not men- tioned to thee… 4:165 obedience due to ¬ , And We have sent no Mes- senger but that he should be obeyed by the command of Allah.4:65 'So fear Allah, and obey me; 26:109 opposi- tion to ¬ , Never did We send a Mes- senger or a Prophet before thee, but when he sought to attain his object, Satan put obstacles in the way of what he sought after.But Allah removes the obsta- cles that are placed by Sa- tan… 22:53 Thus did We make for every Prophet an enemy from among the sinners;… 25:32

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~ 455 ~ sent to all people, Verily, We have sent thee with the Truth, as a bearer of glad tidings and as a Warner; and there is no people to whom a Warner has not been sent.35:25 sinless- ness of ¬ , See Infallibility: slaying of ¬ , ….and they incurred the wrath of Allah; that was be- cause they rejected the Signs of Allah and sought to slay the Prophets unjustly;… 2:62 superior- ity of some ¬ , ….And We exalted some of the Prophets over the others…..17:56 trials, or- deals of ¬ , ….Poverty and afflictions befell them and they were violently shaken until the Messenger and those who believed along with him said, 'When will the help of Allah come?' Yea, surely the help of Allah is nigh.2:215 Provi- sions : Allah enlarges ¬ , Allah enlarges His provi- sion and straitens it for whomsoever He pleases.And they rejoice in the pre- sent life, while the present life is but a temporary en- joyment as compared with the Hereafter.13:27 And if Allah should greatly enlarge the provision for His servants, they would rebel in the earth; but He

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~ 456 ~ sends down according to a proper measure as He pleases…..42:28 Allah provides, O ye who believe, eat of the good things We have pro- vided for you, and render thanks to Allah,… 2:173 And there is no creature that moves on the earth but it is for Allah to provide it with sustenance… 11:7 And those who leave their homes for the cause of Allah, and are then slain or die, Al- lah will, surely, provide for them a goodly provision 22:59 spiritual ¬ , … And furnish yourselves with necessary provisions f or your journey and surely, the best provision is righteousness…..2:198 Verily, this is Our provision which will never be ex- hausted.38:55 worldly ¬ , And those of you who die and leave behind wives shall bequeath to their wives provision for a year without their being turned out….2:241 And that you seek for- giveness of your Lord, and then turn to Him.He will provide for you a goodly provision until an appointed term… 11:4

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~ 457 ~ And whatever you have been given is only a tempo- rary provision of this life, but that which is with Allah is better and more lasting for those who believe and put their trust in their Lord, 42:37 Or, who is he that will pro- vide for you, if He should withhold His provision?...67:22 Psalms : See Zab u r: Punish- ment : Allah not unjust in ¬ , And thy Lord would not de- stroy the cities unjustly while the people thereof were righteous.11:118 Allah slow to ¬ , And if Allah were to punish people for what they do, He would not leave a living creature on the surface of the earth; but He gives them respite until an ap- pointed term;… 35:46 averting of ¬ , But whoso repents after his transgression and amends, then will Allah surely turn to him in mercy; … 5:40 Why was there no town, which believed so that their belief should have profited them, save the people of Jo- nah? When they believed, We removed from them the punishment of disgrace in the present life, and We

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~ 458 ~ gave them provision for a while.10:99 by bombs, warfare, It was but a single blast and lo! they were extinct.36:30 double ¬ for lead- ers, Such can never frustrate God's plans in the land nor have they any friends be- sides Allah.Punishment will be doubled for them… 11:21 for adul- tery, The adulteress and the adul- terer—flog each one of them with a hundred stripes… 24:3 for disorder, The only reward of those, who wage war against Allah and His Messenger and strive to create disorder in the land, is that they be slain or cruci- fied or their hands and feet be cut off on account of their en- mity, or they be expelled from the land.That shall be a disgrace for them in this world, and in the Hereafter they shall have a great pun- ishment; 5:34 for disbelief, So each one of them We seized for his sin; of them were those against whom We sent a violent sand- storm, and of them were those whom a roaring blast overtook, and of them were those whom We caused the earth to swallow up, and of them were those whom We drowned.And Allah did not

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~ 459 ~ wrong them, but they wronged themselves.29:41 for gross improp- riety And such of your women as are guilty of any flagrant impropriety—call to wit- ness four of you against them; and if they bear wit- ness, then confine them to the houses until death over- takes them or Allah opens for them some other way.4:16 for murder, … And he who slays a be- liever by mistake shall free a believing slave, and pay bloodmoney to be handed over to his heirs, unless they remit it as charity.But if the person slain be of a people hostile to you, and he is a believer, then the penalty is only the freeing of a believing slave, and if he be of a people between whom and you is a pact, then the penalty is blood- money to be freeing of a believing slave….4:93 for robbery, And as for the man who steals and the woman who steals, cut off their hands in retribution of their offence as an exemplary punish- ment from Allah… 5:39 for slander, And those who calumniate chaste women but bring not four witnesses—flog them with eighty stripes, and do

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~ 460 ~ not admit their evidence ever after, for it is they that are the transgressors,… 24:5 in Hereafter, In that surely is a Sign for him who fears the punish- ment of the Hereafter.That is a day on which all man- kind shall be gathered to- gether and that is a day which shall be witnessed by all.11:104 kinds of ¬ , Say, 'He has power to send punishment upon you from above you or from beneath your feet, or to confound you by splitting you into sects and make you taste the violence of one an- other….6:66 And most surely We will make them taste of the lesser punishment before the greater punishment, that they may return to Us with repentance.32:22 shield against ¬ , And We sent among them a Messenger from among themselves with the Message, 'Serve Allah, you have no god other than Him.Will you not then make Him your shield against all calamities? 23:33 after warning, And never did We destroy any township but it had its Warners.26:209

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~ 461 ~ Pure : Allah purifies, Hast thou not seen those who hold themselves to be pure? Nay, it is Allah who purifies whomsoever He pleases,..4:50 beverage, water, And He it is Who sends the winds as glad tidings before His mercy, and We send down pure water from the clouds, 25:49 ….And their Lord will give them to drink a pure bever- age.76:22 food, O ye who believe, eat of the good things We have pro- vided for you,….2:173 mates, spouses, …And they will have therein pure mates, and therein will they abide.2:26 righteous believers, Those whom the angels cause to die while they are pure, they say to them, 'Peace be unto you.Enter Heaven because of what you used to do.' 16:33 Purdah : veil, Say to the believing men that they restrain their looks and guard their private parts.That is purer for them…..24:31 And say to the believing women that they restrain their looks and guard their private parts, and that they display not their beauty or their embellishment except that which is apparent

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~ 462 ~ thereof, and that they draw their head-coverings over their bosoms, and that they display not their beauty or their embel-lishment save to their husbands, or… 24:32 Such elderly women as are past the age of marriage– there is no blame on them if they lay aside their outer clothing without displaying their beauty.But to abstain even from that is better for them….24:61 O Prophet! tell thy wives and thy daughters, and the women of the believers, that they should pull down upon them of their outer cloaks from their heads over their faces.That is more likely that they may thus be recognized and not molested…..33:60

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~ 463 ~ Q Qabr : grave, Nor alike are the living and the dead.Surely, Allah causes him to hear whom He pleases; and thou canst not make those hear who are in the graves.35:23 And never pray thou for any of them that dies, nor stand by his grave; for they disbelieved in Allah and His Messenger and died while they were disobedi- ent.9:84 Qab u l : accept, Surely, those who disbe- lieve after they have be- lieved and then increase in disbelief, their repentance shall not be accepted, and these are they who have gone astray.3:91 And remember the time when Abraham and Ishmael raised the foundations of the House, praying, 'Our Lord, accept this from us; for Thou art the All-Hear- ing, the All-knowing; 2:128 Qa da ’ Qadr : Allah’s will prevails, Say, 'Nothing shall befall us save that which Allah has ordained for us.He is our Protector.9:51 ….Such, indeed, was the way of Allah with those who have passed before—

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~ 464 ~ and the command of Allah is a decree ordained— 33:39 There befalls not any afflic- tion but by the leave of Allah.And whosoever be- lieves in Allah—He guides his heart aright.And Allah knows all things well.64:12 fixed term, Say, 'For you is the promise of a day from which you cannot remain behind a sin- gle moment, nor can you get ahead of it.' 34:31 And no soul can die except by Allah's leave, —a decree with a fixed term.3:146 And placed it in a safe rest- ing place, For a known measure of time? 77:22-23 free will, ….Say, 'Allah leaves to go astray whom He wills and !guides to Himself those who turn to Him; 13:28 ….And had Allah enforced His Will, He could surely have brought them all to- gether to the guidance.So be thou not of those who lack knowledge.6:36 So, whomsoever Allah in- tends to guide, He expands his bosom for the ac- ceptance of Islam; and whomsoever He intends that he should go astray, He makes his bosom narrow and close, as though he

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~ 465 ~ were mounting up into the skies….6:126 We have shown him the way, whether he be grateful or ungrateful.76:4 See also Destiny: recorded in book, There befalls not any ca- lamity either in the earth or in your own persons, but it is recorded in a Book be- fore We bring it into Be- ing—surely, that is easy for Allah 57:23 Q a dir : powerful, Allah has the power to do all, Do they not realize that Allah, Who created the heavens and the earth and was not wearied by their creation, has the power to bring the dead to life? Yea, verily, He has power over all things.46:34 Qiblah : And We revealed to Moses and his brother, saying, 'Take for your people some houses in the town, and construct your houses so that they face each other and observe Prayer….10:88 See also Ka‘bah: Qir a ’at : See Recitation: Qi sas : blood- money, O ye who believe! equita- ble retaliation in the matter of the slain is prescribed for you; the free man for the free man, and the slave for the slave, and the female for the female…..2:179

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~ 466 ~ See Retaliation: Qit a l : See War: Qiy a mah : See Afterlife: Q a r u n : See Corah: Quraish : Thy Lord destroyed the Owners of the Elephant in order to attach the hearts of the Quraish 106:2 Qur’ a n : abroga- tion refuted, Whatever message We ab- rogate or cause to be for- gotten, We bring one better than that or the like thereof….2:107 He it is Who has sent down to thee the Book; in it there are verses that are firm and decisive in meaning—they are the basis of the Book— and there are others that are susceptible of different in- terpretations….3:8 This is a Book, whose verses have been made firm and free from imperfection and then they have been ex- pounded in detail….11:2 'And recite what has been revealed to thee of the Book of thy Lord.There is none who can change His words,… 18:28 and Jinn, Say, "It has been revealed to me that a company of the jinn listened to the Qur' a n and they said: 'Truly, we have heard a wonderful Qur' a n, 72:2

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~ 467 ~ They said, 'O our people, we have heard a Book, which has been sent down after Moses, fulfilling that which is before it; it guides to the truth and to the right path; 46:31 angels bear witness, But Allah bears witness by means of the revelation which He has sent down to thee that He has sent it down full of His knowledge, and the angels also bear witness;….4:167 arrange- ment of ¬ , And We have divided the Qur' a n in parts that thou mayest read it to mankind slowly and at intervals and We have sent it down piecemeal.17:107 and previous scrip- tures, He has made it a guardian, that it may give warning of a grevious chastisement from Him, and that it may give the believers, who do good works, the glad tid- ings that they shall have a goodly reward, 18:3 And before it there was the Book of Moses, a guide and a mercy; and this is a Book in the Arabic language, ful- filling previous prophe- cies ….46:13 They said, 'O our people, we have heard a Book, which has been sent down after Moses, fulfilling that which is before it; it guides

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~ 468 ~ to the truth and to the right path; 46:31 and know- ledge, And surely We have brought them a Book which We have expounded with knowledge, a guidance and a mercy for a people who believe.7:53 character- istics of ¬ , And, indeed, We have made the Qur' a n easy to re- member….54:18 Contained in honoured Books, 80:14 Exalted, purified, 80:15 In the hands of writers, 80:16 Noble and virtuous.80:17 collection protection of ¬ , Surely, upon Us rests its collection and its recital 75:18 Will they not, then, medi- tate upon the Qur' a n? Had it been from anyone other than Allah, they would surely have found therein much discrepancy.4:83 Verily, it is We Who have sent down this Exhortation, and most surely We are its Guardian.15:10 And We have guarded it against the intrusion of every rejected Satan.15:18 Nay, but it is a glorious Qur' a n.85:22 In a well-guarded tablet.85:23

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~ 469 ~ compre- hensible, In plain and clear Arabic tongue.26:196 And, indeed, We have made the Qur' a n easy to re- member….54:18 So We have made the Qur' a n easy in thy tongue that thou mayest give thereby glad tidings to the righteous, and warn thereby a contentious people.19:98 disap- pearance of ¬ , And if We pleased, We could certainly take away that which We have re- vealed to thee and then thou wouldst find no guardian for thyself against Us in the matter, 17:87 eminence of ¬ , Sa d, We cite as proof the Qur' a n, which is full of ex- hortation, that it is Our re- vealed Word.38:2 enjoins reflection, See Reflect: excel- lence, perfection of ¬ , Ummul- Kit a b , And if you are in doubt as to what We have sent down to Our servant, then pro- duce a chapter like it, and call upon your helpers be- side Allah, if you are truth- ful.2:24 This is a perfect Book; there is no doubt in it; it is a guidance for the righteous, 2:3 Do they say, 'He has forged it?' Say, Bring then a Surah like unto it, and call for help on all you can, apart

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~ 470 ~ from Allah, if you are truth- ful.' 10:39 Do they say, 'He has forged it?' Say, 'then bring ten Su- rahs like it forged, and call on whom you can apart from Allah, if you are truth- ful.' 11:14 Say, 'If men and jinn should gather together to produce the like of this Qur' a n, they could not produce the like thereof, even though they should help one an- other.' 17:89 This is a Book which We have revealed to thee, full of excellences, that they may reflect over its verses, and that those gifted with understanding may take heed.38:30 Repeat- edly explains, And, surely, We have ex- plained in various ways in this Qur' a n for the good of mankind all manner of si- militudes, but of all things man is most contentious.18:55 from Allah, And verily this Qur' a n is a revelation from the Lord of all the worlds.26:193 healing & guidance, O mankind! there indeed has come to you an Exhor- tation from your Lord and a healing for whatever dis- ease there is in the hearts, and a guidance and a mercy to the believers.10:58

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~ 471 ~ And We gradually reveal of the Qur' a n that which is a healing and a mercy to the believers; but it only adds to the loss of the wrongdo- ers.17:83 objec- tions to ¬ , And those who disbelieve say, 'Why was not the Qur' a n revealed to him all at once?' We have revealed it in this manner that We may strengthen thy heart therewith.And We have ar- ranged it in the best form.25:33 And they do not come to thee with an objection but We provide thee with the truth and an excellent ex- planation.25:34 And When it is said to them, 'What think ye of that which your Lord has sent down?' they say, 'They are mere stories of the an- cients.' 16:25 Nay, they say, 'These are but confused dreams; nay, he has forged it himself; nay, he is but a poet.Let him then bring us a Sign just as the former Prophets were sent with Signs.' 21:6 But when the truth came to them they said, 'This is sor- cery and we do reject it.' 43:31

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~ 472 ~ And they say, 'Why has not this Qur' a n been sent to some great man of the two towns?' 43:32 See also Challenge: oft-re- peated verses, And We have, indeed, given thee the seven oft-re- peated verses, and the Great Qur' a n.15:88 prayer for know- ledge Exalted then is Allah, the True King.And make no haste to recite the Qur' a n ere its revelation is com- pleted unto thee, but only say, 'Lord, bestow on me increase of knowledge.' 20:115 previous teachings, And We have revealed unto thee the Book comprising the truth and fulfilling that which was revealed before it in the Book, and as a guardian over it.Judge, therefore, between them by what Allah has revealed, and follow not their evil de- sires, turning away from the truth which has come to thee.For each of you We prescribed a clear spiritual Law and a manifest way in secular matters ….5:49 prostra- tion verses, And to Allah submits who- soever is in the heavens and the earth willingly or un- willingly and likewise do their shadows in the morn- ings and the evenings.13:16

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~ 473 ~ Truly, those, who are near to thy Lord, turn not away with pride from His wor- ship, but they glorify Him and prostrate themselves before Him.7:207 They fear their Lord above them, and do what they are commanded.16:51 They fall down on their faces weeping, and it in- creases humility in them.17:110 Hast thou not seen that to Allah submits whosoever is in the heavens and whoso- ever is in the earth, and the sun, and the moon, and the stars, and the mountains, and the trees, and the beasts, and many of man- kind? But there are many who become deserv-ing of punishment.And whomso- ever Allah disgraces, none can raise him to honour.Verily, Allah does what He pleases.22:19 O ye who believe! bow you down and prostrate your- selves in Prayer, and wor- ship your Lord, and do good deeds that you may prosper.22:78 And when it is said to them, 'Submit to the Gracious God,' they say, 'And who is the Gracious God? Shall we submit to whatever thou

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~ 474 ~ biddest us?' And it in- creases their aversion.25:61 'Allah! there is no god but He, the Lord of the Mighty Throne.' 27:27 Only those really b elieve in Our Signs who, when they are reminded of them, fall down prostrate and cele- brate the praises of their Lord, and they are not proud.32:16 ….And David thought that We had tried him; so he asked forgiveness of his Lord, and fell down bowing in worship and turned to Him.38:25 But if they turn away with disdain, they do it to their own detriment, while those who are with thy Lord glo- rify Him night and day, and they are never wearied.41:39 So prostrate yourselves be- fore Allah and worship Him.53:63 And when the Qur' a n is re- cited unto them, they do not bow in submission; 84:22 Nay, yield not thou to him, but prostrate thyself and draw near to Allah.96:20 recitation of ¬ , And when the Qur' a n is re- cited, give ear to it and keep silence, that you may be shown mercy.7:205

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~ 475 ~ And when thou recitest the Qur' a n, seek refuge with Allah from Satan, the re- jected.16:99 And when thou recitest the Qur' a n, We put between thee and those who believe not in the Hereafter an in- visible veil; 17:46 Observe Prayer from the declining and paling of the sun till the darkness of the night, and recite the Qur' a n at dawn.Verily, the recita- tion of the Qur' a n at dawn is specially acceptable to Allah.17:79 and recite the Qur' a n a good recital.73:5 ….Recite, then, as much of the Qur' a n as is easy for you.He knows that there will be some among you who may be sick, and oth- ers who may travel in the land,….73:21 repetition in ¬ , We have explained the truth in this Qur' a n in vari- ous ways that they may be admonished, but it only increases them in aversion.17:42 revelation of ¬ , The month of Rama da n is that in which the Qur'an was revealed as a guid- ance for mankind with clear proofs of guidance and discrimination.2:186

