Conditions of Bai'at and Responsibilities of an Ahmadi

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Shar a ’ t -e-Bai‘at aur Ahmad i k i Dhimmid a riy a n Conditions of Bai‘at & responsibilities of an a h mad i Mirz a Masroor Ahmad

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Conditions of Bai‘at and Responsibilities of an Ahmad i (According to the Holy Qur’ a n, A ha d i th of the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa and sayings of the Promised Messiah as ) English translation of: Shar a ’i t -e-Bai‘at aur Ahmad i k i Dhimmid a riy a n Az r u ’i Qur’an, A ha d i th aur Irsh a d a t-e- Hadrat Aqdas Mas ih -e-Mau ‘u d ‘alaihis-Sal a m Explained by: ( Hadrat) Mirz a Masroor Ahmad (Khalifatul Masih V aba ) Translated by: Translation Team, Jam a ‘at-e-Ahmadiyyah USA.First published in Urdu in the UK in 2004 as: Shar a ’i t -e-Bai‘at aur Ahmad i k i Dhimmid a riy a n First published in English in UK in 2005 (ISBN: 1 85372 769 5).Present English translation (including three additional sermons) published in the UK in 2006.Islam International Publications Ltd.Published by: Islam International Publications Ltd.“Islamabad” Sheephatch Lane Tilford, Surrey GU10 2AQ Printed in the UK at: Raqeem Press Tilford, Surrey GU10 2AQ, UK No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording or any infor- mation storage and retrieval system, without prior written permission from the Publisher.For more information, please visit www.alislam.org.ISBN: 1 85372 768 7

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t a b l e o f c o n t e n t s  f r o n t mat t e r Abbreviations....................................................................ix Transliteration..................................................................xi Glossary........................................................................xiii Foreword.......................................................................xxi The Promised Messiah as.....................................................xxi The Author..................................................................xxvii The Conditions of Bai‘at.................................................xxix pa r t i t e n c o n d i t i o n s i n t r o d u c t i o n , 3 What is Bai‘at?.........................................................................3 Bai‘at Means Handing Over One’s Life to Almighty Allah....................................................................4 Divine Commandment to Take Bai‘at.....................................8 Aims and Objectives of Bai‘at................................................10 Beginning of the System of Bai‘at..........................................11

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I iv c o n d i t i o n i , 1 5 Almighty Allah Will Not Forgive Shirk..................................15 Diverse Forms of Shirk...........................................................17 c o n d i t i o n i i , 2 1 Falsehood—the Greatest of Evils............................................21 Keep Away From Adultery....................................................28 Keep Away From the Trespasses of the Eye...........................29 Keep Away From Wickedness and Immorality.......................33 Keep Away From Cruelty......................................................36 Keep Away From Dishonesty................................................40 Keep Away From Mischief....................................................41 Keep Away From the Ways of Rebellion...............................43 Do Not be Carried Away by Passion.....................................45 c o n d i t i o n i i i , 5 1 Observe Five Daily Prayers....................................................51 Be Regular in Tahajjud..........................................................57 Be Very Regular in Sending Dur u d Upon the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa..........................................60 Be Regular in Istighf a r...........................................................64 Istighf a r and Repentance........................................................68 Always Express Gratitude to Allah..........................................69

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Table of Contents v c o n d i t i o n i v, 7 7 Adopt Forgiveness and Forbearance.......................................79 Do Not Cause Harm to Anyone...........................................81 Adopt Meekness and Humility..............................................88 c o n d i t i o n v, 9 1 Sufferings of a Muslim are an Expiation for Sins....................93 Real Time to Show Patience is When Tragedy Strikes..........95 You Are the Last Jam a ‘at Established by Allah.......................97 Those Who Belong to the Promised Messiah as Cannot be Separated From Him........................................99 Steadfastness........................................................................100 c o n d i t i o n v i , 1 0 3 Evolving Innovations and Rituals Deserve to be Rejected.................................................................107 The Holy Qur’an is Our Guide to Islamic Teachings...........110 Your Life Lies in the Holy Qur’an.......................................112 c o n d i t i o n v i i , 1 2 1 Next to Shirk , There is no Affliction Like Arrogance...........121 Arrogant Shall Never Enter Paradise....................................127 Deep Connection Between Arrogance and Satan.................129 Arrogance is Most Displeasing in the Sight of Allah............132 Status of the Meek in the Eyes of the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa.................................................136

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I vi c o n d i t i o n v i i i , 1 3 9 Essence of Islamic Teachings................................................141 Revival of Islam Demands a Ransom from Us.....................143 Means of Obtaining Salvation From Sin— Certainty of Faith.............................................................145 c o n d i t i o n i x , 1 4 9 Kind Treatment to All.........................................................150 The Promised Messiah as and His Concern for Humanity......164 c o n d i t i o n x , 1 6 9 Definition of ‘Ma‘r u f’ and ‘Ghair Ma‘r u f’............................173 Superior Example of Obedience..........................................179 Whatever Promised Messiah as Attained was by Following the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa.......................181 Submission Under All Circumstances...................................186 Who Enters the Jam a ‘at.......................................................188 Develop Brotherhood and Love Among Yourselves and a True Relationship With Allah the Almighty.....................191 Two Benefits of Bai‘at at the Hand of Promised Messiah as...........................................................193 The Promised Messiah as —the Strong Fort of Protection for Our Times..................................................................193

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Table of Contents vii pa r t i i the spiritual revolution s e r m o n i , 1 9 9 Rejoice That Henceforth You Shall Forever Remain Under ‘Ma‘r u f’ Decisions............................................................199 Explanation of Obedience to the Directives Based on Goodness.........................................................................200 Spiritual Revolution Brought about by the Promised Messiah as.....................................................207 Shunning Shirk....................................................................207 Not to be Overpowered by Sinful Passions..........................209 Regularity in Prayers and Zest for Tahajjud.........................211 Suppressing the Impulses of Passion.....................................219 s e r m o n i i , 2 2 3 Fidelity with Allah the Almighty in Conditions of Hardships and Comfort..............................223 Model of Hadrat Maulav i Burh a n-ud-D i n ra.........................226 An Unparalleled Example of Patience..................................228 Staying Away from Bad Customs.........................................229 Unparalleled Examples of Obedience...................................231 Lottery is Not Permissible....................................................233 Prohibition of Alcohol.........................................................234 Love of the Holy Qur’an.....................................................234 Meekness and Humility.......................................................238 Staying Away from Arrogance.............................................242

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I viii Giving Precedence to Faith Over Worldly Considerations...243 s e r m o n i i i , 2 5 3 Matchless Examples of Devotion, Loyalty and Service of Humanity........................................................255 Ahmad i Doctors Should Devote..........................................257 Devotion to the Promised Messiah as.....................................268 Obligations of the Progeny of Sincere Elders........................275 Admission by the Non-Ahmad i s..........................................276 b ac k mat t e r Index of Names...........................................................2 7 9 Verses of the Holy Qur’an, (chapter index)..........................2 8 3 Subject Index..............................................................2 8 5

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a b b r e v i a t i o n s  The following abbreviations have been used.Readers are urged to recite the full salutations: sa s al-lall a hu ‘alaihi wa sallam , meaning ‘may the peace and blessings of Allah be upon him’ is written after the name of the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa.as ‘alaihis sal a m , meaning ‘may peace be upon him’ is written after the names of Prophets other than the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa.ra ra d i-All a hu ‘anhu/‘anh a /‘anhum , meaning ‘may Allah be pleased with him/her/them’ is written after the names of the Companions of the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa or of the Promised Messiah as.rta ra h matull a h ‘alaih , meaning ‘may Allah shower His mercy upon him’ is written after the names of deceased pious Muslims who are not Companions of the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa or of the Promised Messiah as.aba ayyadahull a hu ta ‘a l a bi na s rihil ‘az i z , meaning ‘may Allah support him with His Mighty Help’ is written after the name of the current Khalifah of the Promised Messiah as.

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t r a n s l i t e r a t i o n  This book uses the following system of transliteration adopted by the Royal Asiatic Society.at the beginning of a word, pronounced as a , i , u preceded by a very slight aspiration, like h in the English word honour.th , pronounced like th in the English word thing.h , a guttural aspirate, stronger than h.kh , pronounced like the Scotch ch in loch.dh , pronounced like the English th in that.s , strongly articulated s.d , similar to the English th in this.t , strongly articulated palatal t.z , strongly articulated z.‘, a strong guttural sound, the pronunciation of which must be learnt by the ear.gh , a sound approached very nearly by r in the French grasseye and also the German r.It requires the muscles of the throat to be in the gargling position whilst pronouncing it.

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I xii q , a deep guttural k sound.’ , a sort of catch in the voice.Short vowels are represented by ‘ a’ for (like ‘u’ in ‘ bud’ ); ‘ i’ for (like ‘ i’ in ‘ bid’ ); ‘ u’ for (like ‘ oo’ in ‘wood’ ); the long vowels by ‘ a’ for or (like ‘ a’ in ‘ father’ ); ‘i’ for or (like ‘ ee’ in ‘deep’ ); ‘ ai’ for (like ‘ i’ in ‘ site’ ); ‘ u’ for (like ‘ oo’ in ‘ root’ ): ‘ au’ for, (resembling ‘ ou’ in ‘ sound’ ).Please note that in transliterated words the letter ‘ e’ is to be pronounced as in ‘prey’ which rhymes with ‘ day ’; however the pronunciation is flat without the element of English diphthong.If in Urdu and Persian words, letter ‘e’ is length- ened a bit more it is transliterated as ‘ei’ , to be pronounced as ‘ ei’ in ‘ feign’ without the element of diphthong; thus is transliterated as ‘ Kei’.For the nasal sound of ‘ n’ we have used the symbol ‘ n ’.Thus Urdu word would be trans- literated as ‘ mei n ’.1 The consonants not included in the above list have the same phonetic value as in the principal languages of Europe.1.These transliterations are not included in the system of transliteration by Royal Asiatic Society.

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g l o s s a r y  Allah —Allah is the personal name of God in Islam.To show proper reverence to Him, Muslims often add Ta‘ a l a , ‘the Most High’, when saying His Holy name.Adh a n —The formal call for Islamic daily Prayers.A ha d i th —Plural of h ad i th , See H ad i th.Ahmad i Muslim or an Ahmad i —A member of the Ahmadiyyah Muslim Jam a ‘at.Ahmadiyyah Muslim Jam a ‘at —(Also Ahmadiyyah) The Community of Muslims who accept the claims of Hadrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as of Qadian as being the Promised Messiah and Mahd i ; the Jam a ‘at was established by Hadrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as in 1889, and is now under the leadership of his fifth Khalifah , Hadrat Mirz a Masroor Ahmad aba.Al-Im a m al-Mahd i —The title given to the Promised Reformer by the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa ; it means guided leader.A m i n —May Allah make it so.Asfal-us-S a f ili n —The lowest of the low.Assal a mo ‘Alaikum —Peace be unto you.An Islamic salutation.

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I xiv Bai‘at —Oath of allegiance to a religious leader; initiation at the hands of a Prophet or his Khalifah.Bukh ari —A book of a ha d i th (the sayings) of the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa compiled by Hadrat Imam Muhammad Bin Ism a‘i l Bukh ari rta (194H-256H).This book of a ha d i th is believed to be the most authentic book after the Holy Qur’an.Chandah —Monetary contributions or donations.Dajj a l —A term in Arabic that literally means, ‘the great deceiver.’ In Islamic terminology ‘ Dajj a l ’ refers to those satanic forces that would be unleashed in the Latter Days to oppose the Promised Messiah as and al-Imam al-Mahd i.A similar prophecy in the Christian faith about the appearance of the Antichrist refers to the same phenomenon, and we have therefore translated the term ‘ Dajj a l ’ as ‘Antichrist’.Dur u d —Invocation of blessings upon the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa.Du‘ a ’ —Prayer or supplication.E i d —A Muslim feast day; Islamic celebrations at the end of Rama da n and at the conclusion of Pilgrimage.Gha dd- e-Ba s ar —A term in the Holy Qur’an that literally means ‘keeping the eyes cast down’.Ghafara —A term in the Holy Qur’an that literally means ‘covering and suppressing’.H ad i th —A saying of the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa.The plural is a ha d i th.

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Glossary xv Hadrat —A term of respect used for a person of established righteousness and piety.H ajj —Pilgrimage to the House of Allah in Mecca, Arabia; also known as the fifth pillar of Islam.H al a l —Lawful, permissible or pure.H ar a m —Unlawful, forbidden or impure.H aq-Mehr —The money [or gift] a husband either gives or promises to give to his wife; it is announced at the time of nik ah.Holy Prophet sa —A term used exclusively for Hadrat Muhammad sa , the Prophet of Islam.Holy Qur’an —The Book sent by Allah for the guidance of mankind.It was revealed to the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa over a period of twenty-three years.H u du r —Your Holiness; His Holiness.Ijtim a ‘ —Gathering of members of an organisation.Plural is ijtim a‘a t.Imam —The Arabic word for a leader.The head of the Ahmadiyyah Muslim Jam a ‘at is also referred to as the Imam.Insh a’ Allah —An Arabic term meaning ‘God-willing’.Istighf a r —Seeking Allah’s forgiveness.Istikh a rah —A special Prayer made to seek guidance from Allah before making an important decision.Jalsah S a l a nah —Annual convention or gathering.

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I xvi Jam a ‘at —Jam a ‘at means community.Although the word Jam a ‘at itself may refer to any community, in this book, Jam a ‘at specifically refers to the Ahmadiyyah Muslim Jam a ‘at.Jizyah —A tax paid in lieu of military service by non- Muslims living in a Muslim State.Kalimah Shah a dah —The declaration of the Islamic faith: to bear witness that there is none worthy of worship except Allah, He is One, without any associate, and to bear witness that the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa is His servant and His Messenger; also known as the first pillar of Islam.Khalifah —Caliph is derived from the Arabic word Khalifah , which herein means the successor.Khulaf a ’ is the plural of Khalifah.In Islamic terminology, the title ‘Khal i fa-e- R a shid’ [righteous Khalif a h’] is applied to one of the first four khulaf a ’ who continued the mission of the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa.Ahmad i Muslims refer to each successor of the Promised Messiah as as Khalifatul Masih.Khalifatul Masih I — Hadrat Khalifatul Masih I, H ak i m Maul a n a N u r-ud-D i n ra (1841–1914), the first person to do the bai‘at at the hand of the Promised Messiah as , was elected as the first Khalifah after the demise of the Promised Messiah as.The Promised Messiah as has highly appreciated his faith, sincerity and sacrifices and has regarded him as a model for everybody in the ummah.Khalifatul Masih II — Hadrat Khalifatul Masih II, Mirz a Bashir-ud-Din Ma h m u d Ahmad ra (1889–1965), was the

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Glossary xvii second successor of the Promised Messiah as.He is also called Mu s le h -e-Mau ‘u d (Promised Son) because he was born in accordance with the prophecy made by the Promised Messiah as in 1886 concerning the birth of a righ- teous son who would be endowed with unique abilities and attributes.Khalifatul Masih III — Hadrat Khalifatul Masih III, Ha fi z Mirz a N as ir Ahmad rta (1909–1982), was the grandson of the Promised Messiah as and his third successor.Before being elected as Khalifah, he served in many key positions in the Jama'at.Khalifatul Masih IV — Hadrat Khalifatul Masih IV, Mirz a Ta hir Ahmad rta (1928–2003), was the fourth successor of the Promised Messiah as.He was the grandson of the Founder of the Ahmadiyyah Muslim Jam a ‘at, Hadrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, the Promised Messiah as.Khalifatul Masih V — Hadrat Khalifatul Masih V, Mirz a Masroor Ahmad aba , is the fifth successor of the Promised Messiah as and the current Imam of Jam a ‘at-e-Ahmadiyyah.He is the great grandson of the Promised Messiah as.Khilafat —The institution of successorship in Islam.Khudd a m-ul-Ahmadiyyah —An organisation of Ahmad i s between the ages of fifteen and forty years.Kufr —A term in Arabic that literally means ‘disbelief ’.Lajnah Im a ’ill a h —An organisation of Ahmad i women above the age of fifteen years.

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I xviii Mahd i —‘The guided one.’ This is the title given by the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa to the awaited Reformer of the Latter Days.Maul ana or Maulav i —A Muslim religious cleric.Nik ah —The announcement of marriage in Islam.Mullah —A Muslim religious cleric.Muttaq i —A term in Arabic that literally means ‘righteous person’.Nafs —A term in Arabic that literally means ‘self ’.Nafs-e-’Amm a rah —A term in the Holy Qur’an that liter- ally means ‘the self that incites to evil’.Naw a fil —Optional or supererogatory Prayers.(The) Promised Messiah —This term refers to the Founder of the Ahmadiyyah Muslim Jam a ‘at, Hadrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as of Qadian.He claimed that he had been sent by Allah in accordance with the prophecies of the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa concerning the coming of al-Imam al-Mahd i and Messiah from among the Muslims.Purdah —From the Hindi term parda , which literally means ‘veil’; a state of seclusion or concealment.Rak‘at— One unit of formal worship prescribed in Islam.Plural of rak‘at is rak‘ a t.Ruk u ‘ —The bowing down position in the Prayer.

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Glossary xix Sahib —A term of respect for a man, similar to the diversity of English terms like mister or sir.S adaqah —Charity or alms.The plural is S adaq a t.Sal a m —An Islamic salutation of peace.S al a t —Five daily Prayers that are obligatory for Muslims.S al a t-ul-Witr —Three rak ‘a t of Prayer offered either at the end of ‘Ish a ’ Prayer or Tahajjud Prayer.Shar i ‘ah —Islamic religious law.Shirk —Associating partners with Allah.Su f i —An Islamic mystic.Sunnah —Traditions of the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa of Islam.S u rah —A term in Arabic referring to a chapter of the Holy Qur’an.Tabligh —Preaching or propagating the message of Islam and Ahmadiyyat.Literally means conveying (the message).Tahajjud Prayer —Optional Prayer of great merit offered in the latter part of the night; pre-dawn formal Islamic worship.Taqw a —A term in Arabic that literally means ‘righteous- ness’.Tau hi d —The fundamental Islamic belief that there is none worthy of being worshipped except Allah.

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I xx ‘Ulema —A class of Muslim scholars.Ummah —The larger community of Muslims.Wal i mah —Reception given by the husband after the marriage has been consummated.Wa si lah —Intermediation, intercession.Zak a t —A term in Arabic that literally means ‘increase’ or ‘purification’; technically signifies the obligatory alms prescribed in Islam.

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In the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful We praise Him and invoke His blessings upon His Noble Messenger f o r e w o r d  By the immense grace and mercy of Allah, we have been blessed to accept the Promised Messiah and Mahd i Hadrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as of Qadian, whose advent was proph- esied by the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa.Al h amdolillah.When the Promised Messiah as was granted permission by Allah to take bai‘at , he published an announcement called Ishtih a r Takm i l-e-Tabligh on January 12, 1889, which mentions the Ten Conditions of Bai‘at.Anyone who joins the Jam a ‘at of the Promised Messiah as pledges to abide by these Conditions.It is essential for all followers of the Promised Messiah as to understand the details of these Conditions and to strive to follow them.For our guidance and benefit, Hadrat Mirz a Masroor Ahmad, Khalifatul Masih V aba , has eloquently explained these conditions of bai‘at in light of the Holy Qur’an, A ha d i th of the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa and sayings and writings of the Promised Messiah as.H u du r aba discussed the first three condi-

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I xxii tions of bai‘at in his concluding address at the Annual Convention of the Ahmadiyyah Muslim Jam a ‘at UK, on July 27, 2003.In his concluding address at the Annual Convention of the Ahmadiyyah Muslim Jam a ‘at Germany, on August 24, 2003, H u du r aba explained the fourth, fifth and sixth condi- tions of bai‘at.On August 29, 2003 in his Friday Sermon, H u du r aba explained the seventh and eighth conditions of bai‘at in Frankfurt, Germany.The ninth condition was addressed in his Friday sermon on September 12, 2003 at the Fa d l Mosque in London.Finally, the tenth condition of bai‘at was addressed in his Friday sermon on September 19, 2003 at the Fa d l Mosque in London.These were followed by three Friday sermons on September 26, October 10, and October 17, 2003 in which H u du r aba narrated the marvelous spiritual changes which took place among the Ahmad i s after taking the pledge.These speeches and sermons were delivered by H u du r aba in Urdu.After his additional revisions, the sermons on the conditions of bai‘it were published in book form in July 2004 and the English translation was published in July 2005.We are now pleased to bring out the present edition which includes the three sermons on the spiritual changes resulting from bai‘at.In translating the verses of the Holy Qur’an, we have followed the translation given by the revered speaker in Urdu.When he did not translate any verse we have adopted the translation made by Hadrat Khalifatul Masih IV rta (if available) or by Maulav i Sher ‘Al i ra.It should also be noted that the ‘new edition’ of Malf uza t refers to the edition published recently in five volumes from Qadian.References to Malf uza t that do not specify ‘new edition’ refer to the edition published

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Foreword xxiii in the United Kingdom in 1984; and references to the books of the Promised Messiah as are all based on the United Kingdom edition.The translation was prepared by the Translation Team of Jam a ‘at-e-Ahmadiyyah USA working under the direction of Vak a lat-e-Ta s n i f London.The translators are: Dr.Fa d l Ahmad, Dr.Khal i l Malik, Mubashar Ahmad and Munawar A h med Sa‘eed.Important contributions in finalizing the document were made by ‘Abdul-Wah a b Mirz a , Ahmad Ta riq, Amjad Ma h mood Kh a n, Bil a l R a n a , Dawood Khokhar, Fouz a n P a l, Dr.Kar i mull a h Z i rv i , Usm a n Choudhary, and Usm a n Kh a n.Several Lajnah members worked on the initial drafts and the final editing of the translation.May Allah the Almighty reward all of them abundantly, ( A m i n ).May Allah the Almighty enable us to understand truly and to abide by these Conditions faithfully, and may He enable us to become true Ahmad i s as the Promised Messiah as desired.( A m i n ).Mun i r-ud-D i n Shams Additional Vak i l-ut-Ta s n i f May 2006

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t h e p r o m i s e d m e s s i a h  The worldwide Ahmadiyyah Muslim Jam a ‘at was founded in 1889.Its Founder, Hadrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad [may peace be on him] of Qadian, India, claimed to be the Promised Reformer whose advent was awaited under different names and titles by the adherents of various religions.Under Divine guidance, Hadrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as revealed that only one such reformer was to appear and that his mission was to bring mankind into the fold of a single universal religion, Islam.He also maintained that the Promised Reformer was to appear as a subordinate and follower of the Holy Prophet of Islam, Hadrat Muhammad [may peace and blessings of Allah be upon him]—in accordance with the prophecies by him about the second coming of Messiah and the appearance of al- Imam, al-Mahd i.He claimed to be the person in whom these prophecies were fulfiled.

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t h e a u t h o r  Hadrat Mirz a Masroor Ahmad, Khalifatul Masih V aba , is currently the supreme head of the worldwide Ahmadiyyah Muslim Community.He is the fifth successor and great grandson of the Promised Messiah and Reformer, Hadrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as of Qadian.He was elected to this position in London, England by an electoral college on April 22, 2003, a few days after the death of his predecessor, Hadrat Mirz a Ta hir Ahmad, Khalifatul Masih IV rta.Hadrat Mirz a Masroor Ahmad aba did his primary educa- tion at Ta‘l i m-ul-Islam High School Rabwah, and obtained his BA from Ta‘l i m-ul-Islam (TI) College Rabwah, Pakistan.In 1976 he earned his Masters of Science degree in Agricultural Economics from the Agriculture University Faisalabad, Pakistan.Prior to his being elected as Khalifah, Hadrat Mirz a Masroor Ahmad aba accumulated an impressive record of humanitarian services that underscore his commitment to education and philanthropy.His altruistic endeavours took him to Ghana in 1977 where, for several years, he served as a principal of various Ahmadiyyah Muslim schools.He helped to inaugurate the Ahmadiyyah Secondary School Salaga, where he served as principal for the school’s first two years.Hadrat Mirz a Masroor Ahmad aba was able to make use of the knowledge of his studied discipline, agricultural economics, to carry out research about wheat production in

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I xxviii Ghana.The first successful experiment of planting, growing and nurturing wheat as an economic crop in Ghana was exhibited at an international trade fair and the results were submitted to the Ministry of Agriculture of Ghana.In December of 1997, Hadrat Mirz a Masroor Ahmad aba was appointed to the office of N az ir-e-A‘l a (chief executive director) of the S adr Anjuman Ahmadiyyah Pakistan.In 1999, Hadrat Mirz a Masroor Ahmad aba was falsely charged with blasphemy and wrongly accused of defaming verses of the Holy Qur’an.He was arrested and imprisoned for eleven days in his hometown of Rabwah until it was shown that the charges brought against him were entirely unfounded.Hadrat Mirz a Masroor Ahmad aba currently resides in London, England.As spiritual leader of Ahmad i Muslims all over the world, he vigorously champions the cause of Islam through a refreshing message of peace and compassion.

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t e n c o n d i t i o n s o f b a i ‘ a t Initiation Into the Ahmadiyyah Muslim Jam a ‘at  I The initiate shall solemnly promise that he/she shall abstain from shirk [associating any partner with God] right up to the day of his/her death.II That he/she shall keep away from falsehood, fornication/adultery, trespasses of the eye, debauchery, dissipation, cruelty, dishonesty, mischief and rebellion; and that he/she will not permit himself/herself to be carried away by passions, however strong they might be.III That he/she shall regularly offer the five daily Prayers in accordance with the commandments of God and the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa and shall try his/her best to be regular in offering the tahajjud and invoking dur u d on the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa.That he/she shall make it his/her daily routine to ask forgiveness for his/her sins, to remember the bounties of God and to praise and glorify Him.

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I xxx IV That under the impulse of any passions, he/she shall cause no harm whatsoever to the creatures of God in general and Muslims in particular, neither by his/her tongue, hands, nor any other means.V That he/she shall remain faithful to God in all circumstances of life, in sorrow and in happiness, in adversity and in prosperity, in felicity and in trial; and that he/she shall in all conditions remain resigned to the decree of God and keep himself/ herself ready to face all kinds of indignities and sufferings in His way and shall never turn away from Him at the onslaught of any misfortune; on the contrary, he/she shall march forward.VI That he/she shall refrain from following un- Islamic customs and lustful inclinations and shall completely submit himself/herself to the authority of the Holy Qur’an; and that he/she shall make the Word of God and the sayings of the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa his/her guiding principles in every walk of his/her life.

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Ten Conditions of Bai‘at xxxi VII That he/she shall entirely give up pride and vanity and shall pass all his/her life in humbleness, cheerfulness, forbearance and meekness.VIII That he/she shall hold faith, the honour of faith and the cause of Islam dearer than his/her life, wealth, honour, children, and all loved ones.IX That he/she shall keep himself/herself occupied in the service of God’s creatures for His sake only and shall endeavour towards the beneficence of mankind to the best of his/her God-given abilities and powers.X That he/she shall enter into a bond of brotherhood with this humble servant of God, pledging obedience to me in everything good for the sake of God, and remain faithful to it until the day of his/her death.That he/she shall exert such a high devotion in the observance of this bond as is not to be found in any other worldly relationship and connection that demand devoted dutifulness.(Ishtih a r Takm i l-e-Tabligh, January 12, 1889)

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pa r t i responsibilities of an a h mad i

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i n t r o d u c t i o n  [From the concluding address delivered at the Annual Convention of the Ahmadiyyah Muslim Jam a ‘at, United Kingdom, on July 27, 2003, in which first three conditions of bai‘at were explained in detail.] S o me members of the Jam a ‘at have written to me saying that: ‘We have renewed our bai‘at [pledge of initiation] at your hand and have pledged to abide by the conditions of bai‘at , but we do not have full awareness and knowledge of those ten Conditions.’ I thought that I should address this subject on the occasion of the Annual Convention 1 today.Since the subject is long I cannot cover all conditions now but I will only cover a few.I will insh a ’Allah continue this subject in a subsequent Friday sermon or some other occasion.1.Reference is to the concluding address delivered at the Annual Convention of the Ahmadiyyah Muslim Jam a ‘at, United Kingdom on July 27, 2003, in which first three con- ditions of bai‘at were explained in detail.

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 4 What is Bai‘at? The first question is: What is bai‘at ? To explain it, I will quote some a ha d i th of the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa and sayings of the Promised Messiah as.The Promised Messiah as says: Bai‘at truly means to sell oneself; its blessings and impact are based on that condition.Just as a seed is sown into the ground, its original condition is that the hand of the farmer has sown it, but it is not known what will happen to it.If the seed is of a good quality and possesses the capacity to grow, then with the grace of Allah the Almighty, and as a conse- quence of the work done by the farmer, it grows until one grain turns into a thousand grains.Similarly, the person taking bai‘at has to first adopt lowliness and humility and has to distance himself from his ego and selfishness.Then that person becomes fit for growth.But he who continues to hold on to his ego, along with taking bai‘at , will never receive any grace.( Malf uza t , vol.6, p.173) Bai‘at Means Handing Over One’s Life to Almighty Allah The Promised Messiah as further says: To take bai‘at means handing over your life to Almighty Allah.It means, ‘Today we have sold our life to Almighty Allah.’ It is wrong to say that by treading in the path of Allah anybody would ultimately suffer a loss.The truthful can never be in a state of loss.Only he who is false—i.e., who, for worldly gain,

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Introduction 5 breaks the pledge that he has made with Almighty Allah— suffers loss.One who commits such an action because of the fear of the world should remember that at the time of his death no ruler or king of this world would come to procure his release.He has to present himself to the Judge of all the judges, Who will enquire of him, ‘Why did you not honour Me?’ Therefore, it is essential for all the believers to believe in Allah, Who is the King of the heavens and earth and to make a true repentance.( Malf uza t , vol.7, pp.29–30) These sayings of the Promised Messiah as make it very obvious what bai‘at is.If each one of us recognises that, ‘My person does not now belong to me; I now have to abide by all injunctions of Almighty Allah under all circumstances and have to follow them faithfully, and make all acts of mine subservient to the pleasure of Allah,’ that would be a summary of the ten conditions of bai‘at.I will now present a few a ha d i th in which the subject of bai‘at is treated in different ways.‘ A ’idhull a h Bin ‘Abdull a h ra narrates that: ‘Ub a dah Bin A s - Sa mit ra was among the Companions ra who joined the battle of Badr and also took part in bai‘at at ‘Aqabah.‘Ub a dah Bin A s - Sa mit ra told ‘ A ’idhull a h Bin ‘Abdull a h ra that the Holy Prophet sa said at the time when a group of his Companions ra were around him: Come and take a bai‘at upon the condition:

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 6 that you will not associate anything with Allah, nor will you steal, nor will you commit adultery 2 , nor will you kill your children, nor will you slander, nor will you disobey me in anything good I ask you to do.So anyone of you who will prove true to this pledge of bai‘at , his reward is with Almighty Allah.Whoever falls short of fulfiling this pledge and suffers a loss in this world, his loss will become expiation for him.And he who falls short of fulfiling this pledge of bai‘at , and Almighty Allah covers his faults, his affair is with Almighty Allah; if He wills, He may punish him, and if He wills, He may forgive him.’ ( S a hih Al-Bukh ari , Kit ab u Man aq ibil An sa ri, B a bu Wuf u dil An sa ri Ilan-Nabiyyi Bi Makkata Wa Bai‘atil ‘Aqabah) Then there are other a ha d i th Hadrat ‘Ub a dah Bin A s - Sa mit ra narrates that, ‘We pledged at the hand of the Holy Prophet sa on the condition that we will listen and obey during the times of comfort and also during the times of hardship, during periods of joy and also during periods of pain, and that we will not argue with those in authority, and wherever we might be, we will hold fast to truth and will not be afraid of the objections of any critics.’ ( Sunan Al-Nasa’ i , Kit ab- ul-Bai‘ati, B a bul Bai‘ati ‘Alas Sam‘i Wa t Ta ‘ah) 2.The word adultery as used in this booklet covers all sexual relations outside the system of legitimate marriage.

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Introduction 7 Mother of the faithful, Hadrat ‘A ishah ra relates that, ‘The Holy Prophet sa used to take the pledge from the women in accordance with the verse of the Holy Qur’an: 3 ‘O Prophet! when believing women come to thee, taking the oath of allegiance at thy hands that they will not associate anything with Allah, and that they will not steal, and will not commit adultery, nor kill their children, nor bring forth a scandalous charge which they themselves have deliberately forged, nor disobey thee in what is right, then accept their allegiance and ask Allah to forgive them.Verily, Allah is Most Forgiving, Merciful.’ Hadrat ‘A ishah ra continues that: At the time of taking the pledge, the hand of the Holy Prophet sa never touched the hand of any woman except those who belonged to his household.( Sa hih Al-Bukh ari , Kit a b-ul- A h kami, B a bu Bai‘atin Nis a ’i) Even before the Promised Messiah as started taking bai‘at , some pious Muslims were troubled by the conditions which had fallen upon Islam and felt that the only person who could save the ark of Islam from drowning and who had true sympathy for Islam was Hadrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad Q a dian i as , and that he was the al-Imam and al-Mahd i.Therefore, people used 3.( al-Mumta h inah , 60:13)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 8 to request of him to take their pledge, but he always responded: ‘I have not been commissioned.’ He once wrote to Maulav i ‘Abdul Q a dir Sahib ra , care of M i r ‘Abb a s ‘Al i Sahib, that: The nature of this humble one is overpowered with the Unity of God and committing all affairs to Allah, and… since Almighty Allah has not conveyed anything to me in the matter of bai‘at , it is not proper that I should do so on my own initiative.4 Maulav i Sahib should continue to strive to foster the brother- hood in faith and nurture this tree with the pure water of sincerity and love.This method will God-willing prove bene- ficial.( H ay a t-e-Ahmad , vol.2, No.2, pp.12–13) Divine Commandment to Take Bai‘at After six to seven years, in the first quarter of year 1888, Almighty Allah commanded the Promised Messiah as to take 4.It is possible that the Almighty Allah may reveal something later.

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Introduction 9 bai‘at.The divine commandment was conveyed in the following words: ( Ishtih a r , December 01, 1888, p.2) That is: And when you made up your mind, then trust Allah.And, make an ark before Our eyes and according to Our revelation.Those who take a pledge at your hand take a pledge with Allah.Allah’s hand is above their hands.The Promised Messiah as , because of his nature, disliked that all types of people should join in his bai‘at.His heart-felt desire was that only such blessed people whose nature was firmly established on fidelity should join this blessed Jam a ‘at.There- fore, he waited for an occasion that should distinguish between those who were faithful and those who were hypo- crites.Allah the Most Glorious, through His perfect wisdom and mercy, created that occasion in the same year in November 1888 by the death of Bash i r I (who was the son of the Promised Messiah as ).As a consequence, there was a huge commotion raised against him.Many people of weak faith separated themselves from him.The Promised Messiah as considered this an appropriate occasion to start the Ahmadiyyah Muslim Jam a ‘at.On December 1 st 1888, he made a general announcement for bai‘at.The Promised Messiah as also directed that those who come for bai‘at should first perform istikh a rah 5 , according to the traditions of the

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 10 Holy Prophet Muhammad sa.( From Ishtih a r Takm i l-e-Tabligh , Jan 12, 1889) That is to say, they should first pray, then perform istikh a rah , and then take bai‘at.After publishing this announcement, the Promised Messiah as moved from Qadian to Ludhiana and stayed at the house of Hadrat Sufi Ahmad J a n in Ma h alla Jad i d.( H ay a t-e- Ahmad , vol.3, Part I, p.15) Aims and Objectives of Bai‘at From Ludhiana, the Promised Messiah as published another announcement, on March 4 th 1889, explaining the aims and objectives of bai‘at.He said: This system of bai‘at has been established solely to gather together a group of the righteous people in a Jam a ‘at so that a weighty group of the righteous people should make a holy impact on the world.The unity of these righteous people should be a source of blessings, grandeur, and positive results for Islam.The blessings of being united on one creed may enable them to perform noble and righteous services for the sake of Islam.They may not be lazy, stingy, and useless Muslims; nor should they be like the unworthy ones who have done great damage to Islam because of their discord and disunity; nor such as have vitiated Islam’s beautiful counte- nance with their unholy conditions; nor should they be like those heedless dervishes and hermits who have no awareness 5.A special Prayer made to seek guidance from Allah before making an important decision.

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Introduction 11 of what Islam needs, nor have any sympathy for their brothers, nor have any enthusiasm to do good deeds for humanity.Rather, they should be such sympathisers of the nation that they should become a refuge for the poor and fathers for the orphans.In the service of Islam, they should be willing to sacrifice themselves like one overpowered with love.All their efforts should be devoted to spread Islam’s blessings throughout the world so that a pure fountain of the love of Allah and sympathy for humanity may flow from every heart and, being combined in one place, should look like a flowing river….Almighty Allah desires to manifest His Glory and demonstrate His Omnipotence through this group, and then He desires to grant it further progress so that the world may be filled with the love of Allah, true repentance, purity, true goodness, peace, reconciliation, and sympathy for mankind.This group will be a special group of Allah, and He will grant them power through His Own Spirit, and He will safeguard them from unholy life, and He will bring about a pure change in their life.As He has promised in His holy glad tidings, He will increase this group tremendously and thousands of the truthful will join it.He Himself will irrigate it and make it prosper until its numbers and blessings will be a source of marvel for all who see.Like a lamp placed high, they will spread their light on all sides of the world, and they will be considered an example of the blessings of Islam.Allah will grant all kinds of blessings to the perfect followers of this Movement, and He will grant them victory over all others.Upto the Day of Judgement, there will be people among them who will be granted divine acceptance and succour.This is what the Glorious God has desired; He is All-Powerful and

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 12 does what He desires.All strength and power belong to Him.( Majm u ‘ah Ishtih a r a t, vol.1, pp.196-198) In the same announcement, the Promised Messiah as said that those who wish to make bai‘at should arrive in Ludhiana after March 20, 1889.Beginning of the System of Bai‘at In accordance with the above announcement, the Promised Messiah as took the pledge of allegiance on March 23, 1889 at the house of Hadrat Sufi Ahmad J a n Sahib located in Ma h alla Jad i d.As narrated by Hadrat Munsh i ‘Abdull a h ra of Sanour, a register was prepared to record this historical event.It was called bai‘at for repentance, seeking righteousness and purification.In those days, the Promised Messiah as used to invite people one by one to take bai‘at in a room and then he took bai‘at from each person individually.The first person whose bai‘at was accepted was Hadrat Maul ana N u r-ud-D i n ra.Admon- ishing those who took this bai‘at , the Promised Messiah as said: By joining this Jam a ‘at, you should bring about a complete transformation in your former life so that you have true faith in Allah, and He becomes your Helper in all calamities.You should not take His ordinances lightly, but should rather honour every one of His commandments and prove such honour in your actions.To turn towards worldly means for various reasons and to place your trust in them instead of trusting Allah amount to making partners with Allah, as if you were denying the exist- ence of God.You should consider worldly means only to the

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Introduction 13 extent that they do not amount to associating partners with Allah.My way is that I do not forbid you from using the worldly means, but I do forbid you from placing your trust in them.Your hand should be engaged in work, but your heart should be attached to the True Beloved.He also said: All of you who have taken bai‘at and have made a commit- ment, listen! To utter these words is easy, but to do justice to them is hard because Satan is always busy trying to make man careless about his faith.Satan shows the world and its benefits to be within reach, and faith to be distant.In this way, the heart is hardened and each subsequent condition is worse than the previous one.If you want to please Allah, put your entire strength and effort to abide faithfully to this commitment of freeing yourself from sins.He also said: Utter no words of mischief, spread no evil, bear the rebukes with patience, do not confront anyone, even if someone confronts you, and deal with him with kindness and goodness.Demonstrate a good example of sweetness of conversation.Abide by all commandments with a true heart so that Allah be pleased with you and even the enemy may recognise the change in you after bai‘at.Give true evidence in court cases.All those who join this Movement should establish themselves on truthfulness with full heart, full endeavour, and the entirety of life.( Dhikr-e- H ab i b , pp.436–438)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 14 In March 1903, on the day of ‘Ei d, some Companions ra were sitting together and the Promised Messiah as said: Listen all of you who have taken bai‘at today 6 and those who have taken bai‘at before, I would like to say a few words by way of advice.Listen to them carefully.Bai‘at that you have taken today is bai‘at of repentance.Repentance is of two types.One from the previous sins.That is, to reform oneself from the mistakes committed before and to make recompense as far as possible to set right the damage done by them.The second is to safeguard oneself from sins thereafter and to save oneself from the fire.Almighty Allah has promised that with repentance all prior sins are forgiven provided that the repentance is made with a true heart and pure intent and does not contain any secret mischief in any corner of the heart.Allah knows the hidden secrets of the hearts; He cannot be misled by anyone.Do not try to mislead Him.Make repentance in His presence with truthfulness, not hypocrisy.The repen- tance is not something extra or useless for man.Its impact is not limited to the Day of Judgement; rather, it straightens both worldly affairs and the faith.The repentant achieves peace and prosperity, both in this life and in the life to come.( Malf uza t , vol.5.pp.187–188) 6.It seems that at that time people had gathered together to take bai‘at.

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I The initiate shall solemnly promise that he/she shall abstain from shirk [associ- ating any partner with God] right up to the day of his/her death. Almighty Allah Will Not Forgive Shirk Allah the Almighty says in s u rah al-Nis a ’ , verse forty-nine: ‘Surely, Allah will not forgive that any partner be associated with Him; but He will forgive whatever is short of that to whomsoever He pleases.And whoso associates partners with Allah has indeed devised a very great sin.’ The Promised Messiah as says in this respect that: Similarly, Allah has said in the Holy Qur’an: c o n d i t i o n

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 16 This means that every sin is forgivable except shirk.Therefore, do not go near shirk and consider it to be a forbidden tree.( D am i mah To h fah-e-Golarhviyyah , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.17, pp.323–324, footnote) Then the Promised Messiah as says: Shirk here does not merely mean bowing before stones, etc.; rather, it is also shirk that you should depend entirely on worldly means and emphasise worldly idols.This is what shirk is.( Al- H akam , vol.7, No.24, June 30, 1903, p.11) Almighty Allah says in the Holy Qur’an: 7 And remember when Luqm a n said to his son while exhorting him, ‘O my dear son! associate not partners with Allah.Surely, associating partners with God is a grievous wrong.’ The Holy Prophet sa feared the spread of shi rk in his ummah [followers].One h ad i th states: ‘Ub a dah Bin Nas i told us about Shadd a d Bin ’Aus that he was crying.He was asked, ‘Why do you cry?’ He replied, ‘I have remembered something that I heard from the Holy Prophet sa and it has made me cry.I heard the Holy Prophet sa say that, “I fear about shirk and their secret desires in my ummah.” I asked, “O Prophet of Allah, will your people be involved in shirk after you?” The Holy Prophet sa responded, “Yes, even though 7.( Luqm a n , 31:14)

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Condition I 17 my people will not worship the sun and the moon, the idol and the stone, they will suffer from ostentations in their actions and they will be prey to their hidden desires.One of them will start the day fasting but then he will come across a desire and he will break the fast and indulge in his desire.”’ ( Musnadu Ahmadabni H a n bal , vol.4.p.124, printed in Beirut) Diverse Forms of Shirk It is clear from this h ad i th that even if one does not indulge in manifest shirk of worshipping idols or the moon, resorting to ostentation and following one’s desires are also forms of shirk.If an employee exceeds the limits of due obedience to his employer, and by way of flattery praises him and believes that his sustenance depends on him, that too is a form of shirk.If someone is proud of his sons and believes that he has so many sons who are growing up and would gain employment, make earnings and take care of him, or that none of his collaterals would be able to compete with him because of his grown sons, that too is shirk.(In the Indian subcontinent, rather in the entire third world, such competition with collaterals is a loathsome habit.) Such people rely entirely upon their sons who turn out to be disobedient, or die in accidents, or become disabled; the entire support of such people thereby falls to the ground.The Promised Messiah as says: Tau hi d [Unity of God] does not simply mean that you say l a il a ha illAll a h 8 with your tongue but then hide hundreds of 8.There is none worthy of worship except Allah.