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~ 476 ~ We have revealed it—the Qur' a n in Arabic—that you may understand.12:3 And We have divided the Qur' a n in parts that thou mayest read it to mankind slowly and at intervals and We have sent it down piecemeal.17:107 Surely, We sent it down during the Night of De- cree.97:2 sign of mercy, ….Verily, in this there is great mercy and a reminder for a people who believe.29:52 true un- derstand- ing of ¬, … And none knows its right interpretation except Allah and those who are firmly grounded in know- ledge; they say, 'We believe in it; the whole is from our Lord.'—And none take heed except those gifted with understanding 3:8 truth, wisdom & balance in ¬ , Alif L a m R a.These are the verses of the Book, full of wisdom.10:2 ….and with Us is a Book that speaks the truth, and they will not be wronged.23:63 And they do not come to thee with an objection but We provide thee with the truth and an excellent ex- planation.25:34

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~ 477 ~ Allah is He Who has sent down the Book with truth and also the Balance.42:18 truth, scientific facts, history, And by the heaven full of tracks, 51:8 So this day We will save thee in thy body alone that thou mayest be a Sign to those who come after thee… 10:93 And the things of diverse hues that He has created for you in the earth also serve your purpose ….16:14 And Allah brought you forth from the wombs of your mothers while you knew nothing, and gave you ears and eyes and hearts, that you might be grateful.16:79 Do not the disbelievers see that the heavens and the earth were a closed-up mass, then We opened them out? And We made of wa- ter every living thing..21:31 universal- ity of ¬ , Blessed is He Who has sent down Al-Furq a n to His servant, that he may be a Warner to all the worlds— 25:2 And verily this Qur' a n is a revelation from the Lord of all the worlds.26:193 apathy to- wards ¬ , And the Messenger will say, 'O my Lord, my peo- ple indeed treated this

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~ 478 ~ Qur' a n as a thing to be dis- carded.25:31

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~ 479 ~ R Rabwah : And We made the son of Mary and his mother a Sign, and gave them shel- ter on an elevated land of green valleys and springs of running water.23:51 And the case of those who spend their wealth to seek the pleasure of Allah and to strengthen their souls is like the case of a garden on ele- vated ground….2:266 Rafa ‘: exalted, raised, honoured, On the contrary, Allah ex- alted him to Himself.4:159 Remember the time when Allah said, 'O Jesus, I will cause thee to die a natural death… 3:56 Some it will bring low, oth- ers it will exalt.56:4 … Allah will raise those who believe from among you, and those whom knowledge is given, to de- grees of rank … 58:12 And if We had pleased, We would have exalted him thereby; but he inclined to the earth and followed his evil desires.7:177 We exalted some of the Prophets over the others

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~ 480 ~ and to David We gave a Book.17:56 And relate the story of Idr i s as mentioned in the Book.He was a truthful man, and a Prophet.And We exalted him to a lofty station.19:57-58 And they will have noble spouses.56:35 This light illumines houses with regard to which Allah has ordained that they be exalted and that His name be remembered in them….24:37 Contained in honoured Books, Exalted , purified, 80:14-15 Raiment : See Garments: Rain : Ma t r , So when Our decree came to pass, We turned that town upside down and We rained upon it stones of clay, layer upon layer, 11:83 'And O my people, ask forgiveness of your Lord, then turn to Him, He will send over you clouds pour- ing down abundant rain, ….11:53 Raja ‘: return, And when Moses returned to his people, indignant and grieved, he said, 'Evil is that which you did in my place in my ab- sence….7:151

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~ 481 ~ … And if he divorces her the third time, then she is not lawful for him thereafter, un- til she marries another hus- band; and, if he also divorces her, then it shall be no sin for them to return to each other,… 2:231 When thy sister walked along and said, 'Shall I direct you to one who will take charge of him?' So We restored thee to thy mother that her eye might be cooled and she might not grieve….20:41 And it is an inviolable law for a township which We have destroyed that they shall not return.21:96 return to Allah, Surely, unto thy Lord is the return.96:9 Who, when a misfortune overtakes them, say, 'Surely, to Allah we belong and to Him shall we return.2:157 Return to thy Lord, thou well-pleased with Him and He well-pleased with thee.89:29 … and Abraham said, I flee unto my Lord; … 29:27 And he said, 'I am going to my Lord.He will, surely, guide me.' 37:100 Flee ye, therefore, unto Allah.Surely, I am a plain Warner unto you from Him.51:51

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~ 482 ~ To Him shall you all re- turn… 10:5 … and then will He cause you to die, then restore you to life, and then to Him shall you be made to return.2:29 return to life, Until, when death comes to one of them, he says en- treating repeatedly, 'My Lord, send me back, 23:100 Do they not see how many generations We have de- stroyed before them, and that they never come back to them ? 36:32 And they will not be able to make a will nor will they return to their families.36:51 Then after that you , surely, must die.Then on the Day of Resurrection you shall, surely, be raised up.23:16-17 Raka ‘: Bow down, And observe Prayer and pay the Zak a t, and bow down with those who bow.2:44 'O Mary, be obedient to thy Lord and prostrate thyself and worship the One God with those who worship Him.3:44 Rama- da n : See Fasting:

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~ 483 ~ Rameses II : And remember the time when We delivered you from Pharaoh's people who afflicted you with grievous torment, … 2:50 Rank : Darajah , according to deeds, And for all are degrees of rank according to what they do, and thy Lord is not un- mindful of what they do.6:133 among Prophets, These Messengers have We exalted some of them above others; among them there are those to whom Allah spoke; and some of them He exalted in degrees of rank… 2:254 of men over women, ….And they (the women) have rights similar to those (of men) over them in eq- uity; but men have a degree of advantage above them….2:229 of those who strive, Those who believed and left their homes f or the sake of God and strove in the cause of Allah with their wealth and their lives have the highest rank in the sight of Allah…..9:20 Ransom : Fidyah , See Atonement: Read : Iqra ’, proclaim, Proclaim thou in the name of thy Lord Who created, 96:2 Proclaim! And thy Lord is the Most Bounteous; 96:4

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~ 484 ~ Rebel- lion : See Transgression: Recita- tion : Til a wat , ….And make no haste to recite the Qur' a n ere its rev- elation is completed unto thee, but only say, 'Lord, bestow on me increase of knowledge.' 20:115 See also Qur’ a n: Reckon- ing : H is a b , bestows without ¬ , ….He said, 'O Mary whence hast thou this?' She replied, 'It is from Allah.' Surely, Allah gives to whomsoever He pleases without measure.3:38 count, accounta- bility, ….Thou art not at all ac- countable for them nor are they at all accountable for thee.So if thou shouldst drive them away thou wilt be of the unjust.6:53 Then, surely, it is for Us to call them to account.88:27 A recompense from thy Lord—gift amply suffi- cient— 78:37 See also Accountability: Recom- pense : See Reward: Reconcili- ation : And if you fear a breach be- tween them, then appoint an arbiter from his folk and an arbiter from her folk.If they (the arbiters) desire

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~ 485 ~ reconciliation, Allah will effect it between them… 4:36 Surely, all believers are brothers.So make peace between your brothers, and fear Allah that mercy may be shown to you.49:11 Reflect : ponder, tafakkur , Do they not reflect within themselves that Allah has not created the heavens and the earth and all that is be- tween the two but in ac- cordance with the require- ments of wisdom and for a fixed term?....30:9 Refuge : A ‘ u dh , See also Allah: on earth, And whoso emigrates from his country in the way of Allah will find in the earth an abundant place of refuge and plentifulness ….4:101 He replied, 'I shall soon be- take myself for refuge to a mountain which will shelter me from the water.' Noah said, 'There is no shelter f or anyone this day from the decree of Allah, except for him to whom He shows mercy…' 11:44 'And now when you have withdrawn from them and from that which they wor- ship beside Allah, then seek refuge in the Cave;….18:17

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~ 486 ~ ….But when the punishment came, they went about in the lands, devising plans to es- cape it.But was there any place of refuge for them? 50:37 Rela- tives : A qrab un , They ask thee what they shall spend.Say, Whatever of good and abundant wealth you spend should be for parents and near rela- tives and orphans and the needy and the way- farer….2:216 And worship Allah and as- sociate naught with Him, and show kindness to par- ents, and to kindred,…..4:37 Verily, Allah enjoins jus- tice, and the doing of good to others; and giving like kindred;…..16:91 And give to the kinsman his due,….17:27 Religion : Allah judge between, As to those who believe, and the Jews and the Sabi- ans, and the Christians, and the Magians and the idola- ters; verily, Allah will judge between them on the Day of Resurrec- tion….22:18 corrup- tion in ¬ , O ye who believe! surely, many of the priests and monks devour the wealth of men by false means and

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~ 487 ~ turn men away from the way of Allah….9:34 dissention in ¬ , sects, A s for those who split up their religion and became divided into sects, thou hast no concern at all with them…..6:160 essentials of ¬ , So set thy face to the service of religion with single- minded devotion.And follow the nature made by Allah, the nature according to which He has fashioned mankind.….30:31 ' You worship nothing be- sides Allah, but mere names that you have named, you and your fa- thers; Allah has sent down no authority for that.The decision rests with Allah alone.He has commanded that you shall not worship anything, save Him.That is the right religion, but most men know not; 12:41 interfaith harmony, Say, 'O People of the Book! come to a word equal be- tween us and you—that we worship none but Allah, and that we associate no partner with Him, and that some of us take not others for Lords beside Allah.' But if they turn away, then say, 'Bear witness that we have submitted to God.' 3:65 no com- pulsion See Compulsion in Faith:

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~ 488 ~ in ¬ , not a sport, pastime, Those who took their reli- gion for a pastime and a sport, and whom the life of the world beguiled.' This day, then, shall We forget them…..7:52 pre- scribed Islam as the ¬ , Surely, the true religion with Allah is Islam.And those who were given the Book did not disagree but, after knowledge had come to them, out of mutual envy….3:20 And whoso seeks a religion other than Islam, it shall not be accepted of him, and, in the Hereafter he shall be among the losers.3:86 sincerity in ¬ , Say, 'Verily, I am com- manded to worship Allah with sincere devotion, 39:12 Remem- ber : Allah, Therefore, remember Me, and I will remember you; and be thankful to Me and do not be ungrateful to Me.2:153 believers enjoined to ¬ , And when you have fin- ished the Prayer, remember Allah, standing and sitting, and lying on your sides…..4:104 O ye who believe! remem- ber Allah much; 33:42 And remember the name of thy Lord morning and even- ing, 76:26

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~ 489 ~ ….and remembrance of Allah, indeed, is the great- est virtue.29:46 those who forget to ¬ , 'But whosoever will turn away from My remem- brance, his will be a strait- ened life, and on the Day of Resurrection We shall raise him up blind.' 20:125 And he who turns away from the remembrance of the Gracious God, We ap- point for him a satan, who becomes his intimate com- panion.43:37 Repent- ance : Taubah , Accept- ance of ¬ , Verily, Allah accepts the repentance of only those who do evil in ignorance and then repent soon after.These are they to whom Al- lah turns with mercy; and Allah is All-Knowing, Wise.4:18 door of ¬ always open, But whoso repents after his transgression and amends, then will Allah surely turn to him in mercy; verily, Allah is Most Forgiving and Merciful.5:40 of apostates, Surely, those who disbe- lieve after they have be- lieved and then increase in disbelief, their repentance shall not be accepted, ….3:91

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~ 490 ~ meaning of ¬ , 'And seek forgiveness of your Lord; then turn wholly to Him.Verily, my Lord is Merciful, Most Lov- ing.' 11:91 Requital : good & evil Whoso does a good deed shall have ten times as much; but he who does an evil deed, shall be requited only with the like of it; and they shall not be wronged.6:161 Respite : only to fixed time, And Allah will not grant respite to a soul when its appointed time has come… 63:12 opponent of Prophets And surely, Messengers were mocked at before thee; but I granted respite to those who disbelieved.Then I seized them and how terrible was My pun- ishment! 13:33 to debtors, And if the debtor be in straitened circumstances, then grant him respite till a time of ease…..2:281 to disbe- lievers, And let not the disbelievers think that Our granting them respite is good for them; in fact the result of Our granting them respite will only be that they will increase in sin; and they shall have an humiliating punishment.3:179

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~ 491 ~ to hypo- crites, Allah will punish their mockery and will let them continue in their transgres- sion, wandering blindly.2:16 to mend ways, The heavens may well-nigh rend asunder from above them; and the angels pro- claim the praises of their Lord and ask forgive-ness for those on earth…..42:6 to Satan, He said, 'Respite me till the day when they will be raised up.7:15 to wrong- doers, And remember the time when thy Lord proclaimed that He would surely raise against them, till the Day of Resurrection, those who would afflict them with grievous torment… 7:168 Resurrec- tion : after death, What! Did you then think that We had created you without purpose, and that you would not be brought back to Us? ….23:116 day of ¬ , Allah is He besides Whom there is none worthy of worship.He will certainly continue to assemble you till the Day of Resurrection about which there is no doubt….4:88 spiritual ¬ , Only those can accept the truth who listen.And as for the dead, Allah will raise them to life , and then to

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~ 492 ~ Him shall they all be brought back.6:37 Retalia- tion : Qi sas And therein We prescribed for them: Life for life, and eye for eye, nose for nose, ear for ear, and tooth for tooth, and for other injuries equitable retaliation.And whoso waives the right thereto, it shall be an expia- tion for his own sins;… 5:46 Retribu- tion : and Allah, And remember the time when thy Lord proclaimed that He would surely raise against them, till the Day of Resurrection, those who would afflict them with grievous torment.Surely, thy Lord is Quick in retri- bution….7:168 and man, And as for the man who steals and the woman who steals, cut off their hands in retribution of their offence as an exemplary punish- ment from Allah.5:39 Revela- tion : and Angels, Say, 'Whoever is an enemy to Gabriel—for he it is who has caused it to descend on thy heart by the command of Allah, fulfilling that rev- elation which precedes it, and is a guidance and glad

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~ 493 ~ tidings to the believers.2:98 and false claimants, Moses said to them, 'Woe to you, forge not a lie against Allah, lest He de- stroy you utterly by some punishment and, surely, he who forges a lie shall per- ish.' 20:62 And if he had forged and attributed any sayings to Us, 69:45 We would, surely, have seized him by the right hand, 69:46 And then, surely, We would have cut his life-vein, 69:47 to Holy Prophet sa , Say, "I do not say to you: 'I possess the treasures of Al- lah, nor do I know the un- seen; nor do I say to you: 'I am an angel, I follow only that which is revealed to me.'….6:51 So hold thou fast to that which has been revealed to thee; for thou art on the right path.43:44 Say, 'If I err, I err only against myself; and if I am rightly guided, it is because of what my Lord revealed to me….34:51 to non- Prophets, And thy Lord revealed to the bee: 'Make thou houses in the hills and in the trees and in the trellises which they build, 16:69

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~ 494 ~ 'When We revealed to thy mother what was an im- portant revelation, to wit: ' 20:39 And We directed the mother of Moses by revela- tion, 'Suckle him; and when thou fearest for him, then cast him into the river and fear not, nor grieve; for We shall restore him to thee, and shall make him one of the Messengers.28:8 A s for those who say, 'Our Lord is Allah,' and then re- main steadfast, the angels descend on them, reassur- ing them: 'Fear not, nor grieve; and rejoice in the glad tidings of the Garden which you were promised ; 41:31 to other Prophets, Surely, We have sent reve- lation to thee, as We sent revelation to Noah and the Prophets after him; ….4:164 Revenge : Intaq a m , retribu- tion, So, when they excited Our anger, We took vengeance upon them, and drowned them all.43:56 On the day when We shall seize you with the great sei- zure, you will know that We will, certainly, exact retri- bution.44:17

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~ 495 ~ Reward : Jaz a ’, A jar , He who does a good deed shall have a reward better than that; and as for him who does an evil deed—those who do evil deeds shall not be rewarded but according to what they did.28:85 Surely, Allah wrongs not any one even so much as the weight of an atom.And if there be a good deed, He multiplies it and gives from Himself a great reward.4:41 But whoso does good works, whether male or fe- male, and he or she is a be- liever, such shall enter heaven, and shall not be wronged even as much as the little hollow in the back of a date-stone.4:125 Rib a : See Interest: Ri d w a n : Allah’s pleasure, Thereby does Allah guide those who seek His pleasure on the paths of peace, and leads them out of every kind of darkness into light … 5:17 That is because they fol- lowed that which displeased Allah, and disliked the seek- ing of His pleasure.So he rendered their works vain.47:29

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~ 496 ~ Ri d w a n : Bai‘atur- ¬ , See H udaibiyah: Right hand : Call to mind the day when We shall summon every people with their Leader.Then whoso shall be given his book in his right hand- such will read their book eagerly and they will not be wronged a whit.17:72 … And the entire earth will be under His complete con- trol on the Day of Resurrec- tion, and the heavens rolled up in His right hand….39:68 m a mala- kat …, … and if you fear you will not be able to do justice, then marry only one or marry what your right hands possess….4:4 Right- eous : Sa li hi n , Allah is friend of ¬ , Verily, they will not avail thee aught against Allah.Surely, the wrongdoers are friends, one of another; but Allah is the friend of the righteous.45:20

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~ 497 ~ descrip- tion of ¬ , It is not righteousness that you turn your faces to the East or the West, but truly righteous is he who be- lieves in Allah and the Last Day and the angels and the Book and the Prophets, and spends his money out of love for Him, on the kin- dred and the orphans and the needy and the wayfarer and those who ask for char- ity, and for ransoming the captives; and observes Prayer and pays the Zakat; and those who fulfil their promise when they have made one, and the patient in poverty and afflictions and the steadfast in time of war; it is these who have proved truthful and it is these who are truly God-fearing.2:178 duty of ¬ , Their flesh reaches not Al- lah, nor does their blood, but it is your righteousness that reaches Him.22:38 And those who are right- eous are not at all accounta- ble for them, but their duty is to admonish them that they may fear Allah.6:70 example of ¬ , O mankind, We have cre- ated you from a male and a female; and We have made you tribes and sub-tribes that you may know one an-