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 18 idols in your heart.Anyone who gives reverence to his own plans, mischief or clever designs as he should revere God, or depends upon another person as one should depend upon God alone, or reveres his own ego as he should revere God alone, in all such conditions he is an idol-worshipper in the sight of Allah.Idols are not merely those that are made of gold, silver, copper or stones.Rather, every thing, every state- ment, or every deed, which is revered in a manner that befits Almighty Allah alone, is an idol in the sight of Allah….Remember that the true Unity of God, which God requires us to affirm and upon which salvation depends, is to believe that God in His Being is free from every associate, whether it be an idol or a human being, or the Sun or Moon, or one’s ego, or one’s cunning or deceit; it is also to conceive of no one as possessing power in opposition to Him, nor to accept anyone as Sustainer, nor to hold anyone as bestowing honour or disgrace, nor to consider anyone as Helper or Supporter; and it is also to confine one’s love to Him and one’s worship, and one’s humility, and one’s hopes, and one’s fear to Him.No Unity can be complete without the following three types of particularisations.First, there is the Unity of Being—that is, to conceive the whole universe as nonexistent in contrast with Him and to consider it mortal and lacking reality.Secondly, the Unity of Attributes—that is that Rab u biyyat [Lordship] and Ul u hiyyat [Godhead] are confined to His Being and that all others who appear as sustainers or benefactors are only a part of the system set up by His hand.Thirdly, the Unity of love, sincerity and devotion—that is, not to consider anyone as an associate of God in the matter of love and worship and to be

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Condition I 19 entirely lost in Him.( Sir a j-ud-D in ‘I s a’i ke Ch a r Sw a lo n k a Jaw a b, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.12, pp.349–350) I have briefly explained this before.In this respect, Hadrat Khalifatul Masih I ra says: To associate anyone in the name, action, or worship of Allah constitutes shirk , and to carry out all good deeds solely for the pleasure of Allah is called worship.People believe that there is no Creator except Allah, and they also believe that life and death are in the hands of Allah Who has complete control and power over them.Even though they believe in this, they pros- tate in front of others, tell lies, and perform circuits before others.Instead of worshipping Allah, they worship others; instead of fasting for Allah, they fast for others; and instead of praying to Allah, they pray to others and give alms for them.To uproot these false notions, Almighty Allah raised the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa.( Khu t ab a t-e-N u r , pp.7–8)

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II That he/she shall keep away from false- hood, fornication/adultery, trespasses of the eye, debauchery, dissipation, cruelty, dishonesty, mischief and rebellion; and that he/she will not permit himself/ herself to be carried away by passions, however strong they might be. Nine kinds of sins are mentioned in this condition, and the initiate, everyone who claims to belong to the Jam a ‘at of the Promised Messiah as , should eschew those sins.Falsehood—the Greatest of Evils Indeed, falsehood is the greatest of all evils.Once someone asked the Holy Prophet sa for advice because that person was suffering from many weaknesses and did not think that he could leave all of them at once.The Holy Prophet sa told him, ‘Promise that you will always speak the truth and will never tell a lie.’ Just by adopting the path of truthfulness, he was c o n d i t i o n

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 22 freed from all of his sins one by one.Whenever he thought of committing a sin, he thought that if he were caught he would be presented before the Holy Prophet sa.He had promised not to tell a lie.If he were to speak the truth [about the act], he might be humiliated or punished.Gradually, he was freed from all his sins.Indeed, falsehood is the root of all evils.I will now elaborate upon this further.Almighty Allah says in the Holy Qur’an: 9 That is God’s commandment.And whose honours the sacred things of Allah, it will be good for him with his Lord.And cattle are made lawful to you but not that which has been announced to you.Shun therefore the abomination of idols, and shun false speech.Here, uttering falsehood has been mentioned together with shirk.Allah also says: 10 Hearken, it is to Allah alone that sincere obedience is due.And those who take for protectors others beside Him say , ‘We serve them only that they may bring us near to Allah in station.’ Surely, Allah will judge between them concerning that 9.( al- H ajj , 22:31) 10.( al-Zumar , 39:4)

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Condition II 23 wherein they differ.Surely, Allah guides not him who is an ungrateful liar.There is another h ad i th in S a hih Muslim : Hadrat ‘Abdull a h Bin ‘Amr Bin al-‘ As ra relates that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Whoever has the following four characteristics is a real hypocrite, and whoever has one of these characteris- tics has an element of hypocrisy until he leaves that habit: • When he speaks, he tells a lie.[His speech is mingled with falsehood, and he utters falsehood.] • When he makes a contract, he breaks it.• When he makes a promise, he breaks it.[This is also a form of faslehood.] • When he argues, he starts using foul language.’ All of these characteristics are related to the telling of lies.Then there is another h ad i th.Hadrat Imam M al ik ra relates that, ‘I have heard that Hadrat ‘Abdull a h Bin Mas ‘u d ra used to say, ‘‘Adopt truthfulness because truthfulness leads towards virtue, and virtue leads to Paradise.Avoid falsehood because falsehood leads to disobedi- ence, and disobedience conveys one to Hell.Do you not know that it is said that such and such spoke the truth and obeyed; or that he lied and was involved in sin?’’’ ( Al-Mu’a tta Lil Imam M al ik , Kit a b-ul-J a mi‘, B a bu m a j a ’a fi s - s idqi wal- kadhib) Then there is a h ad i th in Musnadu Ahmadabni H a n bal : Hadrat Ab u Hurairah ra relates that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Whoever invited a young child to give him something and

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 24 did not do so, it would be counted as a lie.’ ( Musnadu Ahmad- abni H a n bal , vol.2, p.452, printed in Beirut) This point is very important for moral training.Keep in mind that for the moral training of children you should not say such things even by way of jest.Otherwise, children will pick up the habit of telling lies in daily conversation, and lying would become a firm habit later in their lives.Gradually they will lose all feelings and inhibitions against telling lies.Hadrat Ibn-e-Mas‘ u d ra has related that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Truth guides to virtue, and virtue guides to Paradise.A person keeps telling the truth till in the sight of Allah he is named truthful.Lying leads to vice, and vice leads to the Fire; and a person keeps lying till in the sight of Allah he is named a liar.’ ( S a hih Al-Bukh ari , Kit a bul-Adabi, B a bu Qaulill a he Ittaqull a ha wa k unu ma‘a s Sa diq i n) Hadrat ‘Abdull a h Bin ‘Amr Bin al-‘ As ra narrates that, ‘A man came to the Holy Prophet sa and said, ‘ O Prophet of Allah, what are the deeds that lead to Paradise?’ The Holy Prophet sa replied, ‘Speaking the truth.When a servant of Allah speaks the truth, he becomes an obedient servant, and when he becomes an obedient servant, he becomes a true believer, and a true believer finally enters Paradise.’ The man asked again, ‘O Prophet of Allah, what is the action that leads to Hell?’ The Holy Prophet sa replied, ‘Falsehood.When someone tells a lie, he becomes disobedient, and disobedience is kufr [disbe- lief], and someone who is established on disbelief finally enters Hell.’ ( Musnadu Ahmadabni H a n bal , vol.2, p.176, printed in Beirut)

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Condition II 25 The Promised Messiah as says: The Holy Qur’an has regarded the uttering of falsehood to be an abomination as Allah says: 11 Here the words falsehood and idolatry have been used in conjunction.Indeed, falsehood is an idol because otherwise no one would leave the truth.Just as an idol has nothing but artificial polish, so too, falsehood has no reality behind it.Those who tell lies lose their credibility so much that even when they speak the truth one thinks that perhaps there is an element of falsehood in it.If those who are given to telling lies want to cut down their habits, they will not find it easy; they have to struggle for a long time before they get used to speaking the truth.( Malf uza t , vol.3, p.350) The Promised Messiah as also says: Of all the natural conditions of man, one that is an essential part of his nature is truthfulness.Normally, unless a person is moved by some selfish motive, he does not wish to tell a lie.He is naturally averse to falsehood and is reluctant to have recourse to it.That is why he dislikes a person whom he knows to be a liar and looks upon him with disdain.But this natural condition by itself cannot be considered moral.Even children and the insane exhibit this quality.The fact is that so long as a person does not renounce the selfish motives which prevent him from telling the truth, he cannot be considered 11.Shun therefore the abomination of idols, and shun false speech.( al- H ajj , 22:31)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 26 truthful.If a person tells the truth only when he stands to lose nothing, but tells a lie when his honour, property or life are threatened, how can he be considered better than children and the insane? Do minors and the insane not speak this kind of truth? There is hardly anyone in the world who would tell a lie without any motive.Therefore, the truth that is forsaken when faced with possible loss can never form part of true morals.The real occasion of telling the truth is when one apprehends loss of life or property or honour.In this context, the divine teaching is: 12 13 14 15 16 17 12.( al- H ajj , 22:31) 13.( al-Baqarah , 2:283) 14.( al-Baqarah , 2:284) 15.( al-An ‘a m , 6:153) 16.( al-Nis a’ , 4:136) 17.( al-M a ’idah , 5:9) 12 13 14 15 16 17

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Condition II 27 Keep away from idol worship and lying because falsehood too is an idol; one who relies upon it ceases to rely upon God.Hence, by telling lies, one loses God.18 19 20 When you are summoned to testify to the truth, do not refuse to do so.Do not conceal true testimony; and he who conceals it, his heart is certainly sinful.And when you speak, speak only what is absolutely true and fair, even when you testify against a close relative.Hold fast to truth and justice, and bear witness only for the sake of Allah; never utter a lie even if telling the truth may endanger your lives or your parents’ lives or other loved ones like your children.Let not hostility towards a people prevent you from giving true testimony.Truthful men and truthful women will earn great reward.They are accustomed to counselling truth… They do not keep company with the untruthful.18.( al-A h z a b , 33:36) 19.( al-‘A s r , 103:4) 20.( al-Furq a n , 25:73) 18 19 20

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 28 ( Isla mi U su l k i Philosophy , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.10, pp.360–361) Keep Away From Adultery The second condition of bai‘at also includes a commitment to avoid adultery.In this respect, Almighty Allah says in the Holy Qur’an: 21 And come not near unto adultery; surely, it is a foul thing and an evil way.In a h ad i th , Muhammad Bin S i r i n narrates that the Holy Prophet sa admonished to do the following.Then he narrates a long h ad i th that includes the admonition that chastity and truthfulness are better and everlasting in contrast to adultery and falsehood ( Sunanud-D a rimiyyi , Kit a b-ul-Wa saya , B a bu m a yusta h abbu bil-wa s iyyati minat-tashahhudi wal kal a m) Here adultery and falsehood have been mentioned together.This also illustrates how major a sin lying is.The Promised Messiah as says: Do not go near adultery.That is to say, avoid all occasions that create that thought in your mind.Avoid all ways that carry a risk of getting involved in this sin.Whoever commits adultery goes to the limit of the evil.Adultery is a very evil way.It stops you from reaching your true objective and 21.( Ban i Isr a ’ i l , 17:33)

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Condition II 29 carries major risks in it.He who is unable to get married should try to maintain his chastity in other ways; for instance, he should keep fasts or reduce his food intake, or should do hard physical work.( Islam i U su l k i Philosophy , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.10, p.342) The Promised Messiah as has admonished to stay away from things that lead to adultery.Sometimes the youth ignore this matter.They get used to watching films that are not fit to be seen.They are beneath good moral standards.Avoid them because that is also a form of adultery.Keep Away From the Trespasses of the Eye The second condition also refers to a third kind of evil, which is the trespasses of the eye.Avoiding it is known as gha dd- e- ba s ar 22.Hadrat Ab u Rai ha nah ra narrates that he was with the Holy Prophet sa in an expedition and one night heard the Holy Prophet sa say, ‘Fire is forbidden to touch the eye that remains awake for the sake of Allah, and fire is forbidden on the eye that sheds tears for the fear of Allah.’ Hadrat Ab u Shurai h ra narrates that he heard one narrator say that the Holy Prophet sa also said that, ‘Fire is forbidden on that eye which, instead of watching, is cast down when confronted with something that Allah has forbidden to see, and fire is also forbidden to touch the eye that has been taken out in the way 22.A term in the Holy Qur’an, which literally means: keeping the eyes cast down.

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 30 of Allah the Glorious.’ ( Sunanud-D a rimiyyi, Kit a b-ul-Jih a di, B a bu filladh i yas-haru f i sab i lill a hi Ha risan) Then there is another h ad i th.‘Ub a dah Bin A s - Sa mit ra narrates that the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa said, ‘Assure me of six things concerning you, and I will assure your entry into Paradise: • When you speak, say the truth.• When you make a promise, fulfil it.• When you are given a trust, convey it when demanded.[There should be no excuses.] • Safeguard your private parts.• Keep your eyes cast down.• Hold your hands from cruelty.’ ( Musnadu Ahmadabni H a n bal , vol.5, p.323, printed in Beirut) Hadrat Ab u Sa ‘i d Khudr i ra relates that the Holy Prophet sa directed, ‘Refrain from sitting in the streets.’ It was said to him, ‘Messenger of Allah, we cannot help sitting in the streets.’ He said, ‘In that case fulfil the obligations due to the street.’ He was asked, ‘What is due to the street?’ He replied, ‘Reciprocation of greetings, restraining of looks, guiding those who ask for directions, enjoining good and forbidding evil.’ ( Musnadu Ahmadabni H a n bal , vol.3.p.61, printed in Beirut) The Promised Messiah as writes that: The Holy Qur’an, which lays down appropriate directions with reference to the natural desires and weaknesses of man, has adopted an excellent course in this regard 23 :

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Condition II 31 Direct the believing men to restrain their looks and to guard their fur u j.That is the act through which they will attain puri- fication.Fur u j does not refer merely to the private parts.It refers to all parts of the entry in the body including the ears.It has been prohibited to hear the song of an unrelated woman.Remember, it is proven by hundreds of experiments, that if God prohibits something, man has to leave it sooner or later.( Malf uza t , vol.7, p.135) The Promised Messiah as also says: Islam has enjoined men and women equally on the observa- tions of these conditions.As women are prescribed to wear the veil, so too are men commanded to keep their eyes down.S al a t [obligatory Prayer], fasting, Zak a t [obligatory alms], H ajj [Pilgrimage to the House of God in Mecca], the distinction between h al a l [lawful] and h ar a m [unlawful], avoiding un- Islamic customs to honour God’s commandment, are all injunctions that make the door of Islam very narrow and that is why everyone cannot enter this door.( Malf uza t , new edition, vol.5.p.614) This should make it clear for men that they should keep their eyes down.Modesty is not just for women, it is also for men.23.( al-N u r , 24:31)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 32 Then the Promised Messiah as says: God Almighty has not only set forth excellent teachings for acquiring the quality of chastity, but has furnished man with five remedies against unchaste behaviour.These are [1] to restrain one’s eyes from gazing upon women who are outside the prohibited degrees, [2] to safeguard the ears from listening to their voices, [3] to refrain from listening to the stories about them, [4] to avoid occasions that might furnish incitement towards this vice, and [5] to control oneself during the period of celibacy through fasting, dieting, etc… We can confidently claim that this excellent teaching with all its devices that is set forth in the Holy Qur’an is peculiar to Islam.It should be kept in mind that as the natural condi- tion of man, which is the source of his passions, is such that he cannot depart from it without a complete change in himself; his passions are bound to be roused when they are confronted with the occasion and opportunity for indulging in this vice; therefore, God Almighty has not instructed us that we might freely gaze at women outside the prohibited degrees and might contemplate their beauty and observe all their movements in dancing, etc., but that we should do so with pure looks.Nor have we been instructed to listen to the singing of these women and to lend an ear to the tales of their beauty, but that we should do so with a pure intent.We have been positively commanded not to look at their beauty whether with pure intent or otherwise, nor to listen to their musical voices or to descriptions of their good looks, whether with pure intent or otherwise.We have been directed to eschew all this as we eschew carrion, so that we

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Condition II 33 should not stumble.It is almost certain that our free glances would cause us to stumble some time or another.As God Almighty desires that our eyes and our hearts and all our limbs and organs should continue to be in a state of purity, He has furnished us with this excellent teaching.There can be no doubt that unrestrained looks become a source of danger.If we place soft bread before a hungry dog, it would be vain to hope that the dog should pay no attention to it.Thus, God Almighty desired that human faculties not be provided with any occasion for secret func- tioning and not be confronted with anything that might incite dangerous tendencies.( Islam i U su l k i Philosophy, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.10, pp.343–344) Keep Away From Wickedness and Immorality The second condition also enjoins saving oneself from wick- edness and immorality.Almighty Allah says in the Holy Qur’an: 24 And know that among you is the Messenger of Allah; if he were to comply with your wishes in most of the matters, you would surely come to trouble; but Allah has endeared the faith 24.( al- H ujur a t , 49:8)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 34 to you and has made it look beautiful to your hearts, and He has made disbelief, wickedness and disobedience hateful to you.Such indeed are those who follow the right course.In a h ad i th pertaining to this subject, Hadrat Aswad ra narrates from Hadrat Ab u Hurairah ra that: When someone is fasting, he should not indulge in foul talk, nor talk of wickedness or ignorance.If someone deals with him in ways of ignorance, he should simply respond, ‘I am fasting.’ ( Musnadu Ahmadabni H a n bal , vol.2, p.356, printed in Beirut) The Holy Prophet sa has also said, ‘To rebuke a believer is wickedness and to fight him is disbelief.’ ( Musnadu Ahmadabni H a n bal , vol.1, p.439, printed in Beirut) ‘Abdur-Ra h m a n Bin Shibl narrates the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘The merchants are wicked.’ The narrator adds that he was asked, ‘Does Allah not make trade lawful?’ The Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Why not? But when they make a deal, they tell lies and raise the price making statements under oath.’ The narrator adds that: The Holy Prophet sa said, ‘The wicked will be in hell.’ He was asked, ‘Who are the wicked?’ He answered, ‘Some women are wicked.’ A man asked, ‘Prophet of Allah, are they not our mothers, sisters, and wives?’ He answered, ‘Why not? But when something is given to them, they are not grateful; and when a hardship befalls them, they do not show patience.’ ( Musnadu Ahmadabni H a n bal , vol.3, p.428, printed in Beirut)

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Condition II 35 The businessmen need to ponder over this.Clean dealings are a condition of bai‘at.The Promised Messiah as says: It is established from h ad i th that the wicked should be punished before the disbelievers….This is the way of Allah, that when a nation becomes wicked and immoral, another nation is made to rule over it.( Malf uza t , new edition, vol.2, p.653) Then he says: When wickedness and immorality exceeded their limits, and people started disrespecting the commandments and signs of Allah, and were lost into the affairs of the world and its adorn- ment, God caused their ruin at the hands of Hal a k u and Changez Kh a n.It is written that at that time a cry was heard from heaven: 25 In short, the wicked and the immoral are lower and more despicable than disbelievers in the eyes of Allah.( Malf uza t , new edition, vol.3, p.108) Then he says: The prayer of the wicked tyrant is not accepted because he is unmindful of Allah, and thus Allah cares not for him.If a son is unmindful of his obligations to his father, the father does not care about him, because of his disobedience.Why should 25.O disbelievers kill the transgressors.

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 36 Allah care for such people? ( Al-Badr , vol.2, February 13, 1903, p.28, col.2) Keep Away From Cruelty The second condition also enjoins avoiding cruelty.The Holy Qur’an says: 26 But the parties differed among themselves.So woe to those who were cruel by way of the punishment of a grievous day.Hadrat J a bir ra narrates that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Beware of cruelty because cruelty will appear as darkness on the Day of Judgement.Beware of greed, stinginess and envy because greed, stinginess and envy caused the destruction of the earlier nations.It incited them to bloodshed and to dishonour that which was sacred.’ ( Musnadu Ahmadabni H a n bal , vol.3, p.323, printed in Beirut) To usurp the rightful belonging of others is also cruelty.Hadrat ‘Abdull a h Bin Mas‘ u d ra narrates that, ‘I asked the Holy Prophet sa , “What is the greatest cruelty?” He said, “The greatest cruelty is that a brother should unlawfully occupy one arm’s length of land from his brother.On the Day of Judge- ment, even a pebble from the land he has usurped will be placed as a chain around his neck; and no one knows the depth of the earth except Allah Who has created it.’” ( Musnadu Ahmadabni H a n bal , vol.1, p.396, printed in Beirut) 26.( al-Zukhruf , 43:66)

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Condition II 37 Some people fail to discharge the obligations to their sisters, brothers and neighbours, or illegally occupy their properties and land.Please ponder over this.As Ahmad i s, the conditions upon which we have taken the pledge require us not to usurp the rights of anyone, nor to be cruel.We need to fear Allah greatly about this matter.There is a h ad i th that: Hadrat Ab u Hurairah ra has related that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Do you know who a pauper is?’ We answered, ‘Among us a pauper is one who has no cash or property.’ He said, ‘A pauper from among my people would be one who faces the Day of Judgement with a record of S al a t and fasting and Zak a t , but who will have abused one, falsely calumniated someone else, devoured the substance of a third, shed the blood of a fourth and beaten a fifth.Then each of them will be allotted a portion of his good deeds.Should they not suffice, their sins and defaults will be transferred from them to him and he will be thrown into the Fire.’ ( S a hih Muslim , Kit a b-ul-Birri wa s - S ilah, B a bu Ta h r i mi z - Z ulmi) Please ponder over this matter.All of us who are guilty of such misdeeds need to be fearful.May Allah safeguard every one of us from appearing in His presence in the condition of such a pauper.The Promised Messiah as says: The members of my Jam a ‘at, wherever they might be, should listen with attention.The purpose of their joining this Move- ment and establishing the mutual relationship of spiritual preceptor and disciple with me is that they should achieve a

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 38 high degree of good conduct, good behaviour and righteous- ness.No wrongdoing, mischief, or misconduct should even approach them.They should perform the five daily Prayers regularly, should not utter falsehood and should not hurt anyone by their tongues.They should be guilty of no vice and should not let even a thought of any mischief, wrong, disor- derliness, or turmoil pass through their minds.They should shun every type of sin, offence, undesirable action, passion, and unmannerly behaviour.They should become pure- hearted and meek servants of God Almighty, and no poisonous germ should flourish in their beings….Sympathy with mankind should be their principle and, they should fear God Almighty.They should safeguard their tongues and their hands and their thoughts against every kind of impurity, disor- derliness and dishonesty.They should join the five daily Prayer services without fail.They should refrain from every kind of wrong, transgression, dishonesty, bribery, trespass, and partiality.They should not participate in any evil company.If it should be proved that one who frequents their company does not obey God’s commandments… or is not mindful of the rights of people, or is cruel or mischievous, or is ill- behaved, or is seeking to deceive the servants of God Almighty by speaking ill or abusively of him, or is guilty of imposture towards the persons with whom they have entered into a covenant of bai‘at , it should be their duty to repel him and to keep away from such a dangerous one.They should not design harm against the followers of any religion or the members of any tribe or group.Be true well-wishers of every one, and take care that no mischievous or vicious person, or disorderly one or ill-behaved one, should ever be of your

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Condition II 39 company, or should dwell among you; for such a person could at any time be the cause of your stumbling.These are matters and conditions that I have been urging from the beginning, and it is the duty of every member of my Jam a ‘at to act upon them.You should indulge in no impurity, mockery or derision.Walk upon the earth with good hearts, pure tempers, and pure thoughts.Not every evil is worth fighting, so cultivate the habit of forgiveness and overlooking defaults, and behave with steadfastness and meekness.Do not attack anyone improperly, and keep your passions under complete control.If you take part in a discus- sion, or in an exchange of views on a religious subject, express yourself gently and be courteous.If anyone misbe- haves towards you, withdraw from such company with a greeting of peace.If you are persecuted or reviled, be mindful that you should not meet stupidity with stupidity, for otherwise you will be counted in the same category as your opponents.God Almighty desires that you should become a jam a ‘at that should set an example of goodness and truthful- ness for the whole world.Hasten to exclude everyone from your company who sets an example of evil, mischief, provo- cation and ill-behaviour.He who cannot dwell among us in meekness, goodness and piety, using gentle words and comporting himself in ways of good conduct, should depart from us quickly, for God does not desire that such a one should dwell among us.He will die miserably, for he did not adopt the way of goodness.Therefore, be alert, and be truly good-hearted, gentle and righteous.You will be known by your regular attendance at Prayer services and your high moral qualities.He who has the seed of evil embedded in

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 40 him will not be able to conform to this admonition.( Tabligh- e-Ris a lat , vol.7, pp.42–44.Ishtih a r ( The Announcement ), May 29, 1898, p.2) Keep Away From Dishonesty Almighty Allah says about dishonesty in the Holy Qur’an: 27 And plead not on behalf of those who are dishonest to them- selves.Surely, Allah loves not one who is perfidious and a great sinner.According to a h ad i th : Hadrat Ab u Hurairah ra narrates that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘If someone gives you something for safekeeping, return it to him.Do not be dishonest with anyone, even if he has been dishonest with you.’ ( Sunano Ab i D a w u d , Kit a b-ul-Buy u ‘, B a bu fir-Rajuli ya’khudhu H aqqah u …) The Promised Messiah as says: Of the various forms of discarding evil, the second is the virtue known as honesty and integrity, which is the indispo- sition to harm anyone by taking possession of his property mischievously and dishonestly.It should be clear that honesty and integrity constitute a natural human condition.That is why an infant, which is by nature simple and naïve, and, 27.( al-Nis a ’ , 4:108)

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Condition II 41 because of young age, has not yet acquired any bad habits, dislikes what belongs to others so much so that it is with great difficulty that [he] allows a strange woman to breast- feed [him].( Islam i U su l k i Philosophy , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.10, p.344) Keep Away From Mischief Almighty Allah says about mischief in the Holy Qur’an: 28 ‘And seek, in that which Allah has given thee, the Home of the Hereafter; and neglect not thy lot in this world; and do good to others as Allah has done good to thee; and seek not to make mischief in the earth, verily Allah loves not those who make mischief.’ Hadrat Mu‘ a dh Bin Jabal ra relates that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Combat is of two types: One that is waged for the pleasure of Allah under the leadership of an Imam [divinely guided leader].A person engaged in such combat spends his best property in the way of Allah, is comforting his companions, and avoids mischief.For such a person, everything—his sleeping and waking time—earns merit in the sight of Allah.And there is another who engages in combat for pride, osten- tation, and to talk about his valour.He disobeys the Imam and 28.( al-Qa s a s , 28:78)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 42 creates mischief in the earth.Such a one can never equal the first one in rank.’ ( Sunano Ab i D a w u d , Kit a b-ul-Jih a d, B a bu f i man yaghz u wa yaltamis-ud-Duny a ) Hadrat Asm a’ Bint Yaz i d ra narrates that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Should I inform you about the best of people?’ The Companions ra said, ‘Certainly, tell us O Prophet of Allah.’ He said, ‘When they witness a desirable scene, they start remem- bering Allah.’ Then he said, ‘Should I tell you about the worst of people? The worst people are those who go about back- biting and creating discord between people.Their wish is that the obedient servants of Allah get involved in sin.’ ( Musnadu Ahmadabni H a n bal , vol.6, p.459, printed in Beirut) The Promised Messiah as says: Do not engage in fighting or discord with those who leave you because you have joined a Movement established by Almighty Allah; instead, pray for them in secret that Almighty Allah may grant them the insight and cognition that He has granted you.With your pious example and good behaviour, prove that you have adopted the right path.Listen! I am appointed to admonish you repeatedly to avoid all occasions of discord and disturbance.Have patience even if you hear abuse.Respond to evil with goodness.If you encounter discord, slip away from that situation or respond with kind words….I do not like when I learn that someone has quarrelled despite being a member of my Jam a ‘at.Almighty Allah does not like that the jam a ‘at that is destined to become a model for mankind should adopt such ways, which are not the ways of righteousness.Indeed, I tell you

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Condition II 43 that Almighty Allah has emphasised this matter so much that if someone—declaring his membership of the Jam a ‘at—does not show patience and perseverance, he does not belong to this Jam a ‘at.The utmost cause of your provocation might be that you hear people abusing me.Leave that matter for God to decide.You cannot judge it.Leave my affair to God; you should show patience even in the face of such abuse.( Malf uza t , new edition, vol.4, p.157) Keep Away From the Ways of Rebellion The second condition of bai‘at also requires that the initiate shall safeguard himself from the ways of rebellion.In explaining two verses of sur a h al-Baqarah, the Promised Messiah as says: 29 That is: And fight them until the rebellion is removed, and religion is professed only for Allah..30 29.( al-Baqarah , 2:194) 30.( al-Baqarah , 2:218)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 44 That is: Fighting (in the Holy city of Mecca) is a heinous thing, but to hinder men from the ways of Allah and to be ungrateful to Him, and to expel the righteous men from the Sacred Mosque is more heinous in the sight of Allah.And rebellion, that is, interfering in the peaceful living, is worse than killing… ( Jang-e-Muqaddas , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.6, p.255) The Promised Messiah as also said: I see that many ignorant and mischievous people from among the Hindus and Muslims demonstrate such activities against the government that smell of rebellion.I suspect that a time will come when the ways of rebellion will be established in their hearts.Therefore, I admonish the members of my Jam a ‘at who are settled in Punj a b and [the subcontinent of] India who, by the Grace of God, number in hundreds of thousands, that they should remember this teaching of mine that I have been impressing upon them in my speeches as well as in my writings for the last twenty-six years, that they should be truly loyal to this government that has done us favours….Remember it well that a person who entertains any rebellious thoughts against the government cannot continue to be a member of my Jam a ‘at.I consider it a great impertinence that we be ungrateful to a government that delivered us from the clutches of tyrants and under which we are making progress.Almighty Allah says in the Holy Qur’an 31 : 31.( al-Ra h m a n , 55:61)

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Condition II 45 That is: The reward for goodness is nothing but goodness.In a h ad i th , the Holy Prophet sa says that, ‘Anyone who is ungrateful to people cannot be grateful to Allah.’ Just imagine, if you move outside the protective shade of this government, where will you find refuge? Name one government that will grant you protection.Every Islamic government is grinding its teeth to kill you because according to them you are disbe- lievers and apostates.Be then grateful for this favour of Allah….To spread the doctrines that a bloody Mahd i will come and will apprehend all the Christian monarchs is a concocted approach that has blackened and hardened the hearts of our opposing Muslims.Such doctrines can, and defi- nitely will, incite the ignorant to rise in rebellion at some time.Therefore, we are striving that Muslims may get rid of such doctrines.Remember, a faith that lacks human sympathy, is not from God.God has taught us, ‘Be merciful on earth so that you may be shown mercy in Heaven.’ ( Majm u ‘ah Ishti- h a r a t , vol.3, pp.582–585) Do Not be Carried Away by Passion The second condition also draws the initiate’s attention to not being carried away by passion.The Promised Messiah as says: The fourth stage of spiritual progress is that which is mentioned by Almighty Allah in the noble verse of the Holy Qur’an: 32 32.And who guard their chastity— ( al-Mu’min u n , 23:6)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 46 That is, higher in status than the believers of the third rank are those who guard themselves against the carnal passions and unlawful lust.This rank is higher than the third rank because at the third rank one only sacrifices wealth that is dear to him.But a believer at the fourth rank sacrifices something that is dearer to him than wealth—the carnal passions.Man is so enamored with his carnal passions that he spends large sums to satisfy his lust.He gives no importance to wealth when pursuing such desires.It has been observed that there are many stingy people who do not give a penny to the needy, but destroy their households by spending large amounts on visiting women of ill repute.It is thus established that the carnal passions are a fierce flood that carries with it a filthy habit like stinginess.It is therefore obvious, that in comparison with the strength of faith that cures stinginess and prepares one to part with his beloved property for the sake of Allah, a much stronger and long-lasting faith in combating Satan is required to safeguard oneself from the deluge of carnal passions, because such faith tramples under its foot the old serpent called Nafs-e-’Amm a rah [the self that incites to evil].As far as stinginess is concerned, it can be avoided during times of satis- fying the carnal passions or for ostentation and show, but this deluge that is raised by the upsurge of carnal passions is a very severe and long-lasting deluge that cannot be averted except with the mercy of Allah.Just as the bone is the hardest part and longest living in the components of the body, so too the strength of faith needed for safeguarding from this deluge is hardest and longest lasting so that it may persist in combating this enemy for a long time.And that too with the mercy of Allah, because the deluge of carnal passions is such a devastating

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Condition II 47 flood that nobody can safeguard himself from it except with the mercy of Allah.That is why Hadrat Y u suf as had to say 33 : That is: ‘And I do not absolve myself of weakness; for the soul is surely prone to enjoin evil.It is not possible to safeguard oneself from its attack except that Allah the Almighty should have mercy.’ The phrase mentioned in this verse is: 34 Similar words were used at the time of Noah’s deluge: 35 This points out that the deluge of carnal passions is similar to the deluge of Noah in its severity and danger.( Bar a h i n-e- Ahmadiyyah , vol.5, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.21, pp.205–206) In summary, the carnal passions will always try to vanquish you.Avoid them, ever seeking the mercy of Allah.In these days, many other paths to it have been opened.Therefore, we need to pray and turn to Allah seeking His mercy more than ever before.36 33.( Y u suf , 12:54) 34.…Save that whereon my Lord has mercy.( Ibid.) 35.There is no shelter for anyone this day, from the decree of Allah, excepting those to whom He shows mercy.( H u d , 11:44)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 48 Hearken, it is to Allah alone that sincere obedience is due.And those who take for protectors others beside Him say , ‘We serve them only that they may bring us near to Allah in station.’ Surely, Allah will judge between them concerning that wherein they differ.Surely, Allah guides not him who is an ungrateful liar.The Promised Messiah as says: Believe in the God, Whose existence is confirmed unani- mously by the Torah, the Gospels and the Holy Qur’an.Do not fashion a god whose existence is not proven by the unani- mous testimony of these three books.Accept that which is testified by intellect and human conscience and is testified by the books of God.Do not believe in God in a manner that creates discord between the books of God.Do not commit adultery.Do not tell lies.Avoid the evil look.Safeguard your- selves from wickedness, immorality, cruelty, dishonesty, and ways of rebellion.Do not be overpowered by carnal desires.Establish the five daily Prayers because human natures undergo five kinds of trials.Be grateful to your noble Messenger and invoke blessings upon him, for he is the one who showed you the way of recognising God in the age of darkness.These are the principles that are the distinguishing features of my Community.The way this Community establishes human 36.( al-Zumar , 39:4)

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Condition II 49 sympathy, avoiding to do harm to human beings, and forsaking the opposition of the official in charge, are not found in other Muslims.Because of their own mistakes, their principles are of a different type, which do not need explana- tion at this time.( D am i mah Tiry a q-ul-Qul u b, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.15, pp.524–526)

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III That he/she shall regularly offer the five daily Prayers in accordance with the commandments of God and the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa and shall try his/ her best to be regular in offering the tahajjud and invoking dur u d on the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa.That he/she shall make it his/her daily routine to ask forgiveness for his/her sins, to remember the bounties of God and to praise and glorify Him. Observe Five Daily Prayers The first point mentioned in this condition is that the initiate will observe five daily Prayers in accordance with the commandment of Allah and His Messenger sa.The command- ment of Allah is that men and women as well as children who have reached the age of ten should offer Prayers at their appointed times.Men have been commanded to establish five c o n d i t i o n

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 52 daily Prayers in congregation, to visit the mosques and inhabit them, and to search for the Grace of Allah.There is no concession in the matter of five daily Prayers.In cases of travel or sickness, some of the requirements have been made lenient, for instance combining Prayers or reducing the number of rak ‘a t.The fact that only during sickness one is permitted not to go to mosque to join Prayers shows the importance of Prayer in congregation.I will read some excerpts, but I wish to stress that everyone who takes the pledge should ponder that whereas we are making a pledge to sell ourselves, are we obeying this explicit commandment of the Holy Qur’an? Every Ahmad i has the duty to remind himself.You should examine yourself, and watch your own actions.If we all start examining ourselves, a great revolution can be achieved.In the Holy Qur’an Allah says: 37 And observe Prayer and give the Zak a t , and obey the Messenger, that you may be shown mercy.In s u rah Ta H a , verse fifteen it is commanded: 38 ‘Verily, I am Allah; there is no God beside Me.So serve Me, and observe Prayer for My remembrance.’ 37.( al-N u r , 24:57) 38.( Ta H a , 20:15)

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Condition III 53 There are numerous other verses in the Holy Qur’an about establishing Prayer.I will now present one h ad i th.Hadrat J a bir ra relates that he heard the Holy Prophet sa say that, ‘Neglecting to offer Prayer brings a man closer to apostasy and disbelief.’ ( S a hih M usli m, Kit ab- ul- Ima n, B a bu Bay a ni t-la q- ismil-Kufri ‘Al a man Tarka s-S al a h ) The Holy Prophet sa has said, ‘The comfort of my eye is in the Prayer.’ ( Sunan Al-Nasa’ i , Kit ab u ‘Ishratin-Nis a’ i, B a bu Hubbin- Nis a’ i) Hadrat Ab u Hurairah ra narrates that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘The first thing for which a person would be called to account is the Prayer.If he succeeds in this account, he would be successful and will attain salvation.If that account is deficient, he will be ruined and will be a loser.If there is a shortfall in the obligatory Prayers, Allah will make it up from his naw a fil.Similarly, all his other deeds will be accounted for.’ ( Sunan-ut- Tirmadh i , Kit a b-u s - S al a ti, B a bu Inna Awwala m a Yu ha sabu bihil ‘Abdu… ) Then it is said in a h ad i th : Hadrat Ab u Hurairah ra has related that he heard the Holy Prophet sa saying, ‘Tell me if one of you had a stream running at his door and he should take a bath in it five times every day, would any dirt be left upon him?’ He was answered, ‘No dirt would be left on him.’ The Holy Prophet sa observed, ‘This is the case of the five Prayers.Allah wipes out all faults in conse- quence of them.’ ( S a hih Al-Bukh ari , Kit a bu Maw a q i ti s - S al a ti, B a bu s - S al a til Khamsi Kaff a ratun Lil Kha t a’i)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 54 The Promised Messiah as says: Offer the Prayer.Offer the Prayer.That is the key to all good fortune.( Iz a la-e-‘Auh a m , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.3, p.549/First edition, p.829) He also says: The essence and spirit of Prayer lie in supplications.( Ayy a m- u s - S ul h , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.14, p.241) He also says: So all ye people who count yourselves as members of my Jam a ‘at, in heaven you shall be counted members of my following only when you truly begin to advance on the paths of righteousness.Offer your five daily Obligatory Prayers with such concentration and awe of mind as though you were seeing God in front of you.Observe the days of fasting for the sake of God in full sincerity.All among you who are liable for Zak a t should never fail to discharge this important obligation.And those upon whom the pilgrimage to Mecca has become obligatory, without any obstacles standing in the way, should duly undertake that blessed journey.Do all good deeds with the proper care they deserve, forsaking evil from a real repulsion arising from the heart.Be very sure that no action, whatsoever, can take you to God if it is devoid of righteousness.The root of every- thing good is taqw a [righteousness]; in whatever action this root is not lost, that action will never be devoid or futile.( Kasht i -e-N uh , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.19, p.15)

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Condition III 55 The Promised Messiah as says: What is the Prayer? It is the supplication made humbly in the form of tasb ih [glorification] and ta h m i d [praise of God], taqd i s [proclaiming His holiness], istighf a r [seeking His forgiveness] and dur u d [calling down His blessings on the Holy Prophet sa ].When you are occupied with the Prayer, do not confine yourselves only to the prescribed Prayers like heedless people whose Prayer is all formality and has no reality behind it.When you observe the Prayer, besides the prescribed supplications taught by the Holy Qur’an and the Holy Prophet, you should set forth your supplications in your respective vernaculars so that your hearts may be moved by your humility and your earnestness.( Kasht i -e-N uh , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.19, pp.68–69) The Promised Messiah as further says: The Prayer is so powerful that the heavens incline towards the human with it.The one who does full justice to Prayers feels that he has died; his soul has melted and fallen at the threshold of Allah… A house in which Prayer is offered in this manner will never face destruction.It is said in h ad i th that if Prayer had been ordained to the people of Noah, they would not have been ruined.H ajj is obligatory but with certain prerequisites; so is fasting and Zak a t.But the obligation to offer Prayer has no prerequisites.All other obligations are discharged once a year, but the Prayer is ordained five times a day.As long as the Prayer is not performed in accordance with all its requirements, it does not earn the blessings that it carries.

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 56 Such allegiance [without discharging these obligations] in not of any benefit.( Malf uza t , new edition, vol.3, p.627) The Promised Messiah as says: Prayer is obligatory on every Muslim.It is narrated in h ad i th that some people accepted Islam and submitted, ‘O Prophet of Allah, please release us from the obligation of Prayer because we are traders.Because we tend to cattle, sometimes we are not sure about the cleanliness of our clothes.Moreover, we do not have the time.’ The Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Take heed, if there is no Prayer, there is nothing.Faith without worship is no faith at all.’ What is Prayer? To submit your weaknesses before God and to seek their solutions from Him.At times, to stand straight before him in awe of His Grandeur—ready to carry out His commands.At times, to prostrate before Him in complete submission.To beg from him all that you need.That is Prayer.To praise Him like a beggar, to move His Mercy by narrating His Greatness and Grandeur, and then asking.A ‘faith’ that does not have this [type of Prayer] is no faith at all.A man is needy at all times to seek Allah’s pleasure and beg for His Grace.Only through His Grace can we accomplish anything.O Allah, grant us the ability to belong entirely to You to stay firmly upon the path of Your pleasure and thereby earn Your pleasure.Prayer means love of God, fear of God, to always keep Him in mind—and that is what faith is.So anyone who wants to be freed from the obligation of Prayer cannot accomplish anything more than the animals— eating, drinking, and sleeping.This certainly is not faith.

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Condition III 57 This is the way of the disbelievers.The popular saying, ‘The moment of heedlessness is the moment of disbelief ’ is undoubtedly true and correct.’ ( Al- H akam, vol.7, March 31, 1903, p.8) How to achieve concentration in Prayer? The Promised Messiah as says [that a person who derives no pleasure from Prayer should beg before Allah]: Allah the Almighty! Thou knowest how blind and sightless I am, and at the moment I am like the dead.I know that in a little while I shall be called and shall present myself before Thee and no one will be able to stop me.But my heart is blind and unenlightened.Do Thou cause to descend upon it such a flame of light that thereby it may be inspired with Thy love and devotion.Do Thou bestow upon me such grace that I shall not be raised up sightless and blind.When he supplicates in this manner and persists in the supplication, he will see that a time will arrive when some- thing will descend upon him while he is engaged in such a Prayer that will melt his heart.( Malf uza t , new edition, vol.2, p.616) Be Regular in Tahajjud The third condition stipulates that one should offer tahajjud Prayers.Almighty Allah says: 39 39.( Ban i Isr a ’ i l , 17:80)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 58 And offer tahajjud with the recitation of the Qur’an in a part of the night as a supererogatory service for thee.Very soon thy Lord will raise thee to an exalted station.Hadrat Bil a l ra narrates that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘You should be very regular in tahajjud.That has been the practice of the righteous ones in the past and is a means of attaining nearness to God.This is a habit that safeguards against sin, removes blemishes and safeguards from physical illness.’ ( Sunan-ut-Tirmadh i, K it ab- ud-Da‘ wat, Bab u F i Du‘ a ’in Nabiyyi) In another h ad i th: Hadrat Ab u Hurairah ra has related that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Our Lord descends every night to the lowest heaven.When one-third of the night remains, Allah says, “Who will call upon Me, so I should respond to him? Who will beg of Me, so I should grant him? And Who will ask my forgiveness, so I should forgive him?” Allah the Almighty keeps saying so until dawn breaks.’ ( Musnadu Ahmadabni H a n bal , vol.2, p.521, printed in Beirut) Many members of the Community write letters for prayers.If they practice this method of prayer themselves, they will see the blessings of Allah pouring upon them.Hadrat Ab u Hurairah ra narrates that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Allah the Almighty says that whoever is an enemy of My friend, I declare war on him.My servant can be close to Me through things that I love and that I have made obligatory upon him.By offering naw a fil My servant gets so close to Me

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Condition III 59 that I start loving him.When I make him a friend of Mine, I become the ears with which he hears, the eyes with which he sees, the hands with which he holds, and the feet with which he walks.That is, I fulfil all that he desires.If he begs of Me, I provide for him; if he seeks My protection, I grant him protection.’ ( S a hih Al-Bukh ari , Kit a b-ur-Riq a qi, B a but- Taw ad u‘i) Hadrat Ab u Hurairah ra has related that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Allah will have mercy on a man who gets up at night for his [voluntary] Prayer and awakens his wife for the same purpose, and if she hesitates he sprinkles water over her face to wake her up.And, Allah will have mercy on a woman who gets up at night to offer [voluntary] Prayer and awakens her husband for the same purpose, and if he hesitates she sprinkles water over his face to wake him up.’ ( Sunano Ab i D a w u d , Kit ab- ut - Ta t awwu‘i, B a bu Qay a mil-Laili) The Promised Messiah as says: Our Jam a ‘at should make it incumbent upon itself to offer tahajjud.Anyone who cannot do more should make at a minimum two rak‘ a t because he will get an opportunity to make some supplications.Supplications made at this time have a very special characteristic because they are offered with true pain and eagerness.Until there is a special pain and heartfelt agony, how can one wake up from comfortable sleep? To wake up at this time creates a heartfelt pain, which creates a condi- tion of devotion and distress, which in turn become the means of acceptance of supplication.But someone who is lax in waking up is obviously lacking in pain and anguish.But one

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 60 who wakes up, obviously there is a pain that is waking him up.( Malf uza t , new edition, vol.2, p.182) The Promised Messiah as also says: Get up at night and supplicate that Allah the Almighty may guide you to His path.The companions of the Holy Prophet sa also received their training step by step.What were they before? They were like the a seed sown by a farmer.The Holy Prophet sa in turn watered and prayed for it.The seed was healthy, and the soil was fertile.With watering, it yielded excellent fruit.They walked the path of the Holy Prophet sa without hesitation.They did not wait for day or night.You should repent with a true heart.Wake up for tahajjud.Straighten your hearts.Leave your weaknesses, and make your words and deeds correspond to the will of Allah the Almighty.( Malf uza t , new edition, vol.1, p.28) Be Very Regular in Sending Dur u d Upon the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa The third condition also requires that the initiate shall be ever eager to send dur u d upon the Holy Prophet sa.In this connec- tion Almighty Allah says in the Holy Qur’an: 40 40.( al-A h z a b , 33:57)

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Condition III 61 Allah and His angels send mercy on the Prophet.O ye who believe! You also should invoke blessings on him and salute him with abundant salutations of peace.Hadrat ‘Abdull a h Bin ‘Amr Bin al-‘ As ra narrates that he heard the Holy Prophet sa saying: When you hear the caller of adh a n , repeat the words that he is saying.Then invoke Allah’s blessings upon me.He who invokes Allah’s blessing upon me, Allah will grant him His mercy ten-fold.’ Then he said, ‘Whoever begs Allah that He may grant me wa si lah —which is one grade in Paradise, which Allah will grant to one of His servants, and I hope that I am that one—my intercession for such a one will become permis- sible.( S a hih Muslim , Kit a b-u s - S al a ti, B a bul-Qauli mithli Qaulil Mua’dhdhini liman Sami‘ah u Thumma Yu s all i ‘Alan Nabiyyi) Everyone should keep in mind that in order to win the plea- sure of Allah, to attain His love, and to have our prayers find acceptance with Allah, we need the intermediation of the Holy Prophet sa.The best way to do that—as we are told in the h ad i th —is to invoke Allah’s blessings upon him.The Promised Messiah as has also admonished that dur u d should be recited abundantly.41 41.Bless O Allah, Muhammad and his progeny as You did bless Abraham and his progeny.Certainly You are Praiseworthy and Glorious.Prosper O Allah, Muhammad and his progeny, as You did prosper Abraham and his progeny.Certainly You are Praiseworthy and Glorious.

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 62 Hadrat ‘ A mir Bin Rab i ‘ah ra narrates that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘A Muslim who invokes Allah’s blessings upon me will continue to receive the blessings from the angels as long as he continues.Let him, if he wishes, shorten the time or prolong it.’ Hadrat ‘Umar Bin al-Kha tta b ra says, ‘The supplication remains suspended between heaven and earth.Until someone invokes blessings upon the Holy Prophet sa , no part of it goes up to be presented before Allah the Almighty.’ ( Sunan-ut-Tirmadh i , Kit a b-ul-Witri, B a bu m a j a ’a f i Fa d li s - S al a ti ‘Alan Nabiyyi) Hadrat ‘Abdull a h Bin Mas‘ u d ra narrates that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘On the Day of Judgement, the closest to me will be those who invoke Allah’s blessings upon me most frequently.’ ( Sunan-ut-Tirmadh i , Kit ab- ul -W itri, B a bu m a ja’ a f i Fa d li s-S al a ti ‘Alan Nabiyyi) The Promised Messiah as narrates his personal experience as follows: Once it so happened that I was completely absorbed in invoking Allah’s blessing upon the Holy Prophet, may peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, for a long period of time because I was certain that the paths of reaching Allah the

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Condition III 63 Almighty are very narrow and cannot be found except through the intermediation of the Holy Prophet sa.As Allah also says: 42 After a period of time I saw a vision that two water-men enter my house, one from the interior side and the other from the exterior.On their shoulders they were carrying waterskins filled with the light Divine.They said: 43 ( H aq i qat-ul-Wa hy i , p.128, footnote, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.22, p.131, footnote) Through invoking blessings upon the Holy Prophet sa … it is my personal experience that, divine grace in the shape of wonderful light proceeds in the direction of the Holy Prophet sa and is absorbed into his bosom and then issuing therefrom numberless streams of it reach everyone deserving them according to his capacity.Certainly, no grace can reach anyone without the agency of the Holy Prophet sa.Invoking blessings on the Holy Prophet sa brings into movement his throne from which these streams of light issue.He who desires to obtain the grace of God Almighty should invoke blessings on him persistently, so that divine grace might be brought into motion.( Al- H akam , February 28, 1903, p.7) 42.…and seek the way of approach unto Him… ( al-M a ’idah , 5:36) 43.This is a consequence of the blessings you invoked upon Muhammad sa.

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 64 The Promised Messiah as says: Man is a servant or slave.A slave is one who carries out all commandments of the master.Similarly, if you want to achieve grace through the Holy Prophet sa it is essential that you become his slave.Almighty Allah says in the Holy Qur’an: 44 Here, slave means an obedient servant and not a creation.To become a slave of the Holy Prophet sa , it is essential to invoke Allah’s blessings upon him, not to disobey any of his commandments and to carry out all his injunctions.( Al-Badr , vol.2, No.14, April 24, 1903, p.109) The Promised Messiah as says: ( Barak a tud-Du‘ a’ , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.6, p.11) Translation: O Allah send down blessings and peace on him and on his people proportionate to the amount of his suffering and sorrow for the sake of the ummah and send down upon him the light of Thy mercy forever.Be Regular in Istighf a r The third condition also enjoins istighf a r.Almighty Allah says in the Holy Qur’an: 45 44.Say, ‘O My servants who have committed excesses against their own souls!…’ ( al-Zumar , 39:54)

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Condition III 65 ‘And I said, ‘Seek forgiveness of your Lord; for He is the Exceedingly Forgiving.He will send down clouds pouring rain for you in abundance, and He will strengthen you with wealth and with children, and He will give you gardens and He will give you rivers.’ Glorify thy Lord with His praise and seek forgiveness of Him.Surely He is Oft-returning with compassion.46 There is a h ad i th on this subject.Hadrat Ab u Burdah Bin Ab i M u s a ra narrates from his father that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Allah the Almighty has entrusted me with two trusts that I must convey to my ummah in the following verses of the Holy Qur’an: 47 But Allah would not punish them while thou wast among them, and Allah would not punish them while they sought forgiveness.Therefore, when I leave them, I will leave istighf a r with them up until the Day of Judgement.’ ( Sunan-ut-Tirmadh i , Kit a bu Tafs i ril-Qur’an.Tafs i ru S u ratil-Anf a l) 45.( al-N uh , 71:11 - 13) 46.( al-Na s r , 110:4) 47.( al-Anf a l , 8:34)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 66 Hadrat Ibn-e-‘Abb a s ra relates that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Whoever clings to istighf a r (i.e., performs it regularly and often) Allah the Almighty grants him a way out of all difficul- ties, and grants him ease under all difficulties, and grants him provisions from ways that he could not imagine.’ ( Sunano Ab i D a w u d , Kit a b-ul-Witri, B a bun fil-Istighf a r) The Promised Messiah as says: … istighf a r , which brings strength upon the roots of faith, is mentioned in two ways in the Holy Qur’an.One: to strengthen the love of Allah in one’s heart, and through the relationship with Allah, stop the emergence of sins that arise in privacy—to be engrossed completely in God and to thereby seek His help.This is the istighf a r of the elect, who consider it a ruin to be separated from Allah even for the briefest of the moments.They recite istighf a r so that the mercy of Allah may keep sustaining them.The second type of istighf a r is to emerge from the bondage of sin and to flee towards Allah; to try that, as a tree is firmly planted in the soil, your hearts should become completely devoted to Allah.Your hearts should thereby be captivated by the love of Allah and, by attaining pure nourishment, be saved from the dryness and decline of sin.These two types of istighf a r have been called as such because ghafara , from which [the word] istighf a r has been derived, means ‘covering’ or ‘suppressing.’ In other words, istighf a r means that Allah may suppress the sins of someone who has immersed himself in His love and may not permit the roots of humanness from being exposed.Rather, He should grant him a place under the mantle of His Holiness;

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Condition III 67 and if a root has been exposed because of any sin, He should cover it up again and save it from the ill-consequences of exposure.Since Allah is the Source of all Grace, and His Light is ever-ready to remove all kinds of darkness, the only way of discovering the straight path is that we spread both arms towards this Fountain of Purity in fear of this dreadful condition so that the Fountain may move towards us with great force and should carry away all impurities.There is no greater sacrifice for pleasing Allah than to accept death for His sake and present ourselves before Him.( Sir a j-ud- D in ‘I s a’i ke Ch a r Sw a lo n k a Jaw a b, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.12, pp.346–347) The Promised Messiah as also says: …When one seeks strength from Allah—that is, does istighf a r —[one’s] weaknesses can be removed with the help of the Holy Spirit and [one] can be safeguarded from sin like the Prophets and Messengers.And if there be someone who has already become a sinner, istighf a r saves him from the conse- quences of his evil deeds, i.e., from punishment.For no dark- ness can stay in the face of light.But the wrong-doers who do not do istighf a r suffer the consequences of their misdeeds.( Kasht i-e- N uh , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.19, p.34) The Promised Messiah as also says: Some people have an awareness of sin, others do not.Therefore, Allah the Almighty has made istighf a r incumbent for all times, so that one should continue to seek Allah’s protection from all sins—obvious or hidden, known or unknown, whether

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 68 committed by hand, legs, tongue, nose, or eyes.These days the prayer of Hadrat A dam as should especially be recited: 48 This prayer has already been accepted.Do not spend your life in heedlessness.Anyone who eschews heedless life will hope- fully never be afflicted with any great misfortune because such misfortune does not befall without divine permission.I was revealed the following prayer in this regard: 49 ( Malf uza t , new edition, vol.2.p.577) Istighf a r and Repentance The Promised Messiah as says: 50 Remember, the Muslims have been bestowed two thing—one for obtaining strength and the other for the practical demon- stration of the strength that has been obtained.Istighf a r is for obtaining strength.It is also called seeking help.The su f i s have said that as physical strength and power are fostered through 48.…‘Our Lord we have wronged ourselves; and if Thou forgive us not and have not mercy on us, we shall surely be of the lost.’ ( al-A‘r a f , 7:24) 49.O my Lord, everything is in your service.O My Lord, protect me, and help me, and have mercy on me.50.And that you seek forgiveness of your Lord, and then turn to Him.… ( H u d , 11:4)

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Condition III 69 exercise, in the same way istighf a r is spiritual exercise.Through it, the soul obtains strength and the heart achieves steadfast- ness.He who desires strength should do istighf a r.Ghafara literally means covering and suppressing.With istighf a r , man tries to suppress and cover [those] emotions that keep him away from God.Thus, the only meaning of istighf a r is that the poisonous elements that may well-nigh destroy a man may be overpowered, and one should give practical shape to the commandment of God by avoiding all obstructions.Remember that Almighty Allah has created two types of elements within human beings.One: the poisonous element, which is activated by Satan.Second: the remedial element.When someone is proud and considers himself to be worth something, and does not seek help from the remedial fountain, the poisonous element gains the upper hand.But when he considers himself unworthy and insignificant and feels within him the need for divine help, Allah creates a fountain for him that makes his soul flow.This is the meaning of istighf a r , namely, to find this strength to overpower the poisonous element.( Malf uza t , new edition, vol.1, pp.348–349) Always Express Gratitude to Allah The third condition also includes an injunction to remain ever-thankful to Allah.In this respect Allah the Almighty says in the Holy Qur’an: 51 All praise belongs to Allah, Lord of all the worlds.51.( al-F a ti h ah , 1:2)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 70 Then Allah says: 52 All praise is due to Allah, to Whom belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the earth.And His is all praise in the Hereafter; and He is the Wise, the All-Aware.Hadrat Ab u Hurairah ra has related that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Every matter of importance that is not begun with the praise of Allah remains defective.’ Another version is: ‘Every speech that is not begun with the praise of Allah is devoid of blessings.’ ( Sunano Ibn-e-M a jah , Abw a b-un-Nik ah , B a bu Khutbatin-Nik ah , H ad i th No.1894.Also Sunano Ab i D a w u d , Kit a b-ul-Adab, B a b-ul-Hadyi fil Kal a m, H ad i th No.4832) There is another h ad i th: Hadrat No‘m a n Bin Bash i r ra narrates that the Holy Prophet sa said from his pulpit, ‘He who is not grateful for small favours cannot be grateful for the bigger ones.He who cannot be thankful to men cannot render thanks for the favours of Allah.To talk about the blessings of Allah the Almighty is thankful- ness; to not mention them is ingratitude.’ ( Musnadu Ahmadabni H a n bal , vol.4, p.278, printed in Beirut) Hadrat Mu‘ a dh Bin Jabal ra has related that the Holy Prophet sa held him by his hand and said, ‘Mu‘adh, I swear in the name 52.( Sab a ’ , 34:2)

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Condition III 71 of Allah! I do love you and counsel you that you should not miss supplicating after every S al a t.Allah, help me in remembering You, and being grateful to You and worshipping You in the best manner.’ ( Sunano Ab i D a w u d , Kit a b-ul-Witri, B a bun fil-Istighf a r) The Promised Messiah as says: If someone ponders deeply, he would realise that all praises and good attributes belong to Allah the Almighty alone.No human or other creature deserves true praise and appreciation.If one were to reflect without any tinge of selfishness, one would obviously discover that one who creates something, at a time when it did not exist nor was there any information about its existence, such a one should be worthy of praise.And [such a one should also be worthy of praise] who created necessary means at a time when nothing existed, nor was there any information available about the basic requirement for creation, sustenance, good health, and maintenance of exist- ence.And [such a one should also be worthy of praise] who had mercy on a creature that suffered great misfortune and who had relieved it from that misfortune.And [such a one should also be worthy of praise] who does not let the efforts of a hard worker go to waste and gives full reward to those who make the effort.Even though payment of due wages is a right of the labourer, someone who makes due payment can also be a benefactor.All of these are excellent traits that can make one worthy of praise and appreciation.

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 72 Now, ponder and you will recognise that all the praise- worthy attributes belong to Allah alone because He alone possesses all these attributes in perfection; and nobody else does….In short, only Allah the Almighty is perfect in His being and worthy of praise in an excellent manner.In comparison to Him, no one deserves praise by virtue of its own being.If someone else deserves praise, it is only secondary in nature.This, too, is a Mercy of Allah the Almighty because even though He is One, without any partner, He has included others in those praises in a secondary sense.( Ro’id a d-e-Jalsah Du‘ a’ , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.15, pp.598–602) Giving a general admonition to the Jam a ‘at, the Promised Messiah as says: If you desire that the angels should praise you in heaven, then endure beating and be joyful, hear abuse and be grateful, experience failure and do not cut asunder your relationship with God.You are the last Jam a ‘at of God, so practice virtue at its highest level.Anyone from among you who becomes slothful will be cast out of the Jam a ‘at like a foul thing and will die in sorrow without having caused any harm to God.I give you the good news that your God truly exists.All are His creatures, but He chooses the one who chooses Him.He comes to the one who goes to Him.He bestows honour upon the one who honours Him.So approach Him with straight hearts and pure tongues, eyes and ears so that He may accept you.( Kasht i -e-N uh , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.19, p.15)

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Condition III 73 The Promised Messiah as also says: Don’t think that God will let you go to waste.You are a seed of the Hand of God which was sown in the earth.God says that this seed will grow and flourish and its branches will spread in all directions and it will become a huge tree.So blessed is he who believes in what God says and does not fear the trials that he suffers on his way to God.For the coming of trials is essential so that God may try you to see who is true in his declaration of bai‘at and who is false.Whoever slips at a trial, he would do no harm to God whatsoever and ill-luck would take him to hell.Were he not born, it would have been better for him.But all those who remain steadfast till the end—they will be shaken with quakes of calamities, and storms of misfortune will batter them, people will jeer and mock them, and the world will treat them with extreme hatred—shall at last come out victorious.And doors of bless- ings shall be opened to them.God addressed me and said that I should inform my Jam a ‘at that those who believe and their belief is not adulterated with worldly considerations and is free from hypocrisy and cowardice and is such as it does not fall short of any stage of obedience, these are the people who are favourites of God.And God says that these are the very people who have a sure footing with their Lord.( Al- Wa s iyyat, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.20, p.309) May Allah the Almighty enable all of us to hold fast to these admonitions.May He make us true Ahmad i s and grant us the ability to be always true to our pledge of allegiance.May He make us truly obedient to Allah the Almighty and His

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 74 Apostle.May we never commit anything that blemishes the lovely Jam a ‘at of the Promised Messiah as.O Allah! Forgive our mistakes, conceal our shortcomings, count us always among those who are obedient and faithful to You.Make us hold fast to the pledge of allegiance.Include us among those whom You love.Enable our future generations also to remain true to the pledge.May we never distance ourselves from You.Grant us Your true recognition.O Most Merciful of all mercifuls, have mercy upon us.Accept all our supplications.Make us the inheritors of all the prayers that the Promised Messiah as made for those who join his Jam a ‘at.

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 [From the concluding address delivered at the Annual Convention of the Ahmadiyyah Muslim Jam a ‘at, Germany, on August 24, 2003, in which fourth, fifth and sixth condi- tions of bai‘at were explained in detail.] …This is a very important subject and its need is felt in this age even more.As we move away from the period of the Promised Messiah as , we are prone to feel proud of belonging to the lineage of a particular Companion ra of the Promised Messiah as , yet we are often not as conscious of the sacrifices rendered by our forefathers as we should be.And, though we have inherited their genes, the standards of spirituality have declined.While it is a natural phenomenon that as we move away from the period of Prophethood, some shortcomings and weaknesses may occur, it is important to note that progressive communities do not rest assured by simply blaming the new conditions of changed times as the root of this ill.On the contrary, they keep striving, trusting in the glad tidings and prophecies as members of the Jam a ‘at of the Promised Messiah and the Mahd i as.It is they who will educate the world in the teachings of the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa.The condition set forth for us to achieve this

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 76 goal is that we should stand firm in the belief of the Oneness of God, not only for ourselves but that we should strive to make our next generations stand firm in this belief as well.Now I will present to you an excerpt from the writings of the Promised Messiah as to clarify what he expected of those who took his covenant of bai‘at … The Promised Messiah as say: Seeking forgiveness at my hands demands a type of a death so that you may be given birth to a new life.It is purposeless to take the pledge of bai‘at without sincerity of heart.When you take my pledge of bai‘at , God expects an undertaking from your heart.So the one who accepts me with a true heart and truly seeks forgiveness of his sins, the Forgiving and Merciful God surely forgives his sins.Thus he becomes like a person just born of his mother; then the angels protect him.( Malf uza t , vol.3, p.262)

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IV That under the impulse of any passions, he/she shall cause no harm whatsoever to the creatures of God in general and Muslims in particular, neither by his/her tongue, hands, nor any other means. As is clear from this condition, one should not cause harm whether by one’s hands or by one’s tongue in a fit of anger, under the pretext of one’s self-respect or honour.Clearly, it is mandatory that one should not harm any Muslim.This has been made obligatory upon us.We have to especially abide by this condition because Muslims associate themselves with our dearly Beloved Master the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa.We cannot even imagine harming them.In seeking the help of Allah, the Most Powerful and the Almighty God, Who is the Lord of All Powers, against those self-appointed ‘ulem a ’ who are a blemish on the fair name of Islam—who have exceeded all bounds in their enmity of the Messiah and the Mahd i as of the age—we prostrate at His threshold imploring Him to seize them.We do so because the c o n d i t i o n

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 78 Prophet of Allah had declared them to be the worst of the creation; otherwise, we neither nurse unnecessary grudges against them nor are we angry with anyone.We act upon the commandments of the Almighty Allah.In exhorting us to suppress our anger the Almighty Allah says: 53 Those who spend in prosperity and in adversity, and those who suppress anger and pardon men; and Allah loves those who do good.It was by virtue of this verse that a slave of Hadrat Imam H usain ra , won his freedom.It is said that the slave erroneously dropped something hot (it could have been water) on Hadrat H usain ra.He looked at him angrily.The slave was intelligent and knew the Holy Qur’an as well.He promptly quoted the part of the verse about the suppression of anger.54 Hadrat H usain ra said, ‘You are right; I suppress my anger.’ Now the servant thought that though the anger had been brought under control, it would still remain in his heart.It was possible that he would be chastised for some other mistake later.So he quoted the second part of the verse: 55 53.( A l-e-‘Imr a n , 3:135) 54.…and those who suppress anger… ( A l-e-‘Imr a n , 3:135) 55.…and pardon men… ( A l-e-‘Imr a n , 3:135)

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Condition IV 79 Hadrat H usain said, ‘I have forgiven you.’ The slave’s knowl- edge and promptness gave him immediate benefits.Now he quoted the third part of the verse: 56 Hadrat H usain responded, ‘I hereby grant you freedom.’ In those days, slaves used to be bought.It was not possible to gain one’s freedom so easily.The slave’s quick-wittedness and knowledge got him freedom from his master who was God- fearing.This is the teaching of Islam.Adopt Forgiveness and Forbearance With regard to moral qualities that relate to the attainment of virtue, the Promised Messiah as says: Of these, the first moral quality is forgiveness, that is, to forgive someone’s sins.The virtue in this is that the person who commits a sin causes harm to someone else and, there- fore, becomes liable to be punished or to be put in jail or to be fined or be chastised with direct action.Thus, to forgive him, if forgiveness is appropriate, would be a good deed.In this connection the teaching of the Holy Qur’an is: 57 , 58 56.…and Allah loves those who do good.( A l-e-‘Imr a n , 3:135) 57.( A l-e-‘Imr a n , 3:135)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 80 That is, the virtuous are those who suppress their anger when it is appropriate and forgive when it is appropriate to forgive sins.A bad deed should be requited with an equal amount and in situations where forgiveness of sin is corrective without causing any harm—that is, forgiveness is granted when the occasion warrants and not otherwise—then it merits reward.( Islam i U su l k i Philosophy , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.10, p.351) There is a famous tradition of the Holy Prophet sa that many have heard.Pointing towards his chest, the Holy Prophet sa said: ‘ Taqw a lies in here.’ That is to say, that pure and matchless taqw a , if it were to be found anywhere, lived only in the heart of the Holy Prophet sa.Besides taqw a there is nothing else in his heart.So, O people, O community of believers, for you the ever- lasting instruction is that the example you have to emulate is the model of the Holy Prophet sa.So, search your hearts.Are you making efforts at imbuing yourselves with taqw a by emulating the example of the Holy Prophet sa ? Do you also have the fear of Allah, and is His love in yourselves? As a result, do you have sympathy for and do you do good towards His creation? Now I place before you the tradition in full: Hadrat Ab u Hurairah ra narrates that the Holy Prophet sa said: ‘Do not be jealous of one another.Do not quarrel among yourselves.Do not entertain malice against each other.Do not have enmities against one another.None of you should 58.( al-Sh u r a , 42:41)

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Condition IV 81 overbid on a contract that has been settled by the other.O servants of Allah, be brothers to one another.A Muslim is a brother to another Muslim.He does not oppress his brother.He does not derogate him nor thinks low of him.’ Then pointing towards his chest the Holy Prophet sa said three times, ‘ Taqw a is in here.It is enough evil for a man to think low of his brother.The blood, property and honour of every Muslim are unlawful for another Muslim.’ ( S a hih M usli m, Kit ab- ul- Birri wa s-S ilah, B a bu Ta hri m i-Z ulmil Muslim i Wa Khadhlih) Do Not Cause Harm to Anyone It has been stated in the fourth condition that one should not cause harm to another person whether by one’s hand or one’s tongue or through any other means.I will now explain this condition of bai‘at.From the saying of the Holy Prophet sa that I have presented before, you should focus on the words ‘do not be jealous.’ Jealousy ultimately develops into enmity.A person who has jealousy in his heart always wants to harm the person of whom he is jealous.Jealousy is a type of disease that while it causes harm to the other person, it also consumes the person who is jealous.It gives rise to many other petty feel- ings of spite, such as: why the other person has a better busi- ness, or more wealth or more talented children.In the case of women, jealousy may arise because of someone’s better jewel- lery.Even in religious matters—where good deeds must be appreciated and where people should try to move forward in rendering service to the religion—efforts are made to place obstacles in the way of those who are rendering religious

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 82 service by making accusations against them so that they, too, are deprived of performing service to the religion.Then the Holy Prophet sa admonishes us not to quarrel with each other.Quarrels take place over petty matters.To give an example, sometimes an officer on duty warns a child who has been mischievous in a gathering that if he were to do it again he would be dealt with firmly or be corrected.The parents, sitting nearby, immediately roll up their sleeves for a fight, and the person performing the duty is put down in a terrible way.Through this action of theirs, they not only broke a condition of bai‘at and spoiled their good manners, they also banished from the minds of their next generation the respect for the organisation of the Jam a ‘at and the distinction between good and bad.Then we are directed not to have enmity towards each other.Enmities start from petty matters.Hearts are filled with spite and malice.Some people are always on the lookout for an opportunity to avenge them, while the instruction is not to have enmity with, nor malice for, anyone.Once a Companion ra humbly asked the Holy Prophet sa to give him simple, but unforgettable advice in a few words.The Holy Prophet sa advised him to ‘shun anger’ and then again he said, ‘shun anger.’ When you keep in your mind that you should shun anger, then malice and spite will go away automatically.Another habit of ‘injuring or harming someone, or making another person’s deal go sour’ is to overbid on a contract concluded by the other.In this saying, we have been asked to desist from such actions.A higher price is offered to acquire a thing only to bring the other person’s business down while no

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Condition IV 83 personal gain is achieved from such a bid.This also applies to proposals for marriage.Ahmad i s should keep that prohibition in mind.Then the admonishment is not to oppress anyone, not to think low of anyone, nor to derogate anyone.An oppressor never achieves nearness to Allah.Then, how is it possible that on the one hand one would enter into a pledge of allegiance with the one appointed by Allah to win His favour and on the other one would oppress people by snatching their rights.It is a common practice in our villages not to give brothers their rights, not to give sisters their share of inheritance simply because they have been married to a different family, lest the property move out of the family, There are those that oppress their wives, those that do not respect their rights, and there are wives who do not respect the rights of their husbands.There are many such matters that fall under this category.Many such actions are indicative of the low treatment of others.While you claim to have taken bai‘at and you claim to give up these evil deeds, how can you commit these actions? The clear-cut commandment is that it is not permissible for a Muslim to think poorly of another Muslim under any circumstances.Similarly, the blood, property and honour of a Muslim are made unlawful for another Muslim.So, having accepted the Appointed One of this age, you who act upon Islamic teachings the most, how can these deeds be tolerated on your part, and how can you still be considered a member of the Jam a ‘at of the Promised Messiah as ? I would now present to you some a ha d i th that illustrate what the Companions ra of the Holy Prophet sa did in not

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 84 taking these matters lightly and what changes they made in themselves after they had accepted Islam.Hadrat Ab u Dhar al-Ghaff ari ra used to provide drinking water from his tank.Some members of a family came by.One of them asked the others as to which of them would go to Ab u Dhar ra to hold him by his hair and ask him to render an account of himself.One of them said that he would do it.He went over to Ab u Dhar ra when he was standing near the tank.He started questioning him.Ab u Dhar ra , who was standing at this time, sat down and then he lay down.One of them asked him, ‘Ab u Dhar ra , why did you sit down and then why did you lie down?’ He replied that, ‘the Holy Prophet sa told us, “When anger overcomes one of you while he is standing he should sit down so that this anger would subside; failing that, he should lie down.’” ( Musnadu Ahmadabni H a n bal , vol.5, p.152, printed in Beirut) In another h ad i th the narrator states that: We were sitting in the company of ‘Urwah Bin Muhammad when a man came by.He started talking in a manner that angered ‘Urwah Bin Mu h ammad.The narrator states that when his anger boiled he got up.After performing ablution, he came back to them.He told us that he had heard of a narration passed down by his father through his grandfather, ‘Atiyyah, who was a Companion of the Holy Prophet sa , that the Holy Prophet sa had said: Anger comes from Satan.Satan was made from the fire, and fire is put out by water; so when one of you gets angry, he should perform the ablution.( Musnadu Ahmadabni H a n bal , vol.4, p.226, printed in Beirut)

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Condition IV 85 Hadrat Ziy a d Bin ‘Al a qah ra , on the basis of a narration provided by his uncle Hadrat Qa t bah Bin M a lik ra that the Holy Prophet sa used to supplicate, ‘O my Allah, I seek thy refuge from bad morals, evil deeds and evil desires.’ ( Sunan-ut- Tirmadh i , Kit a bud-Da‘w a t, B a bu Du‘ a ’i Ummi Salamah, H ad i th No.3591) I now present before you what the Promised Messiah as said in this regard and what he expects of the members of the Jam a ‘at.The Promised Messiah as says: The members of my Jam a ‘at, wherever they might be, should listen with attention.The purpose of their joining this Move- ment and establishing the mutual relationship of spiritual preceptor and disciple with me is that they should achieve a high degree of good conduct, good behaviour and righteous- ness.No wrongdoing, mischief, or misconduct should even approach them.They should perform the five daily Prayers regularly, should not utter a falsehood and should not hurt anyone with their speech.They should be guilty of no vice and should not let even a thought of any mischief, or wrong, or disorderliness, or turmoil pass through their minds.They should shun every type of sin, offence, undesirable action, passion, and unmannerly behaviour.They should become pure-hearted and meek servants of God Almighty, and no poisonous germ should flourish in their beings….Sympathy with mankind should be their principle and, they should fear God Almighty.They should safeguard their tongues and their hands and their thoughts against every kind of impurity, disor- derliness and dishonesty.They should join the five daily Prayer

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 86 services without fail.They should refrain from every kind of wrong, transgression, dishonesty, bribery, trespass, and partiality.They should not participate in any evil company.If it should be proved that one who frequents their company does not obey God’s commandments… or is not mindful of the rights of people, or is cruel or mischievous, or is ill- behaved, or is seeking to deceive the servants of God Almighty by speaking ill or abusively of them, or is guilty of imposture towards the persons with whom they have entered into a covenant of bai‘at , it should be their duty to repel him and to keep away from such a dangerous one.They should not design harm against the followers of any religion or the members of any tribe or group.Be true well-wishers of everyone, and take care that no mischievous, vicious, disor- derly, or ill-behaved person, should be ever of your company, or should dwell among you; for such a person could at any time be the cause of your stumbling.… These are matters and conditions that I have been urging from the beginning, and it is the duty of every member of my Jam a ‘at to act upon them.You should indulge in no impurity, mockery or derision.Walk upon the earth with good hearts, pure tempers, and pure thoughts.Not every evil is worth fighting, so cultivate the habit of forgiveness and overlooking defaults, and behave with steadfastness and meekness.Do not attack anyone improperly, and keep your passions under complete control.If you take part in a discus- sion, or in an exchange of views on a religious subject, express yourself gently and be courteous.If anyone misbe- haves towards you, withdraw from such company with a greeting of peace.If you are persecuted or reviled, be

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Condition IV 87 mindful that you should not meet stupidity with stupidity, for otherwise you will be counted in the same category as your opponents.God Almighty desires that you should become a jam a ‘at that should set an example of goodness and truthful- ness for the whole world.Hasten to exclude everyone from your company who sets an example of evil, mischief, provo- cation and ill-behaviour.He who cannot dwell among us in meekness, goodness and piety, using gentle words and comporting himself in ways of good conduct, should depart from us quickly, for God does not desire that such a one should dwell among us.He will die miserably, for he did not adopt the way of goodness.Therefore, be alert, and be truly good-hearted, gentle and righteous.You will be recognised by your regular attendance at Prayer services and your high moral qualities.He who has the seed of evil embedded in him will not be able to conform to this admonition.( Ishtih a r ( The Announcement ), May 29, 1898.Majm u ‘ah Ishti- h a r a t, vol.3, pp.46–48) He further said: A man should not be conceited, nor indecent, nor ill- mannered towards the fellow beings.He should act with love and goodness and should not bear ill-will towards anyone for personal reasons.He should behave firmly or gently in accor- dance with the occasions or conditions.( Malf uza t , new edition, vol.5, p.609)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 88 Adopt Meekness and Humility With respect to meekness and humility the Promised Messiah as says: …Seek forgiveness of Allah before the punishment of God comes to close the door of forgiveness.While the laws of this world are feared, why is it the laws of God are not? When calamities have occurred one has to go through them.Everyone should try to get up for tahajjud and to include qun u t 59 in the five daily Prayers as well.Repent from every- thing that would incur the wrath of Allah.Repentance means giving up all evil deeds and everything that goes against the pleasure of God and undergoing a true change and making progress and adopting the way of righteousness.In this, too, lies the mercy of Allah.Make your habits decent.Shun anger, replacing it with gentleness and meekness.Along with adopting good morals you should give charity as well.60 Which means that for seeking the pleasure of God you feed the poor, the orphans, and the needy, and you say that you perform these acts only for the pleasure of the Almighty Allah, and you fear that extremely terrible Day.In brief, pray, ask forgiveness and keep giving charity, so that the Almighty Allah may deal with you with His Grace and Mercy.( Malf uza t, new edition, vol.1, pp.134–135) 59.A supplication for help and forgiveness of Allah made in witr Prayer.60.( al-Dahr , 76:9)

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Condition IV 89 Then he says: Friends! Hold fast to this rule: deal with all people with kindness.Kindness increases intelligence, and forbearance promotes deeper thinking.Anyone who does not adopt this way is not of us.Anyone from our Jam a ‘at who cannot tolerate the abuse and harshness of our opponents is permitted to have recourse to the courts, but it is not appro- priate that he should counter harshness with harshness and create a dispute.This is the admonishment we have given our Jam a ‘at, and we express our displeasure and declare that the one who does not act upon it is not of our Jam a ‘at.( Tabligh-e-Ris a lat , vol.6.p.170, Majm u ‘ah Ishtih a r a t, vol.2, p.472)

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V That he/she shall remain faithful to God in all circumstances of life, in sorrow and in happiness, in adversity and in pros- perity, in felicity and in trial; and that he/she shall in all conditions remain resigned to the decree of God and keep himself/herself ready to face all kinds of indignities and sufferings in His way and shall never turn away from Him at the onslaught of any misfortune; on the contrary, he/she shall march forward. Allah the Almighty says in the Holy Qur’an: 61 And of men there is he who would sell himself to seek the pleasure of Allah; and Allah is Compassionate to His servants.61.( al-Baqarah , 2:208) c o n d i t i o n

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 92 In explaining this verse of the Holy Qur’an, the Promised Messiah as says: The people of the highest grade among the people—that is, people who are completely lost in the pleasure of Allah, and sell their selves to earn the pleasure of God—are the people upon whom the mercy of Allah descends.… In this verse Allah the Almighty says, ‘Only he is delivered from all tribu- lations who sells his self in My way and for My pleasure.He proves with his utmost endeavours that he belongs to God and considers his entire being as something that has been fashioned for obedience of the Creator and service to the creation…’ ( Islam i U su l k i philosophy, R uha n i Khaz a ’in, vol.10, p.385) Then he says: A loved one of God sells his being in the way of God.In return, he earns the pleasure of God.Such are the ones upon whom the special mercy of God descends.( Islam i U su l k i philosophy, R uha n i Khaz a ’in, vol.10, p.473) Then he says: There are some people who sell their beings hoping that He would be pleased… ( Paigh a mi S ul h , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.23, p.473) For such people, Allah the Almighty has given the glad tiding: 62 62.( al-Fajr , 89:28–31)

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Condition V 93 And thou, O soul at peace! Return to thy Lord well pleased with Him and He well pleased with thee.So enter thou among My servants.And enter thou My Garden.People who are reconciled to the will of Allah, and suffer all hardships and tribulations for His sake, are never left unre- warded by Allah the Almighty.There are many among us who are embodiments of shortcomings and defects.We commit many errors and sins.But if we are in the habit of reconciling to the will of Allah, and are ever-prepared to, and do, suffer all indignities for Him, if we are not like the wailing woman who put up a big clamour on any small suffering, for such patient ones there is a glad tiding from the Holy Prophet sa.Sufferings of a Muslim are an Expiation for Sins Hadrat Ab u Hurairah ra narrates that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘No Muslim suffers any calamity, suffering, pain, discomfort, or anxiety, even as small as the prick of a thorn, but Allah wipes out instead some of his defaults and his sins.’ ( S a hih M usli m, Kit ab- ul-Birri wa s-S ilah, B a bu Thaw a bil - Mo’mini f i m a yu si buh u min Mara d in au H uznin au na h wa dh a lik)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 94 In another h ad i th Hadrat S uhaib Bin Sin a n ra has related that: The Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Wondrous is the case of a believer; there is good for him in everything, and it is so for him alone.If he experiences something agreeable, he is grateful to God and that is good for him; and if he experiences adversity, he is steadfast and that is good for him because he earns merit for his steadfastness.’ ( S a hih M usli m, Kit ab- uz-Zuhdi, B a bul Mo’mini Amruh u kulluh u Khair) Sometimes Allah makes His servants go through sufferings related to his children.There is excessive wailing and crying at the death of children, especially among the women.Thanks to Allah, He has granted to the Ahmadiyyah Muslim Jam a ‘at mothers who are very patient and reconciled to His will.But sometimes there are instances of complaining, especially among the illiterates or those with meagre education.In fact, I have also observed some cases among those with good education that they utter words of ingratitude.There is a h ad i th that the Holy Prophet sa used to take a pledge from women-Companions ra in this respect.The h ad i th runs as follows: Hadrat Usaid ra relates that he heard from a woman- Companion ra who had taken a pledge at the hand of the Holy Prophet sa that the pledge included the following: ‘We will not disobey the Holy Prophet sa , will not tear our faces in wailing, will not raise a hue and cry during mourning, and will not tear our clothes or keep our hair ruffled.’ ( Sunano Ab i D a w u d , Kit ab- u l-J a na’ iz, Bab u n f in-Nau h )

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Condition V 95 Real Time to Show Patience is When Tragedy Strikes Hadrat Anas ra relates that the Holy Prophet sa passed by a woman who was crying by the side of a grave.He said to her, ‘Be mindful of thy duty to Allah and be steadfast.’ She retorted, ‘Leave me alone; you have not been afflicted as I have been.’ She had not known who he was.Someone told her, ‘That was the Holy Prophet sa.’ She proceeded to the door of the Holy Prophet sa and not finding any doorman went in and said to him, ‘I had not recognised you.’ He said, ‘Steadfast- ness means to be resigned at the time of the first shock of grief.’ ( S a hih Al-Bukh ari , Kit ab- ul- J a na’ iz, Bab u Zi yar atil -Q u bur ) Another important point that has been emphasised in the fifth condition is [to remain steadfast] no matter how hard the circumstances, how long the period of hardship, how apparent the worldly attractions, how likely the benefits from diverse worldly activities, and how luring the attractions offered by the worldly powers that tells you not to worry because: ‘as an Ahmad i , even as you maintain ties to the Jam a ‘at, you can still conduct your professional affairs, serve the Jam a ‘at, and sacri- fice financially.’ All of these are caused by Dajj a l [Antichrist] to move you away from Allah and the Jam a ‘at.Therefore, the Promised Messiah as says that if you have taken the pledge, stay away from these snares.Do not be misled by these attractions.Remain faithful to Allah.If you turn to Him, you belong to the Promised Messiah as and will receive everything.The following is a beautiful admonition of the Holy Prophet sa in this respect.