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~ 498 ~ other.Verily, the most hon- ourable among you, in the sight of Allah, is he who is the most righteous among you… 49:14 And Who is better in speech than he who invites men to Allah and does righteous deeds and says, 'I am, surely, of those who submit?' 41:34 prayers of ¬ , 'Our Lord, we have heard a Crier calling us unto faith, saying, 'Believe ye in your Lord,' and we have be- lieved.Our Lord, forgive us, therefore, our sins and remit from us our evils and in death join us with the righteous; 3:194 And those who say, 'Our Lord, grant us of our wives and children the delight of our eyes, and make us a model for the right- eous.' 25:75 rewarded, The similitude of the Gar- den promised to the God- fearing is that through it flow streams; its fruit is ev- erlasting, and so is its shade.That is the reward of those who are righteous; … 13:36 Remember the day when We shall gather the right- eous before the Gracious God as honoured guests; 19:86

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~ 499 ~ And as to those who be- lieve and do righteous deeds We shall, surely, re- move from them their evils, and We shall, surely, give them the best reward of their works.29:8 And Heaven will be brought near to the right- eous, no longer remote.50:32 unright- eous, A llah said, 'O Noah, he is surely not of thy family; he is indeed a man of unright- eous conduct….11:47 Allah sets forth as an exam- ple, for those who disbe- lieve, the wife of Noah and the wife of Lot.They were under two righteous servants of Ours, but they acted treacherously to them.66:11 Rij a ’: hope, fear, 'What is the matter with you that you hope not for greatness and wisdom from Allah? 71:14 Verily, they feared not the reckoning, 78:28 hopes to meet Allah, Verily, you have in the Prophet of Allah an excel- lent model, for him who hopes to meet Allah and the Last Day and who remem- bers Allah much.33:22 postpone, And there are others whose case has been postponed p ending the decree of Allah.He may punish them or He

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~ 500 ~ may turn to them with com- passion.9:106 Thou mayest put aside any of them that thou pleasest, and keep with thyself whom thou pleasest; and if thou desirest to take back any of those whom thou hast put aside, there is no blame on thee… 33:52 River : Moses thrown into ¬ , And We directed the mother of Moses by revela- tion, 'Suckle him; and when thou fearest for him, then cast him into the river and fear not, nor grieve; … 28:8 on earth, Or, Who made the earth a place of rest, and placed rivers in its midst, and placed upon it firm moun- tains, … 27:62 of Paradise, It is these whose reward is forgiveness from their Lord, and gardens beneath which rivers flow, wherein they shall abide; … 3:137 Rod : ‘ A sa So he flung down his rod and behold! it was a serpent plainly visible.… 7:108 And, We revealed to Mo- ses, when his people asked of him for water, saying, 'Strike the rock with thy rod;' and from it there gushed forth twelve springs; ….7:161

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~ 501 ~ Then We revealed to Mo- ses: 'Strike the sea with thy rod.' Thereupon it parted and every part looked like a huge mound.26:64 Romans : The Romans have been de- feated.30:3 Rope : H abl , And hold fast, all together, to the rope of Allah and be not divided; … 3:104 Round her neck shall be a halter of twisted palm-fibre.111:6 Rows : S af , Verily, Allah loves those who fight in His cause ar- rayed in solid ranks, as though they were a strong structure cemented with molten lead.61:5 And thy Lord comes, at- tended by the angels, rank on rank; 89:23 R uh : See Soul: R uh ul- Am i n : The Spirit, faithful to the trust, has descended with it 26:194 R uh ul- Qudus : Say, The Spirit of holiness has brought it down from thy Lord with truth, that He may strengthen in their faith those who believe and as a guid- ance and glad tidings for Muslims.16:103 When Allah will say, "O Je- sus, son of Mary, remember My favour upon thee and upon thy mother; when I strengthened thee with the Spirit of holiness ….5:111

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~ 502 ~ Rumours : O ye who believe! if an un- righteous person brings you any news, investigate it fully, lest you harm a peo- ple in ignorance, and then you repent of what you did.49:7

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~ 503 ~ S S a ‘ah : the Hour, See Allah: knowledge of the hour, S a ’ibah : See Ba hi rah: Sab a ’ : Queen Sheba, 'I found a woman ruling over them, and she has been given every necessary thing and she has a mighty throne; 27:24 land of ¬ , There was, indeed, a Sign for Saba' in their home- land—and two gardens, one on the right hand and one on the left; and We said to them, 'Eat of the provision of your Lord and give thanks to Him.Your town is a beautiful town… 34:16 Sabae- ans : 'I found her and her people worshipping the sun instead of Allah, and Satan has made their works look beautiful to them, and has thus hindered them from the right way, so that they are not rightly guided 27:25 Sabbath : A s-Sabt , And surely, you have known the end of those amongst you, who trans- gressed in the matter of the Sabbath.So We said to them, 'Be ye apes, des- pised.' 2:66 S abian : Sa b i , Surely, those who believe and the Jews and the Chris- tians and the Sabians— whichever party from

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~ 504 ~ among these truly believes in Allah and the Last Day and does good deeds, shall have their reward with their Lord, … 2:63 See also Sabaeans: S abr : See Patience: Moral Traits: Sacrifice : of Ishmael, And when he was old enough to run along with him, he said, 'O my dear son, I have seen in a dream that I offer thee in sacri- fice….37:103 of wealth, And spend out of that which We have given you before death comes upon one of you… 63:11 a univer- sal practice, And for every people We appointed rites of Sacrifice, that they might mention the name of Allah….22:35 animal ¬ , And among the sacred Signs of Allah We have ap- pointed for you the sacrifi- cial camels…..22:37 S ad a qat : See Alms: S af a wal Marwah : Surely, A s - S af a and Al- Marwah are among the Signs of Allah.It is, there- fore, no sin for him who is on Pilgrimage to the House, or performs 'Umrah, to go around the two….2:159 Saint : worship , Those, whom they call on, themselves seek nearness to their Lord— even those of

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~ 505 ~ them who are nearest—and hope for His mercy, and fear His punishment…..17:58 Sal a m : greetings of ¬ , And those, who feared their Lord, will be conducted to Heaven in groups until when they arrive there, its gates will be opened and its Keepers will say to them, 'Peace be upon you! … 39:74 And the true servants of the Gracious God are those who walk on the earth hum- bly and when the ignorant address them, they avoid them gracefully by saying, 'Peace!' 25:64 peace, And Allah calls to the abode of peace, and guides whom He pleases to the straight path.…..10:26 We have, indeed, brought thee a great Sign from thy Lord; and peace shall be on him who follows the guid- ance; 20:48 S al a t : See also Ka‘bah: Wor- ship:

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~ 506 ~ ablution for ¬ , O ye who believe! when you stand up for Prayer, wash your faces, and your hands up to the elbows, and pass your wet hands over your heads, and wash your feet to the an- kles.And if you be unclean, purify yourselves by bathing.And if you are ill or you are on a journey while unclean, or one of you comes from the privy or you have touched women, and you find not wa- ter, betake yourselves to pure dust and wipe therewith your faces and your hands.Allah desires not that He should place you in a difficulty but He desires to purify you… 5:7 Allah listens to ¬ , And He accepts the prayers of those who believe and do good works, and gives them more than their due re- ward, out of His grace; ….42:27 believers offer ¬ , Say, 'My Lord has enjoined justice.And fix your atten- tion aright at every time and place of worship and call upon Him, making yourselves sincere towards Him in religion…..7:30 during journey, war, And when you journey in the land, it shall be no blame on you if you shorten the Prayer, if you fear that those who disbelieve will cause you trouble….4:102

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~ 507 ~ And when thou art among them, and leadest the Prayer for them, let a party of them stand with thee and let them take their arms.And when they have per- formed their prostrations, let them go to your rear, and let another party, who have not yet prayed, come forward and pray with thee,...4:103 enjoined , And observe Prayer and pay the Zak a t, and bow down with those who bow.2:44 O ye who believe, seek help through perseverance and Prayer; ….2:154 Friday ¬ , O ye who believe! when the call is made for Prayer on Friday, hasten to the re- membrance of Allah, and leave off all business.….62:10 prohibi- tions of ¬ , O ye who believe! go not near Prayer when you are not in full possession of your senses, until you know what you are saying, nor when you are unclean, ex- cept when you are travel- ling along a way, until you have bathed… 4:44 rewards of offering ¬ , Successful indeed are the believers, Who are humble in their Prayers, 23:2-3

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~ 508 ~ timing of ¬ , Bear patiently then what they say, and glorify thy Lord with His praise before the rising of the sun and be- fore its setting; and glorify Him in the hours of the night and all parts of the day, ….20:131 restrains from evil, Recite that which has been revealed to thee of the Book, and observe Prayer.Surely, Prayer restrains one from indecency and mani- fest evil; and remembrance of Allah, indeed, is the greatest virtue ….29:46 tahajjud , And during a part of the night wake up for its recita- tion—a supererogatory ser- vice for thee.It may be that thy Lord will raise thee to an exalted station.17:80 who forbids offering, And when the Servant of Allah stands up praying to Him, they crowd upon him, well-nigh stifling him to death.72:20 who neglect their ¬ , The hypocrites seek to de- ceive Allah, but He will punish them for their de- ception.And when they stand up for Prayer, they stand up lazily and to be seen of men, and they re- member Allah but little.4:143

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~ 509 ~ Then there came after them an evil generation who ne- glected Prayer, and followed their evil desires.So they will meet destruction, 19:60 Holy Proph- et sa ’s Vision of leading other Prophets in prayer.… And We made not the Vision which We showed thee but as a trial for men, as also the tree cursed in the Qur' a n…..17:61 Sa li h as : and story of Tham u d , And to the tribe of Tham u d We sent their brother Sa li h.He said, 'O my people, wor- ship Allah; you have no god other than Him.He raised you up from the earth and settled you therein.So ask forgiveness of Him, then turn to Him wholly.Verily, my Lord is nigh, and answers p rayers.' 11:62 Salsab i l : And therein will they be given to drink a cup tem- pered with ginger, 76:18 From a spring named Salsa- bil.76:19 Salva- tion : and Jews, Christians And they say, 'None shall ever enter Heaven unless he be a Jew or a Christian.' These are their vain desires.… 2:112

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~ 510 ~ cannot be purchased O ye who believe! spend out of what We have be- stowed on you before the day comes wherein there shall be no buying and sell- ing, nor friendship, nor in- tercession, … 2:255 for right- eous, It is they who follow the guidance from their Lord and it is they who shall prosper.2:6 Holy Prophet sa & ¬ , Say, 'If you love Allah, fol- low me; then will Allah love you and forgive you your sins….3:32 Islam, other religions As to those who believe, and the Jews and the Sabi- ans, and the Christians, and the Magians and the idola- ters; verily, Allah will judge between them on the Day of Resurrec- tion….22:18 pre-requi- sites of ¬ , And who believe in that which has been revealed to thee and that which was re- vealed before thee and they have firm faith in the Here- after.It is they who follow the guidance from their Lord and it is they who shall prosper.2:5-6 Salw a : See Manna: (& Salw a ) S a mir i : God said, 'We have tried thy people in thy absence, and the S a mir i has led them astray.' 20:86

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~ 511 ~ S anam : Idol, And call to mind when Abraham said, 'My Lord, make this city a city of peace, and preserve me and my children from worship- ping idols, 14:36 Sandhills : See A h q a f: Satan : See also Ibl i s: arrogance of ¬ , And call to mind when We said to the angels, 'Submit to Adam,' and they all sub- mitted.But Ibl i s did not.He said, 'Shall I submit to one whom Thou hast created of clay?' 17:62 creates hatred, Satan seeks only to create enmity and hatred among you by means of wine and the game of chance, and to keep you back from the re- membrance of Allah and from Prayer.….5:92 curse of Allah on ¬ , God said, 'Then get out hence, for, surely, thou art rejected; And , surely, on thee shall be My curse till the Day of Judgment.' 38:78-79 destined to hell, And, surely, Hell is the promised place for them all.15:44 enemy of man, O ye who believe, come into submission all of you and follow not the footsteps of Satan; surely, he is your open enemy.2:209 leaders, giants, And the giants, all sorts of architects and builders, and

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~ 512 ~ divers, And others bound in fetters.38:38-39 leads astray, tempts, He enjoins upon you only what is evil and what is foul, and that you say of Allah what you do not know.2:170 misleads, And assuredly I will lead them astray and assuredly I will arouse in them vain de- sires, and assuredly I will incite them and they will cut the ears of cattle; and assuredly I will incite them and they will alter Allah's creation.' 4:120 no power over pious, be- lievers, And he had no power over them, but it was so that We might distinguish those who believed in the Hereaf- ter from those who were in doubt about it…..34:22 seek Allah’s refuge, And if an evil suggestion from Satan assails thee, then seek refuge in Allah; ….7:201 And when thou recitest the Qur' a n, seek refuge with Allah from Satan, the re- jected.16:99 tempts through human weak- nesses, Satan threatens you with poverty and enjoins upon you what is foul, whereas Allah promises you for- giveness from Himself and bounty….2:269 the re- jected, abased, God said, 'Then get out hence, for, surely, thou art rejected; 38:78

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~ 513 ~ Qur’ a n protected, And We have guarded it against the intrusion of every rejected Satan.15:18 and Prophets, Never did We send a Mes- senger or a Prophet before thee, but when he sought to attain his object, Satan put obstacles in the way of what he sought after.But Allah removes the obsta- cles that are placed by Sa- tan….22:53 Saul : See Gideon: Scandal- Monger- ing: Verily, those, who calumni- ate chaste, unwary, believ- ing women, are cursed in this world and the Hereaf- ter.And for them is a griev- ous chastisement, 24:24 Science : animal life, And the cattle too He has created; you find in them warmth and other uses; and of the flesh of some of them you eat.16:6 And in them there is orna- ment and dignity for you when you bring them home in the evening and when you drive them forth to pas- ture in the morning.16:7 And they carry your loads to a land which you could not reach except with great hardship to yourselves.Surely, your Lord is Com- passionate, Merciful.16:8

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~ 514 ~ And He has created horses and mules and asses that you may ride them, and as a source of beauty.And He will create what you do not y et know.16:9 climate, wind, rain, Verily, in the creation of the heavens and the earth and in the alternation of night and day, and in the ships which sail in the sea with that which profits men, and in the water which Allah sends down from the sky and quickens therewith the earth after its death and scatters therein all kinds of beasts, and in the change of the winds and the clouds pressed into ser- vice between the heaven and the earth—are indeed Signs for the people who use their understanding.2:165 created from water, … And We made of water every living thing.21:31 And Allah has created every animal from wa- ter….24:46 And He it is Who has cre- ated man from water, … 25:55 creation in pairs, Holy is He Who created all things in pairs, of what the earth grows and of them- selves, and of what they know not.36:37

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~ 515 ~ day and night, In the creation of the heav- ens and the earth and in the alternation of the night and the day there are indeed Signs for men of under- standing; 3:191 diversity in nature, And the things of diverse hues that He has created for you in the earth also serve your purpose.Surely, in that is a Sign for a people who take heed.16:14 Embryo- logy, life on earth O people, if you are in doubt concerning the Resurrection, then consider that We have indeed created you from dust, then from a sperm-drop, then from clotted blood, then from a lump of flesh, partly formed and partly unformed, in order that We make Our power manifest to you.And We cause what We will to remain in the wombs for an ap- pointed term; then We bring you forth as babes; then We rear you that you may attain to your age of full strength.And there are some of you who are caused to die in the normal course, and there are others among you who are kept back till the worst part of life with the result that they know nothing after having had knowledge.And thou seest the earth lifeless, but when We send down water thereon it stirs and swells and

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~ 516 ~ grows every kind of beaute- ous vegetation.22:6 See also Biology: Clot: enjoined inquiry, Say, 'Ponder over what is happening in the heavens and the earth.' But Signs and warnings avail not a people who will not be- lieve.10:102 And of everything have We created pairs that you may reflect.51:50 expand- ing universe, And We have built the heaven with Our own hands, and, verily, We have vast powers.51:48 interplan- etary creations, To Him belongs whatso- ever is in the heavens and whatsoever is in the earth, and whatsoever is between them, and whatso-ever is beneath the moist sub-soil.20:7 Moun- tains, And We have placed in the earth firm mountains lest it should quake with them; and We have made therein wide pathways, that they may be rightly guided.21:32 Have We not made the earth as a bed, 78:7 And the mountains as pegs? 78:8 origin, creation, Do not the disbelievers see that the heavens and the earth were a closed-up mass, then We opened them out? … 21:31

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~ 517 ~ plurality of earths, Allah is He Who created seven heavens, and of the earth the like thereof..65:13 propor- tions, measure … and He has created eve- rything, and has determined its proper measure.25:3 solar System, orbits, And the sun is moving on to its determined goal.That is the decree of the Al- mighty, the All- Knowing God.36:39 And for the moon We have appointed stages, till it be- comes again like an old dry twig of a palm-tree.36:40 It is not for the sun to over- take the moon, nor can the night outstrip the day.All of them float smoothly in an orbit.36:41 conquest of earth, space, O company of jinn and men! if you have power to break through the confines of the heavens and the earth, then break through them.But you cannot break through save with authority.55:34 upper atmos- phere, And We have made the heaven a roof, well-pro- tected, yet they turn away from its Signs.21:33 Scrip- tures: S u h uf , This , indeed, is what is taught in the former Scrip- tures— The Scriptures of Abraham and Moses.87:19-20

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~ 518 ~ Scrolls: 'The day when We shall roll up the heavens like the roll- ing up of written scrolls by a scribe.' … 21:105 Sea : body of water, Ba h r , He has made the two bod- ies of water flow.They will one day meet; Between them there is at present a barrier; they cannot en- croach one upon the other.55:20-21 barrier between ¬ , And He it is Who has caused the two seas to flow, this palatable and sweet, and that salt and bitter; and between them He has placed a barrier and an in- surmountable partition.25:54 parted for Moses, And remember also the time when We divided the sea for you and saved you and drowned Pharaoh's people, while you looked on.2:51 provides provi- sions, And He it is Who has sub- jected to you the sea that you may eat therefrom fresh flesh and may take forth therefrom articles which you wear as orna- ments.And thou seest the ships ploughing through it, that you may journey thereby and that you may seek of His bounty in other ways and that you may be grateful.16:15

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~ 519 ~ ships sail on ¬ , And His are the lofty ships reared aloft on the sea like mountains.55:25 Seal: Kh a tam , Muhammad is not the father of any of your men, but he is the Messenger of Allah, and the Seal of the Prophets … 33:41 They will be given to drink of a pure beverage, sealed.The sealing of it will be with musk— … 83:26-27 This day We shall put a seal on their mouths, and their hands will speak to Us, and their feet will bear witness to what they had earned 36:66 Hast thou considered the case of him who has taken his own low desire for his god, and whom Allah has ad- judged as having gone astray on the basis of His perfect knowledge, and whose ears and whose heart He has sealed up, and on whose eyes He has put a covering.Who, then, will guide him after Allah has so decreed con- cerning him?....45:24 taba‘a , So, for their breaking their covenant, and their denial of the Signs of Allah, and their seeking to slay the Prophets unjustly, and their saying: 'Our hearts are wrapped up in covers,'—nay, but Allah has sealed them because of their