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 96 Hadrat Ibn-e-‘Abb a s ra has related that: I was once riding with the Holy Prophet sa.He said, ‘My dear child, I am going to teach you a few things: Keep Allah in mind, He will safe- guard you; keep Allah in mind, you will find Him nearby.When in need, ask only of Allah; if you need help, ask Him alone for help.Remember, if the whole world joins together to benefit you, it can do nothing to benefit you, except if Allah wishes and decrees it for you.And if they all join to hurt you, they can do nothing to hurt you, except if Allah decrees the harm for you.The pens have been stored away and the ink has dried.” ( Sunan-ut-Tirmadh i , Kit a bu S ifatil Qiy a mah, B a b No.59) Another version is: Keep Allah in mind, you will find Him before you.Recognise Allah in times of ease, He will recognise you in times of hard- ship.Remember, what escaped you was not decreed for you; and what is decreed for you will definitely come to you.Remember, the help of Allah comes as a result of steadfastness, and times of ease and times of hardship are commingled, and every hardship is followed by times of ease.( Ri ad -u s-Sa li hi n Lil Imam An-Nawaw i , B a b-ul-Mur a qabah, H ad i th No.62) Nothing that the Holy Prophet sa did was against the pleasure of Allah; yet, he prayed fervently, he prayed for the pleasure of Allah.Hadrat Muhammad Bin Ibr a h i m ra narrates a h ad i th from Hadrat ‘A ishah ra , ‘Once I was sleeping by the side of the Holy Prophet sa.During a time at night I did not find him there.While searching around, my hand touched his feet while he

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Condition V 97 was prostrating.He was praying, “Allah, I seek the protection of Thy pleasure against Thy displeasure; and I seek the protec- tion of Thy forgiveness against Thy punishment.I cannot count the ways of praising Thee.You are as You have described Your Holy Self.”’ ( Sunan-ut-Tirmadh i , Kit a b-ud- Da‘w a t, B a bu M a J a ’a f i ‘ Aqdit-Tas bih i Bil-yad) Another tradition says that: Someone from Medina heard from Hadrat ‘Abdul Wahh a b Bin al-Ward ra that Hadrat Mu‘ a wiyah ra wrote to Hadrat ‘A ishah ra requesting some advice.She replied, ‘ Assal a mo ‘Alaikum.I have heard the Holy Prophet sa say, “One who seeks the pleasure of Allah, even at the cost of displeasing some people, Allah is Sufficient for him against them.But he who displeases Allah for the sake of pleasing some people, Allah hands him over to those people.”’ ( Sunan-ut-Tirmadh i , Kit a b-uz-Zuhd, B a bu M a J a ’a f i H i fz i l-L is an, H ad i th No.2414 ) You Are the Last Jam a ‘at Established by Allah The Promised Messiah as writes: It is inevitable that you should be tried with diverse types of pain and misfortune as the faithful before you were tried.Be mindful, lest you should stumble.So long as you have a firm relationship with heaven, the earth can do you no harm.Whenever harm befalls you, it will be through yourself and not through your enemy.Even if you lose all honour on earth, Allah will bestow eternal honour upon you from heaven.So

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 98 do not let go of Him.It is inevitable that you be persecuted and suffer many disappointments, but do not lose heart, for it is Allah Who tests you whether you are steadfast in His cause or not.If you desire that angels should praise you in heaven, then endure beating and be joyful, hear abuse and be grateful, experience failure and do not cut your relationship with Allah.You are the last Jam a ‘at of Allah, so practice virtue at its highest level.Anyone from among you who becomes slothful will be cast out of the Jam a ‘at like a foul thing and will die in sorrow and will be able to do no harm to Allah.I give you the good news that your God truly exists.All are His creatures, but He chooses the one who chooses Him.He comes to the one who goes to Him.He bestows honour upon him who honours Him.( Kasht i -e-N uh , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.19, p.15) Then the Promised Messiah as says: What we need to do is to please Allah.That requires sincerity, truthfulness, and fidelity, not that the efforts of our Jam a ‘at be limited to mere verbiage.When Allah is pleased with us, He puts blessings in our affairs and opens the doors of His grace and blessings.… This narrow gate—the gate of truthfulness and fidelity—is not easy to cross.We can never be boastful that we start receiving dreams or revelations and thus we sit idly and refrain from utmost striving.Allah the Almighty does not like that….( Al-Badr , vol., 3, No.18–19, May 8–16, 1904, p.10) Then he says: Every true believer passes through such circumstances.If he becomes His with sincerity and fidelity, Allah becomes his

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Condition V 99 friend.But if the structure of faith is weak, there are dangers.We have no knowledge of the secrets of anybody’s heart… but anyone who totally belong to God receives His protection.Although He is the God of everyone, He manifests especially to those who hand themselves over to God.To hand oneself over to God means that the self be totally demolished and nothing should remain of it.That is why I tell my Jam a ‘at again and again that they should take no pride in taking the pledge.If the heart is not purified, there is no merit in placing their hands in my hand.… But anyone who makes a true pledge attains forgiveness of even major sins and receives a new life.( Malf uza t , new edition, vol.3, p.65) Those Who Belong to the Promised Messiah as Cannot be Separated From Him Then the Promised Messiah as says: He who does not wish to follow me can depart from me.I do not know how many terrible and thorny forests I may have to cross.Why do those who are tender-footed put themselves to trouble with me? Those who are mine will not depart from me, neither on account of misfortune, nor in consequence of the vilification of people, nor through heavenly trials and trib- ulations.Those who are not mine, vain are their affirmations of friendship, for they will soon be separated from me and their last state will be worse than their first.Shall we be afraid of earthquakes; shall we become frightened by trials in the cause of Allah? Can we be separated by any trial that comes from our Beloved Allah? Certainly not, but only through His

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 100 grace and mercy.Those who wish to depart may do so; we bid them farewell.But they should remember that after thinking ill and cutting asunder, if they should again incline towards me, such inclination would not receive the honour from God as is bestowed upon the faithful, for the stain of ill- thinking and treachery is a big stain.( Anw a r-ul-Islam, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.9, pp.23–24) Steadfastness One hundred years ago, two elders of the Jam a ‘at demon- strated perfect fidelity and steadfastness.They were true to their pledge, very true.They were enticed with different kinds of attractions to break the pledge, but these princes of steadfastness paid no attention to them and remained true to their pledge.The Promised Messiah as has paid excellent tribute to them.They are Sahibz a dah Sayyed ‘Abdul La ti f Shah i d ra and ‘Abdur-Ra h m a n Kh a n ra.I present an excerpt from the Promised Messiah as : Ponder with faith and fairness that if a Jam a ‘at were based entirely on deceit, falsehood, and trickery, could its members demonstrate such steadfastness and valour that they should not forsake this path, accept being trampled under stones and— not worrying about their wives and children—offer their lives despite the repeated promises of release on condition of renouncing bai‘at ? Sheikh ‘Abdur-Ra h m a n ra was slaughtered in Kabul in the same manner.He made no protest nor begged for release by renouncing bai‘at.

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Condition V 101 This alone is the sign of a true faith and a true Imam.When someone attains a true understanding and the heart is permeated with spiritual sweetness, such a person does not fear being killed in this path.Of course, those whose faith is skin-deep, and faith has not permeated their limbs and veins, can turn apostate like Judas Iscariot.There are examples of such apostates in the life of every Prophet.Thanks to Allah that a large party of the faithful is with me; every one of them is a sign for me.This is the Grace of my Lord.Translation: O my Lord, You are my Paradise, and Your Mercy is my protection, and Your signs are my nourishment and Your Grace is my mantle.( H aq i qat-ul-Wa hy i, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.22, pp.360–361) The history of the Ahmadiyyah Muslim Jam a ‘at over the last one hundred years bears witness that such examples of faith- fulness and fidelity have been repeatedly demonstrated.There were losses of lives and property.There were martyr- doms.Children were killed in the presence of fathers, and fathers were killed in the presence of children.Then did Allah—Who is the Greatest in rewarding faithfulness— permit this blood to be spilled in vain? No.He showered His Mercy upon their progenies in an unprecedented way.Many of you who are present here or are spread in many countries are personal witnesses to this.Indeed, many of you

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 102 are the recipients of these blessings.This is a consequence of the fidelity that you have shown towards Allah and the way you remained true to the pledge of allegiance.When the time of ease comes, do not forget this pledge of bai‘at nor let your future generations forget it.Always remain faithful to the dear Allah, so that His blessings may continue to pour on your future generations; transfer this relationship of fidelity to the coming generations.

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VI That he/she shall refrain from following un-Islamic customs and lustful inclina- tions and shall completely submit himself/herself to the authority of the Holy Qur’an; and that he/she shall make the Word of God and the sayings of the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa his/ her guiding principles in every walk of his/her life. The Promised Messiah as admonishes us not to follow the un-Islamic customs that people have added to their faith because of the influence of the society in which they live.These customs have been adopted from other religions.For example, there are some frivolous customs during cele- brations of marriage—like showing off the dowery given to the bride by her groom’s family, or the gifts brought by them, or publicly displaying the dowery given to the bride by her own family.There is quite a show.Islam only enjoins h aq mehr [bride’s due right] to be publicly announced as a part of the c o n d i t i o n

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 104 religious marriage ceremony.All other customs are frivolous.First, when showing off the dowery from either side, those who are well-off want to show that they are giving more than their counterparts did in their marriage.All of this is worldly competition and show.These days, there are many among you whom Allah the Almighty has blessed greatly after migration 63.This is one of the blessings of joining the Jam a ‘at of the Promised Messiah as.It is a consequence of the sacrifices made by your forefathers and a blessing resulting from the supplications offered by them.But there are some who, instead of being thankful by bowing before Allah the Almighty and spending in His way, become a prey to self-exultation and demonstration by exces- sive spending in marriages.A lot of food is wasted in marriage celebrations and wal i - mahs [reception given by husband after the marriage has been consummated].Many dishes are prepared for public display.As a consequence, those who are not so well-off go into debt in order to have bridal dowery to display publicly.Some parents have to go into debt for fear of criticisms from their in-laws that their daughter has not brought much dowery with her.The groom’s family should fear Allah.Do not permit your poor in-laws to go into debt in order to maintain your own false sense of self-esteem because the claim you make is that you are Ahmad i s and are committed to abide by the ten conditions of bai‘at.63.The reference is to members of the Jam a ‘at who have migrated from the rule of oppressive Islamic governments to western countries for religious freedom.

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Condition VI 105 I have thus far briefly mentioned one custom during marriage.If I elaborate upon the subject further, I can cite many other prevailing customs during marriage ceremonies.When the customs take root, their victim is blinded and gradually comes fully into the grip of carnal desires, whereas the pledge during bai‘at is that he/she will safeguard completely from the carnal desires and will be completely subservient to the sovereignty of Allah and the Holy Prophet sa.What do Allah and His Apostle expect from us? Only that we forsake frivolous customs and abide by the commandments of Allah.Allah the Almighty says in the Holy Qur’an: 64 But if they do not accept this invitation of yours, then know that they only follow their own evil inclinations.And who is more erring than he who follows his evil inclinations without any guidance from Allah? Verily Allah guides not the unjust people.In this verse Allah has given a very clear verdict that should make us fearful: those who follow their vain desires will never be rightly guided.We claim that we have recognised and accepted the Imam of the Age but despite taking a pledge with the Imam to forsake all vain customs we are clinging to them.Everyone should examine himself: Are we taking retrograde steps? If we are true to the pledge and—fearing our Lord and eschewing 64.( al-Qa s a s , 28:51)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 106 carnal desires—we turn to our Beloved Allah and praise Him, He gives us the glad tiding of Paradise.As Almighty Allah says in the Holy Qur’an: 65 But as for him who fears the station of his Lord, and restrains his soul from evil desires, the Paradise shall surely be his home.I will present a few a ha d i th pertaining to the topic of rituals and customs.Hadrat ‘A ishah ra has related that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘An innovation in religion which has nothing to do with matters of faith is to be rejected and is unacceptable.’ ( S a hih Al- Bukh ari , Kit ab- u s-S ul h i, Bab u Iza st ala hu ‘a la s u lh i n jaurin) Hadrat J a bir ra relates that the Holy Prophet sa addressed us and his eyes were showing redness, his voice became louder, and he was very excited as if he was warning us of an invading army.He said, ‘The enemy is about to attack you any time during the day or night.’ He also said, ‘I and the Hour have been sent in close proximity.’ (He joined his two fingers to demonstrate the closeness while he said this.) Then he added, ‘Now I tell you that the best discourse is the Book of Allah and the best guidance is the guidance given by Muhammad sa.The most evil thing is to introduce innovations in religion; and every innovation leads to error.’ ( S a hih M usli m, Kit ab- ul - J umu‘ati , B a bu Takh fif i s-S al a ti wal-Khu t bah) 65.( al-N a zi ‘a t , 79:41–42)

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Condition VI 107 Hadrat ‘Amr Bin al-‘Auf ra has narrated that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘The person who revives any one of my sunnah so that others start practicing it, he will reap the reward equal to all those persons’ rewards who act upon that sunnah , and their reward shall remain with them as well.The person who introduces an innovation and others adopt it, he shall share in the sins of all those who act on it, and their sins will remain with them as well.’ ( Sunano Ibn-e-M aj ah , Kit a bul-Muqaddimah, B a bu man A hya Sunnatan qad um i tat) Evolving Innovations and Rituals Deserve to be Rejected In short, the Holy Prophet sa told us in the above-quoted a h ad i th that those innovations that have nothing to do with faith, which take one away from faith, which disrespect the commandments of Allah and His Apostle, are all worthy of rejection.They are all useless and ought to be shunned.Stay away from them because they will gradually corrupt faith.You can see that innovations have taken a firm foothold in other religions and have corrupted them.This, indeed, was bound to happen because it was destined that Islam should remain the only living faith.But if you make a close examina- tion you will find that other religions such as Christianity— despite being one religion—have made many local customs in different countries as a part of faith in that country.We observe the same phenomenon in Africa.When the path of innovations is opened, new innovations continue to creep up.The Holy Prophet sa has expressed grave concern and has given severe warnings to those who create innovations in

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 108 matters of religion.He was very concerned about it.A h ad i th relates that he said, ‘I am terrified at the thought of you falling prey to these innovations and lustful inclinations.I am afraid that this may cause great harm to the religion and may lead you astray!’ These days, you are living in Western societies that have many customs and rituals of their own which can create distance between you and your religion and that can diminish the beauty of Islamic teachings for you.The lustre of worldli- ness is far more attractive; therefore, there is need for great caution at every step.Instead of adopting their wrong customs, we must present the beautiful teachings of Islam.Each Ahmad i should possess such a strong character that Western culture should have no effect on him/her whatso- ever.For instance, women are enjoined to observe purdah [the veil] according to Islamic teachings.It is in the interest of a woman’s integrity that she attains a prominent status in society due to the fact that she observes Islamic purdah.When a woman observes purdah willingly and she herself tells others the benefits of this Islamic injunction, it will have a far greater impact on others as compared to men who propagate the advantage of purdah in this society.Those women who observe purdah acquire many more chances to perform tabl i gh due to their unique prominence in society.This matter requires great attention.There exist many other social evils in Western society.To adopt them merely because we live in this society and we feel compelled to do so is, indeed, a worrisome situation.For instance, it is wrong on your part to befriend someone who consumes alcohol and to accompany him to a restaurant or a

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Condition VI 109 bar thinking that: ‘he would drink alcohol but I will drink coffee or some other beverage.’ Great caution is required.One day, you may be influenced by him to try just one sip and then God forbid, it becomes your habit to drink.Keep the following h ad i th of the Holy Prophet sa in mind: Hadrat Ab u Barzah ra relates that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘I fear that you may be tempted by the lusts of the flesh and sexual cravings, and I am afraid of the evil consequences of sensual temptations.’ ( Musnadu Ahmadabni H a n bal , vol.4.p.423, printed in Beirut) The Promised Messiah as says: Until a man truly endeavours and works hard, he cannot attain the treasure of divine understanding which Islam contains and which brings a death upon the life tainted by sin.Allah the Almighty says very clearly: 66 It is easy for someone to boast that he believes in God, and despite this claim, to lack altogether the impact caused by real belief.Such a claim would be utter nonsense.Such people have no regard for God, and God cares for them not.( Al- H akam , vol.9, No.29, August 17, 1905, p.6) 66.But as for him who fears to stand before his Lord, and restrains his soul from evil desires, the Garden shall surely be his home.( al-N a zi ‘a t , 79:41–42)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 110 Then he says: One who is fearful of standing before God and secures himself against the selfish desires attains the station of Paradise.To secure oneself against the carnal desires is the death of the ego.By doing so, one can please God in this very world and thereby attain Paradise.( Al-Badr , vol.1, August 3, 1905, p.2) The Holy Qur’an is Our Guide to Islamic Teachings Refraining from unwanted customs and rituals, and restraining oneself from lustful inclinations, are indeed part of Islamic teachings.To comprehend this teaching, we turn towards the Holy Qur’an as our Guide.The truth of the matter is that if a believer adopts the Holy Qur’an as the source of guidance in his daily life, all his evils will start vanishing automatically.His heart shall contain no lustful desires because this is the pure Book which completes the shar i ‘ah as a way of life.Keeping in view all facets of human life, Allah the Almighty revealed this Book to the pure heart of the Holy Prophet sa.And then whenever it was required, the Holy Prophet sa expounded upon the teachings through his practices, actions, and sayings.That is the reason why the Promised Messiah as has instructed us to accept the Book as fully binding upon us.I would, therefore, like to present references from the Qur’an, the h ad i th and some writings of the Promised Messiah as with respect to this topic.

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Condition VI 111 Allah the Almighty says: 67 And indeed We have made the Holy Qur’an easy to understand and to remember.But is there anyone who would receive admonition? There is a h ad i th : Hadrat Ab u M u s a al-Ash‘ar i ra relates that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘The example of a believer who recites the Qur’an and acts accordingly is like that of a citron that tastes good and smells good.And a believer who does not recite the Qur’an but acts upon it is like a date, which is good in taste but has no smell.And the example of a hypocrite who recites the Qur’an is like the basil, which smells good, but tastes bitter.And the example of a hypocrite who neither recites the Qur’an nor acts upon it is like the colocynth, which tastes bitter and has bad smell.’ ( S a hih Al-Bukh ari , Kit ab u Fa da’ ili l- Qur’an , Bab u Ithmi man ra’ a bi-Qir a ’atil-Qur’ani au ta’akkala bihi au fakhura bih) The Promised Messiah as says: …the Holy Qur’an is filled with deep points of wisdom.It excels the Bible in every way in teaching true goodness.In particular, the lamp that shows the Real and Unchangeable Allah is held by none other than the Qur’an.Allah knows how many would have fallen victim to the worship of creatures if Qur’an had not been revealed.Thanks to Allah that the Unity 67.( al-Qamar , 54:18)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 112 that had disappeared from the world has been re-established.( To hf ah-e-Qai s ariyyah , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.12, p.282) Your Life Lies in the Holy Qur’an Then the Promised Messiah as says: Do not leave the Holy Qur’an as a forsaken thing because therein lies your life.Those who honour the Holy Qur’an will be the honoured ones in Heaven.Those who give precedence to the Qur’an over every h ad i th and saying will be granted precedence in heaven.There is no book for humanity on the face of the earth except the Qur’an; and there is no Messenger and Intercessor for the children of Adam except Mu h ammad, the Chosen one, may peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.( Kasht i -e-N uh , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.19, p.13) The Promised Messiah as also says: The Holy Qur’an attracts its true followers with its spiritual qualities and inherent light.It illumines their hearts and then manifests mighty signs to establish such a strong bond with God as cannot be broken by a cutting sword.It opens the eye of the heart and closes the dirty pond of sin.It grants the blessing of delicious converse with Allah and grants knowl- edge of the Unseen.It informs the supplicant of the accep- tance of prayers.Anyone who opposes a true follower of the Holy Qur’an, is shown by the mighty signs of Allah the Almighty that Allah is with His servant who follows His Book.( Chashma-e-Ma‘rifat, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.23, pp.308–309)

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Condition VI 113 Then he says: Beware! Do not take a single step in contravention of Allah’s teaching and the Guidance contained in the Qur’an.Verily, I tell you truly that whosoever evades even the least of the seven hundred commandments embodied in the Holy Qur’an, he slams the door of salvation upon himself.Only the Holy Qur’an has opened the real and perfect paths of salvation; all others were only its shadows.Therefore, you should study this Holy Scripture with the utmost attention and deepest thought; and you should love it as you have never loved anything else.For indeed, as God has conveyed to me: All kinds of goodness in contained in the Qur’an—and this is the truth.Unfortunate, indeed, are those who give preference to other things over it.The Holy Qur’an is the fountainhead for all your success and salvation.There is not even a single religious need that has not been provided for you in this Holy Book.On the Day of Judgement, the Holy Qur’an will attest to or falsify your faith; and apart from the Qur’an there is no other book under heavens that can provide you with guidance without a reference to the Qur’an.It is, indeed, a great blessing of God that He has bestowed a book like this upon you.Verily, I tell you truly that the book that has been read to you, had it been read to the Christians, they would not have perished; and the blessing and guidance that have been vouch- safed upon you, had they been extended to the Jews in place of the Torah, some of their sects would not have ended up denying the Day of Judgement.Realise, therefore, the value of the blessing bestowed upon you.It is a precious blessing, and a

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 114 great treasure.Without the Holy Qur’an, the whole world would have been no better than a dirty clot of half-formed flesh.Indeed, it is a book compared to which all other sources of guidance amount to nothing at all.( Kasht i -e-N uh , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.19, pp.26–27) Everyone of us should analyse as to what extent he loves the Holy Qur’an and obeys its commandments and tries to prac- tice them in his life.There are ways of manifesting love.The most important thing for an Ahmad i is to make it obligatory upon him to recite a minimum of two or three ruk u ‘ 68 of the Holy Qur’an regularly.Then, taking the next step, he should read it with translation.By reciting the Holy Qur’an daily along with reading the translation, its beautiful teachings subconsciously filter into the deep layers of the mind.Another matter enjoined by the Promised Messiah as in the sixth condition is to adopt the ordinances of Allah and His Apostle as a code of life in every matter and to refer to them whenever the need arises.This is not mere lip-service.If you ponder over this directive, it will cause great concern.Allah the Almighty says: 69 O ye who believe! obey Allah, and obey His Messenger and those who are in authority over you.And if you differ in 68.The Holy Qur’an is divided, for the convenience of recitation into 30 p a rahs (parts), and each p a rah is divided into ruk u ‘.69.( al-Nis a’ , 4:60)

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Condition VI 115 anything among yourselves, refer it to Allah and His Messenger if you are believers in Allah and the Last Day.That is best and most commendable in the end.Again, He says: 70 And obey Allah and the Messenger that you may be shown mercy.Again, He says: 71 They ask thee concerning the spoils of wars.Say, ‘The spoils belong to Allah and the Messenger.So fear Allah, and set things right among yourselves, and obey Allah and His Messenger, if you are believers.In these verses, Allah the Almighty directs us to earnestly obey His commandments and to practise them sincerely.We are also instructed to act according to the explanation of these commandments provided by the Holy Prophet sa.Exhibit full obedience to the appointed leaders and the organisation of the Community; only then it can be said that you have truth- fully fulfiled your dues to your bai‘at.70.( A l-e-‘Imr a n , 3:133) 71.( al-Anf a l , 8:2)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 116 I will now present some a ha d i th on this subject.Hadrat ‘Ub a dah Bin A s - Sa mit ra narrates, ‘We made a solemn pledge at the hand of the Messenger of Allah on the condition that we will pay heed to and obey all his directives whether we like them or not.’ ( S a hih Al-Bukh ari , Kit ab ul-A hka m, Bab u K aifa Y u bay i‘u l- Im a mun-N a s) ‘Abdur-Ra h m a n Bin ‘Amr As-Salam i and Hadrat H ujr Bin H ujr said, ‘We went to ‘Irb ad Bin S a riyah ra who said, “One day the Apostle of Allah led us in the morning Prayer, then gave us a very effective and eloquent exhortation at which the eyes shed tears and the hearts became fearful.A man among the audience said, ‘O Apostle of Allah! It seems as if it were a farewell exhortation! So, what injunction do you give us?’ He then said, ‘I enjoin you to fear Allah, hear and obey even if your Am i r [Leader] be an Abyssinian slave, for a time is coming that those of you who live after me will see great disagreement.You must then follow my rightly guided Khulaf a ’ [caliphs] and me.Stick to it and hold fast to it.You have to avoid innovations in the religion, for every innovations introduced in the name of religion is an undesirable one, and every innovation is a manifest error.’” ( Sunan-ut-Tirmadh i , Kit a bul ‘Ilmi B a bu m a Ja ’a Fil-Akhdhi Bis Sunnah.Also Sunano Ab i D a w u d , Kit ab- us - Sunnati , Bab u Luz u mis Sunnah) We, the Ahmad i s who claim complete obedience to the Holy Prophet sa and declare our absolute faith, should always keep this advice and the h ad i th in our minds.Hadrat Anas ra narrates that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Whoever possesses the following three qualities will taste the sweet

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Condition VI 117 delight of faith: first, Allah and His Apostle become dearer to him than anything else.Second, he loves a person only for the sake of Allah’s love! Third, he hates to revert to disbelief as he hates to be thrown into the fire!’ ( S a hih Al-Bukh ari , Kit a bul- I m a n, B a bu H al a watil I m a n) The Promised Messiah as says: Look, Allah the Almighty says in the Holy Qur’an: 72 The only way to please Allah the Almighty is to be fully obedient to the Holy Prophet sa ; and there is no other way that will lead you to the communion with God.The final objec- tive of man should always be to find the One God who is without any partner.He should shun associating anyone with God and indulging in innovations! He should be obeying the Messenger sa and not following his personal lusts and base desires.Listen, I say it again: Man cannot succeed in any other way but by treading the true path of the Messenger sa of Allah.We have only one Messenger sa ; and only one Holy Qur’an was revealed to that Messenger sa —obeying whom we can find God.The innovations introduced by the present day fuqar a ’ [hermits] and the methods of dur u d and wa za ’if [prayer incan- tations] invented by the leaders of the hermitages are all a tool that leads a man astray.Stay away from them.These people have tried to break the Seal of the Prophets and in a way have made a different shar i ‘ah.You should remember that the key 72.Say, ‘If you love Allah, follow me: then will Allah love you… ( A l-e-‘Imr a n , 3:32)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 118 for opening the door of Allah’s blessings and grace is only to adhere to the injunctions of the Holy Qur’an and to follow the Holy Prophet sa and to establish Prayer and keep fasting in the established manner.That person is lost who adopts any new path instead of following those established ways.That person shall end up dying in failure who does not comply with the dictates of Allah and His Messenger and walks diver- gent paths.( Malf uza t , new edition, vol.3, pp.102–103) The Promised Messiah as again says: Almighty Allah says in the Holy Qur’an: 73 The only way to please Allah the Almighty is to be fully obedient to the Holy Prophet sa.It is a common observation that people have become a slave to and are entangled in various kinds of customs.When someone dies, instead of praying for the deceased, as they should, they perform various rituals that are innovations.These customs are contrary to the teachings of the Holy Prophet sa.Carrying them out is disrespectful to him in the sense that his teachings are not considered to be sufficient and final.Otherwise, there was no need to introduce these customs.( Malf uza t , new edition, vol.3, p.316) 73.Say, ‘If you love Allah, follow me: then will Allah love you… ( A l-e-‘Imr a n , 3:32)

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Condition VI 119 Then he says: This temporary life will come to an end—whether spent in constrained circumstances or times of ease.But the matter of the Hereafter is very hard.It is an everlasting abode that has no end in time.If one goes to that life in a condition that one’s affairs with Allah are straight, and the fear of Allah had over- powered one’s heart, and with repentance from sins, he had secured himself from everything that Allah has designated as sin, the Grace of Allah will guide him.He will be pleased with his Lord, and his Lord will be pleased with him.But if one does not do so and spends this life in heedlessness, his end is dangerous.Therefore, at the time of bai‘at , make a firm deter- mination of what bai‘at is and what benefits it provides.If it is done merely for worldly objectives, it is useless.But if it is for the sake of faith and pleasure of Allah, then it is blessed and carries its real aims and objectives.It can be hoped that it will provide all the benefits that the true bai‘at provides.( Malf uza t , vol.6, p.142) May Allah enable us to accept the Promised Messiah as as the Imam of this Age from the core of our heart! With great pain and care he wanted to prepare a Jam a ‘at for establishing the Kingdom of God and His Messenger, and advised us with anguish in his heart.May Allah make us deserving of what he wanted us to be, and may we fully comply with all the condi- tions of the pledge of bai‘at.May we act upon them, and always keep them before our eyes.No action of ours should make us guilty of contradicting the teachings of the Promised Messiah as , and we should always be examining our deeds.May Allah the Almighty help us.

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 120 Today, with the grace of Allah the Almighty, after du ‘a ’ this Convention 74 will reach its end.May we for the entire year, indeed for the entire life, be the recipients of the blessings and spiritual benefits of this Convention.May Allah cultivate and maintain the bond of love in our coming generations for Allah, His Messenger, the Promised Messiah as and khil a fat.May Allah expose not our past shortcomings and sins, and may He forgive us, and may He, out of His sheer Grace, keep us among the Jam a ‘at of His dear ones.Our Allah! You are Forgiving and Merciful.Forgive our sins.Take mercy on us.Take us under the cover of Your forgiveness and mercy.Never allow us to depart from You.A m i n, y a Rabbal ‘ A lam i n 75 ! 74.Reference is to the Annual Convention of the Ahmadiyyah Muslim Jam a ‘at, Germany, on August 24, 2003.75.Accept our supplication, O Lord of All the Worlds.

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VII That he/she shall entirely give up pride and vanity and shall pass all his/her life in humbleness, cheerfulness, forbearance and meekness. [From the Friday sermon delivered at Frankfurt, Germany, on August 29, 2003, in which seventh and eighth conditions of bai‘at were discussed in detail.] Next to Shirk , There is no Affliction Like Arrogance After exhibiting his pride, Satan had decided from the very beginning that he would try his utmost to hinder men from becoming true servants of Allah.He had made up his mind to entrap mankind through various ways.Even when man would perform a virtuous act, Satan would make him self- conceited, and thus through his personal vanity and egotism, he could be led to be proud and arrogant.This sense of pride would, in the end, make man lose the reward of his virtuous c o n d i t i o n

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 122 act.Satan himself disobeyed Allah’s command due to his personal vanity.Therefore, from day one, through the use of this very tool in its various forms, he resolved to lead man astray from the right path.Only the servants of the Gracious God, who are His special servants and are engaged in His worship, generally remain unharmed of Satan’s attack.Other- wise, it is through the trap of pride that Satan usually succeeds in holding mankind in his captivity.One must not take it lightly that we accepted the condition at the time of making bai‘at that we would not indulge in pride and vanity.Give up arrogance in its entirety.It is not easy.Arrogance has many diverse forms.Satan attacks mankind utilising different methods.It is an extremely terri- fying state! Actually, it is only through the Grace of Allah that one can be saved from it.Therefore, in the seventh condition, the Promised Messiah as also introduced a way to obtain Allah’s Graces.He said if we try to break away from the habit of arro- gance, but do not fill in the emptiness with humility and meekness, then arrogance would attack us again.Therefore, adopt humbleness! Allah the Almighty loves the way of humility.The Promised Messiah as himself demonstrated humbleness to such an extent that it has no parallel.That is the reason that Allah the Almighty was so pleased with him that He said to him in a revelation: (Urdu) ‘He liked your humble ways!’ We claim to have made bai‘at with the Promised Messiah as , and we have accepted him as the Imam of the Age.Therefore, it is all the more important for us to adopt this moral quality.

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Condition VII 123 Man has no reason to show arrogance and haughtiness.In the Holy Qur’an Allah the Almighty says: 76 And walk not in the earth haughtily, for thou canst not rend the earth, nor canst thou reach the mountains in height.This verse makes it clear that man has no position at all to strut about.What is it that he is so proud of? Some people think they are the kings of the time.They do not wish to come out of their limited circle.Remaining within their limited circles, they think of themselves as something grand.I am going to give the example of the smallest circle—that of domestic circumstances.It is truly alarming to see how savagely some men mistreat their wives and children.Some girls write to me telling me they have now become adults, but since their childhood they have been witnessing the oppres- sive treatment of their fathers towards their mothers and themselves, but now they cannot tolerate it any more.They used to hide in their rooms as soon as their father entered the house.If their mother or anyone of them happened to say anything against his likings, the father was so cruel that he would beat them.It is only arrogance that has turned fathers like this to commit such extremities.Most of them keep a nice posture outside their homes and people think no one is as noble as those persons.Thus, the outsiders have a favour- able opinion about them.But there are some who keep an 76.( Ban i Isr a ’ i l , 17:38)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 124 arrogant attitude both inside and outside of their homes, and their condition is obviously well known to all.Consequently, on coming of age, the children of such ill-mannered and arro- gant men, especially their sons, show a reaction to their father’s cruelty to their mothers, sisters or themselves.They start confronting their father, and when the time comes when the father becomes weak in his old age, they take their revenge.There are several circles in society, and the circle of domestic affairs is only one of them.There is also a social circle outside the home.If you take a survey, you will contin- uously discover such examples of arrogance in all these circles.The extreme form of arrogance is found in the wider circle: due to arrogance some nations, countries, and governments look down upon the rest.They despise poor nations and countries.Today, this is a major cause of disorder and trouble in the world.If the arrogance is eliminated, disorder shall disappear, but the arrogant nations and governments do not realise that when Allah decides to break the disdainful attitude of the haughty, they disappear forever from the face of the earth.Allah says in the Holy Qur’an: 77 And do not puff up your cheek before men in pride nor walk in the earth haughtily; surely, Allah loves not any arrogant boaster.77.( Luqm a n , 31:19)

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Condition VII 125 As is evident from this verse, Allah says that we should not walk around displaying pride and arrogance.The proud people have a special style of their own.Allah does not like a stiff-necked person walking around.Some people habitually stand proudly in front of their subordinates, but they show humbleness in front of their superiors.The evil of hypocrisy is evident in such persons.Thus, the trait of arrogance breeds many other evils; slowly and gradually all paths of virtue are fully closed.Such persons drift away from religion and also from the Ni za m-e-Jam a ‘at [Organisation of the Jam a ‘at].As their arrogance increases, they move further away from the nearness and blessings of Allah and His Messenger.It is mentioned in one h ad i th : Hadrat J a bir ra narrated that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘On the Day of Judgement the dearest to me, the closest to me, shall be those who are the best in good morals.And those among you shall be most severely under the wrath and farthest from me who are tharth a r , those who are foul-mouthed and vain babblers; mutashaddiq , those who talk making wry faces and distend their cheeks; and mutfaihiq.’ The Companions ra asked, ‘O Messenger sa of Allah! We know the meaning of tharth a r , and matashaddiq , but who are the mutfaihiq ? He replied, ‘ Mutfaihiq are those who speak haughtily, arrogantly.’ ( Sunan- ut-Tirmadh i , Abw a b - ul-Birri wa s-S ilah, B a bu f i Ma ‘a lil Akhl a q) Hadrat Ibn-e-Mas‘ u d ra narrated that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Three things are the roots of every sin.One should avoid them.Refrain from arrogance because it was due to arrogance that Satan was instigated not to prostrate to Adam.Second,

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 126 stay away from greed because it was greed that made Adam eat the fruit of the forbidden tree.Third, avoid jealousy because it was out of jealously that one of Adam’s sons killed his brother.’ ( Ar-Ris a lah Al-Qushairiyyah , B a b-ul- H asadi, p.79) Hadrat ‘Abdull a h Bin Mas‘ u d ra narrated that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘One whose heart has arrogance as little as a small grain will not be allowed to enter Paradise.’ One man said, ‘O Prophet of Allah! Man wishes to be well-dressed, to have good shoes on, and to look good.’ The Holy Prophet sa replied, ‘This is not arrogance,’ adding, ‘Allah the Almighty is Elegant and likes elegance, that is, He likes beauty.Real arro- gance is when man rejects what is true, considers people lowly, holds them in contempt and treats them badly.’ ( S a hih M usli m, Kit ab- ul- Ima n, B a bu Ta hri mil-kibri wa Bay a nih i ) Another tradition relates that: Hadrat Ab u Hurairah ra narrated that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Heaven and Hell had a discussion and argument.Hell said that great oppressors and haughty people entered in it; Heaven said that weak and meek people entered in it.On this Allah the Almighty said to Hell, “You are the manifestation of My punishment.Through you I punish whomsoever I wish.” And He said to Heaven, “You are the manifestation of My mercy.I grant mercy on whomsoever I please through you; and both of you shall have your full share that may belong to you.’” ( S a hih M usli m, Kit ab- ul-Jannati wa S ifati Ni‘amih a wa Ahlih a, B a bun-N a ri yadkhuluhal-Jabb aru na wal-Jannatu yadkhu- luha d-D u‘aaf a ’a)

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Condition VII 127 May Allah make it so that each Ahmad i seeks mercy from Allah the Almighty by treading on the path of humility, meekness and civility, and becomes worthy of Allah’s Paradise, and may each home be free from the sin of arrogance.A h ad i th recounts that: Hadrat Ab u Sa ‘i d Khudr i ra and Hadrat Ab u Hurairah ra related that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Honour is the garment of Allah the Almighty and grandeur is His mantle.Allah the Almighty says, “Therefore, I shall punish him who attempts to snatch them from Me.’” ( S a hih M usli m, Kit ab- ul-Birri wa s-S ilah, B a bu Ta hri mil-Kibr) Arrogant Shall Never Enter Paradise So, in the long run, arrogance incites man to confront Allah.When Allah the Almighty has decreed that He shall not forgive one who associates partners with Him, then how can one who claims to be god-like be pardoned? It was indeed arrogance that created people in the mold of the Pharaoh.You have read about the end that these Pharaoh-like people met and have also witnessed some in this age.It is indeed a cause for fear; each Ahmad i should try and avoid even the slightest particle of arrogance because it tends to spread and completely engulf man.Allah the Almighty has given us this warning, ‘This is My mantle; I am Lord of all the worlds, Grandeur belongs to Me; accept it and show humility.If you try to cross these lines, you shall be punished.Even if you have arrogance only equal to a grain, punishment is in your fate.’ In conjunction with this warning, however, a glad tiding

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 128 is also given.Allah says, ‘I shall save you from the torment of Fire if you have the slightest degree of faith,’ as is mentioned in a h ad i th : Hadrat ‘Abdull a h ra narrates that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘One whose heart has arrogance only equal to a grain will not enter Paradise and one whose heart has faith only equal to a grain will not enter Fire.’ ( Sunano Ibn-e-M aj ah , Al- Muqaddimah, B a bu Fil- I m a n, H ad i th No.59) The Promised Messiah as says: I tell you truly that on the Day of Judgement after ‘ shirk’— associating partners with Allah—there will be no evil like arrogance.It is an evil that disgraces man in both the worlds.Divine mercy redresses everyone who believes in the Unity of God, but not the arrogant.Satan, too, claimed to believe in One God; however, he was arrogant and contemptuous towards Adam whom God loved.Satan criticised him and was ruined, and the yoke of curse hung around his neck.So, the first sin for which a person was eternally ruined was indeed arrogance.( A’i nah-e-Kam ala t-e-Islam , R uhani Khaz a ’in , vol.5, p.598) He goes on to say: If you have any element of arrogance, hypocrisy, conceit, or indolence, then you are not worthy of acceptance.Do not deceive yourselves over a few things, in that you have achieved what you could, because God wishes that your entire being should go through a complete revolution.He demands a death

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Condition VII 129 from you, after which He shall give you life.( Kasht i -e-N uh , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.19, p.12) Deep Connection Between Arrogance and Satan The Promised Messiah as then says: Indeed, there are people who, although hundreds of thousands of ranks below those of Prophets of God (peace be on them all) grow arrogant when they have offered the S al a t for a couple of days.Similarly, rather than be purified by fasting and performing H ajj , they develop conceit and arrogance.Remember, arrogance comes from Satan and makes one satanic.Until man keeps away from it, it becomes an impedi- ment in the acceptance of truth and beneficence of the Divine.Arrogance should not be adopted in any way at all, not with regard to knowledge, not with regard to wealth, not with regard to high rank, not due to caste, ancestry and lineage; for it is mostly due to these things that arrogance develops.Unless one purifies oneself from these conceits one cannot be esteemed in the sight of Allah the Almighty.One cannot be granted the cognizance of God that burns the worthless emotional elements, for this [conceit] belongs to Satan, and Allah the Almighty does not like it… The Promised Messiah as is stating that there are a few basic activities that should be avoided.Some people consider them- selves most virtuous after saying the S al a t for a few days; they adopt a strange serious facial expression exuding pride.You must have come across certain long-robed individuals with

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 130 tasb i h [rosary] in hand coming out of mosques.Their demeanour exhibits pride and haughtiness.Thank God, the Ahmadiyyah Muslim Jam a ‘at is free from such long-robed individuals.On their return from H ajj , there is tremendous propaganda.Such people fast for appearances.Their visits to perform H ajj are also for show.It is all done to feign superi- ority so that people may say that such a person is virtuous, fasts a lot, is a h ajj i , and is most pious.All these ostentations stem out of arrogance, or arrogance develops from these ostentations.The Promised Messiah as also says that some people are arro- gant because of their caste or lineage: ‘so and so is lower status; how could he be equal to them?’ The Promised Messiah as stated that arrogance is of many kinds that take you away from the cognizance of Allah the Almighty, away from His nearness, and thereby in the trap of Satan.Again, the Promised Messiah as says: Thus, in my opinion, this is a fine way to be purified.It is impossible to find a better way than to discard arrogance and pride of any sort—about learning, family or wealth.When a person is granted insight by God, he can see that every light descends from heavens and helps remove all forms of darkness.Man is always in need of heavenly light.Even the eye cannot see without the heavenly light of the sun.Similarly, the internal light that removes every kind of darkness and in its place generates the light of taqw a and purity also comes down from the heavens.I tell you truly that a man’s righteousness, faith, and purity all descend from the heavens.It all depends

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Condition VII 131 on the special grace of Allah.If He wills He bestows it; and if He wills He takes it away.Thus, real cognizance is indeed that man should consider his ‘self ’ deeply humble and most insignificant and should seek Allah’s grace with humility and meekness by falling prostrate at the Divine threshold.He begs for that light of cognizance, which destroys passions of the ‘self ’ and develops a light within and bestows a power and enthusiasm for virtues.Then, if with Allah’s Grace he finds this share and at some time acquires a clearer insight or strong conviction, he must not feel pride and conceit.Rather, he should further develop in his humility and submission, for the more insig- nificant he deems himself, the greater will be the experiences and divine light from Allah that will provide him with [spiri- tual] light and power.If a man holds fast to this belief, then it is hoped that with the grace of Allah, his moral condition shall be good.To think high of oneself in the world is also arrogance and brings about the same consequences.It grows to a point that man curses others and holds them in contempt.( Malf uza t , new edition, vol.4, pp.212–213) He then states: Arrogance is a most dangerous disease.Whoever develops this meets spiritual death.I know most certainly that this disease is worse than murder.An arrogant person turns into Satan’s brother because it was arrogance alone that disgraced Satan.Therefore, it is a prerequisite for a believer that he should not have arrogance; rather, he is required to have humility and meekness.Those who are divinely appointed have humility of

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 132 the highest order.The Holy Prophet sa had this quality more than anyone else.One of his servants was asked as to how he was treated.He replied that the truth was that he was served by the Holy Prophet sa more than he served him.78 ( Malf uza t , new edition, vol.4, pp.437–438) Arrogance is Most Displeasing in the Sight of Allah Again, the Promised Messiah as says: …I admonish my Jam a ‘at to shun arrogance because arrogance is most loathsome to Allah, the Lord of Glory.You may not perhaps fully realise what arrogance is.So learn it from me because I speak with the spirit of Allah.Everyone who looks down upon his brother because he considers himself to be more learned, wise, or more accom- plished is arrogant.He is arrogant because, instead of consid- ering God to be the Fountainhead of all wisdom and knowledge, he considers himself to be something.Does God not have the power to derange him mentally and instead grant superior knowledge, wisdom, and dexterity to his brother whom he considers inferior? Likewise he too is arro- gant who thinks of his wealth or high status and looks down upon his brother.He is arrogant because he has ignored the fact that it is God who has bestowed this status and grandeur 78.Bless O Allah Muhammad and his people and grant them Thy bounties and peace.) (

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Condition VII 133 on him.He is blind and does not realise that God has power to afflict him with such misfortune as would all of a sudden cast him to the lowest of the low; and again, He has the power to bestow greater wealth and prosperity upon that brother of his whom he considers small.Yet again, that person is arrogant who is proud of his superior bodily health, or of his handsomeness, or good looks, or strength, or prowess, and scornfully makes fun of his brother and teases him and addresses him with derisive names, not satisfied with this he advertises his physical defects.It is so because he is unaware of the existence of a God Who possesses power to suddenly afflict him with such bodily defects as may leave him much worse than his brother.Similarly, the person who relies on his own strength, and neglects to supplicate to God, is arrogant.This is because he has not recognised divine strengths and powers and instead considers himself to be something.Therefore, O dear ones, remember all this lest you are deemed arrogant in the sight of Allah in some manner and you are unaware of it.A person who corrects a wrong word of his brother with arrogance has also partaken in arrogance.A person who does not wish to listen to what his brother has to say with civility and turns his face away has also partaken of arrogance.He who feels disgust for a poor and needy brother who sits next to him has also partaken of arrogance.A person who looks with derision and ridicule at one who prays has also partaken from arro- gance.One who does not wish to be completely obedient to God’s appointee and Prophet also partakes of arrogance.One who does not listen attentively to God’s appointee and Prophet and does not read his writings with care also partakes

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 134 of arrogance.Therefore, try to rid yourselves of any portion of arrogance in you lest you be destroyed and so that you, along with your family, attain salvation.Turn to God, love Him as much as it is possible to love someone in this life and fear your God as much as one may fear someone in this world.Be of pure heart and pure intention and meek, submissive and harmless so that you may be shown mercy.( Naz u l-ul-Mas ih , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.18, pp.402–403) The other part that has been stated in this condition is that one shall spend his life in lowliness, humbleness, cheerfulness, forbearance and meekness.As I mentioned earlier, if you try to free your heart and mind of arrogance, manage to free it, then most necessarily you would have to inculcate a higher quality, a higher characteristic, a higher attribute in you or else Satan would repeat his onslaught, for it is his task not to leave you alone.That quality is of humility and meekness.It is not possible for arrogance and meekness to co-exist.Arrogant people are always deriding and mocking humble people who are servants of the Gracious God.When confronted with such people you are not to adopt their attitude; rather, you are to abide by this commandment of Allah the Almighty: 79 And the servants of the Gracious God are those who walk on the earth in a dignified manner, and when the ignorant address them, they say, ‘Peace!’ 79.( al-Furq a n , 25:64)

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Condition VII 135 Hadrat Ab u Sa ‘i d Khudr i ra narrates that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Anyone who adopts a degree of humility, Allah will elevate his status to a degree so much so that he will be granted a place in ‘Iliyy i n [ i.e., the highest of the high ].And the one who shows arrogance in front of Allah and adopts a degree of vanity, Allah will lower his spiritual status to such a degree so much so that He will make him reach Asfal-us- S a f ili n [the lowest of the low].’ ( Musnadu Ahmadabni H a n bal , B aqi Musnadil Mukthir i na mina s-S a ha bah, Musnadu Ab i Sa‘ i d al-Khudr i ) Your safety is to leave the company of such persons by saying ‘ sal a m ’ to them.It is better for you because your spiritual levels will be raised, and the opponents will be falling among the lowest of the low.Again, it is narrated in h ad i th : Hadrat Ab u Hurairah ra narrated that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Your wealth does not decrease by giving s adaqah [charity].And the more a person forgives others, the more Allah grants him honour; the more a person adopts humility and humble- ness, the more Allah raises his status.’ ( S a hih Muslim , Kit ab- ul- Birri wa s-S ilah, B a bu Isti h b a bil ‘Afwi Wat-Taw ad u‘i) ‘Iy ad Bin H im a r al-Muj a shi ‘i ra narrated that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Allah has revealed to me that you should adopt humbleness to the extent that no one shows his pride to the others and no one commits any act of aggression against another.’ ( S a hih M usli m, Kit ab- ul-Jannati wa S ifati Na ‘i mih a Wa Ahlih a , B a bu s - S if a tillat i yo‘arafu bih a fid-Duny a Ahlul- Jannati Wa Ahlun-N a r, H ad i th No.7210)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 136 There is another tradition we should also keep in mind as with respect to mutual matters and dealings.Hadrat Ab u Hurairah ra narrates that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Wealth does not decrease when it is spent in the way of Allah, and the extent to which a servant of God forgives another, Allah the Almighty increases his honour likewise.The more humility and humbleness one adopts, the greater is the status one is granted by Allah the Almighty.’ ( S a hih M usli m, Kit ab- ul-Birri wa s-S ilah, B a bu Isti h b a bil ‘Afwi Wat-Taw ad u‘i ) So each Ahmad i should adopt the habit of forgiving each other.This would elevate one’s status in the Hereafter, and Allah the Almighty shall continue to increase one’s honour in this world as well.Allah the Almighty does not leave anything that is done for His cause without a reward.Status of the Meek in the Eyes of the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa How great was the status of the meek in the eyes of the Holy Prophet sa might be determined by this h ad i th : Hadrat Ab u Sa ‘i d Khudr i ra narrates with reference to the Holy Prophet sa that he loved the meek.Hadrat Ab u Sa ‘i d Khudr i ra said that he heard the Holy Prophet sa praying: O Allah keep me alive in a state of meekness, give me death in a state of meekness, and raise me from among the group of the meek.

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Condition VII 137 ( Sunano Ibn-e-M aj ah , Kit abu z-Zuhd , B a bu Muj a lasatil- Fuqar a ’i) Thus, each Ahmad i should adopt the same path and should tread the ways on which our master the Holy Prophet sa was.Each Ahmad i should try and be counted among the meek, for the pledge of bai‘at states that, ‘I shall spend my life in meekness.’ It is narrated in one tradition: Hadrat Ab u Hurairah ra narrates that, ‘ Hadrat Ja‘far ra Bin Ab i Ta lib used to love the meek and needy.He would sit in their gatherings and would talk to them, and the meek and needy would talk to him.Therefore, the Holy Prophet sa would call Hadrat Ja‘far ra with the title of ‘Abul Mas a k i n [i.e., the father of the meek].’ ( Sunano Ibn-e-M aj ah , Kit abu z-Zuhd , B a bu Muj a lasatil-Fuqar a ’i) The Promised Messiah as says: If you wish to find Allah the Almighty, seek Him near the hearts of the meek.This is the reason Prophets of God adopted meekness.Similarly, it is required that people of bigger nations do not deride smaller nations; none should say their ancestry is higher.Allah the Almighty states that when you come before Me I shall not enquire of you about your nation; rather, the question would be, what are your deeds? Likewise, the Prophet sa of God said to his daughter that ‘O F at imah, Allah the Almighty shall not enquire into one’s lineage.If you commit a wrong Allah the Almighty shall not condone you because you are the daughter of the Prophet.

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 138 Thus, you should watch what you do at all times.( Malf uza t , new edition, vol.3, p.370) He also states: It was an essential requirement for ahl-e-taqw a [righteous people] that they spend their life in poverty and meekness.This is a branch of taqw a by which we are to ward off the unjustified anger.The last and most crucial stage for great pious and honest people is indeed to shun anger.Haughtiness and conceit are borne out of anger, and similarly, anger is at times a consequence of haughtiness and conceit.Anger is aroused only when man gives preference to one’s nafs [self] over the other.( Report Jalsah S ala nah , 1897, p.49) He states: If you wish that God in heaven is pleased with you, then be as if you are two brothers from one womb.The more esteemed among you is one who forgives the sins of his brother, and wretched is one who is obstinate and does not forgive.Such a person is not from me.( Kasht i -e-N uh , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.19, pp.12–13)

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VIII That he/she shall hold faith, the honour of faith and the cause of Islam dearer than his/her life, wealth, honour, chil- dren, and all loved ones. The pledge to prefer faith over the world is a pledge that everyone who is constantly linked with the Jam a ‘at and attends meetings and ijtim a‘a t repeats over and over again.Banners are set up at every ijtim a ‘, jalsah , etc.Often, one of these banners displays the idea of giving prefer- ence to faith over the world.Why has this matter been given so much importance? Without it, faith cannot survive.It is not an easy task to act upon this requirement.To achieve it, one should constantly ask for Allah’s help.This high standard can only be established with His grace.For us who are (with the grace of Allah) in bai‘at of the Promised Messiah as , Allah the Almighty has given the instruction in the Holy Qur’an: 80 c o n d i t i o n

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 140 And they were not commanded but to serve Allah, being sincere to Him in obedience, and being upright, and to observe Prayer, and pay the Zak a t.And that is the religion of the people of the right path… By offering S al a t on time and in congregation, and by spending in the cause of Allah and helping the needy, we can establish ourselves upon the correct religion.Thus, we can incorporate the teachings into our lives and enforce them in our conduct; and when we worship Allah and act upon His teachings, Allah the Almighty will give us the ability to do so.He will strengthen our faith to such an extent that ourselves, our ambitions, and our children will all appear insignificant in comparison to our faith.So, when everything will be purely for Allah the Almighty, and nothing will be considered our own possession, then Allah will not let us go to waste.He guards the honour, protects the children, and puts His bless- ings on such people.He enlarges their possessions, always keeps them wrapped in His Mercy and Favour, and removes all their fears.As Allah says in the Holy Qur’an: 81 Nay, whoever submits himself completely to Allah, while he is excellent in conduct, shall have his reward with his Lord.No fear shall come upon such, neither shall they grieve.80.( al-Bayyinah , 98:6) 81.( al-Baqarah , 2:113)

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Condition VIII 141 Essence of Islamic Teachings Then Allah says: 82 And who is better in faith than he who submits himself to Allah, and he is a doer of good, and follows the religion of Abraham, the upright? And Allah took Abraham for a special friend.In this verse, the essence of teachings of Islam is recorded.One should be completely obedient and should follow the commands of Allah with all his strengths.He should dedicate himself to faith and be gracious.One should not fear that his wealth or children would be wasted.Allah, Who is better than anyone else in returning favours and in rewarding efforts, will reward these actions Himself.As has been explained earlier, He Himself will protect his life, wealth, and honour.Allah the Almighty does not let such people or their future generations go to waste.Referencing the Qur’an, the Promised Messiah as says: 83 Whoever submits before God, dedicates his life in His path, and is eager to do righteous deeds shall get his rewards from 82.( al-Nis a ’ , 4:126) 83.( al-Baqarah , 2:113)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 142 the fountainhead of nearness to God.There is neither fear nor grief on such people.Whoever devotes all his faculties to the path of God, and whoever is active doing truly righteous deeds with his words, conduct, movements, standing, and his entire life is purely for the sake of God, will have a special reward.God will deliver him from fear and grief.( Sir a j-ud- D in ‘I s a’i ke Ch a r Sw a lo n k a Jaw a b, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.12, p.344) It is narrated in a tradition: Hadrat Mu‘ a wiyah Bin H aidah al-Qushair i ra says while narrating the story of his acceptance of Islam, ‘I reached the Holy Prophet sa and I asked him, “What message has our Lord given you for us, and what religion have you brought?” He said, “God has sent me with the religion of Islam.” I asked, “What is the religion of Islam?” H u du r sa replied, “Islam is that you surrender your entire being to Allah, abandon all other deities, establish S al a t , and give Zak a t.”’ (1: Kanzul-‘Umm a l Li ‘Al a idd i n al-Muttaq i al-Hind i , Kit a b-ul- Ima ni wal-Isl a mi min Qismil-Af‘ a l.Wa fihi Arba‘atu Abw a bin, Alb a bul awwalu, alfa s luth-th a n i fi H aq i qatil-Isl a m.2: Shu‘aabul- Ima ni Lil- Baihaq i , As-S a dis was-Sitt u na min shu‘aabil- Ima ni wa huwa B a bun f i Mub a ‘adatil-kuff a ri wal-Mufsid i na wal-ghil z ati ‘Alaihim) There is another tradition: Hadrat Sufy a n ra says that once I said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, tell me something of Islam after which I will not have to ask anyone else and I should be fully satisfied.’ H u du r sa replied, ‘You should say: “I believe in Allah the Almighty, then

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Condition VIII 143 become firm on it, and stay on it with fortitude.’” ( S a hih M usli m, Kit ab- ul- Ima n, B a bu J a mi‘i Au sa fil-Islam) What was the conduct of the Companions ra ? The following incident is recorded in h ad i th.In the beginning, alcohol was not forbidden in Islam.Companions ra would drink and sometimes get intoxicated.But even in this state, faith and its honour were dominant in their minds.They placed faith as more important than all other things.When the command- ment prohibiting alcohol came, some people were sitting together drinking and some were intoxicated.When they heard of the prohibition, they acted upon it immediately.Hadrat Anas Bin M al ik ra narrates, ‘I was serving wine prepared from dates to Ab u T al h ah An sa r i ra , Ab u ‘Ubaidah Bin Jarr ah ra and Ubayy Bin Ka‘ab ra.Someone came and said alcohol has been forbidden, and when Ab u T al h ah ra heard this he said to Anas ra , “Get up and break the containers of wine.” Anas ra adds that he got up and hit the containers with the bottom of the stone vase and it broke them.’ ( S a hih Al-Bukh ari , Kit ab u Akhb a ril-A ha di, Bab u ma Ja’ a fi I ja zati - Khabaril -Wah idi s- S ud uq ) Revival of Islam Demands a Ransom from Us The Promised Messiah as says: Revival of Islam demands a ransom from us.What is it? It is us dying in this very path.This is the death upon which the life of Islam, the life of Muslims, and the manifestation of the

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 144 Living God depend.This is exactly what is called Islam, and God now wants to revive this very Islam.To bring about this great undertaking, it is essential that a grand enterprise that would be effective in every aspect should be established by His own initiative.So, the Wise and Powerful God did exactly that by sending this humble one for the reformation of mankind.( Fat- h e-Islam, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.3, pp.10–12) Then he says: Until man becomes a servant of Allah with sincerity and purity, it is hard to attain any rank.Allah the Almighty testifies about Ibr a h i m: 84 That Ibr a h i m is a man who lived up to his word.To cleanse one’s heart in this manner, to fill it up with the love of Allah, to live according to the wishes of Allah, and to be an obedient servant whose desires are in perfect harmony with the desires of Allah, like a shadow.All of these things are achieved with prayer.S al a t is for praying indeed, and one should pray at every stage.But if one offers the S al a t as if he were asleep, and does not know [the nature and importance of] S al a t , then it is not S al a t at all….Therefore, it is required that man should not be lazy in offering the S al a t , nor should he be inattentive.If our Community wishes to become a Jam a ‘at, it should adopt a type of death.It should avoid selfish matters and selfish 84.And of Abraham who fulfiled the commandments.( al-Najm , 53:38)

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Condition VIII 145 motives, and it should give Allah the Almighty priority over everything.( Malf uza t , new edition, vol.3, pp.457–458) Means of Obtaining Salvation From Sin— Certainty of Faith Then the Promised Messiah as says: O ye, the seekers of God: pay attention and listen.There is nothing like certainty of faith.Certainty rescues one from sin.Certainty gives one strength to do good.Certainty makes one a true lover of Allah.Can one give up sin without certainty? Can one desist from the desires of the flesh without convincing manifestation? Can one find any satisfaction without certainty? Can one bring about a true change without certainty? Can one achieve true happiness without certainty? Is there any such penance or ransom that can make one give up sin?… One should remember that without certainty, one cannot come out of a dark life, nor can one attain the Holy Spirit.Blessed are those who have been deliv- ered from doubts and misgivings because they alone will be delivered from sin.Blessed are those who have escaped uncer- tainty and doubt because they will get rid of sin.Blessed are you when you are given the treasure of certainty because after that your sin will disappear.Sin and certainty cannot co-exist.Would one put his hand in a hole in which he could see a poisonous snake? Can one stand at the place where stones rain from a volcano, or where lightening strikes, or at the place of attack of a vicious lion, or at a place where a deadly plague is wiping out the human race? If you have this much certainty

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 146 about God as about the snake, or the lightening, or the lion, or the plague, then it is not possible for you to defy Him nor to break the ties of sincerity and loyalty with Him.( Kasht i -e- N uh , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.19, pp.66–67) The Promised Messiah as also said: Perfect understanding is the root of fear, love and appreciation.Whoever is given the prefect knowledge is given the perfec- tion of fear and love as well.Whoever is given perfect fear and love is given freedom from every sin that originates from reck- lessness.For this salvation, we are not dependent on any blood, we are not in need of any cross, and we do not need any penance.Instead, we only need one sacrifice, the sacrifice of the ‘self ’.Its need is felt by our conscience, and this sacri- fice is named Islam.Islam entails putting out your own neck for sacrifice.It means to put your soul on the threshold of God with total willingness.This charming name is the soul of all revealed laws and the crux of all commandments.To put out one’s neck to be sacrificed with real pleasure and content- ment requires perfect love and perfect devotion.Perfect love requires perfect understanding.Thus, the word Islam points to the fact that true sacrifice needs perfect understanding and perfect love.And it needs nothing else.( Lecture Lahore , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.20, pp.151–152) May Allah the Almighty grant us the ability to act upon all these exhortations.

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 [From the Friday sermon delivered at the Fa d l Mosque, London, United Kingdom, on September 12, 2003, in which ninth condition of bai‘at was discussed in detail.] The teachings of Islam are so beautiful that they have not left any aspect of human life untouched.All of these favours of Allah the Almighty demand that this teaching, which descended on His dear Prophet sa , be adopted as part of our lives.We bear even greater responsibility as we have joined and claimed to have joined the Jam a ‘at of the true lover and servant of the Holy Prophet sa , and the Imam of this Age.Thus, whereas Allah the Almighty has drawn attention towards His worship and the discharge of one’s obligations toward Him, He has also drawn the attention toward the discharge of our obligations to humans.He has also commanded us regarding the rights of different relatives and relationships that need to be discharged.It is due to this importance that the Promised Messiah as mentioned in the ninth condition of bai‘at kindness towards the creation of Allah the Almighty and the obligations owed to them.

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IX That he/she shall keep himself/herself occupied in the service of God’s creatures for His sake only and shall endeavour towards the beneficence of mankind to the best of his/her God-given abilities and powers. Allah the Almighty says in the Holy Qur’an: 85 And worship Allah and associate naught with Him, and show kindness to parents, and to kindred, and orphans, and the needy, and to the neighbour that is a kinsman and the neigh- bour that is a stranger, and the companion by your side, and the 85.( al-Nis a’ , 4:37) c o n d i t i o n

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 150 wayfarer, and those whom your right hands possess.Surely, Allah loves not the proud and the boastful.Kind Treatment to All In this verse, Allah the Almighty commands not only to treat your brothers, your near ones, your relatives, your acquain- tances, and your neighbors kindly, but also be compassionate to them, help them if they are in need, and be beneficent to the best of your ability to even those people whom you do not know and have no relationship or association with.And be beneficent to those whom you have only met temporarily.If they are in need of your sympathy or your help and can benefit from you, then you must help them.By doing so, a beautiful culture of Islam will be established.Develop compassion for God’s creatures, with the understanding that it is something more than a good deed, it falls into the category of benevolence.Benevolence means not expecting the return of your favours; benevolence is exercised by man purely for the sake of Allah the Almighty.In this way, such a beautiful society will be established where there will be no dispute between husband and wife, mother-in-law and daughter-in- law, brothers, and neighbors.Everyone will try to be benevo- lent to the other.Each person will try to give others their rights with love and care, and will do so purely to win the love of Allah.In today’s society, this is even more urgent than ever before.Allah says that if you do not follow this path, then you will be counted as arrogant.And Allah does not like arrogance.

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Condition IX 151 Arrogance is such an affliction that all mischief originates from it….In the seventh condition, I have mentioned the subject in depth already; therefore, it is not necessary to go into another detailed discussion about it.Briefly, this condi- tion of bai‘at requires you to be kind to God’s creation so that you may become favourable in the sight of Allah the Almighty and get the rewards in both the worlds.The kind- ness you show towards others should be motivated by heart- felt love and not to seek acknowledgement from people for the favour.Allah says in the Holy Qur’an: 86 And they feed, for love of Him, the poor, the orphan, and the prisoner.One interpretation of this is that despite their own needs, those who love Allah take care of the needs of others in order to attain the love of Allah the Almighty.They themselves stay hungry, yet they feed others.They do not show miserliness by suggesting that what they are giving is also required to meet their own needs.Instead, they help as much as they can.They do this to be virtuous and to get the approval of Allah, and not to get any acknowledgement from others.They give what they could enjoy or utilise themselves, always keeping in mind the instruction of Allah that you should only give for the sake of Allah, what you like for yourself.They are not like those who help the needy and boast about it.Some people are in the habit of giving only their used items or worn clothing as 86.( al-Dahr , 76:9)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 152 gifts.These people should respect the dignity of their brothers and sisters.It is better for them not to give a gift at all if they cannot afford it.At a minimum, they should tell the recipient that the items are used and then ask the recipient if they are willing to accept them.Some people write to me saying that they want to give— for the weddings of poor girls—good clothes that have only been worn for a day or two and were not used again because they were too small or for some other reason.In this regard, it must be clear that even if these items are being given through the auxiliary organisations of Ahmadiyyah Muslim Jam a ‘at, like Lajnah Im a ’ill a h or Khudd a m-ul-Ahmadiyyah , or even if they are being given individually, they should respect the dignity of the poor.They should give away items in a condi- tion that they are still worth giving.The items should not be completely worn out with stains, stench of sweat, etc.If such clothes are given, they should be washed, cleaned, and mended first.As I have said, our auxiliary organisations like Lajnah Im a ’ill a h also distribute such clothes.They should make it clear to the recipients that these clothes are used and that they should only accept them if they choose to.Everyone has a sense of honour, and as I have said earlier, this sense of honour should be respected.The Promised Messiah as says in explaining the verse: 87 …Remember that God the Almighty likes good deeds very much, and He desires that sympathy be shown for His 87.( al-Dahr , 76:9)

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Condition IX 153 creation.If He desired harm, He would have directed us to be bad; but the Majesty of God is free from this.(Holy is Allah and Great is His station)… Therefore, all of you who have established a relationship with me should remember that you should show compassion for everyone regardless of their religion; and be good to all without any discrimination because this is the teaching of Holy Qur’an: 88 Those captives and prisoners [at the time of the Prophet sa ] were mostly non-believers.Now, you can see the scope of kindness in Islam.In my opinion, perfect moral teaching is not found anywhere except in Islam.Once I regain my health, I will insh a ’Allah write a comprehensive treatise on moral teachings because I want to make my expectations clear to the Jam a ‘at.It will be a comprehensive guide for my Jam a ‘at, and it should show how to seek God’s pleasure.I am deeply grieved when I see or hear that someone did something that does not fully conform to Islamic teachings.I am not happy about these incidents.I still view my Jam a ‘at like a child who takes two steps and falls four times.But I do believe that Allah the Almighty will make it perfect.Therefore, you should make an effort, plan, strive, and pray continuously that Allah may show His grace, because nothing is possible without His grace.When He favours, He opens up all ways.( Malf uza t , new edition, vol.4, pp.218–219) 88.( al-Dahr , 76:9)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 154 With the Grace of Allah, due to the pious influence of the Promised Messiah as , and by acting on his teachings, many of the ills that the Promised Messiah as was concerned about [regarding the Jam a ‘at] at that time disappeared from the Jam a ‘at.With the Grace of Allah, a very large segment was totally freed from them, and it still is.As we are moving away from that stage, Satan continues to attack with the ills of society.Therefore, in accordance with the concerns of the Promised Messiah as , we should continue to strive to avoid those ills with effort and prayer.We should ask for the Grace of Allah in accordance with his teaching, so that Allah the Almighty may always keep the Jam a ‘at of Promised Messiah as perfect.I will now present a few traditions.Hadrat Ab u Hurairah ra narrates that the Messenger of Allah said, ‘Allah the Almighty and the Glorious will say on the Day of Judgement, “O son of Adam, I was sick but you did not attend to Me.” Man will say, “O Lord.How could I attend to You? You are the Lord of all the worlds.” Allah the Almighty will say, “Did you not know that so and so of My servants was sick? You did not attend to him.Did you not know that if you had done so, you would have found Me near him? O son of Adam, I asked you for food but you did not give Me any food.” Upon this the son of Adam will say, “O my Lord.How could I feed You whereas You are the Lord of all the worlds?” Allah the Almighty will say, “Do you not remember when a servant of Mine asked you for food? You did not feed him.Did you not know that if you had fed him, you would have had a reward with Me? O son of Adam! I asked you for water, but you did not give Me any water.” Son of Adam will say, “O

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Condition IX 155 my Lord.How could I serve you water, whereas You are the Lord of all the worlds?” Upon this, Allah the Almighty will say, “Such and such person asked you for some water, but you did not offer him any.If you had given him water, you would have had its reward with Me.’” ( S a hih M usli m, Kit ab- ul-Birri wa s-S ilah, B a bu Fa d li ‘Iy a datil-Mar id ) Then, there is this narration: Hadrat ‘Abd u llah Bin Mas ‘u d ra states that the Messenger of Allah said, ‘All creatures are God’s family.So, Allah likes the person, from among all humans, who treats His family (crea- tures) well and looks after their needs.’ ( Mishk a t-ul-Ma sa b ih , K it ab- ul- A d a b, Bab ush-Shafaqati w ar-Ra hm ati ‘alal-Kha lq ) There is another h ad i th in which Hadrat ‘Al i ra narrates that the Messenger of Allah said: ‘Every Muslim has six obligations with regard to other Muslims: 1.When he meets him, he should say ‘ Assal a mo ‘Alaikum.’ 2.When one sneezes, he should say, ‘ Yar h amukumul- l a h ’ [may Allah have mercy on you].3.When he is sick, he should visit him.(Some peo- ple have, with the grace of Allah, this good habit, and they go to hospitals to visit sick ones whether they know them or not.They take fruits and flowers for them.This form of social service is very good.) 4.When one calls him for help, he responds to him.5.When one dies, he comes to his funeral.

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 156 6.And he desires for them what he desires for him- self, and even in his absence he wishes him well.’ ( Sunanud-D a rimiyyi , Kit ab- ul-Ist i dh a n, B a bun f i H aqqil- Muslimi ‘alal-Muslim) It is reported that: Hadrat ‘Abdull a h Bin ‘Umar ra narrates that the Messenger of Allah said, ‘Do not be jealous of one another.Do not raise prices to harm each other.Do not hold grudges against each other.Do not turn your backs on each other, and do not be indifferent to each other.And do not bid on deals that are closed.Instead, you should live like servants of God and be brotherly to each other.A Muslim does not wrong his brother.He does not insult him, and he does not embarrass or humiliate him.” He pointed to his chest and said, “Piety is here.” He repeated these words three times, then he said, “It is enough misfortune for a man that he should look at his Muslim brother with disdain.Every Muslim’s blood, wealth, honour and respect are sacred and sanctified for the other Muslim.’ ( S a hih M usli m, Kit ab- ul-Birri wa s-S ilah, B a bu Ta hri m i-Z ulmil Muslim i Wa Khadhlih) Then it is reported that: Hadrat Ab u Hurairah ra states that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Whosoever helps remove the worldly anguish and suffering of a Muslim will have his anguish and suffering removed by Allah the Almighty on the Day of Judgement.Whosoever brings relief to a poor person and brings ease to him will have ease created for him by Allah the Almighty in the hereafter.

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Condition IX 157 Whosoever covers up the faults of a Muslim will have his faults covered up by Allah the Almighty in the hereafter.Allah the Almighty is keen to help him who is keen to help his brother.Whosoever goes in search of knowledge will have the ways to Paradise facilitated to him by Allah the Almighty.Those who sit in any of the houses of Allah the Almighty and read the Book of Allah the Almighty and are engaged in teaching and learning will attain peace and tranquillity from Allah the Almighty; Allah the Almighty’s mercy covers them, angels keep them in their circle, and Allah the Almighty mentions them to His near ones.One who slackens in actions will not succeed with only his name and his family, and he will not go to Paradise by virtue of his family ties.’ ( S a hih M usli m, Kit ab- udh-Dhikr, B a bu Fa d lil Ijtim a ‘i ‘al a Til a watil- Qur’ani wa ‘aladh-Dhikr) What is mentioned in the beginning is to be mindful of the rights of other people and help to remove the worries and difficulties of your brethren.If you do so, on the Day of Judgement, Allah the Almighty will deal with you with the same kindness and will remove your worries and hardships.It is the favour of the Holy Prophet sa upon us.He said that if you wish that Allah should cover you with His forgiveness, then you should help and comfort the distressed, the afflicted, and the destitute as much as you can.Then, Allah will deal with you with kindness.Try to cover the weaknesses of your brethren.Do not try to find their faults or make them public.You do not know how many weaknesses and faults you have that you will have to account for on the Day of Judgement.Thus, if you had overlooked the faults of your brethren, if you

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 158 had tried to counsel them with sympathy instead of making their weaknesses public, Allah will overlook your faults as well.These are the rights of people.If you discharge them, you will inherit the blessings of Allah the Almighty.Then it is reported in a tradition that: Hadrat Ab u Hurairah ra narrates that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Charity does not reduce your wealth.The person who forgives the transgressions of others will be given even greater honour by Allah the Almighty.No one is dishonoured by forgiving the faults of others.’ ( Musnadu Ahmadabni H a n bal , vol.2.p.235, printed in Beirut) Then it is reported that: Hadrat ‘Abdull a h Bin ‘Umar ra states that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘The Gracious God will be Merciful to those who show mercy to others.You show mercy to the dwellers of the earth, and the One in the heavens will have mercy on you.’ ( Sunano Ab i D a w u d , Kit ab- u l- Ada b, Bab u n f ir-Ra h mah) The Promised Messiah as says: Remember that there are two commandments of Allah the Almighty.First, associate no partner with Him, neither in His being and attributes, nor in His worship.Second, be compas- sionate to the others.Benevolence does not imply that it should be only for your brothers and relations, but it should be for anyone, any human, and any of God’s creation.Do not consider whether someone is a Hindu or a Christian.I tell you truthfully that Allah the Almighty has taken the responsi- bility of ensuring justice to you; He does not want you to take

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Condition IX 159 it upon yourselves.The more congeniality you adopt, the more humble and serving you are, the more Allah the Almighty will be pleased with you.Leave your enemies to Allah the Almighty.The Day of Judgement is near.You should not be confounded by the opposition.I perceive that you will suffer a lot more at their hands because those who fall short of decency become ferocious as if a dam is broken and a flood bursts out.A pious person needs to control his tongue.( Malf uza t , vol.9, pp.164–165) Then he says: Beware there are two categories of rights.One is Allah’s right and the second is the human right.Even in connection with the right of Allah, the affluent encounter difficulty, and arro- gance and conceit keep them deprived.For example, they dislike standing next to a poor person in Prayer.They cannot have him sit next to them, and thus they remain deficient in matters of Allah’s right.Mosques are indeed the houses for the poor, and these people consider it below their stature to go there.Similarly, they cannot take part in special activities in connection with the rights of man.A poor man is prepared for any service.He can massage your feet, bring water, wash clothes and does not hesitate if he has to help remove the human refuse.But the rich consider such tasks to be insulting and disgraceful and are thus deprived of these blessings as well.Thus, prosperity can also stop you from doing a number of virtuous deeds.This is why it is reported in traditions that the poor will enter Paradise five hundred years earlier.( Malf uza t new edition, vol.3, p.368)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 160 He also says: Compassion for God’s creation is such a thing that if man gives it up and moves away from it, he gradually becomes a beast.This is what the humanity of man demands, and one is human only as long as one treats one’s brother with kindness, tender- ness, and benevolence.There should be no discrimination in this matter.Just as Sa‘d i said, ‘human beings are like parts of a body.’ Remember, in my estimation the scope of sympathy is very wide.One should not exclude any group or individual.I do not say––like the ignorant people of this age––that you should limit your kindness to only Muslims.I say that you should have sympathy for all of God’s creation no matter who they are, whether a Hindu, or a Muslim, or something else.I never approve the words of such people who wish to limit sympathy only to their own people.( Malf uza t , new edition, vol.4, pp.216–217) He also says: Thus, to be kind to the human race and have compassion for it is a very great type of worship and it is a great way to win the pleasure of Allah the Almighty; but I see a great defi- ciency is shown in this regard.Others are considered infe- rior.They are mocked at instead of being looked after and helped in a time of calamity and distress.Those who do not treat the poor well, even consider them inferior, I fear they may get afflicted by the same calamity.Those whom Allah has blessed should express their gratitude and should deal with His creation kindly and humanely.They should not be proud of God-given abundance, and they should not

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Condition IX 161 viciously trample the poor.( Malf uza t , new edition, vol.4, pp.438–439) He also says: The great details about the rights of parents, children, other relatives, and the destitute as described in the Qur’an are not, in my estimation, written in any other book.As Allah the Almighty says: 89 And worship Allah and associate naught with Him, and show kindness to parents, and to kindred, and orphans, and the needy, and to the neighbour that is a kinsman and the neigh- bour that is a stranger, and the companion by your side, and the wayfarer, and those whom your right hands possess.Surely, Allah loves not the proud and the boastful.( Chashma-e-Ma‘rifat , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.23, pp.208–209) Hadrat Khalifatul Masih I ra says in this regard: The intention should be in accord with the verse: 90 89.( al-Nis a’ , 4:37) 90.( al-Dahr , 76:11)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 162 …Verily, we fear our Lord, and the day that is: ‘ Ab u s and Qam t ar i r.‘ Ab u s is hardship, constraint, and straitness.And Qam t ar i r is prolonged.It states that day of Day of Judgement will be hard and long.By virtue of feeding the hungry, Allah the Almighty will also safeguard one from the intensity and duration of suffering during a famine.As a result: 91 God Almighty protects one from the evil of this day, and this protection is due to one’s cheerfulness and happiness.I say once again: remember helping the poor and the needy in this day and age and it will save you from the difficulties of the Judgement Day.May God Almighty grant you and me the opportunity to strive for attaining the respect and pleasure of the Everlasting, A m i n.( H aq a ’iq-ul-Furq a n , vol.4, pp.290–291) This is a distinction for Ahmadiyyah Muslim Jam a ‘at that it takes part in social welfare activities as much as it has the capacity for with the resources available to it.It does as much as it possibly can for the in service of people and \humanity, staying within its means, both as individuals and as the Jam a ‘at.The members of the Jam a ‘at help to fight hunger, treat the poor, help in education and in the marriages of the 91.So Allah will save them from the evil of that day, and will grant them cheerfulness and happiness.( al-Dahr , 76:12)

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Condition IX 163 poor by joining in aid programs under the auspices of the Jam a ‘at.This fulfils their pledge of bai‘at as they should.May we never become like those nations and countries, which destroy their excess crops rather than help the suffering humanity because they see no political purpose or advantage in helping them.They think that poor people do not accept all their directives and dictates.Such people are kept starved and deprived as a punishment.May Allah enable Ahmadiyyah Muslim Jam a ‘at to serve humanity even more then ever before.At this time, I want to say that this service to humanity is being performed at the Jam a ‘at level according to its capacity.The sincere members of the Jam a ‘at are given the ability by Allah the Almighty to serve humanity.They give large sums of money with which service to humanity is provided.With the grace of Allah, there are doctors and teachers who have dedicated their lives and are serving in Africa, Rabwah, and in Qadian as well.I appeal to every Ahmad i doctor, every Ahmad i teacher, every Ahmad i lawyer, and every Ahmad i who by virtue of his profession can serve humanity in any way, to try to help the poor and the needy.As a reward, Allah the Almighty will increase your wealth and your lives even more.Insh a’ Allah , if all of you will provide this service with the intention of fulfiling a pledge to the Imam of the Age, then you will see, insh a’ Allah , there will be such a rain of God’s blessings and favours that you will not be able to contain them.

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 164 The Promised Messiah as and His Concern for Humanity The Promised Messiah’s as advice on kindness to humanity, particularly the kindness and help for your brethren, was explained on one occasion: My condition is that if someone is in pain and his cry reaches me, even if I am in Prayer I feel like breaking my Prayer so that I may help him if he can benefit from it.I should show compassion to him as much I am capable.This is against good morals that one should not assist his brother in distress or hard- ship.If you cannot do anything for him, you should at least pray for him.You should apply the same morals towards strangers and Hindus, not just your brethren, and you should show compassion to them all.One should never be careless and unconcerned.Once I was out walking and someone named ‘Abdul Kar i m was with me.He was a little ahead of me.Along the way, we met an old lady of seventy or seventy-five years.She gave him a letter to read for her, but he scolded her and pushed her aside, and it grieved me.She gave me the letter.I stopped and read it, and I explained it to her thoroughly.This embarrassed him, because he had to stop and wait anyway even though he was deprived of the reward.( Malf uza t , new edition, vol.4, pp.82–83) The Promised Messiah as also says: Be kind and merciful to humanity, for all are His creatures.Do not oppress them with your tongue, your hands, or in

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Condition IX 165 any other way.Always work for the good of mankind.Never unduly assert yourself with pride over others, even those who are placed under you.Never use abusive language for anyone, even if he abuses you.Be humble in spirit, kind, gentle, and forgiving, sympathetic towards all, and wish them well, so that you may be accepted….If you are big, have mercy on those who are small and not contempt.If you are wise and well-versed in learning, serve the ignorant with words of wisdom.Never desire to bring disgrace on their lack of knowledge by trying to show off your own learning.If you are rich, instead of treating them with self-centred, disdainful pride, you should serve the poor.( Kasht i -e-N uh , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.19, pp.11–12) Then he said: People will mistreat you and will hurt you in every way, but members of my Jam a ‘at should not be provoked.Do not use hurtful words in the heat of emotions.Allah the Almighty does not like such people.Allah the Almighty wants to make our Jam a ‘at exemplary.He further says: Allah the Almighty loves the muttaq i [righteous].You should always remain in awe of God’s Majesty and be mindful that all are God’s creatures.Do not persecute anyone, and do not have a quick temper or look at anyone with disdain.If there is one bad person in a Jam a ‘at, he can spoil others also.If your temper is inclined towards anger, then carefully examine the source of its fury.This aspect is very critical.( Malf uza t , vol.1, pp.8–9)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 166 He also says: Be such that your sincerity, loyalty, tenderness, and sensitivity should reach heaven.God protects such a person and gives him blessings when he sees that his heart is full of sincerity and loyalty.He sees your hearts and looks into them, not at your words and speech.If He finds the heart of a person to be pure and clean, He descends upon it and makes it His home.( Malf uza t , new edition, vol.3, p.181) He also said: I repeat that those who are beneficial to mankind and are perfect in faith, sincerity, and loyalty will most certainly be saved.Therefore, you should try to develop these qualities in you.( Malf uza t , new edition, vol.4, p.184) He also says: You cannot be accepted in the presence of the Lord unless you are pure, both on the outside and inside.If you are big, then have mercy on those who are small and not contempt.If you are wise and well-versed in learning, serve the ignorant with words of wisdom.Never desire to bring disgrace on their lack of knowledge by trying to show off your own learning.If you are rich, instead of treating them with self-centred, disdainful pride, you should serve the poor.Beware of the ways of destruction.Fear the Lord, and be righteous….How unfortu- nate is the man who fails to believe in things coming from the Mouth of God, which I have stated to you.If at all you desire that God in heaven be pleased with you, hasten to become one among yourselves as though you were brothers born of

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Condition IX 167 the same mother.Only he is the most honoured among you who most forgives the transgressions of his brother….Unfor- tunate is he who remains obdurate and does not forgive.( Kasht i -e-N uh , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.19, pp.12–13) He also said: To be compassionate towards God’s creation is indeed a highly meritorious act, and Allah the Almighty likes it very much.What can be more valuable than showing compassion for such a person? Do you think that a master would be pleased with a friend if one of his servants went to his friend, but the friend did not take care of his servant? Never, even though the friend did not directly hurt the master.The kind treatment of his servant and hospitality shown to him amount to respecting the master.Similarly, God dislikes when someone ignores His creation, because He holds His creation dear.Thus, a person who shows kindness to His creation indeed pleases God.( Malf uza t , new edition, vol.4, pp.215–216) May Allah the Almighty give us the ability to act upon these admonishments of the Promised Messiah as and May he enable us to be true to the pledge that we have made with Him.

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X That he/she shall enter into a bond of brotherhood with this humble servant of God, pledging obedience to me in every- thing good for the sake of God, and remain faithful to it until the day of his/ her death.That he/she shall exert such a high devotion in the observance of this bond as is not to be found in any other worldly relationship and connection that demand devoted dutifulness. [From the Friday sermon delivered at the Fa d l Mosque, London, United Kingdom, on September 19, 2003, in which tenth condition of bai‘at was discussed in detail.] In this condition, the Promised Messiah as is taking a pledge from us that by joining this organisation we are establishing a bond of brotherhood with him.Every Muslim is a brother of the other Muslim.But the relationship of love and brotherhood that is being established means much more c o n d i t i o n

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 170 than that.You are not merely establishing a bond of equals; instead, you are acknowledging that it is a command of Allah and His Messenger sa to accept the Messiah that was promised.Therefore, you are establishing this bond for the sake of Allah the Almighty.You are making this contract to uphold the reli- gion of Allah the Almighty and to convey and spread the reli- gion of Islam to all corners of the world.This bond can only be successful and long-lasting if you pledge to be obedient in everything good and keep this pledge until death.You should be mindful that this bond does not remain inactive, but should become stronger every day.It should be so strong and its stan- dard should be so high that, in comparison, all other relations, bonds, and friendships should prove weaker.The bond should be so matchless and strong that in its comparison all other bonds and relations should seem meaningless.Then he says that the thought can cross one’s mind that in family relationships sometimes the rule of give and take—to compromise, to accept, and to have one’s decisions accepted occasionally—is applicable.Here it must be understood that this, instead, is the bond of a slave and servant.Indeed, it should be even more than that.You have to be obedient without any grumbling.You never have the right to say that such and such cannot be done or that you cannot do such and such at this time.When you have taken the bai‘at and have entered the organisation of the Jam a ‘at of the Promised Messiah as , you have given everything of your’s to the Promised Messiah as.You have to obey his decisions; you have to act upon his teachings.Since the system of khil a fat exists after him, you have to follow the decisions and the instruc- tions of the Khalifah of the time.Here you should not think

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Condition X 171 that the servant or the subordinate has to obey because he is helpless and is obligated to serve.Servants sometimes grumble too.Always keep in mind that although your condition is that of a servant, it is really much higher because it is a bond of brotherhood and acknowledgement of obedience for the sake of Allah the Almighty that comes with the pledge of sacrifice.The reward for sacrifice is received only if the sacrifice is offered with pleasure.This condition is such that the more one thinks about it, the deeper one submerges oneself in the love of the Promised Messiah as and the more one will find oneself bound by the organisation of the Jam a ‘at.In the Noble Qur’an, Allah the Almighty says: 92 O Prophet! When believing women come to thee, taking the oath of allegiance at thy hands that they will not associate anything with Allah, and that they will not steal, and will not commit adultery, nor kill their children, nor bring forth a scandalous charge which they themselves have deliberately forged, nor disobey thee in what is right, then accept their allegiance and ask Allah to forgive them.Verily, Allah is Most Forgiving, Merciful.92.( al-Mumta h inah , 60:13)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 172 This verse emphasizes that the pledge of bai‘at should be taken from women so that they will not perform shirk , nor steal, nor commit adultery, nor kill their children (i.e.they will be mindful of proper upbringing of their children), nor accuse anyone falsely, and nor disobey in anything good.Here, the question arises whether a Prophet, who is appointed by Allah, can ever give a command that is not good.If a Prophet can do so, then can a Khalifah also give commands that are not good? In this regard, it must be clearly understood that a Prophet can never give any such command.A Prophet will only say what is right; he will not say anything otherwise.That is why at many places in the Holy Qur’an it is mentioned that one must obey the commands of Allah and His Prophet sa , and one must carry them out.Nowhere is it specified that you are to obey only the good commands.The question then arises, why are there two different instructions? As a matter of fact, these are not differing instructions.Some people have made an error in understanding them.So, as I said earlier, all commandments coming from a Prophet are good.A Prophet can never give a command that is against the command of Allah or the commands of the shar i ‘ah.He is appointed by Allah to carry out those commands so how can he go against them? It is good news for you that by accepting the Prophet—the one commissioned by God—and by entering into his fold, you have become secure because no command given to you is wrong.Every command given to you is favoured by Allah.