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~ 520 ~ disbelief, so they believe not but little- 4:156 Secret Meet- ings : See Najw a : Sects : A s for those who split up their religion and became divided into sects, thou hast no concern at all with them.Surely, their affair is with Allah, then shall He inform them of what they used to do.6:160 Seduce : O children of Adam, let not Satan seduce you, even as he turned your parents out of the Garden, stripping them of their raiment that he might show them their nakedness….7:28 Seir : See P a r a n : Self : Nafs , 'And I do not hold my own self to be free from weak- ness—surely the soul is prone to enjoin evil save that whereon my Lord has mercy….12:54 See also Soul: Nafs: Serpent : H ayyah , J a nn , Thu ‘ b a n , So he flung down his rod and behold! it was a serpent plainly visible….7:108 Servant : of God, And the true servants of the Gracious God are those who walk on the earth hum- bly and when the ignorant address them, they avoid them gracefully by saying, 'Peace!' 25:64

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~ 521 ~ So enter thou among My chosen servants, 89:30 Holy Prophet sa , ‘Abdul- l a h , And if you are in doubt as to what We have sent down to Our servant, then pro- duce a chapter like it, ….2:24 And when the Servant of Allah stands up praying to Him, they crowd upon him, well-nigh stifling him to death.72:20 Seven : or Seventy : And if all the trees that are in the earth were pens, and the ocean—seven more oceans to replenish it— were ink, the words of Al- lah would not be ex- hausted….31:28 Seven oft-re- peated verses : And We have, indeed, given thee the seven oft-re- peated verses, and the Great Qur' a n.15:88 Shar i ‘at : O ye who believe! ask not about things which, if re- vealed to you, would cause you trouble, though if you ask about them while the Qur' a n is being sent down they will be revealed to you.Allah has left them out on purpose...5:102 Sh i ‘ah : See Sects: Party: Ship : See Sea: Shirk : associat- And call to mind when We assigned to Abraham the site of the House and said, 'Associate not anything

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~ 522 ~ ing part- ners with Allah, with Me and keep My house clean ….22:27 Allah can- not be ques- tioned but false gods will be, He cannot be questioned as to what He does, but they will be questioned.21:24 disobey parents in case of ¬ , And We have enjoined on man kindness to his par- ents; but if they contend with thee to make thee as- sociate that with Me of which thou hast no knowledge, then obey them not..29:9 disorder in uni- verse if gods be- sides Allah, If there had been in the heavens and the earth other gods beside Allah, then surely both would have gone to ruin….21:23 false gods do not create, are dead, And those on whom they call beside Allah create not anything, but they are themselves created.They are dead, not living; and they know not when they will be raised.16:21-22 false gods cannot help, harm you, Say, 'Will you worship be- side Allah that which has no power to do you harm or good?'… 5:77

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~ 523 ~ is a grievous wrong, And call to mind when Luqm a n said to his son while he admonished him, 'O my dear son! associate not partners with Allah.Surely, associating partners with Allah is a grievous wrong.31:14 justifica- tion for ¬ , Remember, it is to Allah alone that sincere obedi- ence is due.And those who take as protectors others be- side Him, say, 'We serve them only that they may bring us near to Allah in station.' Surely, Allah will judge between them con- cerning that wherein they differ….39:4 negation of ¬ , Say, 'He is Allah, the One! 112:2 no forgive- ness for ¬ , Surely, Allah will not for- give that a partner be asso- ciated with Him; but He will forgive whatever is short of that to whomsoever He pleases.And whoso as- sociates partners with Allah has indeed devised a very great sin.4:49 people turn to ¬ , when af- fliction befalls, And whatever blessing you have, it is from Allah.And when affliction befalls you, it is unto Him that you cry f or help; 16:54

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~ 524 ~ pray not for idolaters It does not behove the Prophet and those who be- lieve that they should ask of Allah forgiveness for the idolaters, even though they may be their kinsmen, after it has become plain to them that they are the compan- ions of Hell.9:113 those engaged in ¬ do not prosper, And he, who calls on an- other god along with Allah, for which he has no proof, shall have to render an ac- count to his Lord.Cer- tainly, the disbelievers do not prosper.23:118 woe to the idolaters, Say, 'I am only a mortal like you.It is revealed to me that your God is One God; so go ye straight to Him without deviating, and ask forgiveness of Him.' And woe to the idolaters, 41:7 Shu‘aib as : message of ¬ , And to Midian We sent their brother Shu‘aib.He said, 'O my people, worship Allah; you have no god other than Him.A clear Sign has indeed come to you from your Lord.So give full measure and full weight and diminish not unto people their things and create not disorder in the earth after it has been set in order….7:86

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~ 525 ~ people of ¬ , punished So the earthquake seized them and in their homes they lay prostrate upon the ground; 7:92 rejected by people, Those who accused Shu‘aib of lying became as if they had never dwelt therein.Those, who accused Shu‘aib of lying—It was they who were the losers.7:93 Sh u r a : See Consultation: Signs : advent of Prophets, Shall We then take away the Reminder from you, leaving you without guid- ance because you are an ex- travagant people? And how many a Prophet did We send among the earlier peoples! 43:6-7 and true believers, They only are the true be- lievers whose hearts trem- ble when the name of Allah is mentioned, and when His Signs are recited to them they increase their faith, and who put their trust in their Lord, 8:3 barter not Allah’s ¬ , And surely among the Peo- ple of the Book there are some who believe in Allah and in what has been sent down to you and in what was sent down to them, humbling themselves be- fore Allah.They barter not the Signs of Allah for a pal- try price.It is these who

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~ 526 ~ shall have their reward with their Lord….3:200 heavenly appear- ance of ¬ , He it is Who shows you His Signs and sends down pro- vision for you from heaven; but none pays heed save he who turns to Allah.40:14 meaning of A yah, And when We bring one Sign in place of another— and Allah knows best the object of what He reveals— they say, 'Thou art but a fabricator.' Nay, but most of them know not.16:102 Messen- gers bring ¬ , 'And, Our Lord, raise up among them a Messenger from among themselves, who may recite to them Thy Signs and teach them the Book and Wisdom and may purify them;..2:130 of creation Verily, in the heavens and the earth are Signs for those who believe.45:4 And in your own creation and in that of all the crea- tures which He spreads in the earth are Signs for a people who possess firm faith.45:5 of Qur’ a n, Nay, it is a collection of clear Signs in the hearts of those who are given knowledge.And none but the wrongdoers deny Our Signs.29:50 rejecters of ¬ , And as to those who strive to frustrate the purpose of Our Signs, it is they who

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~ 527 ~ will be brought to face pun- ishment.34:39 Silver : Fi dd ah , Fair-seeming to men is made the love of desired things—women and chil- dren, and stored-up heaps of gold and silver, and horses of mark and cattle and crops….3:15 Simili- tudes : See Parable of: Sin : Dhanb , avoid ¬ , Those who shun the grave sins and all indecencies ex- cept minor faults.Verily, thy Lord is Master of vast forgiveness….53:33 conse- quences of ¬ , It shall not be according to your desires, nor according to the desires of the People of the Book.Whoso does evil shall be requited for it; and 'he shall find for him- self no friend or helper be- sides Allah.4:124 definition of ¬ , He has made unlawful to you only that which dies of itself, and blood and the flesh of swine, and that on which the name of any other than Allah has been invoked.But he who is driven by necessity, being neither disobedient nor ex- ceeding the limit, it shall be no sin for him….2:174

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~ 528 ~ false ac- cusation of ¬ , And whoso commits a fault or a sin, then throws the blame thereof on an inno- cent person, certainly bears the burden of calumny and a manifest sin.4:113 Forgive- ness of ¬ , And they uttered not a word except that they said, 'Our Lord, forgive us our sins and our excesses in our conduct, and make firm our steps and help us against the disbelieving people 3:148.See also Forgiveness: grave, manifest ¬ , kab a ’ ir , And slay not your children for fear of poverty.It is We Who provide for them and for you.Surely, the slaying of them is a grievous sin.17:32 And give to the orphans their property and exchange not the bad for the good, and devour not their prop- erty by mixing it with your own.Surely, it is a great sin.4:3 And those, who malign be- lieving men and believing women for what they have not earned, shall bear the guilt of a calumny and a manifest sin.33:59 man ac- countable for his ¬ , Whatever of good comes to thee is from Allah; and whatever of evil befalls thee is from thyself….4:80

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~ 529 ~ man created without ¬ Surely, We have created man in the best make; 95:5 no fogive- ness for Shirk, Surely, Allah will not for- give that a partner be asso- ciated with Him; but He will forgive whatever is short of that to whomsoever He pleases….4:49 open & secret ¬ , And eschew open sins as well as secret ones.Surely, those who earn sin will be rewarded for that which they have earned.6:121 punish- ment of ¬ , And as for those who do evil deeds, the punishment of an evil shall be the like thereof, and ignominy shall cover them.They shall have none to protect them from Allah.And they shall look as if their faces had been covered with dark patches of night.It is these who are the inmates of Fire; therein shall they abide.10:28 Whoso does a good deed shall have ten times as much; but he who does an evil deed, shall be requited only with the like of it; and they shall not be wronged.6:161 redemp- tion of ¬ , If you keep away from the more grievous of the things which are forbidden you, We will remove from you your minor evils and admit

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~ 530 ~ you to a place of great hon- our.4:32 And observe Prayer at the two ends of the day, and in some hours of the night.Surely, good works drive away the evil ones….11:115 safety from ¬ , … Surely, Prayer restrains one from indec-ency and manifest evil; and remem- brance of Allah, indeed, is the greatest virtue..29:46 Sinai : Mount, And remember the time when We took a covenant from you and raised high above you the Mount, ….2:64 Skin : Those who disbelieve in Our Signs, We shall soon cause them to enter Fire.As often as their skins are burnt up, We shall give them in exchange other skins that they may con- tinue to taste the punish- ment… 4:57 Slander : And those who calumniate chaste women but bring not four witnesses—flog them with eighty stripes, and do not admit their evidence ever after, 24:5 Woe to every back-biter, slanderer, 104:2 And his wife, too, bearer of slander, 111:5

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~ 531 ~ See also Calumny: Sin: Blasphemy: Slavery : abolition of ¬ , And when you meet in reg- ular battle those who disbe- lieve, smite their necks; and, when you have over- come them, by causing great slaughter among them, bind fast the fetters— then afterwards either re- lease them as a favour or by taking ransom—until the war lays down its burdens...47:5 condem- nation of ¬ , It does not behove a Prophet that he should have captives until he engages in a regular fighting in the land.If you take captives except in regu- lar fighting you will be re- garded as desiring the goods of the world, while Allah desires for you the Hereafter… 8:68 marriage in ¬ , And marry not idolatrous women until they believe; even a believing bond- woman is better than an idolatress, although she may please you.And give not be- lieving women in marriage to idolaters until they be- lieve; even a believing slave is better than an idolater, alt- hough he may please you… 2:222

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~ 532 ~ Sleep : Naum , And He it is Who has made the night a covering for you, and Who has made sleep for rest, and He has made the day to rise up and work.25:48 Allah takes away the souls of men at the time of their death; and of those also that are not yet dead, during their sleep.And then He withholds those against which He has decreed death, and sends back the others till an appointed term… 39:43 Solar System : It is not for the sun to over- take the moon, nor can the night outstrip the day.All of them float smoothly in an orbit.36:41 Do not the disbelievers see that the heavens and the earth were a closed-up mass, then We opened them out? And We made of water every living thing… 21:31 Who has created seven heavens in harmony.No incongruity canst thou see in the creation of the Gra- cious God.Then look again.Seest thou any flaw? 67:4 See also Science:

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~ 533 ~ Solomon : Sulaim a- n as bismill a h , It is from Solomon, and it is: 'In the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful; 27:31 given wisdom and know- ledge, We gave Solomon the right understanding of the matter and to each of them We gave wisdom and knowledge….21:80 taught language of birds, And Solomon was heir to David.And he said, 'O ye people, we have been taught the language of birds, … 27:17 Son of …: Allah, And the Jews say, 'Ezra is the son of Allah,' and the Christians say, 'the Messiah is the son of Allah;' that is what they say with their mouths.They only imitate the saying of those who dis- believed before them… 9:30 Mary, O People of the Book! ex- ceed not the limits in your re- ligion, and say not of Allah anything but the truth.Verily, the Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary, was only a Messenger of Allah, and a fulfilment of His Word which He sent down to Mary, and a mercy

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~ 534 ~ from Him.So believe in Al- lah and His Messengers, and say not 'They are three.' De- sist, it will be better for you.Verily, Allah is the only One God.Holy is He, far above having a son … 4:172 my mother, … Aaron said, 'Son of my mother, the people indeed deemed me weak, and were about to kill me.Therefore make not the enemies re- joice over my misfortune and place me not with the unjust people.' 7:151 Ibnus-Sa- b i l , way- farer, And know that whatever you take as spoils in war, a fifth thereof is for Allah and for the Messenger and the kindred and the orphans and the needy and the way- farer,...8:42 Sonship of God : See Trinity: Soul : R uh , spirit, And guard yourselves against the day when no soul shall serve as a substi- tute for another soul at all, nor shall intercession be ac- cepted for it, nor shall ran- som be taken from it, nor shall they be helped.2:49 He sends down the angels with revelation by His com- mand on whomsoever of His servants He pleases, saying, 'Warn people that there is no god but I, so

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~ 535 ~ take Me alone for your Pro- tector.' 16:3 And they ask thee concern- ing the soul.Say, 'The soul has been created by the command of my Lord; and of the knowledge thereof you have been given but a little.17:86 See also R uh ul-Qudus: Allah breaths ¬ , 'So when I have fashioned him in perfection and have breathed into him of My Spirit, fall ye down in sub- mission to him.' 15:30 Allah’s word, And thus have We revealed to thee the Word by Our command.Thou didst not know what the Book was, nor what the faith.But We have made the revelation a light, whereby We guide such of Our servants as We please… 42:53 develop- ment of ¬ , Then He endowed him with perfect faculties and breathed into him of His spirit.And He has given you ears, and eyes, and hearts.But little thanks do you give! 32:10 immortal- ity of ¬ , Allah takes away the souls of men at the time of their death; and of those also that are not yet dead, during their sleep.And then He withholds those against which He has decreed death, and sends back the

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~ 536 ~ others till an appointed term….39:43 Society : 'It is decreed for thee that thou shalt not hunger therein nor shalt thou be na- ked; 'And that thou shalt not thirst therein, nor shalt thou be exposed to the sun.' 20:119-120 Those, who spend in pros- perity and adversity, and those who suppress anger, and pardon men; and Allah loves those who do good; 3:135 And give full measure when you measure and weigh with a right balance; that is best and most com- mendable in the end.17:36 Spend- ing : Nafaqah , by believers, O ye who believe! spend out of what We have be- stowed on you before the day comes wherein there shall be no buying and sell- ing, nor friendship, nor in- tercession, … 2:255 by disbeliev- ers, And what harm would have befallen them if they had believed in Allah and the Last Day and spent out of what Allah has given them?..4:40

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~ 537 ~ by hypo- crites, And let not those, who are niggardly in spending what Allah has given them of His bounty, think that it is good for them; nay, it is bad for them.That with respect to which they were niggardly shall be put as a collar round their necks on the Day of Resurrection… 3:181 rewards of ¬ , Who is it that will lend Allah a goodly loan that He may multiply it for him manifold? And Allah re- ceives and enlarges, and to Him shall you be made to return.2:246 sacrifice, That you believe in Allah and His Messenger, and strive in the cause of Allah with your wealth and your persons.That is better for you, if you did but know… 61:12 ways of ¬ , They ask thee what they shall spend.Say, Whatever of good and abundant wealth you spend should be for parents and near rela- tives and orphans and the needy and the way- farer….2:216 And as for those who spend their wealth in order to be seen of men, and believe not in Allah nor the Last Day, they are the compan- ions of Satan ….4:39

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~ 538 ~ Sperm : O people, if you are in doubt concerning the Res- urrection, then consider that We have indeed created you from dust, then from a sperm-drop, then from clot- ted blood, then from a lump of flesh, partly formed and partly unformed,… 22:6 Spiritual Progress : Then We have always made inheritors of the Book those of Our servants whom We choose.Some of them are hard upon themselves and of them are some who take the middle course, and of them are some who excel others in deeds of goodness by Allah's leave….35:33 Spoils : A nfal , They ask thee concerning the spoils.Say, 'The spoils of war are for Allah and the Messenger…..8:2 Sport : j est, la‘b , O ye who believe! take not those for friends who make a jest and sport of your reli- gion from among those who were given the Book before you, and the disbelievers.And fear Allah if you are believers; 5:58 Spouse : Zauj , He it is Who has created you from a single soul and made therefrom its mate, that he might find comfort in her.And when he knows her, she bears a light burden and goes about with it.And when she grows heavy, they both pray

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~ 539 ~ to Allah, their Lord, saying, 'If Thou give us a good child, we will surely be of the thankful.' 7:190 created in pairs, Holy is He Who created all things in pairs,… 36:37 mate, O ye people! fear your Lord who created you from a sin- gle soul and of its kind cre- ated its mate, and from them twain spread many men and women;… 4:2 Stars : See Najm: State : consulta- tion, And those, who hearken to their Lord, and observe Prayer, and whose affairs are decided by mutual con- sultation, … 42:39 must ensure justice, Verily, Allah enjoins jus- tice, and the doing of good to others; and giving like kindred; and forbids inde- cency and manifest evil and transgression….16:91 state relations, Allah forbids you not re- specting those who have not fought against you on account of your religion, and who have not driven you out from your homes, that you be kind to them and deal equitably with them; surely, Allah loves those who are equitable.60:9

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~ 540 ~ those in authority, O ye who believe! obey Allah, and obey His Mes- senger and those who are in authority among you.And if you differ in anything re- fer it to Allah and His Mes- senger,… 4:60 rules of war, And fight in the way of Allah against those who fight against you, but do not transgress… 2:191 Permission to take up arms is given to those against whom war is made, because they have been wronged and Allah, indeed, has power to help them— 22:40 Stealing : See Moral Traits: Stead- fastness : See Moral Traits: Stoning : Rajm , The adulteress and the Adulterer—flog each one of them with a hundred stripes.And let not pity for the twain take hold of you in executing the judgment of Allah, if you believe in Allah and the Last Day.And let a party of the be- lievers witness their punish- ment.24:3 … And if, after they are married, they are guilty of lewdness, they shall have half the punishment pre- scribed for free married women….4:26

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~ 541 ~ Straight Path : Guide us in the straight path, 1:6 Then, as for those who be- lieve in Allah and hold fast to Him, He will surely ad- mit them to His mercy and grace and will guide them along a straight path lead- ing to Himself.4:176 And say, 'This is My straight path.So follow it; and follow not other ways, lest they lead you away from His way.That is what He enjoins upon you, that you may be able to guard against evils.' 6:154 Street : A sw a q , And We did not send any Messengers before thee but surely they ate food and walked in the streets.25:21 Submit : When his Lord said to him, 'Submit,' he said, I have al- ready submitted to the Lord of the worlds.' 2:132 He has no partner.And so am I commanded, and I am the first of those who sub- mit.' 6:164 And Who is better in speech than he who invites men to Allah and does righteous deeds and says, 'I am, surely, of those who submit?' 41:34 Ibl i s did not ¬ , But lblis did not; he refused to be among those who sub- mit.15:32

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~ 542 ~ Success : Fauz , Ghalabah Successful indeed are the believers, Who are humble in their Prayers, And who shun all that which is vain, And who are prompt and regular in paying the Zakat, And who guard their chas- tity.23:2-6 Verily, for the righteous is decreed a triumph— 78:32 Fal ah, believers, obedient, shall achieve ¬ , O ye who believe! be stead- fast and strive to excel in steadfastness and be on y our guard and fear Allah that you may prosper.3:201 Fal ah , disbeliev- ers, wrong- doers shall not achieve ¬ , And who is more unjust than he who forges a lie against Allah or treats His Signs as lies? Surely, the unjust shall not prosper.… 6:22 Verily, Allah does not per- mit the work of mischief- makers to prosper.10:82 For, if they should prevail against you, they would stone you or force you to return to their religion and then you will never pros- per.' 18:21 Suck : regula- tions, And mothers shall give suck to their children for two whole years; this is for those who desire to com- plete the period of suckling.And the man to whom the

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~ 543 ~ child belongs shall be re- sponsible for their (the mothers') maintenance and clothing according to us- age….2:234 Sun : and Moon, Blessed is He Who has made in the heaven man- sions of the stars and has placed therein a Lamp pro- ducing light and a moon that reflects light.25:62 Sunnah : of Allah, Such has been the way of Allah with those who passed away before, and never thou wilt find a change in the way of Allah.33:63 S u rah : This is a Surah which We have revealed and the ordi- nances of which We have made obligatory; and We have revealed therein clear commandments that you may take heed.24:2 Suspi- cion : And follow not that of which thou hast no knowledge.Verily, the ear and the eye and the heart— all these shall be called to account 17:37 See also Moral Traits: Suste- nance : And there is no creature that moves on the earth but it is for Allah to provide it with sustenance.And He knows its place of tempo- rary sojourn and its perma- nent dwelling.All this is

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~ 544 ~ recorded in a clear Book.11:7 Suw a ‘: Wadd, Nasr, "And they say to one an- other ' Forsake not your gods, and forsake neither Wadd nor Suw a ’, nor Yagh u th and Ya’ u q and Nasr." 71:24 Swine : flesh of ¬ , He has made unlawful to you only that which dies of itself, and blood and the flesh of swine, and that on which the name of any other than Allah has been invoked …2:174 become like ¬ , Say, 'Shall I inform you of those whose reward with Allah is worse than that? They are those whom Allah has cursed and on whom His wrath has fallen and of whom He has made apes and swine….5:61 Symbol : See Signs: Syna- gogues : See Biya‘u:

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~ 545 ~ T Tablet : well pre- served, Nay, but it is a glorious Qur' a n.In a well-guarded tablet.85:22-23 of Moses, And We wrote for him, upon the Tablets about eve- rything an admonition and an explanation of all things….7:146 Tab u k : battle of, O ye who believe; what is the matter with you that, when it is said to you, go forth in the way of Allah, you sink down heavily to- wards the earth? … 9:38 Tafakkur : See Reflect: Ta gh u t : trans- gressor, There is no compulsion in re- ligion.Surely, the right way has become distinct from er- ror; so whosoever refuses to be led by those who trans- gress, and believes in Allah, has surely grasped a strong handle which knows no breaking….2:257 Tahajjud : And during a part of the night wake up for its recita- tion-a supererogatory ser- vice for thee.It may be that thy Lord will raise thee to an exalted station.17:80 Verily, getting up at night f or Prayer is the most po- tent means of subduing the self and most effective in speech.73:7

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~ 546 ~ T al a q : See Divorce: Ta l u t : See Gideon: Taqd i r : predesti- nation ….and He has created eve- rything, and has determined its proper measure.25:3 Taqiyyah : Kitm a n , See Concealment: Taql i d : And when it is said to them, 'Follow that which Allah has sent down,' they say, 'Nay, we will follow that wherein we found our fa- thers.What! even if their fathers had no sense at all and followed not the right path? 2:171 Taqw a : fear of God, This is a perfect Book; there is no doubt in it; it is a guidance for the righteous, 2:3 Say, 'The bad and the good are not alike,' even though the abundance of the bad may please thee.So be mindful of your duty to Al- lah, O men of understand- ing, that you may prosper.5:101 Tama- risk : … And We gave them, in place of their two excellent gardens, two gardens bear- ing bitter fruit and contain- ing tamarisk and a few lote- trees.34:17 Tasn i m : water of, And it will be tempered with the water of Tasn i m, 83:28 T aw a f : See Circumambulate:

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~ 547 ~ Tawak- kul- ‘alall a h : trust in Allah, When two parties from among you, thought of showing cowardice, alt- hough Allah was their Friend.And upon Allah should the believers rely.3:123 Taubah : See Repentance: Tau hi d : See Repentance: Allah: Shirk: Trinity: Taya- mmum : See Ablution: T ayyib : Allah would not leave the believers in the state in which you are, until He separated the wicked from the good….3:180 good things, T ayyib a t, Say, 'The bad and the good are not alike,' even though the abundance of the bad may please thee….5:101 whole- some food, T ayyib , O ye men! Eat of what is lawful and good in the earth; and follow not the footsteps of Satan,… 2:169 Ten com- mand- ments : And remember when We gave Moses the Book and the Discrimination, that you might be rightly guided.2:54 Tempo- rary Mar- riage : Mut ‘ ah, And for the benefit you re- ceive from them, give them their dowries, as fixed, and there is no blame on you what you do by mutual agreement after the fixing of the dowry… 4:25 See also Benefit:

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~ 548 ~ Testi- mony : Ta s d i q , … Say, 'Do you know bet- ter or Allah and who is more unjust than he who hides the testimony that he has from Allah? … 2:141 of Prophets, And remember the time when Allah took a covenant from the people through the Proph- ets, saying, 'Whatever I give you of the Book and Wisdom and then there comes to you a Messenger, fulfilling that which is with you, you shall believe in him and help him.' A nd He said, 'Do you agree, and do you accept the respon- sibility which I lay upon you in this matter?' They said, 'We agree.' He said, 'Then bear witness and I am with you among the witnesses.' 3:82 of scrip- tures, He has sent down to thee the Book containing the truth and fulfilling that which precedes it; and He sent down the Torah and the Gospel, 3:4 And the Book which We have revealed to thee is the truth itself, fulfilling that which is before it….35:32 Tham u d : See also Sa li h as : built stone palaces, ' And you hew out houses in the mountains, elated with your greatness; 26:150

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~ 549 ~ punished, And punishment overtook those who had done wrong, and they lay prostrate in their houses, 11:68 Then, as for Tham u d, they were destroyed with a blast of the utmost fury.69:6 rejected Allah, Messen- gers, … Remember! The Tham u d believed not in their Lord.So away with the tribe of Tham u d.11:69 sign of she- camel, 'And O my people, this is the she-camel of Allah, a Sign for you, so leave her f ree that she may feed in Allah's earth, and touch her not with harm lest a near punishment seize you.' 11:65 Thaur : If you help him not, then know that Allah helped him even when the disbelievers drove him forth while he was one of the two, when they were both in the Cave, when he said to his Com- panion, 'Grieve not, for Al- lah is with us.' 9:40 Thaw a b : reward, So Allah gave them the re- ward of this world, as also an excellent reward of the Hereafter; and Allah loves those who do good.3:149 See also Reward: Theft : See Moral Traits: stealing , Throne : ‘ Arsh , See also Allah: throne of ,

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~ 550 ~ of Sheba, Joseph, 'I found a woman ruling over them, and she has been given every necessary thing and she has a mighty throne; 27:24 And he raised his parents upon the throne and they all fell down prostrate before Allah for him….12:101 Tilth : Your wives are a sort of tilth for you; so approach your tilth when and as you like and send ahead some good for yourselves; ….2:224 Toler- ance : And who is more unjust than he who prohibits the name of Allah being glori- fied in Allah's temples and strives to ruin them? It was not proper for such men to enter therein except in fear….2:115 Tongue : Lis a n , Those amongst the Israel who disbelieved were cursed by the tongue of Da- vid, and of Jesus, son of Mary….5:79 On the day when their tongues and their hands and their feet will bear witness against them as to what they used to do; 24:25 And We have made the Qur' a n easy in thy tongue that they may take heed.44:59

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~ 551 ~ Tooth : And therein We prescribed for them: Life for life, and eye for eye, nose for nose, ear for ear, and tooth for tooth, and for other injuries equitable retaliation… 5:46 Torah : and Holy Prophet sa , Those who follow the Mes- senger, the Prophet, the ‘ Umm i whom they find mentioned in the Torah and the Gospel which are with them….7:158 and Qur’ a n, Say, 'Then bring a Book from Allah which is a better guide than these two Books—the Torah and the Qur' a n—that I may follow it, if you are truthful.' 28:50 fight in Allah’s way, ….an unfailing promise that He has made binding on Himself in the Torah, and the Gospel, and the Qur' a n.And who is more faithful to his promise than Allah? ….9:111 law preceding Qur’ a n, Surely, We sent down the Torah wherein was guid- ance and light.By it did the Prophets, who were obedi- ent to Us, judge for the Jews, as did the godly peo- ple and those learned in the Law; because they were re- quired to preserve the Book of Allah, and because they were guardians over it ….5:45

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~ 552 ~ perfection of favour, Moreover, We gave Moses the Book—completing the favour upon him who did good, and an explanation of all necessary things, and a guidance and a mercy … 6:155 perver- sion of ¬ , Woe, therefore, to those who write the Book with their own hands and then say, 'This is from Allah,' that they may take for it a paltry price.Woe, then, to them for what their hands have written, and woe to them for what they earn.2:80 guidance for Jews, And We gave Moses the Book and We made it a guidance for the Children of Israel, commanding 'Take ye no guardian beside Me', 17:3 Town : Ummul- Qur a And this is a Book which We have reveal-ed, full of blessings, to fulfil that which preceded it, and to enable thee to warn the Mother of towns and those around her… 6:93 Trade : Tij a rah , Those who devour interest do not rise except as one whom Satan has smitten with insanity.That is be- cause they say, 'Trade also is like interest;' whereas Al- lah has made trade lawful and has made interest un- lawful…..2:276 See also Bai‘:

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~ 553 ~ Tranquil- ity : Sak i nah , He it is Who sent down tranquility into the hearts of the believers that they might add faith to their faith… 48:5 If you help him not, then know that Allah helped him even when the disbelievers drove him forth while he was one of the two, when they were both in the Cave, when he said to his Companion, 'Grieve not, for Allah is with us.' Then Allah sent down His peace on him,… 9:40 Trans- gression : T agh a , ‘ Udw a n , Allah will punish their mockery and will let them continue in their transgres- sion, wan-dering blindly.2:16 See also Insolence: Transport new, And He has created horses and mules and asses that you may ride them, and as a source of beauty.And He will create what you do not y et know.16:9 And We will create for them the like thereof whereon they will ride.36:43 Travel : Surely, there have been many dispensations before you; so travel through the earth and see how evil was the end of those who treated the Prophets as li- ars.3:138

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~ 554 ~ Say, 'Travel in the earth, and see how He originated the creation.Then will Allah cre- ate the second creation..29:21 Treasure : Say, "I do not say to you: 'I possess the treasures of Al- lah, nor do I know the un- seen; nor do I say to you: 'I am an angel, I follow only that which is revealed to me… 6:51 Treaties : Except those of the disbe- lievers with whom you have entered into a treaty and who have not subse- quently failed you in any- thing nor aided anyone against you.So fulfil to these the treaty you have made with them till their term….9:4 And truly they had already covenanted with Allah that they Would not turn their backs.And a covenant with Allah will have to be an- swered for.33:16 Tree : Shajarah , and Holy Qur’ a n, And if all the trees that are in the earth were pens, and the ocean—seven more oceans to replenish it—were ink, the words of Allah would not be exhausted….31:28 cursed ¬ , mal‘ u nah , … And We made not the Vision which We showed thee but as a trial for men,

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~ 555 ~ as also the tree cursed in the Qur' a n….17:61 evil, khab i- thah, And the case of an evil word is like that of an evil tree, which is uprooted from above the earth and has no stability.14:27 forbidden mamn u- ‘ ah, And We said, 'O Adam, dwell thou and thy wife in the garden, and eat there- from plentifully wherever you will, but approach not this tree, lest you be of the wrongdoers.' 2:36 good ¬ , t ayyibah , Dost thou not see how Allah sets forth a parable of a good word? It is like a good tree, whose root is firm and whose branches reach into heaven? 14:25 green ¬ , akh d ar, 'He Who produces for you fire out of the green tree, and behold, you kindle from it.36:81 lote ¬ , sidrah, Near the farthest Lote-tree, 53:15 of eternity, khuld, But Satan whispered evil suggestions to him.He said, 'O Adam, shall I direct thee to the tree of eternity, and to a kingdom that never de- cays?' 20:121 of H udaibi- yah , Surely, Allah was well— pleased with the believers when they were swearing allegiance to thee under the Tree,….48:19

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~ 556 ~ Trench : battle of, They are a host of the con- federates which shall be routed here.38:12 Trial : children, wealth, a ¬ , And know that your posses- sions and your children are but a trial and that it is Allah with Whom is a great reward.8:29 of stead- fastness, And We will, surely, try you until We make mani- fest those among you who strive f or the cause of Allah and those who are steadfast.And We will make known the true facts about you.47:32 trial, Fitnah, And among them is he who says, 'Permit me to stay be- hind and put me not to trial.' Surely, they have al- ready fallen into trial.And surely, Hell shall encom- pass the disbelievers.9:49 And they said, 'In Allah do we put our trust.Our Lord, make us not a trial for the wrongdoing people; 10:86 Trinity : They surely disbelieve who say, 'Allah is the third of three;' there is no god but the One God.And if they do not desist from what they say, a grievous punish- ment shall surely befall those of them that disbe- lieve.5:74

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~ 557 ~ And say, 'All praise belongs to Allah Who has taken unto Himself no son, and Who has no partner in His Kingdom, nor has He any- one to help Him because of any weakness of His.' … 17:112 And they say, 'The Gra- cious God has taken unto Himself a son.' 19:89 Assuredly, you have indeed uttered a most hideous thing.19:90 The heavens might well- nigh burst thereat, and the earth cleave asunder, and the mountains fall down in pieces.19:91 Because they ascribe a son to the Gracious God.19:92 It b ecomes not the Gracious God that He should take unto Himself a son.19:93 Trumpet : Su r , And when the trumpet is blown, there will be no ties of relationship any more between them on that day, nor will they ask after one another.23:102 Trusts : A m a nah Verily, Allah commands you to give over the trusts to those entitled to them, and that, when you judge between men, you judge with Justice….4:59 Truth : H aqq , And confound not truth with falsehood nor hide the truth knowingly.2:43

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~ 558 ~ Nay, We hurl the truth at falsehood, and it breaks its head, and lo! it perishes.And woe to you for that which you ascribe to Allah.21:19 Allah promises ¬ , … Remember, that Allah's promise is surely true.But most of them understand not.10:56 confound not, hide not the ¬ , And confound not truth with falsehood nor hide the truth knowingly.2:43 is with Allah, ….His Word is the truth, and His will be the King- dom on the day when the trumpet will be blown…..6:74 Islam is ¬ , He it is Who sent His Mes- senger with guidance and the religion of truth, that He may make it prevail over every other religion, even though the idolaters may re- sent it.9:33 Prophet sa came with ¬ How shall Allah guide a peo- ple who have disbelieved af- ter believing and who had borne witness that the Mes- senger was true and to whom clear proofs had come?...3:87 And proclaim: 'Truth has come and falsehood has vanished.Verily, falsehood is bound to vanish.' 17:82 sent down with ¬ , He has sent down to thee the Book containing the truth and fulfilling that which precedes

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~ 559 ~ it; and He sent down the To- rah and the Gospel, 3:4 who reject ¬ , So comply not with the wishes of those who reject the Truth.68:9 Woe on that day unto those who reject the Truth! 77:20 Truthful : Sa diq , The steadfast, and the truth- ful, and the humble, and those who spend in the way of Allah and those who pray for pardon in the latter part of the night.3:18 And whoso obeys Allah and this Messenger shall be among those on whom Allah has bestowed His blessings— the Prophets, the Truthful, the Martyrs, and the Righteous.And an excellent company are they.4:70 Those who believe in Allah and His Messengers, they are the Truthful and the Witnesses in the sight of their Lord.They will have their full reward and their light…..57:20 if you are ¬ , in kuntum sa diq i n , And if you are in doubt as to what We have sent down to Our servant, then pro- duce a chapter like it, and call upon your helpers beside Allah, if you are truthful.2:24 T uw a : Valley of, Has the story of Moses reached thee? When his Lord called him in the holy Valley of Tuw a , 79:16-17