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Condition X 173 Definition of ‘ Ma‘r u f’ and ‘ Ghair Ma‘r u f ’ Sometimes people move away from the organisation, mislead others, and create problems in their circle by getting caught the tangle of obedience only in ‘ ma‘r u f’ decisions and good commands.They should understand not to delve into the definition of ‘ ma‘r u f ’ and ‘ ghair ma‘r u f ’ decisions on their own accord.Hadrat Khalifatul Masih I ra explaining this states: There is one more error and that is in understanding of the ‘obedience in good things’ that we will not obey in those matters that we think are not ‘good’.This word has also come with reference to the Holy Prophet sa.93 Have these people made a list of faults of the Holy Prophet sa also? Similarly, Hadrat Sahib has written ‘obedi- ence in good things’ in his conditions of bai‘at.There is wisdom in it.I do not doubt anyone of you at all.I have explained these things lest anyone of you be deceived subtly.( Khu t ab a t-e-N u r , pp.420–421) The Promised Messiah as expounding on the subject of ‘enjoins them to do good’ writes: This Prophet directs you in matters that are not opposed to sane reason.And he prohibits you from things that common sense also prohibits you from.And he makes pure things lawful and impure things unlawful.And he removes the burdens from the nations that they were buried under.And he 93.( al-Mumta h inah , 60:13)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 174 frees them from shackles that were preventing their necks from being straightened.Therefore, these people who will believe in him and will strengthen him by joining him and will help him and will follow the light that has been brought down with him, they will escape the hardships of this world and the here- after.( Barahin-e-Ahmadiyyah , vol.5, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.21, p.420) Thus, just as a Prophet does not deviate from the command- ments of Allah the Almighty, his Khalifah —who is appointed by Allah the Almighty through a party of believers—also perpetuates the same teaching, the same commandments that Allah the Almighty has conveyed to us through the Holy Prophet sa.In this age, they have been explained to us by the Promised Messiah as in accordance with the prophecies of the Holy Prophet sa.So now, this system of khil a fat has been estab- lished in the Jam a ‘at through the Promised Messiah as in accor- dance with the prophecies of the Holy Prophet sa , and it will last, insh a’ Allah , till the end of time.Through it, decisions have been made according to shar i ‘ah and wisdom and will continue to be this way, insh a’ Allah.These are the ‘good deci- sions’.If, at any time, the Khalifah of the time makes such a decision because of a mistake or misunderstanding, that carries the risk of causing some harm, then Allah the Almighty will bring about such means that will prevent bad consequences.In this regard, Hadrat Mu s le h -e-Mau ‘u d ra states: It is possible that the Khalifah of the time makes a mistake in personal matters.But in such matters on which depends the physical and spiritual progress, even if he commits an error,

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Condition X 175 Allah the Almighty safeguards His Jam a ‘at and somehow makes him aware of the error.In the terminology of sages, it is called ‘lesser sanctity’.That means, the Prophets enjoy a ‘greater sanctity’ but the Khulaf a ’ have ‘lesser sanctity’ and Allah the Almighty does not permit any such major mistakes by them that may cause disaster for the Jam a ‘at.Their deci- sions may have partial and minor mistakes, but in the end, the result will be victory for Islam and defeat for its enemies.Thus, because the Khulaf a ’ enjoy ‘lesser sanctity’, their policy will emanate from Allah’s.While it is true that they will be the one speaking, their tongues will be in motion, their hands will move, their minds will work, yet behind all of this will be the hand of Allah.They can make minor errors in finer details.Sometimes their advisors can give them wrong advice.But crossing these intermediary obsta- cles, they will be the one who will be victorious.And when all the links are put together, the resulting chain will be good and it will be so strong that no power will be able to break it.( Tafs i r-e-Kab i r, Hadrat Mirz a Bashir-ud-Din Ma h m u d Ahmad ra , vol.6, pp.376–377) From this, it is evident that ‘not good’ is that which is a blatant violation of commandments of Allah the Almighty and the instructions of the shar i ‘ah.Hadrat ‘Al i ra narrates that the Holy Prophet sa sent away an expedition and appointed a leader for it so people should listen to him and obey him.This leader had a fire set up and commanded his companions to jump into it.Some people did not obey him and said, ‘We have become Muslims to escape the fire.’ But some people were prepared to jump into the fire.When the Holy Prophet sa

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 176 heard of this, he observed that, ‘If they had jumped into the fire, they would have stayed in it forever.’ He also said, ‘No obedience is obligatory if it involves disobedience to Allah.Obedience is necessary only in ‘good decisions’.( Sunano Ab i D a w u d , Kit ab- u l-J ih a d, B a bun fi t-Ta ‘ati ) Further explanation of this h ad i th is found in the narration of Hadrat Ab u Sa ‘i d Khudr i ra who narrates that: The Holy Prophet sa sent Hadrat ‘Alqamah Bin Mujazziz ra on a battle.When he reached there or was on the way, a contingent of his army asked for permission to proceed separately.He gave them permission and appointed Hadrat ‘Abdull a h Bin H udh a fah ra Bin Qais al-Sahm i as their leader.I was among those who went with him.While they were in journey, they set up fire for keeping warm or for cooking.‘Abdull a h Bin H udh a fah ra (who had a humorous nature) said, ‘Is it not oblig- atory on you to obey what I say?’ They said, ‘Why not?’ Upon this ‘Abdull a h Bin H udh a fah ra said, ‘Will you obey any command I give you?’ They said, ‘Yes we will obey it.’ ‘Abdull a h Bin H udh a fah ra said, ‘I do tell you to jump into this fire.’ On this, some people stood up and started preparing to jump into the fire.When ‘Abdull a h Bin H udh a fah ra saw that they were actually going to jump into the fire, he asked them to stop themselves from doing so.Upon our return, the Companions reported it to the Holy Prophet sa.The Holy Prophet sa said, ‘If any one of your leaders tells you to disobey Allah the Almighty, you should not obey him.’ ( Sunano Ibn-e- M aj ah , Kit ab- u l-J ih a d, B a bu L a Ta ‘ata f i Ma ‘s iyatill a h)

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Condition X 177 One thing is quite evident from this h ad i th —the decision not to obey was not of one individual.Some people were prepared to jump into the fire on account of the order to obey their leader under all circumstances.They had heard and thought that it was the Islamic teaching to obey the leader in every way, in every condition, and in every form.But some Companions ra who had better understanding of the commandments of Allah, and had benefited more from the company of the Holy Prophet sa , refused.They did not act upon it because it was suicidal, and suicide is expressly prohib- ited in Islam.Secondly, when ‘Abdull a h Bin H udh a fah ra , who was their leader, saw the seriousness of a few, he too grew worried and stopped them because it was only a joke.After this, the Holy Prophet sa , by his explanation, defined the prin- ciple of ‘goodness’ as to what is ‘good’ and what is ‘not good’.It should be clear that a Prophet or the Khalifah of the time can never say such a thing even as a joke.That is why Allah the Almighty has said that if you see a violation of a clear command by a leader, you should have recourse to Allah and the Prophet sa.Now in this age, righteous khil a fat has been established after the Promised Messiah as.You should turn to the Khalifah.His decision will always be the ‘good decision’.His decision will be in accordance with the commandment of Allah and the Prophet sa.Therefore, as I said earlier, you have the good news that now you are always under ‘good decisions’.These days, one might hear criticism that a worker who was doing a good job was replaced, and therefore the Khalifah of the time or the organisation of the Jam a ‘at had not made a ‘good decision’.(Such critics have made their own definition

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 178 of good decisions).Therefore, they think that they have the right to speak against the decision wherever and whenever.First of all, no one has the right to speak against the Jam a ‘at anywhere.I have already explained this topic in depth.Your duty is only to obey.What is the standard of obedience? Allah the Almighty says in the Holy Qur’an: 94 And they swear by Allah their strongest oaths that, if thou command them, they will surely go forth.Say, ‘Swear not; what is required is actual obedience in what is right.Surely, Allah is well aware of what you do.’ The subject of obedience is being discussed in the preceding verses.Believers always say that we heard and accepted.Because of their piety, they are granted nearness [to Allah] and become triumphant.In this verse, we are enjoined to adopt the ‘hear and obey’ attitude like true believers.Do not swear that we will do this and that.Hadrat Mu s le h -e-Mau ‘u d ra has written in its commentary that the hypocrites also make a lot of claims.But the good way is to practice obedience.Allah the Almighty is commanding that such people should adopt the good way to practice obedience according to the proper standard.Be obedient according to the proper customs.The Prophet is not going to give you a command that is against the shar i ‘ah and against common sense.For example, the Promised Messiah as says that when you have accepted me, you 94.( al-N u r , 24:54)

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Condition X 179 should get used to five daily Prayers, give up falsehood, give up arrogance, stop usurping the rights of others, and live together in love and affection.All this comes under the command of ‘obey in all good matters’.There are people that do not follow any of this, but instead go around saying that they swear they would do whatever is commanded to them.Similarly, there are different initiatives from Khulaf a ’ at different times for the spiritual growth such as about popu- lating the mosques, proper upbringing of children, having more tolerance, courage, and calling people towards Allah, or about different financial sacrifices.These are the matters that one need to obey.In other words, these come under the clas- sification of obedience in ‘good matters’.A Prophet or a Khalifah is not going to ask anything that is against the divine commandments or common sense; he is not going to command one to jump into fire or plunge into an ocean.Prophets or Khulaf a ’ are always going to lead one along the shar i ‘ah.Superior Example of Obedience We find a great example of obedience with the Muslims of the early era when Hadrat ‘Umar ra took the command away from Hadrat Kh a lid ra Bin al-Wal i d and gave it to Hadrat Ab u ‘Ubaidah ra in the course of a battle.Thinking that Kh a lid ra Bin al-Wal i d was performing well, Hadrat Ab u ‘Ubaidah ra did not take over the charge from him right away.When Hadrat Kh a lid ra Bin al-Wal i d learnt that this command had come from Hadrat ‘Umar ra , he went to Hadrat Ab u ‘Ubaidah ra and said, ‘Since it is the instruction from the Khalifah of the time,

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 180 you should implement it without any delay.I have no reserva- tion in serving under your command, and I will continue to work as hard under you as I did when I was the commander.’ This is the high standard of obedience.Some foolish person can say that it was ‘not a good decision’ of Hadrat ‘Umar ra.This is also a wrong notion.We do not know the circum- stances as to why Hadrat ‘Umar ra made that decision.He knew it better.There was nothing obvious in this decision that would be against the shar i ‘ah.Note that Allah the Almighty upheld the honour of this decision of Hadrat ‘Umar ra and the battle was won.During the battle, some occasions were such that there were a hundred enemy soldiers against a single Muslim soldier, yet the battle was won.The Promised Messiah as also received the distinction to be an arbitrator and a judge in the service of his Master—a service that is unparalleled.Therefore, in this age, the claim of obedience and love for the Holy Prophet sa and the claim for love for Allah can be justified by true obedience to the Promised Messiah as , just as Allah the Almighty says: 95 Say, ‘If you love Allah, follow me: then will Allah love you and forgive you your faults.And Allah is most Forgiving, Merciful.’ 95.( A l-e-‘Imr a n , 3:32)

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Condition X 181 Whatever Promised Messiah as Attained was by Following the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa The Promised Messiah as states: I have received a full measure of the blessing that were given to the Prophets and honoured ones of God before me purely as a result of the Grace of Allah and not due to any merit of my own.And it was not possible for me to get this blessing if I did not follow the ways of my Master and Lord, the honour of the Prophets and the best of them all, the Holy Prophet, may peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.So, whatever I achieved, resulted from following the his path.I understand— based on my true and complete knowledge—that no one can reach God without following His Prophet sa , may peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, nor can he have a share of the perfect understanding.And here I am going to tell you about the first thing that develops in the heart as a result of the honest and perfect following of the Holy Prophet, may peace and blessings of Allah be upon him; so know it that it is the righteous heart.The love of the world departs from the heart, and it desires an eternal and unending pleasure.Then, as a consequence of this righteous heart, a pure and perfect divine love is acquired.And all these blessings are received as inherit- ance from following the Holy Prophet, may peace and bless- ings of Allah be upon him.As Allah the Almighty Himself states: 96

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 182 That is: Tell them if you love God, come follow me so that God may love you too.Indeed, a one-sided claim of love is totally false and absurd.When man honestly loves God, then God also loves him.Then an acceptance for him is spread in the world.A sincere love for him is produced in the hearts of thousands; a force of attraction is granted to him, and a light is given to him that always stays with him.When a person loves Allah with a sincere heart and adopts Him over the whole world and to him nothing is left of the majesty and dignity of anything besides Allah—instead he considers all these others to be worse than a dead worm—then Allah Who sees his heart descends upon it with a weighty manifestation.Just as a refined mirror put in front of the sun provides such a perfect reflection of the sun that it can be said, figuratively and meta- phorically, that the same sun that is in the sky is also present in the mirror, likewise Allah descends on such a heart and makes it His throne.This is the purpose for which man was created.( H aq i qat-ul-Wa hy i , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.22, pp.64–65) As a result of the love and the affection the Promised Messiah as had for the Holy Prophet sa , Allah the Almighty made the heart of the Promised Messiah as a part of His throne.Allah will continue to descend upon the hearts in the future also according to their respective statures.But now the claim of the love for the Holy Prophet sa , the claim of his perfect obedience, will prove true only when the bond of love and 96.( A l-e-‘Imr a n , 3:32)

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Condition X 183 obedience with his spiritual son is established.That is why the Promised Messiah as says, ‘Establish a bond of love and obedience with me above all other relations.This is how one will follow the Holy Prophet sa and subsequently attain Allah’s love.’ He is not saying this lightly.The Holy Prophet sa himself has told us this as he said, ‘If you see the time of Messiah and Mahd i , you should go and convey my sal a m to him even if you have to crawl on your knees.’ What is the message in this emphasis in taking so much pain to convey this sal a m ? What is the wisdom behind it? The Holy Prophet sa is pointing out that the Promised Messiah is dear to him and he is dear to the Promised Messiah.This is matter of principle that you reach the ones you love through their loved ones.Therefore, he says, ‘If you want to become my follower, follow the Promised Messiah, accept him as the Imam, and enter his Jam a ‘at.’ That is why it is said in a h ad i th : ‘Beware! There will be no Prophet or Messenger between Jesus the son of Mary (the Promised Messiah) and me.Listen carefully that he will be my Khalifah from among my followers after me.He will certainly kill Dajj a l , he will shatter the cross, meaning he will destroy the Christian doctrine, and he will abolish jizyah [poll tax].(In the period of the Promised Messiah as , its practice will be abandoned because there will be no religious wars.) Remember, anyone who gets the honour of meeting him, he must convey my sal a m to him.( Al-Mo‘jam Al-ausa t Li t-t abar ani, M anismuh u ‘ I s a.Al-Mo‘jam-u s- S agh i r Li t-t abar ani, M anismuh u ‘ I s a ) Instead of reflecting on this h ad i th and instead of listening to those who have reflected on it and have unlocked its depth,

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 184 the scholars of this day have gone after its literal meaning and have misled simple-minded Muslims and have created such a havoc that is beyond belief.We seek the protection of Allah from them, and He is dealing with them and will deal with them in the future, insh a’ Allah.It is evident from this h ad i th that the Promised Messiah will be a just ruler; he will not do anything against justice, and he is such an Imam who will establish equity in the world.Therefore, establish contact with him, follow his commands, and act on his teachings because he will only teach justice and equity, and this is nothing but Qur’anic teachings.People of this age expect that the Messiah will come with hammers and will literally shatter the cross.This is absurdity.It is quite obvious that the Promised Messiah, following his master and patron, will convince others through arguments, and through arguments he will annihilate and expose the Christian doctrine.What is meant by the killing of the Dajj a l is only that the Promised Messiah will save the ummah from the mischief of the Dajj a l.Moreover, since there will be no religious wars, the practice of a poll tax will also cease.Then, there is the instruction to convey the sal a m to the Promised Messiah, but the Muslims, instead of conveying the sal a m , are bent upon opposing the Promised Messiah as.May Allah grant them sense.There is another tradition from which we learn the status of the Promised Messiah as and the reason it is essential for us to maintain a bond of obedience with him.Hadrat Ab u Hurairah ra narrates that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Until Jesus, son of Mary, who is a Just Ruler and Equitable Imam , appears, the end of days will not come.[When he is

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Condition X 185 sent], he will break the cross, kill the swine, abolish jizyah and will distribute such treasures that people will not be ready to accept.’ ( Sunano Ibn-e-M aj ah , Kit ab u l-F ita n, B a bu Fitnatid- Dajj a li wa Khur u ji ‘I sabni Maryama wa Khur u ji Y aju ja wa M aju j) Since this h ad i th also required interpretation, it was not under- stood by the people of coarse intellect and they went after its literal meaning giving it an odd and ridiculous explanation.It is quite obvious that ‘killing the swine’ pertains to eliminating those people who have swine-like characters.The faults of swine compared to other animals are now well-known.When the same faults appear in humans, obviously their cleansing is very much needed.Another point not understood by such [people of coarse intellect] is that he will give and distribute wealth.Just a few days ago, some ‘scholars’ held a gathering in Pakistan, and using extremely vulgar language against the Promised Messiah as and the Jam a ‘at, they raised this question that the Messiah was to come and distribute wealth and not to ask people for it.Yet, Ahmad i s (they instead say Qadian i s) collect chandah [donations], which proves that they are imposters.No sane person can make them understand that these are the spiritual treasures that the Messiah as is distrib- uting that they refuse to accept.The fact of the matter is that they only have the eye for this world and they cannot go beyond it.This is their role.Let them continue.Pakistani Ahmad i s need not be too apprehensive.In the face of these scholars’ filth and absurdities, we should walk away displaying patience and fortitude.In the face of these scholars’ filth and absurdities, we do admit that we accept our defeat; we cannot

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 186 compete with their filth and absurdities.I must make one point very clear that when man does not say anything, Allah speaks for him, and when Allah speaks, we have seen the pieces of the enemy scattered all over, and we shall see that in the future also, insh a’ Allah.Therefore, Ahmad i s should have a loyal relationship with the Promised Messiah as and place emphasis upon prayers.Continue to pray all the time.These traditions also prove that the Messiah to come will also be the Imam.He will also be the H akam [Authority].He will be the prince of justice and equity.You must establish a bond with him, and it is incumbent on you to obey him as the H akam and the Imam.These teachings are for your better- ment and training.You should act upon them so that you join those who are dear to the Holy Prophet sa and who have achieved nearness to Allah the Almighty.Submission Under All Circumstances I shall present some traditions that illustrate the importance of submission.Hadrat Ab u Hurairah ra states that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘It is incumbent on you to listen to and obey the directives of the ruler of the time in austerity or prosperity, happiness or grief, inequity or favouritism—in any and all situations.’ ( S a hih M usli m, Kit ab- ul-Im a rah, B a bu Wuj u bi Ta ‘atil-Umar a ’i f i Ma‘ s iyatin wa Ta hri muh a fil-Ma‘ s iyah) Hadrat Ibn-e-‘Abb a s ra states that the Prophet of Allah said, ‘If anyone sees something undesirable in his leader and ruler, he should exercise patience because, if anyone is even slightly

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Condition X 187 distant from the Jam a ‘at, he will die in ignorance.’ ( S a hih Al- Bukh ari , Kit ab ul-Fitan, Bab u Q auli n-N abiyyi Sa-tarauna B a‘d i U mur a n tunkir u nah a ) Hadrat ‘Arfajah ra states that, ‘I heard the Holy Prophet sa saying that when you are gathered together on one hand and have one leader, if someone comes and tries to break your unity so that he may create divisions among you, you ought to kill him.That is, you should cut your ties with him and not listen to him, (i.e., totally ignore his instructions).( S a hih M usli m, Kit ab- ul-Im a rah, B a bu H ukmi man Farraqa Amral-Muslim i na wa huwa Mujtami‘un) It is reported from Hadrat ‘Ub a dah ra Bin A s - Sa mit that we took the covenant with the Holy Prophet sa on the point that we will listen and we will obey whether we like it or dislike it.And that wherever we are, we will not dispute with the incumbent of rightful authority, we will stay firm on the truth or that we will only speak the truth and that we will not be afraid of the rebuke of anyone in matters concerning Allah the Almighty.( S a hih M usli m, Kit ab- ul-Im a rah, B a bu wuj u bi Ta ‘atil-Umar a ’i fi ghairi ma‘ s iyatin wa ta h r i moh a fil-ma‘ si yah, H ad i th No.4768) Hadrat Ibn-e-‘Umar ra states that the Holy Prophet sa said, ‘Whoever holds back from obedience to Allah will meet Allah the Almighty on the Day of Judgement in a condition that he would have no valid argument or excuse.And he who dies in a condition that he has not taken a pledge of allegiance with the Imam of the time would die the death of ignorance and

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 188 apostasy.’ ( S a hih M usli m, Kit ab- ul-Im a rah, B a bu wuj u bi Mul a- zimati Jam a ‘atil-Muslim i na ‘Inda Z uh u ril-Fitan) Thus, you are fortunate that you have accepted the Imam of the time and you have entered into a covenant of bai‘at with him.Now, you have to obey him purely for the sake of Allah.You have to carry out all his commandments.Otherwise, you will be going out of the circle of obedience to Allah the Almighty.May Allah establish every Ahmad i on the superior standard of obedience.And how do you establish such high standards? These standards can be achieved only by acting on the teachings of the Promised Messiah as.Who Enters the Jam a ‘at The Promised Messiah as says: Only he enters my Jam a ‘at who adopts my teachings as the code of his life and acts upon them according to his capacity and capability.The one who just gets his name registered but does not act according to the teachings should be mindful that Allah has decreed to make this Jam a ‘at a special Jam a ‘at, and anyone who does not truly belong to this Jam a ‘at will not be counted among it just because he has registered.A time will come upon him that he would dissociate himself.Therefore, as far as possible, make your deeds subservient to the teaching that is given.What is that teaching? He says: Do not say anything that will create disorder, do no evil, show patience in the face of abuse, and do not confront anyone.If

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Condition X 189 someone confronts you, treat him kindly and gently.Set a good example of soft speech.Honestly obey every command so that God may be pleased with you, and the enemy should realise that after taking the covenant, you are no longer the same person that you were.Testify honestly in litigation.Everyone who enters this Jam a ‘at should adopt righteousness with all his heart, determination, and strength.The world is nearing its end.( Malf uza t , new edition, vol.3, pp.620–621) Here, he has said that you should not say anything that will create disorder.Some people are in the habit of spreading rumours for fun.That carries the risk of creating disorder.People have different temperaments.If something unpleasant is stated in the presence of the one who was the subject of that comment, that person will naturally develop a resentment against the person to whom the statement is attributed.Though I feel that it should not produce any ill feeling, there is a way to stop such mischief, and that is that one should directly approach the person to whom the comment was attributed and ask him, ‘Have you heard these comments; have you said anything like this?’ That will clarify the matter and will also help reform the mischief-makers.Sometimes such mischief-makers pit families against families.Stay away from such mischief and from such mischief-makers.And if possible, try to reform such people.Evil also develops from direct confrontations, fights and abuses.That also creates discord.The Promised Messiah as tells us: if you are connected to me and you claim submission to me, then shun everything of mischief and evil.You should have such patience and tolerance that even if someone abuses

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 190 you, you should show restraint.The door of salvation will open for you when you act upon this teaching.You will join those who have achieved nearness to Allah.There should be no confrontation in any matter.Even being in the right, be humble like one who is in the wrong.No matter what the other person has said, deal with that person with love, affec- tion and sincerity.Your tongue should be so pure, your language so sweet, and good morals so overflowing that people should be attracted towards you.Everyone should realise that you are an Ahmad i.N othing less than the highest moral values can be expected of you.In short, your high morals will attract others and will become a source for drawing their attention.Some people give false testaments for personal gain in liti- gation.They present their case falsely.The Promised Messiah as says that even your vested interests should not prevent you from truthful testimony.Some people here and in other coun- tries make false statements in their efforts to migrate.Stay away from all these things.Submit your [migration] case based on the facts, and if it is granted as such, then you should stay; otherwise you should go back.Sometimes cases are rejected even if they are fabricated; you should try sticking to the truth.Insh a’ Allah , it will only benefit you.Even if your case is rejected, you will at least not earn the displeasure of Allah.

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Condition X 191 Develop Brotherhood and Love Among Yourselves and a True Relationship With Allah the Almighty Advising about mutual love and brotherhood, the Promised Messiah as says: Develop brotherhood and love among yourselves and give up viciousness and dissension.Totally abstain from any kind of insult and ridicule because they distance you from truth and lead you far away.Treat each other with respect.Everyone should give priority to the comfort of his brother.Create a sincere reconciliation with Allah the Almighty and come back into His obedience.… Get rid of every kind of dispute, hostility and animosity from among yourselves because the time has come that we should abstain from petty matters and become preoccupied with important and magnificent goals.( Malf uza t , vol.1.pp.266–268) Then he says: Our Jam a ‘at should have a sincere relationship with Allah the Almighty, and the Jam a ‘at members should be grateful that Allah the Almighty has not rejected them.Instead, he has shown hundreds of signs of His power to elevate their faith to the level of conviction.Is there anyone among you who can say that he has not seen any sign? I do claim that there is not even one who has had the occasion to stay in my company and yet not seen a fresh sign from Allah with his own eyes.This is what our Jam a ‘at needs—that their faith be enhanced, that they should develop true conviction and

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 192 understanding of Allah, that there should be no laziness or indifference about the righteous deeds.If one is lazy, and it is a hardship even to perform ablution, how would he offer tahajjud [supererogatory Prayers].If the strength to perform the righteous deeds and the passion to excel in goodness do not develop, it is useless to establish a link with us.( Malf uza t , new edition, vol.2.pp.710–711) In this tenth condition of bai‘at , the Promised Messiah as has placed great emphasis on having such a strong bond with him that there should be nothing like it in any other relationship of this world.The only reason for this emphasis is, strictly speaking, his sympathy for us.Because the true Islam can be found only and only by accepting him, if we want to save ourselves from drowning, then we have to get on the ark of the Promised Messiah as.He says: Now rush towards me because this is the time that he who runs toward me now is like the one who gets on board the ship right at the time of a storm.But if someone does not accept me, I see that he is throwing himself into a storm and has no means of saving himself.I am a true intercessor as a shadow and reflection of that Exalted intercessor, who was not accepted by the ignorant people of that age and who was gravely insulted, that is Hadrat Muhammad the Chosen one, may peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.( D af i‘u l-B a la’.R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.18, p.233) He said this because the claim of the Promised Messiah as is in accordance with the prophecies of the Holy Prophet sa.

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Condition X 193 Two Benefits of Bai‘at at the Hand of Promised Messiah as Then he says: Thus, there are two benefits of this bai‘at that is done at my hand.One is that the sins are forgiven and one is entitled to clemency in accordance with the promise of Allah.The other is that by repenting in the presence of the Apostle, strength is granted and man is saved from the attacks of Satan.Be mindful that the world should not be your objective when you enter this Movement, but your objective should be the pleasure of Allah, because this world is only a passing phase and will pass by one way or the other.97 Keep this world and its objectives and purposes entirely aside.Do not mix them with faith because this world is doomed to end, but the faith and its rewards are unending.( Malf uza t , vol.6, p.145) The Promised Messiah as —the Strong Fort of Protection for Our Times The Promised Messiah as says: O ye dear ones, O ye the flourishing branches of the tree of my being, who, by the mercy of God Almighty, which you enjoy because of having entered into the covenant of bai‘at 97.A night of hardship or a night of luxury; the night will pass either way.

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 194 with me! you are devoting your lives, comfort, and properties to this cause.I am aware that you will deem it your good fortune to carry out whatever I might impose upon you to the full extent of your capacity.But I do not desire to lay down anything by myself as an obligation upon you, so that your service should not be the result of my directive, but should proceed out of your own free will.Who is my friend and who is dear to me? Only he who recognises me.Only he who believes that I have been sent and accepts me as those are accepted who are sent.The world cannot accept me because I am not of the world, but those whose natures have been invested with a portion of the other world accept me and will accept me.He who turns away from me, turns aside from Him Who has sent me.And he who establishes a relationship with me establishes a relationship with Him from Whom I have come.I hold a lamp in my hand.He who comes to me will surely partake of its light, but he who, out of ill-thinking, runs away will be cast into the darkness.I am the citadel of security for this age.He who enters therein will be secure against thieves and robbers and wild beasts.He who seeks to remain away from my walls will be confronted with death from every direction, and even his dead body will not be saved.Who is it who enters my citadel? Only he who discards vice and adopts goodness, and gives up crookedness and treads along the path of truth, and frees himself from the bondage of Satan and becomes an obedient servant of Allah the Almighty.Everyone who does that is in me, and I am in him.But only he has the power to attain to this upon whom Allah the Almighty bestows a pure soul.Then He places His Foot in the hell of such a one’s inner self, and it becomes cool as if there

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Condition X 195 had never been any fire in it.Then he marches forward till the spirit of Allah the Almighty dwells in him, and, with a special manifestation, the Lord of the world establishes Himself in his heart.Then his old humanity is consumed and a new and pure humanity is bestowed on him.For him Allah the Almighty becomes a new Allah and establishes a special rela- tionship with him and he is equipped in this very life with the pure fittings of a heavenly life.( Fat- h e-Islam , R uhani Khaz a ’in, vol.3, pp.34–35) May Allah the Almighty enable us all to fulfil all our pledges made with the Promised Messiah as ; may we remain firmly established upon all the conditions of his bai‘at ; may we, by acting upon his teachings, make our lives like paradise, and may we be judged to be the inheritors of the paradises of the next world.May Allah the Almighty help us.A m i n.

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pa r t i i the spiritual revolution as a result of the bai‘at

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 [From the Friday sermon delivered at the Fa d l Mosque, London, United Kingdom, on September 26, 2003] Rejoice That Henceforth You Shall Forever Remain Under ‘ Ma‘r u f ’ Decisions 98 In my previous Friday sermon, I explained the tenth and the last condition of bai‘at.98.O, Prophet! when believing women come to thee, taking oaths of allegiance, at thy hands that they will not associate anything with Allah, and that they will not steal, and will not commit adultery, nor kill their children, nor bring forth a scandalous charge which they themselves have deliberately forged, nor disobey thee in what is right, then accept their allegiance and ask Allah to forgive them.Verily, Allah is Most Forgiving, Merciful.( al-Mumta h inah , 60:13)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 200 I would like to further elaborate on the concept of obedi- ence to ‘ ma‘r u f ’ [right] directives.Explanation of Obedience to the Directives Based on Goodness The verse of the Holy Qur’an that I have recited stresses upon women who take bai‘at, that they should pledge not to asso- ciate anyone with Allah, not to steal, not to commit adultery, not to kill their children, not to neglect moral upbringing of their children, not to accuse anyone falsely, and not to disobey in matters which are ‘ ma‘r u f ’.Here a question may arise: Can a Prophet, who is appointed by Allah the Almighty give directives that might be ‘ ghair ma‘r u f ’ [not right]? If a Prophet can do so, then evidently it is possible for his Khulaf a’ to issue directives that are not right.It should be clear that a Prophet can never give such directives.Whatever a Prophet would say has to be ‘ ma‘r u f ’.It is out of the question that he can say anything else.Therefore, it is mentioned in the Holy Qur’an at several places that the commandments of Allah and the Prophet should be obeyed.Nowhere is it stated that those command- ments which are good should be obeyed.The question arises: Why are there two separate directives? In reality, there is no contradiction in the directives; it is just a matter of misunder- standing.As I have said earlier, whatever directive is given by a Prophet, it has to be ‘ ma‘r u f ’.A Prophet cannot issue an injunction against the commandments of Allah the Almighty in contradiction to the laws of shari‘ah.He is appointed to

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The Spiritual Revolution 201 enforce the commandments of God.How can he go against his assigned mission? This is a glad tiding to you that by accepting a Prophet, by accepting the one who is appointed by God, and by joining his Community, you have safeguarded yourselves.You are saved because you will not receive any commandment which is not based on goodness.All directives given to you are pleasing to God.Hadrat Khalifatul Masih I ra elaborates this point saying: There is one more error and that is in understanding of the ‘obedience in good things’, that we will not obey in those matters that we think are not ‘good’.This word has also come with reference to the Holy Prophet sa.99 Have these people made a list of faults of the Holy Prophet sa also? Similarly, Hadrat Sahib has written, ‘obedi- ence in good things’ in his conditions of bai‘at.There is wisdom in it.I do not doubt anyone of you at all.I have explained these things lest anyone of you be deceived subtly.( Khu t ab a t-e-N u r , Khu t bah E i d-ul-Fi t r, October 15, 1909, pp.420–421) The Promised Messiah as writes expounding on the subject of: 100 This Prophet directs you in matters that are not opposed to sane reason.And he prohibits you from things that common 99.Nor disobey thee in what is right.( al-Mumta h inah , 60:13) 100.Enjoins them to do good.

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 202 sense also prohibits you from.And he makes pure things lawful and impure things unlawful.And he removes the burdens from the nations that they were buried under.And he frees them from shackles that were preventing their necks from being straightened.Therefore, those people who will believe in him and will strengthen him by joining him and will help him and will follow the light that has been brought down with him, they will escape the hardships of this world and the here- after.( Barahin-e-Ahmadiyyah , vol.5, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.21, p.420) As the Prophet complies with the commandments of Allah the Almighty, he only issues commands that are acceptable to sane reason.He forbids evil and enjoins goodness.He can never deviate from this objective.Similarly, a Khalifah who succeeds a Prophet through a divinely guided election conducted by a group of believers to continue the mission also furthers the injunctions of the same teachings laid down by a Prophet of God.In this time and age, the Promised Messiah as explained these teachings as had been prophesied by the Holy Prophet sa.The institution of khil a fat has been estab- lished in the Community through the Promised Messiah as in accordance with the prophecies of the Holy Prophet sa.Now, therefore, all the decisions shall be made in accordance with the shar i ‘ah and the dictates of wisdom; and insh a ’Allah , those decisions would be always based on goodness.If at some point in time due to a miscalculation or misunderstanding on the part of a Khalifah , a decision is made which could possibly be harmful to the community, then Allah the Almighty Himself provides such measures that the ill-effects of such a decision

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The Spiritual Revolution 203 are prevented, and insh a ’Allah shall never be experienced in the future.In this regard, Hadrat Mu s le h -e-Mau ‘u d ra states: It is possible that the Khalifah of the time makes a mistake in personal matters.But in such matters on which depends the physical and spiritual progress, even if he commits an error, Allah the Almighty safeguards His Jam a ‘at and somehow makes him aware of the error.In the terminology of sages, it is called ‘lesser sanctity’.That means, the Prophets enjoy a ‘greater sanctity’ but the Khulaf a ’ have ‘lesser sanctity’ and Allah the Almighty does not permit any such major mistakes by them that may cause disaster for the Jam a ‘at.Their deci- sions may have partial and minor mistakes, but in the end, the result will be victory for Islam and defeat for its enemies.Thus, because the Khulaf a ’ enjoy ‘lesser sanctity’, their policy will emanate from Allah’s policy.While it is true that they will be the one speaking, their tongues will be in motion, their hands will move, their minds will work, yet behind all of this will be the Hand of Allah.They can make minor errors in finer details.Sometimes their advisors can give them wrong advice.But crossing these intermediary obstacles, they will be the one who will be victorious.And when all the links are put together, the resulting chain will be good and it will be so strong that no power will be able to break it.( Tafs i r-e-Kab i r, Hadrat Mirz a Bashir-ud-Din Ma h m u d Ahmad ra , vol.6, pp.376–377)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 204 Again, the Holy Qur’an sets forward a challenge.Allah the Almighty says in the Holy Qur’an: 101 And they swear by Allah their strongest oaths that, if thou command them, they will surely go forth.Say, ‘Swear not; what is required is actual obedience in what is right.Surely, Allah is well aware of what you do.’ The previous verses of the s u rah also talk about the subject of obedience and the believers always proclaim: We hear and we obey.It is their righteousness that enables them to attain near- ness to Allah and brings success to them.So, this verse also asks for hearing and obeying and showing compliance in practical terms, not just to swear that one would do this or do that.Hadrat Mu s le h -e-Mau‘ u d ra has written in Tafs i r-e-Kab i r that even hypocrites make big claims, but the real test is to show obedience in action and not, like hypocrites, through brag- ging about it.Here Allah the Almighty is instructing such persons to adopt obedience in goodness—obedience in accor- dance with the well-established tradition.The Prophet shall not ask you to do anything which would be against the shari‘ah or against wisdom.Then why are you raising any question in this regards? Let me give you an example: The Promised Messiah as says that you have made a pledge of allegiance with me; you have 101.( al-N u r , 24:54)

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The Spiritual Revolution 205 become a member of my Community, thus you should make the habit of saying your five daily Prayers, eschew lying, give up arrogance, stop usurping the rights of others, start loving each other.Now all this comes under obedience in matters of goodness.If one does not perform these actions and continues swearing that he would obey and act according to the direc- tives of the Promised Messiah as , this would not be considered obedience in mattrers of goodness.In the same manner, the Khulaf a’ launch various schemes at different times.They give instructions in spiritual matters asking to populate the mosques, to establish Prayers, to give proper training to the children, to strengthen moral values, to foster courage and perseverance.They also make appeals for inviting others towards Allah and making financial sacrifices.All these need to be followed unfailingly.In other words, they fall in the category of obedience to the good.No Prophet or Khalifah shall ever ask you to do anything against the commandments of God or against the dictates of wisdom.They will not ask you to jump into fire or drown yourselves in the ocean.In the last Friday sermon, I narrated a h ad i th where one Am i r had asked his subordinates to jump into the fire.There is another reference and it explains it further: Hadrat ‘Ab u Sa‘id Khudr i ra narrates that: The Holy Prophet sa sent Hadrat ‘Alqamah Bin Mujazziz ra for a battle.When he reached there or was on the way, a contingent of his army asked for permission to proceed separately.He gave them permission and appointed Hadrat ‘Abdull a h Bin H udh a fah Bin Qais as-Sahm i ra as their leader.I was among those who went with him.While they were in journey, they

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 206 set up fire for keeping warm or for cooking.Abdull a h Bin H udh a fah ra (who had a humorous nature) said, ‘Is it not oblig- atory on you to obey what I say?’ They said, ‘Why not?’ Upon this ‘Abdull a h Bin H udh a fah ra said, ‘Will you obey any command I give you?’ They said, ‘Yes we will obey it.’ ‘Abdull a h Bin H udh a fah ra said, ‘I do tell you to jump into this fire.’ On this, some people stood up and started preparing to jump into the fire.When ‘Abdull a h Bin H udh a fah ra saw that they were actually going to jump into the fire, he asked them to stop themselves (from jumping into the fire).Upon our return, the Companions ra reported it to the Holy Prophet sa.The Holy Prophet sa said, ‘If any one of your leaders tells you to disobey Allah the Almighty, you should not obey him.’ ( Sunano Ibn-e-M aj ah , Kit ab- u l-J ih a d, B a bu L a Ta ‘ata f i Ma ‘s iyatill a h) It must be made clear that a Prophet or a Khalifah cannot speak so even in jest.That is why Allah the Almighty says if you see disobedience committed by an Am i r , then the matter should be referred to Allah and His Messenger sa.Now, in this time and age, Khilafat-e-R a shidah [Righteous Khilafat ] has been established after the passing away of the Promised Messiah as.Therefore, go to the Khalifah and his decision will always be good, insh a ’Allah , and will be in accordance with the commandments of Allah and His Messenger sa.As I have said earlier: Rejoice! Now you shall always remain under directives that are based on goodness.Insh a ’Allah , there will not be any decision which is not based on goodness.

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The Spiritual Revolution 207 Spiritual Revolution Brought about by the Promised Messiah as After this, I would like to discuss whether those who, after joining the community of the Promised Messiah as , pledging allegiance at his hands, and vowing to these ten conditions of bai‘at , acted on these conditions and set an example of obedi- ence, or merely gave lip service to the pledge of allegiance to these conditions.For this, I have taken some examples that illustrate the changes and the spiritual revolution brought about in those who performed the bai‘at.And the examples of such change can be seen in the time of the Promised Messiah as as well as in this day and age.The Promised Messiah as says: I declare it on oath that there are at least one hundred thou- sand people in my Community who have believed in me with utmost sincerity of their hearts.They live righteously, and after having listened to me they are moved to tears most profusely.( S i rat-ul-Ma h d i , vol.1, p.165, second edition, published in 1935) Shunning Shirk One of the conditions (of bai‘at ) is that one should stay away from shirk [associating anyone with Allah].Not only our men, but women also have set such high standards of being role- models in observance of this condition that our hearts are filled with Allah’s praise on looking at the revolutionary change in them, and one feels impelled to pray for the

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 208 Promised Messiah as.For example, there is an incident in the life of Hadrat Chaudhry Z afrull a h Kh a n’s mother that shows how much she detested shirk.It is said that many of her children died in their infancy.Once, a child fell ill and was being treated for his illness.Someone came to visit her and left an amulet as a curative charm for him.A woman attempted to put that charm around the child’s neck.The mother snatched it and threw it into fire, saying: ‘My full trust is in my Creator and the Master; these amulets hold no significance for me.’ Later, when the child was of two months, she took him to her in-laws in Daska and stayed there for six months.Now the child was eight months old.She brought him to her parents home.After six days, the same woman—Jay Dev i —visited her once again.She kissed the boy and asked the mother for some garments and grains suggesting that they would ward off some evil from the child.In response, the mother said: ‘You are a poor widow; if you want something as charity, I will be happy to give it to you as much as I can afford, but I am not among those who believe in evil spirits.To me Allah the Almighty alone is the Master of life and death.I do not accept anything else as having any hand in these matters.For me, such thoughts are equal to faithlessness in to God.I hate them very much.For this very reason I am not willing to give you anything at all.’ Jay Dev i responded: ‘Think it over; if you wish to save the life of your child, you must give me what I have asked for.’ After a few days, as the mother was giving a bath to [the same baby boy], Jay Dev i visited once again and pointing to the child, making a gesture, said: ‘So is he the same prince?’ The mother replied in the affirmative saying: ‘Yes, this is the

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The Spiritual Revolution 209 one!’ Jay Dev i asked for the same articles once again, but she firmly refused to give her anything.At this, Jay Dev i got annoyed and said: ‘All right! If you return home with your child alive, only then you can say that I was lying!’ She replied: ‘Whatever shall happen, that shall be the will of God!’ Jay Dev i turned to leave and she was still in the porch, when during the bath right there and then Z afar vomited blood and also discharged blood from his bowels, and within moments his condition became extremely critical.Subsequently, within hours, he passed away.The mother entreated to Allah the Almighty in these words: ‘O, My Lord! You are the One who gave him to me and You are the One who have taken Him away! I am content with Your will! Please grant me resolve to remain patient!’ Then, she returned to Daskah [her home town] with an empty lap.( A sha b-e-Ahmad, vol.2, pp.15–16, published in 1969) Now it is evident how Allah the Almighty comforted her with tremendous amounts of favours, so much so that He blessed her with a son of the calibre of Chaudhry Z afrull a h Kh a n ra who lived a very long life, and earned extraordinary eminence and distinction in the world.Not to be Overpowered by Sinful Passions I give you an example of present time, not of the days past, and that too from African people of how people are being safeguarded against the sinful temptations of human passions after taking the bai‘at.Among the pagans of Africa, there are many dirty customs and habits.But as soon as they enter into the fold of Ahmadiyyat, they completely wipe clean all those

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 210 customs and bring a pure change within themselves as if those habits had never existed.We receive reports that habitual drunkards immediately started hating alcohol and this left a deep impression on others too.When they talk about such changes, their religious leaders say that Ahmadiyyat has put a magic spell upon them, and that is why they have quit drinking alcohol.I am reminded of an incident.One missionary informed me that a man in Ghana who became an Ahmad i used to have all sorts of bad habits such as drinking and adultery, etc.But then he underwent a marvellous change.As the people are poor, and there is a housing shortage, people rent rooms in larger houses.Renting a room is a common practice, and this man used to live in that kind of surroundings and had many associations with women.As soon as he became an Ahmad i , he told all of them not to come to him with evil intent.But one woman persisted in chasing him.To get rid of her he devised the method that upon seeing her coming, he would bolt the door from inside and started offering naw a fil prayers or reciting the Holy Qur’an.Thus, he safeguarded himself against the temptation.Now, these are the revolutionary changes brought by Ahmadiyyat.Again, one of our mission- aries Maul a n a Bash i r Ahmad Qamar narrated the following: After ‘E i d prayer, this humble one, along with some other members of the Ghana Jam a‘ at, went to visit the Paramount Chief.He was waiting for us with other chiefs.On our entrance to his court, all the Ahmad i brothers started singing enthusiastically in front of the chiefs and their companions.One old Ahmad i man, standing right in front of the chief was

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The Spiritual Revolution 211 waving his stick in the air and singing most passionately.Others in the audience, more than three hundred, were repeating the words of the song! On my asking the interpreter, I was told that they were singing the favours of Allah the Almighty and the blessings of Islam.They were saying that prior to Ahmadiyyat they were pagans and idol worshipers.They had no knowledge of the difference between h al a l [permissible] and h ar a m [forbidden], virtue and evil.They were living entirely like animals; they were thoroughly wild.They used to drink alcohol like water.Ahmadiyyat showed them the straight path, and they got rid of their evils, and turned into humans.These people were narrating all this as the truth of Ahmadiyyat with full confidence in front of their own Paramount Chief who knew their previous habits very well.(From Monthly An sa rull a h , January 1984, pp.30–31) Regularity in Prayers and Zest for Tahajjud The conditions of bai‘at include an injunction to be punctual in observing daily Prayers and offering tahajjud.The Promised Messiah as says: I am observing that my followers who have made a pledge of allegiance at my hand are rapidly enhancing their righteous- ness and their capacities to do well.After the days of Mub a - hala, our Jama'at has taken a new colour.They are in a new world.Often I find many of them crying in prostration and earnestly supplicating in all humility in the tahajjud Prayers.People with impure hearts call them disbelievers, but they are

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 212 the heart and life of Islam.( D am i mah Anj a m-e- A tham, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.11, p.315, Footnote) Here again I will give you an example of Ghana where people have brought a great change that I have myself observed.Some people travelled a very long distance and arrived very late at night.It was almost midnight when they got a chance to go to bed.On awakening at about 2 a.m., I saw them in the mosque in prostrations.One more narration comes to mind.Hadrat Munsh i Muhammad Ism a‘i l ra says that he remembers missing only one prayer that he could not offer in congregation (unless due to a genuine reason), and that was only because he had to leave the mosque for some urgent task.( A sha b-e-Ahmad, vol.1, p.196, published in 1951) There is also another account about Hadrat Munsh i Muhammad Ism a‘i l ra.After taking the oath of allegiance at the hand of the Promised Messiah as —on his return to his hometown, Sialkot—people noticed that he had given up all his previous meaningless habits, such as playing cards, engaging in idle talk, and sitting in the market place.Instead, he became very regular in offering the tahajjud Prayer.People were amazed to see this extraordinary change in his character.(Summarized from A sha b-e-Ahmad, vol.1, p.200, published in 1951) Concerning establishment of daily Prayers and tahajjud, Hadrat Naw a b Muhammad ‘Al i ra narrates: I was in Qadian at the time of Prayer on the occasion of the Solar Eclipse.Maulav i Muhammad A h s a n Amroh i led the

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The Spiritual Revolution 213 prayer, and all those who were Praying were crying profusely.In the month of that particular Rama da n, there used to be quite a hustle and bustle at the Ahmadiyyah Square starting at two in the morning.Most of the people were up in the homes, and many came to the Mub a rak Mosque where tahajjud Prayer was performed, meal was taken and Fajr Prayer was made in the early hours of the morning.Then the Holy Qur’an was recited for some time, and by eight the Promised Messiah as would come out for the morning walk.All of his companions ra remained in his company.These activities would go on till eleven or twelve midday.Then, the adh a n for Z uhr Prayer was called and the Z uhr Prayer was done before one in the afternoon.The ‘A s r Prayer was also made at the earliest.Thus the only spare time was between ‘A s r and Maghrib.After Maghrib Prayer and taking of the evening meal, the ‘ Ish a Prayer was done by eight or half-past eight.Afterwards there was dead silence as if no one lived there.Yet, again by 2 a.m., everyone was up and the place was bustling once again.( A sha b-e-Ahmad, vol.2, p.77, published in 1952) Hadrat Khalifatul Masih IV rta has written that Hadrat Naw a b Muhammad ‘Abdull a h Kh a n ra was in love with five daily Prayers.Especially his enthusiasm and striving for congrega- tional Prayers were of utmost prominence.He was very punc- tual in going to the mosque for five daily Prayers.Even when bed-ridden with heart-condition, he used to listen to the adh a n most lovingly as someone in love hears the voice of his beloved.When he regained some strength, he used to make some younger person lead the Prayer, so that he could fulfil his heart’s desire to make Prayer in congregation.Sometimes

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 214 he would drag his chair near the Prayer Room in the Ratan Bagh House to join in the congregational Prayer.When he shifted to his house in Model Town, he made special arrange- ments for five daily Prayers and in a way transformed the house into a mosque.He had asked for the adh a n to be called five times daily.Depending upon the weather, he would make arrangement for the prayer sheets to be spread either outside on the grassy lawn, or inside the house.Most of the time, he would be the first to come in and wait for the other worship- pers.To allow all kinds of persons in one’s house for five times every day in not an ordinary virtue.This virtue becomes all the more significant when the owner of the house has a high standard of living and the circle of his social contacts is vast.( A sha b-e-Ahmad, vol.12, pp.152–153, published in 1965) The Promised Messiah as says about the assiduousness of Sheikh Ha mid ‘Al i ra with regards to the five daily Prayers: Sheikh Ha mid ‘Al i (whom I love for Allah the Almighty’s sake) is a pious young man belonging to a pious family.He has been in my service for seven or eight years approximately.I know full well that he is sincere and loves me.To grasp the subtleties of righteousness is a task for those endowed with deeper knowledge and piety, but as far as he can make it out, he tries his best to follow the sunnah and remain busy in following the path of righteousness.I have seen him when he was very sick, almost dying, debilitated like a dead body and yet he remained very regular in observing the five daily Prayers.He would offer his Prayer even in the most critical condition.I know that it is enough to see how one is so dili- gent in observing his Prayers to judge one’s uprightness and

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The Spiritual Revolution 215 fear of God.I am certain that a person who observes his prayers most conscientiously—and the state of fear, or illness, or disturbance does not stop him—he without any doubt has true faith in God.But this faith is granted only to the poor; there are only a few rich who receive this blessing.( Iz a la-e- ’Auh a m , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.3, p.540) About the condition that one shall regularly offer the five daily prayers in accordance with the commandments of God and His Messenger sa , one revered elder, Maulav i Fa d l Il a h i narrates the example of Hadrat Mirz a Ayy u b Beig: The Promised Messiah as had great love for Hadrat Mirz a Ayy u b Beig ra.One day I performed my Maghrib Prayer at Mirz a Ayy u b Beig’s ra house.Hadrat Muft i Muhammad Sa diq ra was also there.Hadrat Mirz a Ayy u b Beig’s ra Prayer was a true exemplification of: Prayer is a believer’s ascension to Heaven.When he prayed, he was completely cut off from worldly thoughts and his eyes shed tears.On that day, he made the prayer exceptionally long.After the prayer, when all sat together, Mirz a Sahib was asked the reason for making the prayer so long.Initially he was reluctant to say anything, but when asked persistently, he explained that whilst saying dur u d [invoking blessing upon the Holy Prophet sa ] he saw a vision that the Holy Prophet was walking to and fro on a platform, making supplication to God.Mirz a Sahib even explained the Arabic words and their translation.The meaning was that God may save his ummah from abasement and provide them safety

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 216 and success.Mirz a Sahib said that he kept saying a m i n on hearing the supplication.Then he saw the Promised Messiah as , supplicating that O God, accept all the prayers of the Holy Prophet sa and save His ummah from the abyss of disgrace! Thus, when the Promised Messiah as completed his supplica- tion, Mirz a Sahib finished his prayer as well.( A sha b-e-Ahmad, vol.1, pp.194–195, published in 1997) This is the revolution.He had a vision [of the Holy Prophet sa ] while fully awake.What was the effect of bai‘at on Hadrat Mirz a Ya‘q u b Beig ra and Mirz a Ayy u b Beig ra ? They themselves narrate that their father told one of his friends: ‘When those two sons of mine came home to spend their summer vacations in 1892 and 1893, I was amazed at finding such a tremendous change in their personalities.I used to say in utter amazement to God what had transpired, what factors He bestowed on them to bring such a change that they had become light upon light! They offer all their Prayers on time in complete humility, with enthusiasm and love.During their prayers, their hearts melt and they weep and at times cry out loud.Most often I would find their faces wet with tears showing the signs of fear of God.Both the boys were very young at that time.Their beards had just started growing.Looking at the transforma- tion, I used to express my unceasing gratitude to Allah the Almighty.All the previous worries that I had concerning their spiritual weaknesses were gone.’ They further state that their father told his friend: ‘The secret of that great transformation was not known to me.I was not sure where they got that kind of grace and spiritual blessing being so young.’ Later, after

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The Spiritual Revolution 217 some time had elapsed, it was discovered that they had received this righteousness by entering into the bai‘at of the Promised Messiah as.That discovery became one of the major reasons for him to also enter into the bai‘at of the Promised Messiah as.(That is, the spiritual change in the children led the father to become Ahmad i.) This gave him a good opportunity to recognise the purity and elevated soul of the Promised Messiah as.( A sha b-e-Ahmad, vol.1, p.186, published in 1997) The model of Hadrat Chaudhry Na s rull a h Kh a n ra , father of Chaudhry Z afrull a h Kh a n ra , is presented by one of his sons as follows: From the very childhood I had the impression that my father ( Hadrat Chaudhry Na s rull a h Kh a n ra ) was very regular in offering his Prayers and he did so with great care.He was also assiduous in making tahajjud.I often envision my father either offering Prayers or reciting the Holy Qur’an.After entering into bai‘at , he used to offer the Fajr Prayer in congregation at a mosque that was at a distance from our house.So we used to leave home when it was very dark.( A sha b-e-Ahmad, vol.11, p.163, published in 1962) Again, concerning the observation of prayers without fail, I give you the example of B a b u Faq i r ‘Al i ra.He always acted upon the proverb: Heart be with the friend, hand be in work.M.Bash i r Ahmad narrates that at the time when people were much intimidated by the British rulers, the British officers of B a b u Faq i r ‘A li ra used to tell him, Maulav i Sahib, one day you will cause an accident.You are always busy in offering your Prayers.He got very annoyed with these remarks.One day he

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 218 closed the door and the window (of the office) and went up to the British officer who was alarmed, perhaps thinking he was going to be attacked.He assured the officer that he had no such intentions, that he only wanted to speak with him in private.B a b u Sahib told the officer that he himself took his time going to the bathroom, smoking cigarettes or drinking tea, why did he object to him making his Prayers? The officer replied that the things that he did were natural urges.He responded by saying that he was subordinate to him and would obey him, but only in matters that were his official duties, and he was not obliged to obey him in other matters.Therefore, he could not stop offering his Prayers.If any acci- dent happened due to his negligence or a train was delayed then he should not hesitate to deal with him harshly.After saying that, he opened up the window and the door.The British officer was awe-stricken by this experience.After that, whenever B a b u Faq i r ‘Al i was ready to make his ablution, he used to tell him, Maulav i Sahib, take your time and make your Prayer; I will take care of your work.On another occasion, the officer was much surprised to see how meagerly he ate and was much affected by that as well.( A sha b-e-Ahmad, vol.3, p.61, revised edition published in Qadian, India) Here in England, when an old Ahmad i Bil a l Daniel Hawker Nuttal accepted Ahmadiyyat, he chose for himself the name Bil a l.Then, following in the footsteps of Hadrat Bil a l ra , he became famous for calling adh a n.He really had a great desire to call others to Prayer.(Summarized from Monthly An sa rull a h, June 1965, p.36)

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The Spiritual Revolution 219 Suppressing the Impulses of Passion Another condition is to suppress the impulses of passion.Here are some instances.In a meeting with Hindus a dispute erupted and the Jam a ‘at showed a great sense of restraint.Appreciating this good quality of his community, the Promised Messiah as says: If the good-natured Muslims were not mindful of their high moral standards, and had they not shown patience and suppressed their anger in accordance with the Qur’anic teachings, there would have been great bloodshed at the meeting because of the trouble instigated by the people who had come with evil intentions.Our Community deserves a thousand praises because they demonstrated an excellent example of patience and restraint.They remained silent on hearing the abusive words which were worse than the bullets of the enemy.( Chashma-e-Ma‘rifat, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.23, p.10) Again, he says: If I had not advised my community to show patience, and had not prepared my community in a way that they could always show patience in response to abuse, then the grounds of the meeting would have been filled with blood! But it was the teaching of patience that held their tempers in check.( Chashma-e-Ma‘rifat, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.23, p.8.) Another instance of suppression of the passions is that of Hadrat Sayyed ‘Abdus Satt a r Sh a h ra.What a phenomenal example this is.It is stated:

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 220 One day Hadrat Sh a h Sahib ra went to a nearby mosque for prayers.At the same time there was a bitter enemy of Ahmadiyyat—Chaudhry Ra hi m Bakhsh—getting ready for ablution with a pitcher in his hand.Upon seeing Hadrat Doctor Sahib (who was a government doctor and was stationed at a government hospital), he started engaging him in religious discussion.Annoyed with the argument that Hadrat Sh a h Sahib ra presented, Ra hi m Bakhsh hit him in the forehead with the pitcher.The pitcher shattered into pieces as it hit the forehead.The bone in the forehead was fractured and blood started oozing out.Doctor Sahib’s clothes were drenched in blood.He covered the wound with his hand and immediately went to the hospital for treatment.Chaudhry Ra hi m Bakhsh was concerned, wondering what would happen to him.Knowing that Hadrat Satt a r Sh a h ra was a government doctor, he thought that the officials would prob- ably lend credence to Doctor Sahib and he would be in trouble.He did not know what to do and where to hide! With these fearful thoughts, he stayed hidden (in the mosque).On the other hand, Doctor Sahib treated his wounded fore- head, applied the medication, changed his blood-soaked clothes, and came back to the same mosque to observe his prayer.On entering the mosque, Doctor ‘Abdus Satt a r Sh a h ra saw Chaudhry Ra hi m Bakhsh Sahib, and asked him with a simile: ‘Chaudhry Ra hi m Bakhsh, have you cooled down or not?’ On hearing this, Chaudhry Ra hi m Bakhsh was greatly affected and grasping his hands, begged his forgiveness, and said: ‘Sh a h Sahib, please write a letter for my bai‘at.’ This kind of high moral standard of patience, kindness and forgive- ness cannot be shown by anyone other than members of a

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The Spiritual Revolution 221 godly community.Thus, Chaudhry Sahib became an Ahmad i , and after a few days other members of his family also joined the Community.( Hadrat Doctor ‘Abdus Satt a r Sh a h Sahib, Compiled by Ahmad Ta hir Mirz a , p.63, Majlis Khuddam-ul-Ahmadiyyah, Pakistan) So, these are a few examples I have presented to you that are related to the first three or four conditions of bai‘at.Insh a ’Allah , I will try to present a few more instances showing the revolutionary changes people went through after making bai‘at, so that the members and the new generations may also know and, try to bring similar pure changes within them, and may they never be in fear of Dajj a l , the great deceiver.A m i n!

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 [From the Friday sermon delivered at the Bait-ul-Fut uh Mosque, Morden, United Kingdom, on October 10, 2003] Fidelity with Allah the Almighty in All Conditions of Hardships and Comfort In the Friday sermon before last I was speaking on the changes that transpired among Ahmad i s once they joined the Community of the Promised Messiah as having promised to act upon the ten conditions of bai‘at.I had presented some inci- dents and now I shall take the subject further.In the fifth condition, the Promised Messiah as took the pledge that: Even if you are faced with hardship, adversity, trouble, problems, ignominy and humiliation, never find fault with Allah the Almighty.Indeed, continue to seek His grace with the undertaking that you would always remain pleased with the will of Allah the Almighty.I shall present some prac- tical examples of this.First and foremost is the example of Hadrat Khalifatul Masih I ra.In August 1905 his son ‘Abdul Qayy u m passed away after suffering from measles for a few days.He was about

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 224 two years old.The model of Ha d rat Khalifatul Masih I ra was in accordance with the sunnah of the Prophet sa.He first kissed the child at which his eyes were filled with tears, and then he said: I uncovered the child’s face not because I was anxious, but to follow the sunnah.When the Holy Prophet’s sa son Ibr a h i m ra passed away, the Holy Prophet sa had kissed his face and he was tearful.He glorified Allah the Almighty and said: ‘Though separation is hard to bear even for a short while, nevertheless, I am content at the will of Allah the Almighty.’ To fulfill this sunnah I uncovered his face and kissed him.It is Allah the Almighty’s grace and a reason to be happy that a chance to fulfill a sunnah was granted to me.This is the action of the person about whom the Promised Messiah as said: How wonderful it would be if everyone in my Community was N u r-ud-D i n However, this can only happen if each heart is filled with the light of faith.Another example is of Ha d rat Chaudhry Na s rull a h Kh a n ra.Chaudhry Z afrull a h Kh a n ra writes: We had a brother whose name was H am i du ll a h Kh a n, who was younger than dear Chaudhry Shukru ll a h Kh a n (deceased) and older than Chaudhry ‘Abdul l a h Kh a n (deceased).He passed away at the age of about nine years after a few day’s

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The Spiritual Revolution 225 illness.His death took place at the time of Fajr.My father had been up all night looking after him.After his death, he made arrangements for his burial and other related matters.After having finished with these, he went to work as usual at the time of the courts opening.Neither his clients nor the court officers and his colleagues came to know that he had come to work after having buried his beloved child, content and pleased with the will of his Lord.( A sha b-e-Ahmad, vol.11, pp.165–166, published in 1962) Hadrat Q adi D i a’ -ud-D i n ra writes: On the death of my wife and three children, the uproar of the opponents increased.They left no stone un-turned to humiliate me and to hurt me financially in every way.I had also suffered a burglary at home.Considering all these trou- bles gives a good picture of the extent of anguish and distress I was going through.All these divinely destined trials and tribulations came to pass about which the Promised Messiah as had already foretold.During this testing time the Promised Messiah as graciously wrote a comforting letter of condolence.This too consisted of a prophecy which was fulfiled and is being fulfiled.He wrote that: ‘Indeed you are going through a severe tribulation.It is the way of Allah the Almighty by which he brings to light the steadfastness of His faithful servants to people, and grants great rewards for being patient.Allah the Almighty would release you of all those troubles and the enemy would be humiliated.Just as Allah the Almighty saved the sinking vessel of the Companions ra of the Holy Prophet sa , the same will happen now.Their mischief will backfire.’ All praise belongs to Allah the

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 226 Almighty, with H u du r’s prayer that is exactly how it came to pass.This humble person continued to grow in patience and steadfastness under all circumstances.( A sha b-e-Ahmad, vol.6, pp.12–13) Model of Hadrat Maulav i Burh a n-ud-D i n ra [ as narrated by his son ] When the Promised Messiah as arrived Sialkot in the early days, he was traveling with some friends to deliver his lecture.While he was passing through a street someone threw a basketful of ashes from a roof top.With the grace of Allah the Almighty, H u du r as was saved as he had passed through.The ashes fell on the head of my father.As a consequence, the old, grey haired man became a spectacle for people.As he passion- ately loved Hadrat Sahib, he stood right there in ecstasy and most cheerfully started saying, ‘Come on woman, throw some more!’ He used to say that it was a favour of Allah the Almighty that because of Hadrat Sahib as he had received the blessing.After Hadrat Sahib’s as departure from Sialkot, the khuddam were returning to their homes after seeing him off at the train station.Somehow he (Maulav i Burh a n-ud-D i n ra ) was left behind and the opponents caught him and deeply humil- iated him, so much so that they stuffed cow-dung in his mouth.However, he felt honour in this humiliation, and pleasure in this pain and would repeatedly say, ‘O Burh a n, how did you deserve these blessings!’ That is to say, these blessings do not easily come by; rarely is one victimised for the sake of faith, that it is good fortune to suffer in that

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The Spiritual Revolution 227 manner! ( Monthly An sa rull a h, Rabwah, September 1977, pp.14–15) Hadrat Maulav i ‘Abdul Mughn i writes further about his father Hadrat Maulav i Burh a n-ud-D i n ra : After accepting Ahmadiyyat the financial situation was such that for months during this lean period the family did not even set eyes on ghee [clarified butter].Instead of buying fuel, dry tree leaves were used to lit a fire.However, dry leaves do not cook a meal, so the d a l [pulses] was first dry roasted in the house and then ground.Water was put in a pot with salt and chilies and the leaves burnt underneath.When the water boiled the dry-roasted and ground d a l was added.This would be our meal eaten with bread.Usually it would be millet or corn bread and occasionally wheat bread.Instead of ghee , sesame oil was used.In place of spinach, young shoots of tree were cooked.His clothes would be of the old time farmers, and not of the maulav i s.He adds: On meeting with the Promised Messiah ra he developed a passionate love, affection, enthusiasm and fervour for him and it was due to this passionate love and obsession that he absolutely did not care for his own food and comfort.He was obsessed to pass on the spark of the passionate love that he felt in his heart for God, the Holy Prophet sa and the Promised Messiah as , to others.At all times he would be thinking with enthusiasm, passion, concern and anxiety on how to spread the message of Ahmadiyyat.He did not care for food, water or clothes! Allah the Almighty alone knows

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 228 how my mother and I survived those days.Despite the severe hardship, adversity and deprivation, he was a rock of self- respect, patience and resolve.His sense of honour in matters of religion was such that no enticement, friendship or rela- tion could come in his way.All praise belongs to Allah the Almighty! We were thus brought up in an environment that this world means nothing to us.Seeing this content and self- sufficiency, people eventually started saying that Mirz a Sahib gives Maulav i Sahib a stipend.( Monthly An sa rull a h, Rabwah, September 1977, pp.11–12) An Unparalleled Example of Patience The exemplary patience of Hadrat Umm-ul-Mo’min i n ra [wife of the Promised Messiah as ] is matchless.During the last moments of the life of the Promised Messiah as , unlike worldly women who scream, lament and utter words of impatience, Hadrat Umm-ul-Mo’mininra demonstrated a pure example of supplicating to Allah the Almighty alone and prostrating before Him with absolute humility.When during the last moments s u rah Y a s i n was recited and the pure and blessed spirit of the Promised Messiah as departed from this world and met its Beloved Maker, Hadrat Umm-ul- Mo’min i n ra simply said: 102 102.To Allah we belong and to Him shall we return.

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The Spiritual Revolution 229 and was silent without crying or wailing.Indoors, some ladies started crying.She told them off firmly that the deceased was her husband and she did not cry, then who were they to cry! This pure model of patience and resolve of a lady, who was nurtured in elegance and had just lost a husband who was a spiritual king and who cared deeply for her, was a tremendous miracle.( T a r i kh-e-Ahmadiyyat, vol.6, p.547, new edition) She also counseled her children not to think that their father had not left them anything, rather he had left them a great treasure of prayers which would continue to benefit them at the right time.Staying Away from Bad Customs The Promised Messiah as wished that everyone who joined his Community should act upon the commandments of the Holy Qur’an or at least tried to act upon them.His follower was one who fully believed in the Qur’an.The Promised Messiah as said that if one disobeyed even one commandment, such a person had no connection with him.It was his wish that those who believe in him should rise above the worldly customs and thus guard themselves from the greed and frivo- lous customs of this world; that they would strive only to do what Allah the Almighty and His Prophet sa have enjoined.Indeed, the Prophet of God has only commanded what is God’s commandment in the Holy Qur’an.This is the reason when someone asked Hadrat ‘ A ishah ra about the noble char- acter of the Holy Prophet sa , she had replied, ‘Do you not read

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 230 the Qur’an? The characteristics that are mentioned in the Qur’an are the very character of the Holy Prophet sa.’ This is why the Promised Messiah as said that he followed his master and patron and declared each commandment of the Holy Qur’an to be his way of life.If others too complied with this, only then they would be counted in his Community.Once they made the bai‘at , the members of his Community too demonstrated such models.First of all I wish to present the model of an Ahmad i lady, the mother of Hadrat Chaudhry Z afrull a h Kh a n ra.This inci- dent demonstrates how much she disliked innovative customs.The incident took place at the time of the wedding of Chaudhry Bash i r Ahmad, her nephew.Chaudhry Bash i r Ahmad states that after the nik ah ceremony he was called into the ladies quarters.He noticed that two seats had been arranged facing each other, as is the custom in villages and he was expected to sit on one seat and the bride was to be seated on the other, and certain customs were to be carried out.He says: I felt nervous but then decided that it would not be proper at this time to argue with ladies at the time.So I sat on the seat designated for me and stretched my hand towards the things arranged for the customs.Immediately, my aunt, that is Chaudhry Z afrull a h Kh a n Sahib’s ra mother, held my wrist with force and pushed my hand away and said, ‘Son, this is shirk (associating partners with Allah the Almighty).’ This gave me courage as well and I pushed those things away with my hand, stood up and said: ‘I will not participate in those customs.’ That is how I freed myself.

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The Spiritual Revolution 231 Today also our ladies should be mindful of these things.They should not blindly follow the regional or national customs.If they notice that a custom contains even a hint of shirk, they should eschew it.May Allah the Almighty grant all Ahmad i women this zeal in morally training themselves as well as their children! In our countries, Pakistan and India, Muslims follow the custom of not giving their daughters their due inherit- ance.Let alone what is due, they give nothing at all to their daughters, in particular in villages and among the farmers.An example to follow is that of Hadrat Chaudhry Na s rull a h Kh a n ra.His son writes, Our father gave our sister a lot of dowry at the time of her wedding as it was the custom.In his will he stated that his estate be distributed according to the Islamic shari‘ah among the sons and the daughters both.At the time of his death, his daughter got her inheritance according to shar i ‘ah.Unparalleled Examples of Obedience Evil Effects of Smoking This is an incident I like to relate: When the Promised Messiah as went to Jalandhar in 1892, he resided on the upper floor of a house.A maid placed a h u qq ah [hubble bubble] in the house and left to do something else.Accidentally some ashes from the h u qq ah fell and burned some parts of the floor.The fire was noticed and extinguished after the prayer service was concluded.At that time H u du r expressed his displeasure and dislike for those who smok the h u qq ah.The Ahmad i s who were downstairs came to know about this.Many of them

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 232 smoked the h u qq ah and their h u qq ah s were in the building at the time.When they heard about H u du r’s displeasure they all broke their h u qq ahs immediately and gave up smoking.Within a few days, when members of the Community came to know that H u du r disliked the h u qq ah , many courageous Ahmad i s stopped smoking it.( A sha b-e-Ahmad, vol.10, pp.157–158, published in 1985) Mirz a Ahmad Beig of S a h i w a l narrates that Hadrat Mu s le h - e-Mau ‘u d ra once said to my uncle Mirza Ghulamull a h, ‘Mirz a Sahib, encourage your friends to give up h u qq ah.’ Uncle, who himself used to smoke h u qq ah , said ‘Very well, H u du r.’ He went home and broke his h u qq ah that stood by the wall.My aunt thought that he was upset because the h u qq ah had been left in the sun, but when my uncle did not say anything to anyone, and then my aunt asked him why had he taken his anger out on the h u qq ah? He replied: ‘ Hadrat Sahib had asked me to discourage others from smoking h u qq ah ; but as I myself smoked it, therefore I had first broken my own h u qq ah.’ As long as he lived he did not smoke h u qq ah again; and kept on dissuading others from smoking it.( Saw a ne h -e-Fa d l-e-‘Umar, vol.2, p.34) These days the same bad habit of h u qq ah is prevalent in the form of cigarette smoking.Cigarette smokers should try and give up this habit.At young age the malady of cigarette smoking leads on to many other forms of smoking in which narcotics are used.This is a step towards ruining young lives.It is web weaned by Dajj a l.Unfortunately Muslims countries are also involved in the drug abuse.Anyway, our young men should try to give up cigarette smoking.

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The Spiritual Revolution 233 Lottery is Not Permissible Hadrat Munsh i Barkat ‘Al i Kh a n ra , a Companion of the Promised Messiah as , was employed at Simla.Before becoming an Ahmad i , he had bought a lottery ticket which later won him a sum of rup ee s seven and a half thousand.When he asked H u du r about it H u du r deemed it gambling and said: ‘Do not spend a penny of it on yourself.’ Munsh i Sahib gave away all the money to the needy and the disadvantaged.(Summarized from A sha b-e-Ahmad, vol.3, p.33, published in 1957) These days it is customary in Europe and the West to play the lottery.The prize money for those who play and win is certainly not permissible, in fact it is h ar a m in the same sense as the money from gambling is h ar a m.In the first place it should not be played, and if by mistake it is done, then the prize money should never be spent on oneself.An incident relates to your own country England regarding Bash i r Orchard who accepted Ahmadiyyat and brought on many changes in himself and later devoted his life.He accepted Ahmadiyyat in 1944 and took some religious educa- tion in Qadian for a while and as I said, devoted his life.After that a most magnificent revolution came in his life.His worship and prayer got extremely fervent.His first visit to Qadian bore the first fruit for him in quitting alcohol.Though he was a heavy drinker, he promptly gave up drinking.He repented from alcohol and from gambling and gave them up forever.(Summarized from Al-Fa d l, January 10, 1978, ‘A zi m Zindag i , p.3)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 234 Prohibition of Alcohol Until a few years ago, some A h amd i s in UK, Germany and other countries had businesses (for example, restaurants and hotels) where alcohol was sold.According to the h ad i th, one who brews alcohol, serves it, sells it, or stores it are all hell- bound.This is the reason Hadrat Khalifatul Masih IV rta demanded that Ahmad i s involved in such businesses should promptly discontinue it, otherwise strict action would be taken against them.H u du r himself said that with Allah the Almighty’s grace a huge number gave this trade up.Allah the Almighty granted some of these much better businesses very soon.Some were put through difficulty and were unable to do any business for a long period, yet they were strong in their resolve and did not again get involved in this immoral business.Love of the Holy Qur’an Mi a n Muhammad Aslam from Amritsar, a non-Ahmad i , came to Qadian in 1913.He writes about Hadrat Khalifatul Masih I ra : Maulav i N u r-ud-D i n ra is currently the sole leader of the Ahmad i Community being the Khalifah of Mirz a Sahib.I have the experience of sitting for two days in his instructional meetings where he preached and gave lessons of the Holy Qur’an.Reflecting over his work, I have found him of extremely pure nature who works solely and sincerely for the sake of Allah the Almighty.This is because Maulav i Sahib’s conduct is totally free of pretence and hypocrisy, and his heart

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The Spiritual Revolution 235 is filled with a great love for the truth of Islam.This exudes from his sincere heart like crystal clear bubbling spring water, the source being his full cognizance of the Unity of God.This manifests itself through the commentary of the verses of the Holy Qur’an that he makes for the beneficence of those who are intensely eager for spiritual discernment.If the true Islam is the Holy Qur’an, then I have not seen the kind of love for the Holy Qur’an in any other person as I have seen it in the Maulav i Sahib.It is not as if he is compelled to do so by way of keeping up tradition.No, not at all! He is rather a tremen- dously philosophical person who has fallen in love with the Holy Qur’an through incredible rational critique.I listened to his lessons of the Qur’an, and the amazing philosophical commentary of the Holy Qur’an that he makes; there are hardly a handful of people in the world today who would have the ability to match it.( Badr, March 31, 1913, H ay a t-e-N u r, pp.611–612) There is a will that Dr.‘Abdus Satt a r Sh a h ra left for his chil- dren.He said: Make the Holy Qur’an your modus operandi.Be ever engaged in obediently following the sunnah of the Prophet sa , and remain ever-ready to help promote the Ahmadiyyah Move- ment and to propagate Islam.Prepare your next generations to abide by for these matters as well.( Hadrat Doctor Sayyed ‘Abdus Satt a r Sh a h Sahib, p.193) Each Ahmad i should keep this counsel in mind at all times.Hadrat Mirz a ‘Abdul H aq writes about Hadrat Maul ana Bakhsh ra :

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 236 He had a special passion for the Holy Qur’an.Despite ill health and weakness, he was always determined to listen to the discourses of the knowledge and the verities of the Holy Qur’an, so that he could gain the knowledge and the truths.During one period, for many months during the winter he would come from D a r-ul-Fa d l neighborhood to D a r-ur- Ra h mat for the morning Salat only because Maul a n a Ghul a m Ras u l Rajek i ra gave lesson of the Holy Qur’an in that mosque.During Rama da n-ul-Mub a rak he would be assiduous in attending the lessons in Aq sa Mosque….He would read the Holy Qur’an profusely and thoughtfully.Wherever he derived benefit from it he would share it with others.It is said that in his last years he would read the Qur’an several times a day with a notebook and pen besides him.Each time he deci- phered the finer points of a verse, he would note it and would read it to his family later on.Mirz a Sahib adds: [When he would be reading to his family,] it seemed from his facial expressions that it was his heartfelt wish that his children should passionately love the Holy Qur’an.( A sha b-e-Ahmad, vol.1, pp.151–152, published in 1951) When a young Gambian Christian accepted Ahmadiyyat, his mother opposed him vigorously.At first he tolerated it but when she started insulting the Holy Qur’an he left home and did not return.( D am i mah Monthly An sa rull a h, September 1987, p.6) In the distant countries of Africa, such miracles are taking place to this day as well.

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The Spiritual Revolution 237 Islam permits four marriages, which some take as a commandment.Anyway, the permission is there.It is a tradi- tion in Africa in certain tribes where a man has high standing or wealth or is a chief that he marries more than four and up to nine to ten women.When ‘Al i Roger of Sierra Leone accepted Ahmadiyyat he was a young man and had twelve wives.The missionary of the Community, Maul a n a Naz i r Ahmad ‘Al i, told him that now that he was an Ahmad i , according to Qur’anic teaching he could keep only four wives.He would have to divorce and send off the rest with livelihood maintenance.Not only did he promptly act on this instruction, but on his suggestion he kept the first four wives and let the younger ones go.This change was revolutionary.Another missionary, Y u nus Kh a lid, writes: V.V.Kahlo accepted Ahmadiyyat as a result of a vision at the time of Maul a n a Muhammad S idd i q Amritsar i.Later he also served as the Am i r of Ahmadiyyah Community in Sierra Leone.Before accepting Ahmadiyyat he had a totally liberal lifestyle, so liberal that by profession he was a dancer.However, soon after bai‘at he brought about changes in himself and made a reputation in taqw a (righteousness) and purity, worship, fear of Allah the Almighty and honesty.Allah the Almighty conferred great successes on him.He was also the paramount Chief of his area — an area where large diamond mines were located.The Chiefs in those area wield great power.If he wanted he could have taken advantage making huge amounts of money.However, due to the beau- tiful and pure teachings of Ahmadiyyat, he considered such wealth h ar a m (forbidden) for himself and lived a simple life.It

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 238 was also well known in the higher ranks that Mr.Kahlo was an extremely honest paramount Chief; neither would he take bribe nor he would permit his staff to do so.When he fell ill I went to visit him one day.He called me and said: ‘Y u nus, I constantly see kalimah written in green letters in front of me, what is the reason for this?’ I replied: ‘Chief, this is the outcome of your fervent love of Allah the Almighty and for the Holy Prophet sa.’ I continued to visit him for two months and he repeatedly said that he constantly had the kalimah in green letters in front of his eyes.When he was admitted to the hospital and was breathing his last, an Ahmad i friend Mr.Koj i held him by the arm and said Chief, say: 103 which he repeated.Next Mr.Koj i said: 104 which he also repeated and right then he breathed his last.Meekness and Humility The seventh condition of bai‘at also entails that one would adopt humbleness, cheerfulness and meekness, etc.Those who believe in the Prophets are predominantly those who are mild-mannered.Even if they are not so well-off financially, they possess greater capacity than the affluent to spend their wealth.In fact they do not shy away even if they have to sacri- 103.There is none worthy of worship except Allah.104.Muhammad sa is His messenger.