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~ 560 ~ U U h ud : Battle of, And remember when thou didst go forth early in the morning from thy house- hold, assigning to the be- lievers their positions for battle… 3:122 U lul- Amr : And when there comes to them any tidings whether of peace or of fear they spread it about, whereas if they had referred it to the Mes- senger and to those in au- thority among them,… 4:84 Ummah : people, nation, body of men, Those are a people that have passed away,..2:135 You are the best people, raised for the good of man- kind·, you enjoin good and forbid evil and believe in Allah….3:111 Um- mah a t : See Wives of the Holy Prophet sa : Umm i : 'Those who follow the Mes- senger, the Prophet, the ’ Umm i whom they find mentioned in the Torah and the Gospel which are with them….7:158 And some of them are illit- erate; they know not the Book but their own false notions and they do nothing but conjecture.2:79 ‘ Umrah : And complete the Pilgrim- age and the ‘Umrah for the sake of Allah;… 2:197

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~ 561 ~ Universe : created with purpose, He has created the heavens and the earth in accordance with the requirements of wisdom….16:4 creation of ¬ Surely, your Lord is Allah, Who created the heavens and the earth in six periods, then He settled Himself firmly on the Throne.He makes the night cover the day, which it pursues swiftly.And He cre- ated the sun and the moon and the stars— all made sub- servient by His command.Verily, His is the creation and the command….7:55 Then He turned to the heaven, while it was some- thing like smoke, and said to it and to the earth; 'Come ye both of you in obedience, willingly or unwillingly.' They said, 'We come will- ingly.41:12 destruc- tion of ¬ , All that is on earth will pass away; 55:27 'The day when We shall roll up the heavens like the roll- ing up of written scrolls by a scribe.' As We began the first creation, so shall We repeat it—a promise bind- ing upon Us; We shall cer- tainly fulfil it.21:105 in service of man, And He it is Who has made the night and the day, each following the other, for the benefit of him who desires

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~ 562 ~ to remember, or desires to be grateful.25:63 Unjust : Za lim , And who is more unjust than he who prohibits the name of Allah being glori- fied in Allah's temples and strives to ruin them?...2:115 ….and who is more unjust than he who hides the testi- mony that he has from Al- lah? And Allah is not una- ware of what you do.' 2:141 And who is more unjust than he who forges a lie against Allah or treats His Signs as lies?....6:22 Unlaw- ful : H ar a m O ye who believe! make not unlawful the good things which Allah has made lawful for you, and do not transgress….5:88 Say, 'Come, I will recite to you what your Lord has forbidden, that you associ- ate not anything as partner with Him; … 6:152 O Prophet! why dost thou forbid thyself that which Allah has made lawful to thee.Thou seekest the pleasure of thy wives?.66:2 Unlet- tered : See Umm i : Unneces- sary que- ries , O ye who believe! ask not about things which, if re- vealed to you, would cause you trouble, though if you ask about them while the

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~ 563 ~ Qur' a n is being sent down they will be revealed to you … 5:102 Unseen : Secret, Hidden, Who believe in the unseen and observe Prayer and spend out of what We have provided for them; 2:4 Allah alone knows, Say, 'None in the heavens and the earth knows the un- seen save Allah; and they do not know when they will be raised up.' 27:66 believers fear the ¬ , O ye who believe! Allah will surely try you in a little matter: the game which your hands and your lances can reach, so that Allah may cause to be known those who fear Him in se- cret….5:95 revealed to Mes- sengers, He is the Knower of the un- seen; and He reveals not His secrets to anyone, Except to a Messenger of His whom He chooses….72:27-28 Usury : See Interest: ‘ Uzayr : See Ezra: ‘ Uzz a: Now tell me about L a t and ‘Uzz a ; 53:20 V Vain : See Moral Traits: Valley : W a d i , ' Our Lord, I have settled some of my progeny in an uncultivable valley near Thy Sacred House….14:38

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~ 564 ~ And We made the son of Mary and his mother a Sign, and gave them shelter on an elevated land of green valleys and springs of running water.23:51 Vegeta- tion : And He it is Who sends down water from the cloud; and We bring forth therewith every kind of growth; then We bring forth with that green foliage wherefrom We produce clustered grain.And from the date-palm, out of its sheaths come forth bunches hanging low.And We pro- duce therewith gardens of grapes, and the olive and the pomegranate—like and un- like.Look at the fruit thereof when it bears fruit, and the ripening thereof… 6:100 Veil : See Purdah: Vicege- rent : See Khalifah: Vices : See Moral Traits: Vindica- tion : bar a ’ah This is a declaration of complete vindication on the part of Allah and His Messenger to the idolaters to whom you had an- nounced a commitment that Islam would triumph in Arabia.9:1 Are your disbelievers better than those? Or, have you an immunity in the Scriptures? 54:44

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~ 565 ~ Virgin : She said, 'My Lord, how shall I have a son, when no man has touched me?'… 3:48 Maybe, His Lord, if he di- vorces you, will give him instead wives better than you—resigned, believing, obedient, always turning to God, devout in worship, given to fasting, both wid- ows and virgins.66:6 Vision : of Abraham, … 'Take four birds and make them attached to thee.Then put each of them on a hill; then call them; they will come to thee in haste…..2:261 of Ezekiel, Or hast thou not heard of the like of him who passed by a town which had fallen down upon its roofs and exclaimed, 'When will Allah restore it to life after its destruction?' Then Allah caused him to die for a hun- dred years, then He raised him… 2:260 God’s message, And it is not for a man that Allah should speak to him except by direct revelation, or from behind a veil, or by sending a messenger to re- veal by His command… 42:52

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~ 566 ~ of Holy Prophet sa , When Allah showed them to thee in thy dream as few and if He had shown them to thee as many, you would certainly have faltered and would have disagreed with one another about the mat- ter; but Allah saved you.Surely, He has full knowledge of what is in y our breasts.8:44 Glory be to Him Who car- ried His servant by night from the Sacred Mosque to the Distant Mosque, the environs of which We have blessed, that We might show him some of Our Signs….17:2 Allah, indeed, fulfilled for His Messenger the Vision: You shall, certainly, enter the Sacred Mosque, if Allah will, in security, some of you having their heads shaven and others having their hair cut short, you will have no fear.But He knew what you knew not.He has, in fact, ordained for you, besides that, a victory near at hand.48:28 about Ishmael, And when he was old enough to run along with him, he said, 'O my dear son, I have seen in a dream that I offer thee in sacri- fice...37:103

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~ 567 ~ of Joseph, Remember the time when Joseph said to his father, 'O my father, I saw in a dream eleven stars and the sun and the moon—I saw them making obeisance to me.' 12:5 of Mary, And screened herself off from them.Then We sent Our angel to her and he ap- peared to her in the form of a well-proportioned man.19:18 of Moses, When he saw a fire, and he said to his family, 'Tarry ye, I perceive a fire; perhaps I may bring you a brand therefrom or find guidance at the fire.' 20:11

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~ 568 ~ W Wa h y : See Revelation: War : Qit a l , Allah’s support, Fight, therefore, in the way of Allah—thou art not made responsible except for thyself—and urge on the believers to fight.It may be that Allah will restrain the might of those that disbe- lieve; and Allah is stronger in might and stronger in in- flicting punishment.4:85 Condit- ions for ¬ , And fight in the way of Al- lah against those who fight against you, but do not transgress.Surely, Allah loves not the transgressors.2:191 And fight them until there is no persecution, and religion is professed only for Allah.But if they desist, then re- member that no hostility is al- lowed except against the wrongdoers.2:194 And why should you not fight in the cause of Allah and for the rescue of the weak men, women and chil- dren— who say, 'Our Lord, take us out of this town whose people are oppressors, and give us a friend from Thyself and give us from Thyself a helper.' 4:76

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~ 569 ~ O ye who believe! when you encounter an army, be firm, and remember Allah much that you may prosper.8:46 And make ready for them who fight you whatever you can of armed force and of mounted pickets at the fron- tier, whereby you may frighten the enemy of Allah and your enemy and others besides them whom you know not, but Allah knows them… 8:61 It does not behove a Prophet that he should have captives until he engages in a regular fighting in the land.If you take captives except in regular fighting you will be regarded as de- siring the goods of the world, while Allah desires f or you the Hereafter.And Allah is Mighty, Wise.8:68 And if any one of the idola- ters seeks protection of thee, grant him protection so that he may hear the Word of Allah; then convey him to his place of security.That is because they are a people who have no knowledge.9:6 Permission to take up arms is given to those against whom war is made, because they have been wronged

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~ 570 ~ and Allah, indeed, has power to help them— 22:40 Those who have been driven out from their homes un- justly, only because they said, 'Our Lord is Allah.' And if Allah had not repelled some people by means of others, cloisters and churches and synagogues and mosques, wherein the name of Allah is oft remembered, would surely have been destroyed.And Allah will, surely, help him who helps Him.22:41 So be not slack and sue not for peace, for you will, cer- tainly, have the upper hand.And Allah is with you, and He will not deprive you of the reward of your actions.47:36 enjoined for Allah, O ye who believe! fight such of the disbelievers as are near to you and let them find hardness in you; and know that Allah is with the righteous.9:123 martyr- dom in ¬ , And say not of those who are slain in the way of Allah that they are dead; nay, they are living, only you perceive not.2:155 Muslim warriors, By the snorting chargers Which strike sparks of fire with their hoofs, Making raids at dawn, And raising clouds of dust thereby, And

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~ 571 ~ thus penetrate into the cen- tre of the enemy ranks.100:2-6 O ye who believe! when you meet those who disbe- lieve, advancing in force, turn not your backs to them.8:16 prisoners of ¬ , It does not behove a Prophet that he should have captives until he engages in a regular fighting in the land.If you take captives except in regular fighting you will be regarded as de- siring the goods of the world, while Allah desires f or you the Hereafter.8:68 And they feed, for love of Him, the poor, the orphan and the prisoner; 76:9 punish- ment for ¬ , The only reward of those, who wage war against Allah and His Messenger and strive to create disorder in the land, is that they be slain or cruci- fied or their hands and feet be cut off on account of their en- mity, or they be expelled from the land.That shall be a disgrace for them in this world, and in the Hereafter they shall have a great pun- ishment; 5:34 repug- nance for ¬ , Fighting is ordained for you, though it is repugnant to you; but it may be that you dislike a thing while it is good for you, and it may

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~ 572 ~ be that you like a thing while it is bad for you… 2:217 spoils of ¬ , Whatever Allah has given to His Messenger as spoils from the people of the towns, it is for Allah and for the Messenger and for the near of kin and the or- phans and the needy and the wayfarer, in order that it may not circulate only among those of you who are rich.And whatsoever the Messenger gives you, take it, and whatsoever he forbids you, abstain from it And fear Allah;… 59:8 to end disorder, and achieve peace, And if two parties of be- lievers fight each other, make peace between them; then if after that one of them transgresses against the other, fight the party that transgresses until it re- turns to the command of Allah.Then if it returns, make peace between them with equity, and act justly… 49:10 Wardens of Fire : A sha bun- N a r :, And none but angels have We made wardens of the Fire.And We have not fixed their number except as a trial for those who dis- believe,… 74:32 Warner : Nadh i r , Verily, We have sent thee with the Truth, has a bearer of glad tidings and as a

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~ 573 ~ Warner; and there is no people to whom a Warner has not been sent.35:25 Wa si lah : See Ba hi rah: Watcher : … but since Thou didst cause me to die, Thou hast been the Watcher over them,… 5:118 Water : M a ’ as punish- ment, This is what they will have.So let them taste it—a boil- ing fluid, and an intensely cold and stinking drink.38:58 Moses prays for, And remember the time when Moses prayed for wa- ter for his people and We said, 'Strike the rock with thy rod;' and there gushed forth from it twelve springs, … 2:61 sent from heaven, He it is Who sends down water for you from the clouds; out of it you have your drink, and there grow from it trees on which you pasture your cattle.16:11 source of all life, ….And We made of water every living thing.Will they not then believe? 21:31 throne rests on, ….and His throne rests on water… 11:8

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~ 574 ~ Way of : Sab i l , believers, Call unto the way of thy Lord with wisdom and goodly exhortation and ar- gue with them in a way that is best….16:126 migrating in ¬ Allah, See Emigration: fighting in ¬ Allah, See War: See Jih a d: hindering from the ¬ Allah, Surely, those who disbe- lieve, spend their wealth to turn people away from the way of Allah.They will surely continue to spend it; but then shall it become a source of regret for them, and then shall they be over- come… 8:37 leading astray from ¬ , Surely, thy Lord knows best those who go astray from His way;… 6:118 spending in ¬ Allah, See Spending: Wrong- doers, And thus do We expound the Signs that the truth may become manifest and that the way of the sinners may become clear.6:56 Wealth : avails naught, Who amasses wealth and counts it over and over.He thinks that his wealth will make him immortal.Nay ! he shall, surely, be cast into the crushing torment.104:3-5

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~ 575 ~ believers rewarded, Who is it that will lend Al- lah a goodly loan that He may multiply it for him manifold? And Allah re- ceives and enlarges,… 2:246 ….Allah has exalted in rank those who strive with their wealth and their persons above those who sit at home … 4:96 love of ¬ , a trial, And We will try you with something of fear and hun- ger, and loss of wealth and lives and fruits; but give glad tidings to those who patiently persevere.2:156 share in ¬ , And in their wealth was a share for those who asked for help and for those who could not.51:20 spend in Allah’s way, They who spend their wealth in the way of Allah, then follow not up what they have spent with taunt or injury; for them is their reward with their Lord, and they shall have no fear, nor shall they grieve.2:263 modera- tion enjoined, And give to the kinsman his due, and to the poor and the wayfarer, and squander not thy wealth extravagantly.17:27 unlawful spending, And do not devour your property among yourselves by false means and offer it not as bribe to the authori- ties that you may devour a

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~ 576 ~ part of the wealth of other people wrongfully while you know.2:189 Wicked : Fujj a r , Nay, the record of the wicked is in Sijj i n.83:8 Widow : And those of you who die and leave behind wives shall bequeath to their wives provision for a year without their being turned out… 2:241 And as for those of you who die and leave wives behind, these (wives) shall wait con- cerning themselves for four months and ten days.And when they have reached the end of their period, no blame shall attach to you concern- ing anything that they do with regard to themselves in a de- cent manner… 2:235 Wife : See Spouse: Wives: Will : Wa s iyyat , It is prescribed for you, when death comes to any one of you, if he leave much wealth, that he make a will to parents and near relatives to act with fairness.This is an obligation on those who fear God.2:181 Wind : as a bless- ing and a sign , Or, Who guides you in the depths of darkness on land and sea, and Who sends the winds as glad tidings before His mercy?...27:64

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~ 577 ~ as a force of nature, O ye who believe, remem- ber the favour of Allah to you when there came against you hosts, and We sent against them a wind… 33:10 as a parable, The likeness of what they spend for the present life is as the likeness of a wind wherein there is intense cold.It smites the harvest of a people who have wronged themselves and destroys it… 3:118 as a punish- ment, ‘ A sif, He it is Who enables you to journey through land and sea until when you are on board the ships and they sail with them with a fair breeze and they rejoice in it, there over- takes them (the ships) a vio- lent wind and the waves come on them from every side and they think that they are encompassed, then they call upon Allah, in sincere submission to Him, saying, 'If Thou deliver us from this, we will surely be of the thankful.' 10:23 as a spir- itual phe- nomenon, By those that scatter with a true scattering, Then carry the load, Then speed lightly along, 51:2-4 types of ¬ , So We sent upon them a fu- rious wind for several omi- nous days, that We might

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~ 578 ~ make them taste the punish- ment of humiliation in this life… 41:17 Do you feel secure from Him Who is in the heaven that He will not send against you a heavy sand- storm? Then will you know how terrible was My warn- ing! 67:18 Wine : They ask thee concerning wine and games of chance.Say, 'In both there is great sin and harm and also some advantages for men; but their sin and harm are greater than their ad- vantage.'… 2:220 Satan seeks only to create enmity and hatred among you by means of wine and the game of chance, and to keep you back from the re- membrance of Allah and from Prayer… 5:92 Wisdom : h ikmah, 'And, Our Lord, raise up among them a Messenger from among themselves, who may recite to them Thy Signs and teach them the Book and Wisdom… 2:130 'My Lord, bestow wisdom on me and join me with the righteous; 26:84

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~ 579 ~ Witness : O ye who believe! be strict in observing justice, and be wit- nesses for Allah, even though it be against yourselves or against your parents or kin- dred.Whether he, against whom witness is borne, be rich or poor, Allah is more re- gardful of them both than you are.Therefore follow not y our low desires that you may be able to act equitably.And if you hide the truth or evade it, then know that Allah is Well-Aware of what you do.4:136 'Our Lord, we believe in that which Thou hast sent down and we follow this Messenger.So write us down among those who bear witness.' 3:54 And such of your women as are guilty of any flagrant impropriety—call to wit- ness four of you against them;….4:16 against them- selves, This day We shall put a seal on their mouths, and their hands will speak to Us, and their feet will bear witness to what they had earned.36:66 Allah bears witness, 'So Allah is now sufficient as a Witness between us and you.We were certainly una- ware of your worship.' 10:30

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~ 580 ~ When the Hypocrites come to thee, they say, 'We bear witness that thou art the Messenger of Allah.' And Allah knows that thou art indeed His Messenger, but Allah also bears witness that the Hypocrites cer- tainly are liars.63:2 Angels bear ¬ , And every soul shall come forth and along with it there will be an angel to drive it and an angel to bear wit- ness.50:22 Jesus bears ¬ , … and on the Day of Resur- rection, he (Jesus) shall be a witness against them … 4:160 Jinn bear ¬ , … They will say, 'We bear witness against ourselves.' And the worldly life de- ceived them.And they will bear witness against them- selves that they were disbe- lievers.6:131 Prophets bear ¬ , Verily, We have sent to you a Messenger, who is a wit- ness over you, even as We sent a Messenger to Pharaoh; 73:16 to truth, And those on whom they call beside Him possess no power of intercession but only he may intercede who bears witness to the truth,...43:87 Wives : And of His Signs is that has created wives for you from among yourselves that you may find peace of mind

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~ 581 ~ in them, and He has put love and tenderness be- tween you… 30:22 forbidden in marriage, And marry not those women whom your fathers married, except what has already passed.It is a thing foul and hateful and an evil way.4:23 Forbidden to you are your mothers, and your daughters, and your sisters, and your fa- thers' sisters, and your moth- ers' sisters, and brother's daughters, and sister's daugh- ters, and your foster mothers that have given you suck, and your foster—sisters, and the mothers of your wives, and your step-daughters, who are your wards being born of your wives to whom you have gone in—but if you have not gone in unto them, there is no blame on you-and the wives of your sons that are from your loins; and it is forbidden to you to have two sisters together in marriage, except what has already passed; surely, Allah is Most Forgiving, Ever Merciful.4:24 And forbidden to you are married women, …..4:25

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~ 582 ~ in Heaven, ….And they will have therein pure mates, and therein will they abide.2:26 ' Enter ye the Garden, you and your wives, honoured and happy.' 43:71 Inherit- ance of ¬ , For men is a share of that which parents and near rela- tions leave; and for women is a share of that which parents and near relations leave, whether it be little or much— a determined share.4:8 of Noah, Lot, Allah sets forth as an exam- ple, for those who disbelieve, the wife of Noah and the wife of Lot.They were under two righteous servants of Ours, but they acted treacherously to them… 66:11 people of Lot, 'And leave your wives whom your Lord has cre- ated for you? Nay, you are a people who transgress all limits.' 26:167 prayer for ¬ , And those who say, 'Our Lord, grant us of our wives and children the delight of our eyes, and make us a model for the righteous.' 25:75 relation- ship with ¬ , Your wives are a sort of tilth for you; so approach your tilth when and as you like and send ahead some good for yourselves;… 2:224

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~ 583 ~ Men are guardians over women because Allah has made some of them excel others, and because men spend on them of their wealth.So virtuous women are obedient, and guard the secrets of their husbands with Allah's protection.And as for those on whose part you fear disobedience, admon-ish them and keep away from them in their beds and chas- tise them.Then if they obey you, seek not a way against them… 4:35 Separat- ion of ¬ , O Prophet! when you divorce women, divorce them for the p rescribed period, and there- after reckon the period; and fear Allah, your Lord.Turn them not out of their houses, nor should they themselves leave unless they commit manifest indec-ency.These are the limits set by Allah;… 65:2 Then, when they are about to reach the limit of their p rescribed term, retain them with kindness, or part with them in a suitable manner, and call to witness two just persons from among you;….65:3 For those who vow absti- nence from their wives, the maximum period of waiting is four months;… 2:227

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~ 584 ~ Such divorce may be pro- nounced twice; then either retain them in a becoming manner or send them away with kindness… 2:230 Those among you who put away their wives by calling them mothers—they do not thereby become their moth- ers; their mothers are only those who gave them birth… 58:3 See also Divorce: Wives of the Holy Prop- het sa : O Prophet! say to thy wives, 'If you desire the life of this world and its adorn- ment, come then, I will pro- vide for you and send you away in a handsome man- ner; 33:29 ' But if you desire Allah and His Messenger and the Home of the Hereafter, then, truly, Allah has pre- pared for those of you, who do good, a great reward.33:30 ' O wives of the Prophet! if any of you be guilty of manifestly dishonourable conduct, the punishment will be doubled for her ….33:31 But whoever of you is obe- dient to Allah and His Mes- senger and does good works, We shall give her her reward twice over; and We have prepared for her

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~ 585 ~ an honourable provision.33:32 O wives of the Prophet! you are not like any other women if you are righteous.So be not soft in speech, lest he, in whose heart is a disease, should feel tempted; and speak decent words.33:33 And stay in your houses with dignity, and display not your beauty like the displaying of the former days of ignorance, and observe Prayer, and pay the Zakat, and obey Allah and His Messenger.Surely, Allah desires to remove from you all uncleanness, O Mem- bers of the Household, purify you completely.33:34 O Prophet! We have made lawful to thee thy wives whom thou hast paid their dowries, ….33:51 It is not allowed to thee to marry women after that, nor to change them for other wives even, though their goodness please thee, except any that thy right hand possesses….33:53 mothers of faithful, The Prophet is nearer to the believers than their own selves, and his wives are as mothers,… 33:7

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~ 586 ~ Woe : Wail , Woe, therefore, to those who write the Book with their own hands and then say, 'This is from Allah,' that they may take for it a paltry price.Woe, then, to them for what their hands have written, and woe to them for what they earn.2:80 Woman : Nis a ’, O ye people! fear your Lord who created you from a sin- gle soul and of its kind cre- ated its mate, and from them twain spread many men and women;… 4:2 Fair-seeming to men is made the love of desired things—women and chil- dren, and stored-up heaps of gold and silver, and horses of mark and cattle and crops… 3:15 Men are guardians over women because Allah has made some of them excel others, and because men spend on them of their wealth.So virtuous women are obedient, and guard the secrets of their husbands with Allah's protection.And as for those on whose part you fear disobedience, admonish them and keep away from them in their beds and chastise them.Then if they obey you, seek not a way against them… 4:35 See also: Marriage: Wives:

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~ 587 ~ equality of ¬ , And covet not that whereby Allah has made some of you excel others.Men shall have a share of that which they have earned, and women a share of that which they have earned… 4:33 Worship : ‘ Ib a dah , Thee alone do we worship and Thee alone do we im- plore for help.1:5 For every people We have appointed ways of worship which they observe; so let them not dispute with thee in the matter of the Islamic way of worship; and call thou the people to thy Lord, for, surely, thou art on the right guidance.22:68 See also S al a t: Fasting: Pil- grimage: Zak a t: Wrong- doers: Za lim , Allah loves not the ¬ , 'And as for those who be- lieve and do good works, He will give them their full rewards.And Allah loves not the wrongdoers.' 3:58 are not guided, How shall Allah guide a peo- ple who have disbelieved af- ter believing and who had borne witness that the Mes- senger was true and to whom clear proofs had come? And Allah guides not the wrong- doing people.3:87

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~ 588 ~ are not helped, And they worship instead of Allah that for which He has sent down no authority, and that of which they have no knowledge.And for the wrongdoers there is no helper.22:72 are punished, And We shall save the righteous and shall leave the wrongdoers therein, on their knees.19:73 deliver- ence from ¬ , So he went forth therefrom, fearful and watchful.He said, 'My Lord, deliver me from the unjust people.' 28:22 do not prosper, ….Surely, the wrongdoers shall not prosper.6:136 Wu du : See Ablution: Y Ya h y a : See John: Ya‘q u b : See Jacob: Ya‘ u q: Yag u th : "And they say to one an- other ' Forsake not your gods, and forsake neither Wadd nor Suwa’, nor Yagh u th and Ya‘ u q and Nasr." 71:24 Yathrib : And when a party of them said, 'O people of Yathrib, you can possibly make no stand against the enemy, therefore turn back… 33:14

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~ 589 ~ Yaumud- d i n : Day of Judg- ment, Master of the day of Judg- ment.1:4 'And Who, I hope, will for- give me my faults on the Day of Judgment; 26:83 They ask, ' When will the Day of Judgment be?' Say , 'It will be the day when they will be tormented with the torment of the Fire.' 51:13-14 And the wicked will be in Hell; They will burn therein on the Day of Judg- ment; 82:15-16 See also Day of Requital: Yaum : See Day of…: Youth : Ghilm a n , And there will wait upon them youths of their own, p ure as though they were pearls well preserved.52:25 See Children: Ghul a m , Y u nus as : See Jonah: Y u suf as : See Joseph: Z Zab u r : Psalms, scrip- tures, ….and We gave David a Book.4:164 Zachari- ah as : Then and there did Zacha- riah pray to His Lord, say- ing, 'My Lord, grant me from Thyself pure off- spring; surely, Thou art the Hearer of prayer.' 3:39

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~ 590 ~ So We heard his prayer and bestowed upon him John and cured his wife of steril- ity for him.They used to vie with one another in good works and they called on Us in hope and in fear, and they humbled them- selves before Us.21:91 Zaid- Zainab ra : ….Then, when Zaid had ac- complished his want concern- ing her, We joined her in marriage to thee, so that there may be no difficulty for the believers with regard to mar- riage with the wives of their adopted sons, when they have accomplished their wants concerning them… 33:38 Zak a t : And observe Prayer and pay the Zak a t, and bow down with those who bow.2:44 See also Alms: pure, pious, 'So we desired that their Lord should give them in exchange one b etter than he in purity and closer in filial affection; 18:82 Zaqq u m : Is that better as entertain- ment, or the tree Zaqq u m? Verily , We have made it a trial for the wrongdoers.It is a tree that springs forth in the bottom of Hell; 37:63-65 Zauj : See Spouse:

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~ 591 ~ Z ih a r : Those among you who put away their wives by calling them mothers—they do not thereby become their moth- ers; their mothers are only those who gave them birth.They certainly utter words that are manifestly evil and untrue;… 58:3 Zin a : See Adultery: Z i nah : beauty, See Adornment: Beauty: O Allah have mercy on me with (the blessings) of the Great Qur' a n.Make it for me a Model, Light, Guidance and Mercy.O my Allah remind me whatever I have forgotten of it and teach me what I do not know of it.Grant me its recitation in the watches of the night and in the hours of day.O Lord of the worlds make it an Authority for me for my benefit.A m i n

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~ 592 ~ Subject Index A A‘r a b..................................................82 A’ishah..............................................42 Aaron..................................................1 Abasement..........................................3 Abd......................See Servant, Slavery Abdull a h ibn ’Ubayy...........................4 Abel: ( H a b i l ) & Cain.............................5 Abide...................................................6 Ablution..............................................6 Abomination.......................................7 Abortion..............................................7 Abraha.................................................8 Abraham..............................................8 Abrogation........................................17 Abstinence........................................17 Ab u Bakr ra.........................................18 Ab u Lahab.........................................19 Abyssinia...........................................19 Accountability...................................22 Actions..............................................19 A d.....................................................23 Adam.................................................25 Adh a b.............................See Calamities Adl.....................................................28 Adoption...........................................28 Adoration..........................................29 Adornment.......................................29 Adultery............................................31 Adversity...........................................32 Affection...........................................32 Affliction............................................32 Afterlife.............................................33 Age of Ignorance.............See J a hiliyyah Agreements.......................................37 Agriculture........................................38 Ahludh-Dhikr.....................................40 Ahlul-Bait...........................................40 Ahlul-Kitab........See People of the Book Ahmad...............................................40 Ahqaf.................................................42 Ahram................................................42 Ain.....................................................42 Air See Wind Ajal....................................................42 A khirah.............................See Afterlife Akmaltu.............................................43 Alaq..........................................See Clot Al-Aq sa..............................................43 Alcohol............See Intoxicants , Wine Alimony.............................................43 Allah..................................................43 Allegiance.....See Oath , Pledge , Bai‘at Allegory............................See Parables Alms...................................................70 Alw ah................................................72 Al-Yasa‘..............................................72 Ambiguous........................................72 Anf a l......................................See Spoils Angels................................................72 Anger.................................................75 Animals.............................................76 Annoying the Holy Prophet sa.............79 An sa r.................................................79 Anthropomorphism..........................80 Ape....................................................80 Apostate............................................80

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~ 593 ~ Arabic................................................82 Arabs.................................................83 Araf a t................................................84 Arbitration.........................................84 Argue.................................................85 Arguments and Reasoning................85 Ark.....................................................87 Arms..................................................87 Arrogance.........................................87 Arrows..............................................88 Arsh...................................................88 Artery................................................88 Asb at.................................................88 Ascension...........See Isr a ’ , Mi‘r a j, Rafa‘ Asceticism..................See Monasticism A sha bul-’Ukhd u d.....See Fellows of the trench A sha bul-Aikah See People of the Wood A sha bul-F i l See Owners of the Elephant A sha bul-Ja hi m.......See Inmates of hell A sha bul-Jannah See Inmates of heaven A sha bul-Kahf...See Companions of the Cave A sha bul-Maimanah..........................89 A sha bul-Mash’amah........................89 A sha bul-Qaryah................................89 A sha bul-Qub u r.................................89 A sha bul-Yam i n.................................89 A sha bun-N a r...See Wardens of the fire A sha bur-Rass.....See People of the well A sha bus-Sa‘ i r....................................89 A sha bus-Saf i nah...............................90 Ashhurul H urum...............................90 Ashuddah..........................................90 A siyah...............................................90 Asl.........................................See Honey Ass.....................................................90 Atheism.............See Allah: existence of Atlantic Ocean..........................See Sea Atmamtu...........................................91 Atom.................................................91 Atonement........................................92 Attributes of Allah............................93 A yah................................................107 Ayy a m..............................................107 Ayy u b as............................................107 A zar.................................................107 Az i z as................................................107 B Ba ‘ l..................................................108 Babylon...........................................108 Backbiting........................................108 Badr.................................................108 Ba hi rah............................................109 Bai‘...................................................109 Bai‘at...............................................109 Bai ‘ atur-Ri d w a n..............................110 Bait..................................................110 Baitul-‘At i q......................................110 Baitul- H ar a m..................................110 Baitul-Ma ‘ m u r.................................110 Bakkah.............................................109 Bal ‘ am B a ‘ u r....................................111 Balance............................................110 Ban i Isr a ‘ i l.......................................111 Baq a ’...............................................113 Bar a ’ah............................................113 Barak a t............................................113 Bargain............................................114 Barren..............................................114 Barrier.............................................115 Barter..............................................116 Barzakh................................See Barrier Bashr...............................................116 Beard...............................................117 Beauty.............................................118 Beduin....................................See A‘r a b Bee..................................................118 Begging............................................118 Belief...............................................119 Believers..........................................121

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~ 594 ~ Benefit............................................123 Bequests.........................................124 Bible................................................125 Bid ‘ ah..............................................126 Bilq i s...............................................126 Biology............................................126 Birds................................................127 Birth................................................128 Birth Control...................................128 Bismill a h.........................................128 Biya‘u..............................................109 Black................................................129 Blasphemy......................................129 Blessings............................See Barakat Blind................................................131 Blood...............................................130 Blood Money..................................130 Boaster............................................132 Boat.................................................132 Bondman............................See Slavery Bondwoman...................................132 Bones..............................................133 Book................................................133 Booty......................................See Spoils Bounds............................................135 Bounty............................................135 Bracelets of gold …..........................136 Breast..............................................136 Bribery............................................136 Brocade...........................................136 Brother............................................136 Burden............................................137 Burh a n.See Arguments and Reasoning Burial...............................................137 Burnt Offering.................................138 Byzantines.......................................138 C Cain & Abel.............................See Abel Calamities........................................139 Calendar..........................................141 Calf...................................................141 Caliph...............................................141 Calumny...........................................142 Camel...............................................142 Camphor..........................................142 Canals........................................See Sea Canopy.............................................143 Captives...........................................143 Carpet..............................................143 Carrion.............................................143 Cattle...............................................143 Celibacy........................See Abstinence Certainty..........................................144 Chains..............................................144 Challenge.........................................144 Charity....................................See Alms Chastisement..................See Calamities Chastity............................................144 Cheating..........................................145 Children...........................................145 Children of Adam.............................146 Children of Israel............See Bani Isra’il Christ......................................See Jesus Christians & Christianity..................146 Churches................................See Biya‘u Circumambulate..............................147 City...................................................148 Civilizations, Past.............................148 Clay..................................................148 Cleanliness...................See Moral Traits Clergy..........................See Monasticism Clot..................................................149 Cloud...............................................149 Colours.............................................149 Columns...........................................149 Combat.....................................See War Commerce.............................See Trade Community..........................See Society Companions of the Cave..................149 Companions of the Holy Prophet sa..150 Compel............See Compulsion in Faith

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~ 595 ~ Compromise....................................151 Compulsion in Faith........................151 Concealment...................................153 Conceit............................................154 Conciliation.....................................154 Concubinage...................................154 Conferences....................................155 Conjecture.......................................155 Conjugal Relation............................156 Conscience..................See Compulsion, Persecution Consorts.............See Wives of the Holy Prophetsa Consultation....................................157 Contracts.........................................157 Contributions..................................157 Conversion......................See Preaching Convey Message.............................158 Corah...............................................158 Corn.................................................158 Corruption......................................159 Cosmology......................................159 Covenant.........................................159 Cradle..............................................161 Create.............................................161 Creed...............................................162 Criteria....................See Discrimination Crooked...........................................163 Crops...............................................163 Cross...............................................163 Crow................................................164 Crucifixion.............................See Cross Cucumber........................................164 Cultivation....................See Agriculture Curse...............................................164 Custodian........................................165 Customs of…...................................166 Cyrus...............................................167 D Da‘wah...........................See Preaching D a bbatul-Ar d..................................168 Dajj a l...............................................168 Da ll i n...............................................168 Dams...............................................168 D a r...................................................168 Darkness..........................................169 D a rul- A khirah.................................170 D a rul-Baw a r....................................170 D a rul-F a siq i n...................................169 D a rul-Khuld.....................................170 D a rul-Muq a mah..............................170 D a rul-Muttaq i n...............................170 D a rul-Qar a r.....................................170 D a rus-Sal a m....................................171 Date Palms......................................171 Date-Stone......................................171 Daughters........................................171 David...............................................172 Dawn...............................................173 Day..................................................173 Day of Requital...............................177 Day of Appointed Time...................174 Day of Call for Help.........................174 Day of Decision...............................174 Day of Distinction...........................174 Day of Distress................................175 Day of Eternity................................174 Day of Festival.................................175 Day of Gathering.............................175 Day of Gloom..................................175 Day of Graves..................................175 Day of Harvest.................................176 Day of H unayn................................175 Day of Hunger.................................176 Day of Meeting...............................176 Day of People..................................174 Day of Pilgrimmage.........................176 Day of Promise................................176

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~ 596 ~ Day of Realization...........................180 Day of Reckoning............................177 Day of Sorrow.................................180 Day of the Quake............................177 Day of Victory.................................180 Day of Witnesses............................180 Day of Your’s...................................180 Deaf.................................................180 Death............181, See Afterlife , Dead Debate............................................184 Debt................................................185 Decree.............................................185 Deeds..................................See Actions Defamatory speech........................185 Deities.............................................185 Deluge....................................See Flood Delusion..........................................186 Descent...........................................186 Desert.............................................187 Desire..............................................187 Despair............................................188 Destiny............................................188 Destiny, night of...See Night of Decree Destructive Day..............................174 Devil.......................................See Satan Dhikr...................................See Prayers Dhul-Kifl..........................................189 Dhul-Qarnain..................................189 Dhun-N u n.......................................189 Dignity.............................................189 D ir a r................................................189 Disbelievers....................................190 Discord............................................191 Discrepancy....................................193 Discrimination................................193 Disease............................................193 Dishonesty......................................191 Disobedience..................................194 Dispensation...................................194 Display............................................195 Dispute............................................195 Dissimulation............See Concealment Ditch, Battle of.....See Trench: Battle of Divination............................See Arrows Divinity............................................196 Divorce............................................197 Diyat................................................199 Dog..................................................200 Donkey............................................200 Doomsday......See Day of Resurrection Door.................................................200 Doubt..............................................200 Dower-money.................................201 Downcast........................................201 Dreams............................................202 Drinks..............................................202 Drown..............................................203 Du‘ a ’........See Prayers , Prayers of Holy Qur’ a n Dust.................................................203 Duty.................................................203 E E‘j a z.............................See Inimitability Ears..................................................206 Earth................................................206 Earthquake......................................209 East & West.....................................209 Eclipse.............................................210 Economy..........................................210 Eden: garden of,..............................211 Education......................See Knowledge Egg...................................................211 Egypt................................................211 Election...................................See State Elephant..........................................211 Elijah................................................211 Elisha...............................................211 Embryo................................See Biology Emigration.........See Migration , Hijrah Enchantment...................................212 Enemies...........................................212

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~ 597 ~ Enoch..............................................213 Envy................................................213 Ephesus.....................See A sha bul-Kahf Equality of man...............................214 Equity...................................See Justice Escape.............................................214 Eternal.............................................215 Ethics...........................See Moral Traits Etiquette.........................................215 Eve........................................See Adam Evidence..........................................218 Evil..............................................See Sin Evolution.........................................219 Example..........................................220 Exodus.............................................220 Expiation.See Atonement : by expiation Exploitation....................................220 Extravagance..................................221 Ezekiel...............................See Dhul-Kifl Ezra.................................................221 F Faces...............................................222 Faith.......................................See Belief Fajr..................................................222 Falsehood.......................................222 Family.............................................223 Famine............................................224 Fa s l..................................................224 Fasting.............................................224 F a ti h ah.........See Qur’ a n- Oft-repeated verses, Fear.................................................225 Feeding the poor....................See Food Fellows of the Trench.....................227 Fidyah.............................................227 Fig 227 Fighting...........................................227 Fire..................................................227 Fish..................................................229 Fisq..................................................230 Fitnah........See Discord , Disorder , Trial Fi t rat.......................See Human Nature Flesh................................................230 Flogging...........................................231 Flood................................................231 Food................................................231 Forbidden............................See H ar a m Forge Lies........................................233 Forgiveness.....................................233 Fornication........................See Adultery Foundations....................................236 Free Will..........................................237 Freedom..........................................236 Friday.......................................176, 237 Friends.............................................237 Fuel..................................................238 Furq a n.....................See Discrimination G Gabriel.............................................239 Gambling.........................................239 Garden..............................See Paradise Garments.........................................239 Ghaib..................................See Unseen Gideon.............................................240 Ginger..............................................240 Glad Tidings.....................................240 Glorification...................See Adoration God (s).......................See Allah, Deities Gog &Magog...................................241 Gold.................................................241 Goliath.............................................242 Good Deeds.....................................242 Gospel...................See New Testament Government...........................See State Grace...............................................242 Grapes.............................................243 Graves.............................................243 Greed...............................................243

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~ 598 ~ Green..............................................243 Greetings........................................243 Guardian.........................................243 Guidance.........................................244 Guilty...............................................244 H Habil and Qabil........................See Abel Hablullah................................See Rope Hadid........................................See Iron Hadith..............................................246 Hajj.................................See Pilgrimage Hakam.............................................246 H al a l.....................................See Lawful Ha m...................................See Ba hi rah H a m a n.............................................248 Hanif................................................248 H ar a m.......................248, See Unlawful Hard Day.........................................175 H a r u n as..................................See Aaron H a r u t & M a r u t.................................248 H av a riyy u n......................................249 Healing............................................249 Heart...............................................249 Heaven............................................251 Hebrew............................................254 Hell..................................................254 Hereafter............................See Afterlife H ij a b....................................See Purdah H ijr.......................See People of Al- H ijr H ijrah..............................................258 H ikmah............................................258 H ilm............................See Moral Traits Hoarding..........................................258 Holy Land........................................259 Homicide.........................................259 Homosexuality................................259 Honey..............................................259 Honour............................................259 Horses.............................................261 Hour................................................261 H udaibiyah.....................................262 H u d as................................................262 Hud-hud..........................................262 H ujjah.............................................262 Human Nature................................263 Humility......................See Moral Traits H unain: Battle of..............................263 Hunting............................................263 Hu r..................................................261 Hypocrites.......................................263 I I‘tik a f...............................................286 Ibl i s..................................................266 Ibr a h i m as.........................See Abraham Iddah...............................................267 Idolaters..........................................267 Idr i s as.....................................See Enoch Ifk 269 Ifr i t..................................................269 I l a ’...................................................269 Illiyy i n..............................................270 Ily a s as......................................See Elijah Im a m...............................................270 I m a n......................................See Belief Immigrants......................................271 Immunity.........................................271 Imr a n...............................................271 Imth a l...............................See Parables In‘ a m...............................................272 Indecency........................................272 Infallibility...............................272, 455 Infanticide.......................................273 Infidels.........................See Disbelievers Inheritance......................................273 Inimitability.....................................273 Inj i l........................See New Testament Injustice...........................................274

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~ 599 ~ Inmates of Fire................................270 Inmates of Heaven.........................271 Inmates of Hell...............................271 Innovation......................................274 Insh a all a h.......................................274 Intention.........................................274 Intercession....................................275 Interest...........................................275 Intermediary...................................276 Interpretation.................................276 Intoxicants......................................276 Iram.................................................276 Iron..................................................277 Irtid a d..............................See Apostate Isaac................................................277 I s a as........................................See Jesus Ishmael...........................................277 Islam...............................................277 I s mah............................See Infallibility Isr a’.................................................282 Israel...............................................283 Israelites.........................................283 Istaw a.............................................286 I s tif a’...............................................286 I t m i ’n a n..........................................286 J Jacob...............................................287 Jahannam.................................See Hell J a hiliyyah........................................287 Jal a b i b.............................................287 Jaldah................................See Flogging J a l u t....................................See Goliath Jannah...............................See Paradise Jaz a ’................................................288 Jerusalem........................................289 Jesus................................................289 Jewelry..........................See Ornaments Jews................................................296 Jews:...............................................296 Jih a d................................................297 Jinn..................................................299 Jizyah..................................See Poll Tax Job......................................See Ayy u b as John.................................................301 Jonah...............................................301 Joseph.............................................302 J u d i..................................................303 Jumu‘ah................................See Friday Justice..............................................304 K Ka‘bah.............................................306 K a f u r................................................307 Kal a lah.............................................307 Kalim a t............................................307 Kauthar............................................308 Khala’...............................................309 Kh a tam.....................................See Seal Kh a tamun-Nubuwwah.......................310 Khaulah..................................See Zihar Khi d r................................................309 Khilafat............................................313 Khul‘................................................313 Killing...............................................313 Kir a man K a tib i n..............................314 Knowledge......................................315 Kufr..................................................318 L La‘nah....................................See Curse Laghw..............................................320 Lailatul-Qadr.........See Night of Decree Lamp................................................320 Language.........................................320 L a t....................................................321 Lau h.................................................323 Law..................................................321

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~ 600 ~ Lawful.............................................322 Left Hand........................................323 Leper...............................................326 Lesson.............................................324 l ha d.................................................270 Liar..................................................324 Lie 324 Life..................................................324 Light................................................326 Living...............................................326 Loan................................................326 Locust..............................................327 Losers..............................................327 Lot...................................................328 Lote Tree.........................................328 Luqm a n...........................................328 M M a Malakat Aim a nukum................331 Ma‘..................................................330 Madyan...........................................330 Magians..........................................331 Magicians........................................331 Mahd i..............................................331 Mahr.......................See Dower-money Majority..........................................331 Makn u n...........................................331 Malak...................................See Angels Man.................................................332 Man a sik..........................................335 Mankind..........................................335 Manna.............................................334 Mansions........................................337 Maq a m............................................337 Maq a me-Ibr a h i m...........................337 Maq a me-Ma h m u d.........................337 Marital Relations.............See Marriage Marriage.........................................338 Martyrs...........................................341 Mary................................................337 Matter.............................................341 Measure..........................................341 Meat.......................................See Flesh Mecca..............................................341 Meccans..........................................342 Medicine.........................................343 Medinah..........................................343 Mediterranean Sea.........................344 Menstruation...................See Marriage Mercy..............................................344 Mernepta h......................................345 Merodach........................................346 Messengers.....................................346 Metals.............................................350 Metaphor.........................See Parables Meteor............................................350 Mi‘r a j...............................................352 Michael............................................350 Midian...............................See Madyan Mighty Day......................................176 Migration........................................350 Military...................................See Wars Milk.................................................351 Miracles...........................................351 Mischief...........................................352 Misfortune......................................352 M i th a q.............................See Covenant Moderation.....................................353 Modesty..........................................353 Monasticism....................................354 Monotheism...........................See Allah Months............................................353 Moon...............................................354 Moral Traits.....................................354 Mortal...................................See Bashr Moses..............................................364 Mosque...........................................368 Mother of........................................369 Mountains.......................................369 Mu’min.............................See Believers Muhammad sa...................................371 Mu h kam......................See Mutashabih

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~ 601 ~ Mu h sin............................................390 Mun a fiq i n.......................See Hypocrites Murder............................................391 M u s a as..................................See Moses Mushrik i n.........................See Idolaters Muslims..........................................391 Muta‘..............................................394 Mutash a bih.................See Ambiguous Muzdalifah......................................391 N Nafs.................................................395 Nahr................................................395 Najm...............................................395 Najw a..............................................395 Naml................................................396 Naskh...........................See Abrogation N at iq...............................................396 Nature.............................................396 Nearness to Allah...........................397 Negus..............................See Abyssinia New Testament..............................397 New World Order...........................397 Ni‘mat.............................................396 Nicknames......................................398 Night...............................................398 Night Journey...........................See Isr a’ Night of Decree...............................399 Noah...............................................399 Noble Recorders..See Kir a man K a tib i n Number...........................................402 N u r..........................................See Light Nuz u l..................................See Descent O Oaths...............................................403 Obedience.......................................405 Obey................................................404 Ocean........................................See Sea Old Testament.......................See Torah Olive................................................405 Open................................................405 Oppressed.......................................406 Oppressor.....................See Wrongdoer Orbit................................................407 Ornaments......................................407 Orphans...........................................407 Owners of the Elephant..................408 P Pacific Ocean.............................See Sea Pagans......................409, See Idolaters Pairs....................................See Science Paltry price......................................409 Papers..............................................409 Parable of........................................409 Paradise...........................................416 Parents............................................420 Partner...................................See Shirk Party................................................420 Pastime............................................420 Patience...........................................421 Peace...............................................422 Pen..................................................424 People of al- H ijr..............................423 People of Midian.............................424 People of the Book..........................422 People of the Well..........................424 People of the Wood........................424 People of Tubba‘.............................424 Perish...............................................424 Permission.......................................425 Persecution.....................................426 Pharaoh...........................................427 Philosophy.......................................426 Piety................................................428 Pilgrimage.......................................428 Pillars...............................................429

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~ 602 ~ Plague.............................................430 Planets............................................431 Play.................................................430 Pledge.............................................431 Plot..................................................431 Poet.................................................431 Poll Tax...........................................432 Polygamy........................................432 Polytheism......................................432 Pomegranate..................................432 Poor.................................................432 Power..............................................433 Praise.............................See Adoration Prayer..............................................433 Prayers of the Holy Qur’ a n..............435 Preaching........................................440 Pre-destination................................441 Prisoners of War.............................442 Privacy.............................................442 Prohibited........................See Unlawful Promise...........................................443 Promised Day..................................177 Promised Messiah as..............See Ahmad Property..........................................445 Prophecies, in the Holy Qur’ a n.......446 Prophecy.........................................445 Prophethood...................................450 Prophets as.......................................452 Provisions........................................456 Psalms....................................See Zab u r Punishment.....................................458 Purdah.............................................462 Pure.................................................461 Q Qabr................................................464 Qab u l...............................................464 Qada’ Qadr.....................................464 Q a dir...............................................466 Q a r u n....................................See Corah Qiblah..............................................467 Qir a ’at.............................See Recitation Qi sas......................466, See Retaliation Qit a l..........................................See War Qiy a mah............................See Afterlife Qur’ a n..............................................467 Quraysh...........................................467 R Rabwah............................................480 Rafa‘.................................................480 Raiment...........................See Garments Rain..................................................481 Raja‘.................................................481 Raka‘................................................483 Rama da n..............................See Fasting Rameses II........................................484 Rank.................................................484 Ransom.........................See Atonement Read.................................................484 Rebellion...................See Transgression Recitation........................................485 Reckoning........................................485 Recompense.......................See Reward Reconciliation..................................485 Reflect.............................................486 Refuge.............................................486 Relatives..........................................487 Religion............................................487 Remember.......................................489 Repentance......................................490 Requital...........................................491 Respite.............................................491 Resurrection....................................492 Retaliation.......................................493 Retribution......................................493 Revelation........................................493 Revenge...........................................495 Reward............................................496 Rib a.....................................See Interest

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~ 603 ~ Ri d w a n...................496, See H udaibiyah Right hand.......................................497 Righteous........................................497 Rij a ’..................................................500 River................................................501 Rod..................................................501 Romans...........................................502 Rope................................................502 Rows................................................502 R uh...........................................See Soul R uh ul-Am i n.....................................502 R uh ul-Qudus....................................502 Rumours..........................................503 S S a ‘ah................See Allah: knowledge of S a ’ibah................................See Ba hi rah Sab a'................................................504 Sabaeans.........................................504 Sabbath...........................................504 S abian.............................................504 S abr.............................See Moral Traits Sacrifice...........................................505 S adaq a t...................................See Alms S af a wal Marwah............................505 Saint................................................506 Sal a m...............................................506 S al a t......................See Worship, Ka‘bah Sa li h as..............................................510 Salsab i l............................................510 Salvation..........................................510 Salw a....................................See Manna S a mir i..............................................511 S anam.............................................512 Sandhills.................................See A h q a f Satan...............................................512 Saul......................................See Gideon Scandal-Mongering.........................514 Science............................................514 Sea...................................................519 Seal..................................................520 Secret Meetings.....................See Najw a Sects................................................521 Seduce.............................................521 Seir.........................................See P a r a n Self...................................................521 Serpent............................................521 Servant............................................521 Seven or Seventy...................................522 Seven oft-repeated verses...............522 Shar i ‘at............................................522 Sh i ‘ah............................See Sects, Party Ship............................................See Sea Shirk.................................................522 Shu‘aib as...........................................525 Sh u r a...........................See Consultation Signs................................................526 Silver................................................528 Similitudes......................See Parable of Sin528 Sinai.................................................531 Skin..................................................531 Slander.............................................531 Slavery.............................................532 Sleep................................................533 Society.............................................537 Solar System....................................533 Solomon..........................................533 Son of…............................................534 Sonship of God.....................See Trinity Soul..................................................535 Spending..........................................537 Sperm..............................................539 Spiritual Progress.............................539 Spoils...............................................539 Sport................................................539 Spouse.............................................539 Stars........................................See Najm State................................................540 Steadfastness...............See Moral Traits Stealing........................See Moral Traits

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~ 604 ~ Stoning............................................541 Straight Path...................................542 Street..............................................542 Submit.............................................542 Success............................................543 Suck.................................................543 S u h uf...............See Scriptures , Qur' a n , Sun..................................................544 Sunnah............................................544 S u rah...............................................544 Suspicion.........................................544 Sustenance......................................544 Suw a ‘...............................................545 Swine...............................................545 Symbol....................................See Signs Synagogues...........................See Biya‘u T Tablet..............................................546 Tab u k...............................................546 Tafakkur...............................See Reflect Ta gh u t.............................................546 Tahajjud..........................................546 T al a q...................................See Divorce Ta l u t....................................See Gideon Tamarisk..........................................547 Taqd i r..............................................547 Taqiyyah.....................See Concealment Taql i d..............................................547 Taqw a..............................................547 Tasn i m.............................................547 Taubah.........................See Repentance Tau hi d...............See Allah, Shirk, Trinity T aw a f...................See Circumambulate Tawakkul-‘alall a h.............................548 Tayammum.......................See Ablution T ayyib.............................................548 Temporary Marriage.......................548 Ten commandments.......................548 Testimony.......................................549 Tham u d............................................549 Thaur...............................................550 Thaw a b............................................550 Theft.............See Moral Traits: stealing Throne.............................................550 Tilth..................................................551 Tolerance.........................................551 Tongue.............................................551 Tooth...............................................552 Torah...............................................552 Town................................................553 Trade...............................................553 Tranquility.......................................554 Transgression...................................554 Transport.........................................554 Travel...............................................554 Treasure...........................................555 Treaties............................................555 Tree.................................................555 Trench..............................................556 Trial..................................................557 Trinity..............................................557 Trumpet...........................................558 Trusts...............................................558 Truth................................................558 Truthful............................................560 T uw a................................................560 U U h ud................................................561 U lul-Amr..........................................561 Ummah............................................561 Ummah a t............See Wives of the Holy Prophet sa Umm i...............................................561 Umrah..............................................561 Universe...........................................562 Unjust..............................................563 Unlawful..........................................563 Unlettered............................See ’Umm i

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~ 605 ~ Unnecessary queries.......................563 Unseen............................................564 Usury..................................See Interest Uzayr........................................See Ezra Uzz a.................................................564 V Vain.............................See Moral Traits Valley...............................................564 Vegetation.......................................565 Veil......................................See Purdah Vicegerent..........................See Khalifah Vices............................See Moral Traits Vindication......................................565 Virgin...............................................566 Vision..............................................566 W Wa h y..............................See Revelation War.................................................569 Wardens of Fire...............................573 Warner............................................573 Wa si lah..............................See Ba hi rah Watcher..........................................574 Water..............................................574 Way of.............................................574 Wealth.............................................575 Wicked............................................576 Widow.............................................577 Wife........................See Spouse, Wives Will..................................................577 Wind................................................577 Wine................................................579 Wisdom...........................................579 Witness...........................................579 Wives...............................................581 Wives of the Holy Prophet sa............585 Woe.................................................586 Woman............................................586 Worship...........................................587 Wrongdoers....................................588 Wu du.................................See Ablution Y Ya‘q u b.....................................See Jacob Ya‘ u q: Yag u th...................................589 Ya h y a.......................................See John Yathrib.............................................589 Yaum.................................See Day of…: Yaumudd i n......................................589 Youth...............................................590 Y u nus as...................................See Jonah Y u suf as..................................See Joseph Z Zab u r................................................590 Zachariah as.......................................590 Zaid-Zainab ra....................................591 Zak a t................................................591 Zaqq u m............................................591 Zauj......................................See Spouse Z ih a r................................................591 Zin a....................................See Adultery Z i nah................See Adornment, Beauty

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