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The Spiritual Revolution 239 fice their lives.They never boast or convey arrogance and haughtiness.They are most humble and meek to one and all and establish high standards of humility and modesty.The essence of success of the divinely raised communities is that the more the humble and meek people demonstrate excellent examples of submission, the greater is the pace of their progress.As I said earlier such are the people who believe in Prophets.When such hearts come in contact with Prophets they are polished even more.If those who are humble have to give up their place for others, and to sit in an inferior place, they would prefer it.However, the ones who are divinely appointed have the insight to identify them.To reward such humbleness and in order to educate their community that among them the meek and the humble have the greatest status, they remove such people from the lowly place and give them the honour to sit next to them and at meal times they ask them over and offer them food from their own plates.Prophets value them in this way because it is due to their humbleness that they come into faith quickly and completely adhere to the religious teachings.The Promised Messiah as said: The poor are not arrogant and accept the truth with complete humility.I tell you the truth there are very few among the wealthy who could acquire even a little of the grace that the poor acquire perfectly.( Iz a la-e-’Auh a m , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.3, p.537) This is the reason why he declared humility a condition to join the Community, so that one could properly understand

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 240 religion and act on it.How did these changes come about, I shall now present some examples.Hadrat Sayyed Sarwar Sh a h ra was an excellent scholar who belonged to a well-to-do family.In spite of this, his purity, humility and simplicity were exemplary.As soon as he associ- ated with the Promised Messiah as and took on his obedience, he eradicated all worldly desires from his heart.During his employment at Madrassah Ahmadiyyah he spent the entire tenure in a small house which in fact was not even worthy of a peon to live.Once he had forsaken the entire world in submission to the cause of the Promised Messiah as , the ques- tion of material comforts simply did not arise.( A sha b-e- Ahmad, vol.5, part III, p.9, published in 1964) Here is another example of humility, and it is that of Ha d rat Maulav i Burh a n-ud-D i n ra.Once he came to see H u du r and God knows what thoughts came to his mind that he started weeping.H u du r asked him most affectionately if all was well.He replied (detailing the various saints and holy men he had been to in his search): ‘I first became a Koth i (belonged to Kothay Wal a P i r), then a Baol i (associated with B a ol i Sahib), then a Ghazn i (becoming a follower of Maulav i ‘Abdull a h Ghaznav i ), and now a Mirza i.However, the pity is that I have reached his old-age, but still I feel that I am an ignoramus.’ (This was his humility).On hearing this, H u du r was most affectionate, and consoling Maulav i Sahib, said: ‘Maulav i Sahib do not be so perturbed; you have reached your destiny.Now there is no need to worry.’ This eventually calmed him down.( Monthly An sa rull a h, Rabwah, September 1977, p.14)

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The Spiritual Revolution 241 The Promised Messiah as writes: Sayyed Fa d l Sh a h of Lahore (whom I love for the sake of Allah the Almighty) originally from the state of Jammu, is extremely pure-hearted and is full of love and sincerity.He possesses the light of perfect faith and is ever-ready to offer his life and wealth.This is so because he is respectful and trusting in good faith in a wonderfully humble way.From the depth of his heart he has a true, pure and perfect faith in this humble one and maintains association and love with me for the sake of Allah the Almighty to a high degree.Attribute of sincerity and loyalty is most clearly prominent in him.His brother N as ir Sh a h also has a connection through bai‘at with this humble one, and his uncle Munsh i Karam Il a h i too is a sincere friend of my humble being.( Iz a la-e- ’Auh a m , p.798, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.3, p.532) The Promised Messiah as also writes: Munsh i Rustam ‘Al i , Deputy Inspector Railway Police (whom I love for the sake of Allah the Almighty) is a righ- teous young man who is most sincere and is my friend of the first order.[In our countries the police department is most notorious, and this is appreciated when viewed with this background.] His very face exhibits signs of humility, selfless- ness and sincerity.I have never seen this friend shaken at the time of any tribulation.From the day that he has been inclined to me with sincerity, there has been no decline and reserve in this sincerity, rather it is growing day by day.[That is, its growth is towards advancement.] ( Iz a la-e-’Auh a m , pp.806–807, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.3, p.536)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 242 Staying Away from Arrogance The condition of bai‘at also include that one would stay away from arrogance.I shall give the example of Sayyed Sarwar Sh a h ra in this regard: Despite having a very high status in religious scholarship and academia, unlike the so-called ‘ulem a of this day and age, his temperament was so simple and humble that if at any time a small child wished to talk to him, he could do so without any hesitation.He would listen most affectionately and would respond in a very pleasing manner.[Maulav i Muhammad H af i z Baq a pur i relates an incident from his childhood.] One of his close relatives had a newborn baby.When the news came through letter he decided to ask Maulav i Sahib for a name for the baby.He was perhaps going to or coming back from Aq sa Mosque for dars of the Holy Qur’an.He went towards him; he stopped as he saw him coming towards him and was most affectionate and courteous, and on his request suggested a name for the newborn and prayed for the baby.( A sha b-e-Ahmad, vol.5, part III, p.35) I shall now relate an incident of Hadrat Maulav i Burh a n-ud- D i n ra in this regard.It is already clear from earlier examples that he had no ostentation, formality, or pretense.Further- more he had absolutely no scholarly airs and vanity, despite the fact that he was an unequalled scholar.During his stay in Qadian if someone addressed him as Maulav i Sahib he would promptly ask them not to call him Maulav i , saying: ‘I only just started learning the ABC from Mirz a Sahib’ [the Promised

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The Spiritual Revolution 243 Messiah as ].( Monthly An sa rull a h, Rabwah, September 1977, p.12) A model of meekness and humility that is greater than all other models.The Promised Messiah (on whom be peace) writes about Hadrat Sahibz a dah Sayyed ‘Abdul-La ti f Shah i d ra : [He] had reached a degree of humility and selflessness that cannot be reached until one is totally absorbed in Allah the Almighty.Each person is somehow or the other affected by fame and knowledge and begins to indulge in self-conceit and that very knowledge and fame prevents him from attaining the truth.However, this person was so selfless that inspite of being a paragon of merits and excellences, his knowledge, and lineage could never prevent him from accepting the truth.Eventually he sacrificed his life for truth, and left such a model for our Community, conformity to which is the real objective of God.( Tadhkiratush-Shah a datain , p.45, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.20, p.47) Giving Precedence to Faith Over Worldly Considerations High Standards of Offering Sacrifices The eighth condition, concerning giving preference to reli- gion over worldly affairs requires, that one shall sacrifice everything—life, wealth, honour.With the grace of Allah the Almighty we see scenes of giving preference to faith over the world, in the Ahmadiyyah Community.Mothers are offering their children.Following in the footsteps of Hadrat Ibr a h i m as ,

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 244 fathers bring their children saying that now they belong to the Jam a ‘at and the Jam a ‘at appoint them anywhere it wishes.Children are offering themselves on their own saying that they too are ready like Hadrat Ism a‘i l as to offer their lives! Such marvelous displays existed in the past and they still exist today.I will give you an example: In 1923 when the Hindus started the Shudh i campaign (to win the Muslim converts back to Hinduism), to counter it the Ahmad i children did not remain behind the elders in offering their services.Even five years old children were ready to go to Malk a n a and vicinity.A twelve years old boy wrote to his father that to serve the true religion was not only for the grown-ups, it was also for the young ones! He asked his father to take him along when he was going for preaching, and even if he was not going, he must send him! (From T a r i kh-e-Ahmadiyyat, vol.5, p.336, published in 1964) These incidents are not merely stories of the past.As I said, even now we see such displays of sacrifices.When the W a qf i n-e-Nau children come to see me and I ask them what they would like to become on growing up, their response is that they would become whatever I tell them and let the Jam a ‘at tell them what it wants them to become! This is the enthusiasm of Ahmad i child.As long as this passion remains, (and insh a ’Allah it shall remain to the Last Day), no one can hurt the Jam a ‘at in the least! The Promised Messiah as says: Now I have a large number in my Jam a ‘at who have given preference to the religion over the world by themselves and have become dervishes [hermits].They have left their home-

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The Spiritual Revolution 245 towns, relatives and old friends and have settled in my neigh- borhood forever! ( A sha b-e-Ahmad, vol.5, p.130, published in 1964) Concerning Hadrat Maulav i H ak i m N u r-ud-D i n ra of Bhera, the Promised Messiah as says: There is no one else that I could compare with the colossal amount of financial help that he has accorded me.I have found him having a natural tendency, with a deep convic- tion of the heart, to serve most devotedly the cause of faith.Although his daily life is fully dedicated in all aspects to be a true servant of Islam and to serve the Muslims, but from among the helpers of this Movement he has proved to be of the first order.( Iz a la-e-’Auh a m , p.777, R uha n i Khaz a’ in.vol.3, p.520) He states about Hadrat Maulav i ‘Abdul Kar i m ra Si a lkot i : His life was spent coloured in innocence, and he did not adopt any of the worldly luxuries.He left his employment because it caused humiliation to the faith.A short while ago he had a job offer paying Rup ees two hundred monthly, but he flatly declined.He spent his life with humility.He only liked to read Arabic books.He spent his life defending the external and internal attacks on Islam.Despite extreme illness and weakness he continued to write.( S i rat Hadrat Maulav i ‘Abdul Kar i m ra Sahib Sialkoti , by: Ma h m u d Muj i b A s ghar, p.108) Hadrat Naw a b Muhammad ‘Al i Kh a n ra , Chief of Maler Kotlah, wrote in a letter to his brother:

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 246 I say openly that the reason for which I have taken residence in Qadian is that it has been twelve years that I did bai‘at of the Promised Messiah as , but unfortunately for eleven years I lived at home and was cut off from Qadian.I used to come here for only a few days at a time.I wasted my life remaining embroiled in worldly affairs.When at last I paused to think, I realised that my life had flown away and I had not achieved anything either of faith or of this material world.I came here [that is Qadian] with intention to stay for six months.However, when I reflected over all my affairs, even- tually my heart decreed that worldly matters can be met by following faith, but when man follows the world, he does not attain the world, and the faith is also destroyed.I deeply reflected and realised that in eleven years I did not make anything of myself and neither did my brothers.With every passing day, despite realising this hopeless situation, we are ruining our faith.Eventually, having realised that there is no end to worldly pursuits, I said farewell to Kotlah making a firm resolve to emigrate from there.All praise belongs to Allah the Almighty! I am pleased to say that I have emigrated from Kotlah.As such, according to shari‘ah , a migrant cannot return to his own country by choice, that is, he cannot make it home.He can only pay a visit while traveling.Therefore in this situation it is difficult for me to return.I am very happy and very well.How can we separate from the focus of our love and devotion?… My dear esteemed brother! I have come here for God’s sake and my friendship and love is also for God.I am away from Kotlah but the wretched state of Kotlah , deeply saddens me.May God bestow wisdom upon you, our entire family

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The Spiritual Revolution 247 and all people of Kotlah to understand that all should get engaged in the service of Islam! Our life and our death may only be for God.We become completely obedient Muslims of God.It is in our conditions of bai‘at that we should put our faith before our worldly affairs, and remain grateful and fully obedient to our benevolent government.This is what is keeping me here, and just as my faith increases, likewise this world appears insignificant to me and faith gathers promi- nence in my sight.The sense of gratefulness to God and to man also increases.Similarly, obedience and gratefulness to the government also impresses upon my heart.( A sha b-e- Ahmad, vol.2, pp.126–129, published in 1952) The Promised Messiah as , writing about H ak i m Fa d l D i n ra as regards empathy with Islam, states: My dear H ak i m Fa d l Din of Bhera (whom I love for the sake of Allah the Almighty) is from among the friends of brother Maulav i H ak i m N u r-ud-D i n and is imbued in similar moral qualities.He is a very sincere person.I know that he truly loves God and His Prophet.For this very reason, having observed this humble one serving the faith, he is honouring the condition of love for the sake of Allah the Almighty.It seems he too has the same enormous portion of the enthu- siasm to spread the truth of Islam as my dear brother Maulav i H ak i m N u r-ud-D i n is demonstrating from the very begin- ning.He gives serious considerations to the expenses of the Movement incurred for religious matters.He is ever concerned that he could make a good arrangement for finan- cial support by way of monetary contributions.( Iz a la-e- ’Auh a m , p.781, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.3, p.522)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 248 In 1923 when the Shudh i campaign was instigated, the Ahmad i murrabb i s would daily travel on foot for several miles in fierce heat.At times, let alone food they even did not have water to drink.Often they subsisted on leftovers or dry roasted chick- peas and plain water.At times they had some barley grains and they would survive on those.S u f i ‘Abdul Qad i r N i az B.A.says that they travelled approximately forty villages in the district of Mein Pur i and Mathr a.They would travel daily at the average of 16 miles.( T a r i kh-e-Ahmadiyyat, vol.5, p.343, published in 1964) A gentleman who was a great musician in USA accepted Ahmadiyyat.At that time he was fast progressing in music and becoming well-known in the entire country rather quickly.The experts could see that he was on his way to become a magnificent musician, that he would be remembered as a great musician of his time.However, when he accepted Ahmadiyyat, he neither cared for music nor craved for the wealth he could have gained through his profession.He promptly gave it all up, and started living an undemanding simple life, being very regular in tahajjud, and remembering the Holy Prophet sa with tear-filled eyes.( Monthly Kh a lid, January 1988, p.40) Hadrat Khalifatul Masih I ra writes of his pre-khil a fat days: Why have I come here? See, in Bhera I have a brick-house and here I have made mud-huts.I could find all manner of comfort there rather than here.However, I noticed that I was ailing — desperately ailing — was dependent — very dependent, and was helpless — extremely helpless.I have come here so that these afflictions may be removed.If a person comes to Qadian to see my example or to stay here

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The Spiritual Revolution 249 for a while and complain about the local people, then he is mistaken in that he considers the ailing to be healthy and thus tests them.The friendship and connection here, the coming here and leaving here, the living and residing here, all should be for L a il a h a illAll a h [There is none worthy of worship except Allah].Otherwise if you come for bread and bedding, listen! most of you have better bread at home, what is the point of coming here? You can do full justice to your pledge only if you come here solely for the sake of God.(Friday Sermon, January 22, 1904, Khutab a t-e-N u r, p.160, new edition) The Promised Messiah as writes about Hadrat Sahibz a dah Sayyed ‘Abdul-La ti f Shah i d ra : One most enviable quality that this esteemed departed soul had was that he really gave precedence to faith over worldly matters.He was in fact among the righteous who, with fear of God, take their taqwa and obedience to Allah the Almighty to its pinnacle.To please God and to seek His pleasure they are prepared to give up their life, honour and wealth as if these were all worthless.His strength of faith was so developed that if I compare him with a great big mountain, I am afraid my similitude might remain flawed.Most people despite making bai‘at and attesting to my claim still cannot completely get rid of the toxic seed of giving precedence to this world over faith, rather some residue remains in them.A latent stinginess — be it about life, be it about honour, be it about wealth, be it about moral conditions —is found in their deficient souls.This is the reason why I am always concerned about them.At the time of asking for any service for faith, I am afraid lest they

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 250 face a tribulation, that they might find the service a burden and may exit from their bai‘at.However, what words should I use to praise the esteemed departed soul who threw away his wealth, honour and life in following me as one throws away the rubbish.I notice that most people lack the faculty of persistence and they cannot adhere to truth to the end.They stumble at small tribula- tions, satanic temptation or under the influence of bad company.However, what words should I use to state the steadfastness of this esteemed departed soul, for he progressed in the light of faith with every breath! ( Tadhkiratush-Shah a - datain, p.8, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.20, p.10) The Promised Messiah as also stated: This martyr has set a model for my Community with his life and the fact of the matter is my Community was in need of a great model.There are still some among them who when they render a small service think as if they have done a huge task.Small wonder if they start considering it as a personal favour to me; whereas, it is God’s favour on them that He enabled them to serve.There are some without full zeal and sincerity, and though they claim to have firm faith and sincerity, but still they are unable to maintain it to the end.Love of this world makes them lose their faith, and cannot stand even a minor trial.Even after joining the Community established by God, their love of materialism does not go away.However, a thou- sand-fold thanks to Allah the Almighty that there are also those who believe with the sincerity of heart, and truthfully adopted this way.They are ready to bear any trouble for the cause.However, the strengths of the model that this gallant

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The Spiritual Revolution 251 man [ Sahibz a dah ‘Abdul-La ti f ra ] made so manifest, are still lying hidden in the Community.May God inculcate such faith in everyone and grant them the steadfastness of the sort as shown by this martyr.This worldly life is combined with satanic temptations and it prevents men from attaining perfec- tion.Many will join this Movement but alas, only a few will demonstrate such an example.( Tadhkiratush-Shah a datain , pp.55–56, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.20, pp.57–58) The Promised Messiah as states: The martyrdom that was in the fate of Sh a hz a dah ‘Abdul-La ti f has come to pass.Now the retribution of the oppressor remains.105 Woe! This Am i r has come under the wrath of God according to the verse: 106 This Am i r did not have an iota of fear of God.The strength of his belief of the man he martyred was such that if the entire land of Kabul is searched for his like, the search would be in vain.Such people are the utmost elixir.They sacrifice their lives with the sincerity of heart and do not have any care for the kith and kin.O ‘Abdul-La ti f! A thousand bless- ings on you that you displayed the model of your utmost sincerity in my lifetime! As for those who will be in my 105.Verily, he who comes to his Lord a sinner—for him is Hell; he shall neither die therein nor live.( Ta Ha , 20:75) 106.Whoso kills a believer intentionally.( al-Nis a’, 4:94)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 252 Community after my death, I do not know what deeds they will demonstrate.( Tadhkiratush-Shah a datain, p.58, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.20, p.60) Further he states: When I observe the steadfastness and devotion that came to pass through Sahibz a dah Maulav i Muhammad ‘Abdul-La ti f deceased, my hope for my Community increases greatly.God Who so enabled some people of the Community that let alone property, they even sacrificed their lives in its cause, it seems that the evident Will of that God is that He will create many people in this Community who will have the spirit of Sahibz a dah Maulav i ‘Abdul-La ti f and will be new saplings of his spirituality.( Tadhkiratush-Shah a datain, p.73, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.20, p.75) Exactly a hundred years ago, Hadrat Sahibz a dah ‘Abdul-La ti f Shah i d ra was martyred.O Messiah of the Latter-days! Felicitations to you that yours dear Community has fulfiled your aspirations for them; fulfiled the expectations you had of them! They did not ever shrink from sacrificing with their property, time and life.We can see the same happening even today.Such people were born in the Community after you! The Promised Messiah as was concerned what would happen after him.We bear witness that after he passed away, such people were born and are being born who did not care for worldly temptations and did not flinch from sacrificing their lives away.Fathers witnessed sons being martyred, and sons

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The Spiritual Revolution 253 were eye-witnesses to fathers being martyred but they remained unflinchingly resolute to lay down their own lives.O Holy Messiah! Felicitations to you! One from among your own progeny, your own blood, too sacrificed his life to save the Community from a great tribulation.May Allah the Almighty continue to grant higher stations in Paradise to all these martyrs.May Allah the Almighty also enable us to be among those who give precedence to faith over worldly matters.May we be ever-ready for any sacrifice and keep this passion alive in our next generations as well.May Allah the Almighty ever enable us for this.

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 [From the Friday sermon delivered at the Fa d l Mosque, London, United Kingdom, on October 17, 2003] Matchless Examples of Devotion, Loyalty and Service of Humanity In our Jam a ‘at, social service and service of the humanity is greatly stressed.Everyone, rich or poor, according to his/her capacity, seeks an occasion to perform some service to humanity for the pleasure of Allah the Almighty.Why every Ahmad i so zealous for service to humanity? The reason is the beautiful teachings of Islam that had been forgotten, that if we seek the pleasure of Allah the Almighty, we should treat humanity with beneficence and take care of its needs.This is also how we will be rewarded with the near- ness of Allah the Almighty.The Promised Messiah as has made this teaching a fundamental condition among his Ten Condi- tions of Bai‘at.After establishing a bond with him you should utilise all your powers and means for the sympathy and welfare of humanity.If need arises to help the victims of an earthquake or flood, the Ahmad i should come forward to help.On occasions the Ahmad i young men have sacrificed

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 256 their own lives in the surging waves of a flood but led the drowning to safety.When the Khalifah of the time announced that he needed a specific amount of donations to establish schools and hospitals in Africa for the education of the poor children, and to provide medical aid to the suffering humanity, the Jam a ‘at welcomed this and presented the Khalifah an amount many times larger than he asked for.The money was donated by the members of the Jam a ‘at because of their sympathy for the suffering humanity.When the Khalifah declared that the required amount was received, and he needed manpower to establish schools and hospitals, Ahmad i doctors and teachers volunteered themselves with equal zeal.The situation in Africa has now improved greatly but in the seventies when the Nu s rat Jah a n Scheme was launched, the conditions were very unfavourable.These devotees managed to live in such adverse circumstances.Many of those doctors and teachers had good jobs before they devoted their services for this purpose.In Africa, they had to live in villages.The majority of the hospitals and schools were in the villages where there was no electricity or running water.But they had to fulfil their promise to serve the suffering humanity; they did not care for any obstruction or lack of comfort.In the beginning they had to lay the patient on a wooden table and use the light of kerosene or gas lamps to operate upon him using knives, scissors and whatever instruments were available.Then they prayed, ‘O God I have treated him with whatever was available to me.My Khalifah had said to me, treat with prayer and Allah the Almighty shall grant bestow cure to your treatment! Grant him cure, O Allah the Almighty.’ Allah the

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The Spiritual Revolution 257 Almighty appreciated these doctors who had sacrificed and the world was amazed that many patients with incurable diseases got cured.God Almighty fulfiled their financial needs in this way that many rich persons preferred our small rural hospitals for treatment to the bigger hospitals in the cities.Similarly our teachers taught the children, being full of zeal to serve humanity.This tradition of service by the doctors and teachers continues even today.May Allah the Almighty grant continuity to these traditions.May He grant rewards to all those who are serving.Ahmad i Doctors Should Devote During the recent U.K.Annual Convention I appealed to the doctors to devote their services for the hospitals in Africa on temporary or permanent basis.Now with the grace of Allah the Almighty, the circumstances are much better there.The difficulties and hardships, which the earlier devotees had to face, exists no more.The things are much better in most places and all the facilities are available.If there be still some hardships, you should remember the covenant of bai‘at that: ‘merely for the sake of Allah the Almighty, I shall benefit humanity with my God given powers and faculties.’ Come forward and fulfil this promise you made with the Messiah of this time and benefit from his prayers.Similarly doctors are needed for Fa d l-e- ‘ Umar Hospital at Rabwah and they should present their services for it.Members of our Jam a ‘at in accordance with our organisa- tion give financial aid on permanent basis for the education of children and the treatment of patients in Pakistan and also in

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 258 other countries.In countries like Pakistan and India, there are many poor people; those who offer financial aid to them, benefit from the prayers of their patients.Members of our Jam a ‘at should continue this virtuous deed with greater zeal, as the suffering is also increasing rapidly.Now I want to present to you some incidents of our past elders who had great zeal for the service of fellow men.People who knew Hadrat Mirz a Ayy u b Beig ra relate: He was a living example of the h ad i th that says: ‘Like for your brother the same as you would like for yourself and do not treat your brother in a way that you would not like to be treated.’ He always sought an occasion to serve and help any brother or friend.[It is related:] During his college studies, he used to attend the lecture given by a member of our Jam a ‘at and he used to meet every Ahmad i there.If any brother was sick, he used to visit him in the home and inquire about his health.Sometimes he used to visit these sick persons daily.Once when Muft i Muhammad Sa diq ra fell sick and his condition was critical, he stayed at Muft i Sahibs ra house for many days and looked after him day and night, and even took part in cleaning up his place.(From A sha b-e-Ahmad , vol.1, p.98, published in 1997) Hadrat Chaudhry Z afrull a h Kh a n ra has written about his mother who used to say, If Allah the Almighty is not the enemy, what harm can any enemy do? This way, I do not consider anyone as my enemy.She used to treat every adver- sary very well, and used to say: ‘The one who pleases us, we wish to treat him well.It is not something that you should seek a reward for.To please Allah the Almighty, we should

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The Spiritual Revolution 259 treat people with whom we are displeased with favour and kindness.’ He writes that she used to reside at Daskah and treated all the people there with great beneficence and the people also respected her greatly.When the conflict with the A h r a r started, its effect was noticed in that town also.The people, whom she used to help, now became hostile.But this had no effect upon my mother.If any relative reminded her that she was helping a person who had become our opponent and had joined the A h r a r, she would not like it and would say: ‘Why are you stopping me from service to humanity?’ At one time, it has been related that she was preparing some dresses.She was asked for whom she was preparing these clothes? She replied that they were for the children of a certain person.She was told: ‘You are strange, that person belongs to the A h r a r and is a strong opponent of our Jam a ‘at and you are preparing these clothes for him?’ She replied: ‘If these people commit mischief, Allah the Almighty will protect us.As long as Allah the Almighty is with us the hostility of the opponents cannot harm us.But this man is poor and he has no means to provide dresses for his children and grandchildren.I am preparing these clothes for him, considering him a needy person.As you are raising objection about it, your punishment is that when I have finished these clothes, you yourself shall take these to his house.’ She also said: ‘This person is one of the A h r a r and other A h r a r may be watching him, you should go to him during the night, so that he may not be punished for receiving clothes from the

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 260 Ahmad i s.’ ( A sha b-e-Ahmad , vol.11, pp.175–176, published in 1962) Caring for the widows and the orphans was her favourite pastime.People who wrote about it say that when she was engaged in preparing dowry for the girls, she used to prepare the dresses with her own hands with great joy and enthusiasm.(From A sha b-e-Ahmad , vol.11, p.186, published in 1962) Hadrat M i r Muhammad Is ha q ra used to take pains for the welfare of the orphans.There were orphans residing in the Orphan House which used to be called D a r-ush-Shuy u kh.One incident narrated about him is that once he was resting due to high fever and was very weak.A worker came and informed him that there was no provision for feeding the orphans and no arrangements had been made for it.No breakfast had been served that morning.He called for a horse drawn buggy and rode on it to the houses of some affluent persons and collected provisions, thus managing to feed those children.This is an example of the sentiments of our elders; even during illness he sacrificed his comfort and set out of his house for the sake of orphans.Why would he not act this way? He had the good example of his master, the Holy Prophet sa , before him where he had said: ‘I and the person who took care of the orphans will be together in the Paradise, like these two fingers’, and he pointed to his ring finger and middle finger.These were the examples of our elders and saints.Then there is an incident narrated about Hadrat Ha fi z Mu‘ i n-ud-D i n ra who was blind.Someone narrates that on one cold night there was lot of mud on the dirt roads of

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The Spiritual Revolution 261 Qadian, he noticed that Ha fi z Sahib was walking with great difficulty.He inquired as to where he was going.He replied: ‘Brother, a female dog has given birth to puppies.I have one piece of bread left.It is raining, so I wanted to feed it to her.’ What Ha fi z Sahib did was the following of the sunnah , to take pity on the animals.Remember that incident when someone descended into a well and took water in his shoe and offered it to a thirsty dog to drink! The Holy Prophet sa said that Allah the Almighty shall grant him forgiveness due to this virtuous deed.His Companions ra were amazed and asked him if they would be rewarded for providing for animals also.He replied: ‘Yes, every good deed and favour to any living soul and animal shall be rewarded.’ (From A sha b-e-Ahmad , vol.13, p.296, published in 1967 ) There is an incident narrated about an Ahmad i named Hadrat N u r Muhammad ra : It was a harsh cold winter and he had neither a coat nor a blanket.He was only wearing two shirts, one upon the other and was traveling in a train.He saw an old disabled person, who was naked and trembling with cold.He took off one of his shirts and made the old man wear it.A Sikh was also trav- eling with them.When he saw this, he said in Punj a b: ‘Dear Brother, you shall attain salvation; I do not know what will happen to me.’ [Thus a good example was set.] A few days later it so happened that this N u r Muhammad came into the Mosque at Mughal Purah for dawn Prayer and he wore a new woolen wrap.He saw a person named Fate h D i n shivering with cold; he was once a rich person, but was now a victim of poverty.N u r Muhammad took off his new wrap hurriedly

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 262 and put it around the other person.( From R uh Perver Y a dei n , p.687, first edition) At the time of the establishment of Pakistan in 1947, hundreds of thousands of refugees, after being robbed and beaten, trav- eled to Qadian in the form of caravans.The circumstances at that time were extremely hard.There was no guarantee of protection of the honour of the Muslim women.All Muslims thought that they shall be secure once they reached Qadian.At that time Hadrat Mu s le h -e-Mau ‘u d ra made Mirz a N as ir Ahmad (who later on became Khalifatul Masih III rta ) in- charge of the refugees who had reached Qadian in helpless condition and many lacked clothing.H u du r ra first of all distributed precious clothing from his own family among the refugees.Then under proper arrangement, all left Qadian in an orderly fashion in the form of caravans and with the grace of Allah the Almighty reached their destination safely.The Ahmad i s fulfilled their responsibility for the protection of all the people, by sacrificing their own lives for it.In the Ten Conditions of Bai‘at as established by the Promised Messiah as , there is one condition that after joining the Jam a ‘at with the covenant of bai‘at , we own nothing for ourself.Now all our affiliations and relations shall be through our association with the Promised Messiah as and the organisa- tion of the Jam a ‘at.No relationship can take us away from the Promised Messiah as.We become beggars at his door.This remains our priority.This covenant has been fulfiled very well.I now present a few examples.Many of them have been praised and paid homage by the Imam of the Age himself.

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The Spiritual Revolution 263 The Promised Messiah as writes: Similarly our dear friend Maulav i Muhammad A h san of Amrohah is very active with fine and good writings in support of our Movement.Sahibz a dah P i r Sir a j-ul- H aq broke his rela- tionship with thousands of his followers and accepted life here like a dervish.Mi a n ‘Abdull a h of Sanaur, Maulav i Burh a n-ud- D i n of Jhelum, Maulav i Mub a rak ‘Al i of Sialkot, Q adi D i a’ - ud-D i n of Q adi Kot i , Munsh i Chaudhry Nab i Bakhsh of Bat a lah, District Gurdaspurah and Munsh i Jal a l-ud-D i n Yal a n i etc., are engaged in services in accordance with their capacity.I am amazed at the love and sincerity shown by our Jam a ‘at.Even persons with meager income like Mi a n Jam a l-ud-D i n, Khair-ud-D i n, and Imam-ud-D i n of Kashm i r who live near our village.Even these three brothers of meager means who work as laborers and perhaps earn twelve or sixteen pennies a day, take part in monthly donations with great zeal.I am also astonished at the sincerity of their friend Mi a n ‘Abdul Az i z Patw a r i (a village land official).In spite of poor means of live- lihood, one day he gave me a donation of one hundred rupees, saying that he wished this amount to be spent in the way of Allah the Almighty.That poor man probably saved that one hundred rupees over many years, but his zeal to spend in the way of Allah the Almighty and to win His pleasure made him do so.( D am i mah, Anj a m-e- A tham , pp.29–30, footnote, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.11, pp.313–314, footnote) The Promised Messiah as wrote about Hadrat Khalifatul Masih I ra as following:

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 264 I have seen many people with great wealth who give a small amount in the way of God.To remain hungry and thirsty and to spend ones dear wealth in the way of Allah the Almighty’s pleasure and, make nothing in the world for himself is the quality perfectly seen only in Hadrat Maulav i N u r-ud-D i n.I have no other example of the extent to which I have been helped by his wealth.( Nish a n-e- A sm a n i , R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.4, p.407) Hadrat Khalifatul Masih I, Maul a n a N u r-ud-D i n ra wrote to Promised Messiah as in the following words: I sacrifice myself for your sake.Whatever I own is not mine but is yours.H u du r is my spiritual guide.I say truly that if all my wealth is spent for religious propagation and publication, then I shall attain my success.( Fat- h e-Isl a m , p.61, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.3, p.36) The Promised Messiah as writes about Hadrat Munsh i Z afar Ahmad ra : Our dear friend Munsh i Z afar Ahmad is a young, righteous and reserved person.His wisdom is deep and penetrating.His character shows clear signs cultivating faithfulness and he comprehends the proven verities very well.He fully under- stands the proven truths and derives pleasure from them.He truly loves Allah the Almighty and His Messenger.He possesses qualities of showing respect, on which wholly depends the attainment of the beneficence, and having good faith which is required in this path.May Allah the Almighty grant him the best reward! ( Iz a la-e-’Auh a m , pp.800–801, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.3, pp.532–533)

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The Spiritual Revolution 265 The Promised Messiah as writes about Ha d rat Mi a n ‘Abdull a h ra of Sanaur: Our dear friend Mi a n ‘Abdull a h Sanaur i is a young man who has been attracted to me due to his natural affiliation with me.I am certain that he is among those faithful friends who cannot be shaken by any trial.He has stayed in my company, at times for two or three months or longer.I have been observing him very closely to judge his inner faith.By intu- ition I have learned his inner condition, that this young man has truly great surge of love of Allah the Almighty and His Messenger sa.The only reason for his relationship of love with me is his certainty that I am a person among the lovers of God and His Messenger.( Iz a la-e-’Auh a m , p.796, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.3, p.531) The Promised Messiah as writes about Munsh i Muhammad Ar u rha ra : Our dear friend Munsh i Muhammad Ar u rha works as a draftsman for a magistrate.He is fully endowed with the qual- ities of love, sincerity and devotion.He loves the truth and recognises it immediately.He performs all the Jam a ‘at services with great joy.Each day and night he seeks any occasion to serve me.His sincerity and devotion is marvelous.I feel that he loves me passionately.Perhaps he is never happier than the times when he is able to do some service for me with all his powers, his wealth and his life.He is a faithful person, sincere, righteous and brave.May God Almighty reward him! A m i n.( Iz a la-e-’Auh a m , pp.798–800, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.3, p.532)

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 266 Then he has said: Our dear friend Mi a n Muhammad Kh a n is employed in Kap u rthalah State.He is humble, pious, and has deep under- standing of and likes the truth.I cannot estimate the degree of his devotion and his good faith in me.I do not have any worry that there may be any loss in his devotion for me, but I do worry that it may get too extreme.He is truly faithful, devoted and a righteous person.May God be with him! His younger brother, Sard a r ‘Al i Kh a n has also joined our Move- ment with his pledge of allegiance to me.Like his brother he is very noble and righteous.May God the Almighty protect them both! ( Iz a la-e-’Auh a m , pp.798–800, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.3, p.532) Then he writes: Our most dear brother whose death has caused great grief to us was M i rz a ‘A zi m Beig.The deceased belonged to the S a m a nah part of Patiala State.He passed away on 2 Rabi-al- Th a n i , 1308 Hijrah.[Surely, to Allah we belong, and to Him shall we return.] [The eyes shed tears, the hearts are sorrowful, and we are grieving due to his death.] I do not find words to express the love which the late Mirz a Sahib had for me solely for the sake of God, and how much he was devoted to me.On his untimely death, I was grieved as I

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The Spiritual Revolution 267 have never experienced before.He was our joy and leader.He departed from us after a very short time.As long as we live, we shall not forget our grief that we suffered at his death.On remembering his friendship, we feel very sad, and there is an agony of grief in our heart, and our eyes are tearful.He was full of love and devotion, and was bold enough to express it.( Fat -h e-Isl a m , pp.65–66, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.3, p.39) Ha d rat Q adi D i a ’-ud-D i n ra wrote that once he said the following to the Promised Messiah as : O my master, I find opposing wishes surging in my heart.On the one hand, I sincerely wish that the world may soon know the truth and the spiritual light of H u du r and people of all nations and faiths should come and be irrigated by this spiri- tual fountain which Allah the Almighty has started.But on the other hand, along with this desire, I become worried thinking that when other people may come to know you and they begin to come here in large numbers, and H u du r would visit their homes as well, then I might lose the nearness of your company and the great pleasure it gives me.H u du r, then I shall lose the opportunity and honour to sit in your company and talk with you as I do now.Such opposing wishes arise in my mind.Q adi Sahib says that the Promised Messiah as smiled on hearing these words.( A sha b-e-Ahmad , vol.6, p.10) Then there is another example of Q adi D i a’ -ud-D i n ra.[His son] Q adi Abdur Ra hi m used to say that once his father mentioned an incident with relish.He said, Once I was performing the ablution ( wu du ) before Prayer when Hadrat H a fi z Ha mid ‘Al i ra , an employee of the Promised Messiah as ,

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 268 asked the Promised Messiah as who I was.H u du r as replied giving my name and address and then said this person loves me! Q adi Sahib used to mention this incident with great joy and used to wonder how H u du r as got to know the condition of his heart.Such was the force of his love that at the time of his death, he advised his children in the following words: ‘With great difficulty I have brought you to the door of the Promised Messiah as , now after I am gone, never leave this door.’ His children fully acted upon his wish.( A sha b-e-Ahmad , vol.6, pp.8–9, published in 1959) Hadrat Maulav i Ni‘matull a h ra was martyred in Kabul in 1924.Before his martyrdom, he wrote a letter from his prison to an Ahmad i friend, stating: I always pray to God in the prison asking Him to make this unworthy person successful in the service of the faith.I do not wish to be released from the prison or to be spared from being killed.I supplicate that may Allah let each particle of this unworthy person be sacrificed for the sake of Islam.( T a r i kh-e- Ahmadiyyat , vol.5, p.450, published in 1964) Devotion to the Promised Messiah as There is an incident about Sayyed ‘Abdus Satt a r Sh a h ra exem- plifying the tenth condition of bai‘at that the bond of love with the Promised Messiah as shall be unprecedented.In 1907, the youngest son of the Promised Messiah as , Sahibz a dah Mirz a Mub a rak Ahmad fell ill with severe typhoid fever.

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The Spiritual Revolution 269 Someone during those days had a dream that Mub a rak Ahmad was getting married.The people skilled in interpreting dreams have written that if the marriage seen in a dream is with an unknown woman, it means death.Some of them think that if such a dream is carried out literally, the death may be averted.The person who had seen the dream mentioned it and its possible interpretation to the Promised Messiah as.He agreed and said: ‘The interpreters of dreeams believe that the inter- pretation is death, but sometimes to fulfil the dream literally may avert this outcome.Let us, therefore, get Mub a rak Ahmad married.’ Though that child was too young to know anything about marriage, the Promised Messiah as took the thought in consideration.When H u du r was saying the above, by chance (Sayyedah Sa ‘i datun-Nis a ’) the wife of Doctor Sayyed ‘Abdus Satt a r, ra who was a guest, happened to be in the courtyard of the house.The Promised Messiah as saw her, and calling her over told her that he wished to arrange marriage for Mub a rak Ahmad and said, You have your daughter Maryam.If you like we can marry her to Mub a rak Ahmad.She replied that she had no objection but if H u du r would permit, she wanted to consult her husband.During those days late Doctor Sahib ra and his family were staying in the Round Room of the house.She went down- stairs… but he was not there.When he returned, she talked to him is the following words: ‘When someone enters the religion of Allah the Almighty, his faith is tested.Should Allah the Almighty test your faith by a trial, will you be steadfast?’

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 270 She had two things on her mind causing her to think that her husband might hesitate to make a decision in that matter.One was that till then no girl of his family was ever married to a non-Sayyed, and secondly Mub a rak Ahmad was criti- cally ill and he himself was treating him.He might think that that marriage was risky as it had ninety-nine percent chance of failure; and soon their daughter might have the stigma of widowhood.For these reasons she was afraid that her husband might show weakness and thus lose his faith.When she asked him: ‘If Allah the Almighty should test you with a trial, will you be steadfast?’ He replied: ‘I hope that Allah the Almighty shall grant me steadfastness.’ On hearing this, she told him the whole story that the Promised Messiah as had suggested that they may agree to marry Maryam with Mub a rak.On hearing this he said: ‘Well, if the Promised Messiah as likes it, why should we have any objection?’ On hearing this, she started to cry and involuntarily tears started to flow from her eyes.‘What is the matter? Do you not like this relationship?’ asked the late Doctor Sahib.The wife replied, ‘I like the arrangement.The thing is when the Promised Messiah as asked about this marriage (nik ah ) , my heart was beating fast with anxiety and I was afraid that you may lose your faith [by refusing the proposal].Now on hearing your answer, I cannot stop my tears due to happi- ness.’ So this marriage ( nik ah ) was performed and after a few days, as the illness of Mub a rak Ahmad was terminal, that girl became a widow.( Daily Al-Fa d l , August 1, 1944, pp.1–2, taken from Hadrat Doctor Sayyed ‘Abdus Satt a r Sh a h Sahib , pp.122–124)

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The Spiritual Revolution 271 Now observe how Allah the Almighty blessed the devotion of Doctor Sahib.This girl later got married to Hadrat Mu s leh-e- Mau‘ud ra and is known as Hadrat Umm-e- T ahir ra.May Allah the Almighty be pleased with her.The Promised Messiah as has written about Hadrat Sahibz a dah ‘Abdul-La ti f Shah i d ra in the following words: In those days I was receiving Divine revelations persistently and many strong signs were shown for me and my claim of being the Promised Messiah, along with the supporting argu- ments, had been published in the world.In the region of Khost, adjoining Kabul (Afghanistan), there was a saintly person named Akhund Z a dah Maulav i ‘Abdul-La ti f.By chance my books reached him and he read all the argu- ments—the traditional and the intellectual—and the incidents of Divine Support, which I had written in my books with the help of Allah the Almighty.That saintly person was extremely pious, a man of knowledge, discernment and intuition, God fearing and righteous.His heart was greatly affected and he had no difficulty in recognising the truth of my claim.His pure conscience accepted without any hesitation that I was sent by Allah the Almighty and my claim was true.He began to regard my books with great love, and his soul being pure and ready was attracted to me, so much so that it became diffi- cult for him to remain away from me and anted to meet me.As a consequence of this great attraction, love and devotion, he made a firm determination to perform H ajj.To seek permission of the State of Kabul, he requested the Am i r of Afghanistan to allow him to go on this journey.As the Am i r of Kabul regarded him a saintly scholar and chief of all the

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 272 ‘ulem a , he was not only given permission but also was some financial support.On obtaining this permission, he reached Qadian.When we met, I state in the name of God, in whose hand is my life, that I found him so much devoted to me and fully convinced of the truthfulness of my claim, that it is impossible for any other person to exceed it.Just like a bottle filled with perfume, I found him full of love for me.Like his face, I found his heart to be fully illuminated.( Tadhkiratush- Shah a datain , p.7, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.20, pp.9–10) Again, the Promised Messiah as writes about Hadrat Khalifatul Masih I ra , as follows: Now I cannot but express my gratitude that God Almighty with His mercy and grace, has not left me alone.Those who have brotherly relationship with me and have joined my Movement, which God Almighty has established Himself, have developed wonderful virtues of love and devotion for me.It is not due to my hard work but God Almighty with his special beneficence has granted me these truthful souls.First of all, I want to mention with great pleasure in my heart one spiritual brother whose name, like the light of his devotion, is N u r D i n.I always see with great envy some of his services rendered for the sake of propagation and publica- tion of Islam by spending his lawfully earned wealth.I wish that I too might have been able to perform such services.In his heart there is such a passion to support the religion [of Islam] that when I think of it, it brings to my mind the Power and Glory of God.I marvel how Allah the Almighty attracts His servants towards Himself, and they always stand ready to spend all their wealth, [everything he owns] all their

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The Spiritual Revolution 273 faculties and all their means in obedience to Him and His Messenger sa.I know this as a matter of fact by personal experience, and not just by having a good opinion, that he is not only ready to spend all his wealth in my path, but is ready also to sacrifice his life and honour.Had I permitted him, like his spiritual fellowship he would have spent all his time in my company after giving away everything in this path.As a sample, I write below a few lines from his letters, for the readers, so that they may know as to how much my brother Maulav i H ak i m N u r-ud-D i n of Bhera, the physician of the State of Jammu, has progressed in his status of love and devotion.Here are some samples from his letters: My master, my Imam , my spiritual guide, peace be on you and also mercy and blessings of Allah the Almighty.Revered Sir, it is my prayer that I may always remain in your company so that I may attain from the Imam of this Age all the objectives for which he has been appointed as the Mujaddid [Reformer].If you permit, I may resign from my employment and spend all my time in your company.If you command me so I may renounce all my worldly relations and travel through the world inviting people to the true religion and may give my life for this purpose.I am fully devoted to you.Whatever I have is yours and not mine.H u du r, my mentor, my guide, I truly request that if all my wealth and possessions are spent in the propagation of the religion [of Islam], I will consider myself to have achieved my aim in life….I have a very close relationship with you as [ Hadrat ‘Umar] F a r u q had [with the Holy Prophet sa ], and I am ready to

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 274 sacrifice all that I have for your sake.Pray for me that my death be that of the truthful ones.The truth, the courage, the sympathy and the devotion of Maulav i Sahib (N u r-ud-D i n) is apparent from his words; but more so is apparent from his sincere services and actions.In full sincerity and love, he wishes to sacri- fice even the basic necessities of his family life.His spirit, out of the surge of love and ecstasy is inducing him to do more than what is in his power.He is engaged in service all the time, every moment.( Fat- h e-Isl a m , pp.59–63, R uha n i Khaz a’ in , vol.3, pp.35–37) In response to a critic, the Promised Messiah as has written: You say that in our Community only H ak i m Maulav i N u r-ud- D i n Sahib is a man of action, and others are not.I do not know how you would respond to Allah the Almighty when ques- tioned about such fabrication.I can state on oath that in our Community there are at least one hundred thousand persons who have believed in me truly, and they perform righteous acts.Sometimes when they listen to me talk, they are so over- whelmed that their clothes are soaked in tears.I see such a great change in thousands of my followers that I consider them thou- sand times better than the followers who believed in Moses during his lifetime.On their faces I perceive the light of belief and righteousness like that of the Companions ra of the Holy Prophet sa.There may be a few who may lack good qualities due to some inherent defects, but that would be only an exception.Then he says: I see that my Jam a ‘at’s progress in virtue and good morals is a miracle.Thousands of our members are fully devoted.If I call

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The Spiritual Revolution 275 upon them today to relinquish all their possessions, they are ready to do so.Even then I admonish them for further growth.I do not talk about their virtues, but I feel very happy in my heart.( S i ratul Mehd i , Part I, p.165) Obligations of the Progeny of Sincere Elders These were just a few examples which I have presented.Hundreds of thousand of similar examples can be found among the members of this beloved Community of the Promised Messiah as.He talked about hundreds of thousands in his time, and now the numbers of members who have estab- lished high standard of devotion and sacrifices has further increased.There are many whose incidents of faithfulness, sincerity, love and obedience have not come to surface.These people remained silent throughout while giving of their love, affinity, obedience and loyalty.The progeny of such devoted persons should write down the events of their lives and give them to the Jam a ‘at for records.They should carry on such traditions in their families and should narrate to their children the examples of their elders urging them to continue the good works.While we envy our elders and how their sacri- fices made them beneficiaries of the prayers of the Imam of the Age, we should also remember that even today we have opportunities to benefit from such prayers.Come forward and establish new examples of such faithfulness, devotion, obedi- ence, affiliation and love and become recipient of the grace of Allah the Almighty.Remember that as long we continue to set such examples, the worldly opposition cannot harm us at

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 276 all.Always remember these words of the Promised Messiah as , ‘If your relation with the heaven is secure, the earth cannot harm you at all.’ Admission by the Non-Ahmad i s Non-Ahmad i s also observe these changes and have admitted to noticing these.Such changes were so clear and apparent that they were forced to admit that by accepting the Imam of the Age, the Ahmad i s have undergone many positive changes.Nevertheless, they have persisted in their own denial.I shall now present some samples of their admission.‘All a mah Iqb a l wrote: In the Punj a b the essentially Muslim type of character has found a powerful expression in the so-called Qadian i -sect.( The Muslim Community—A Sociological Study by All a mah Dr.Mo h ammad Iqb a l.Edited with Introduction, Dr.Mu z affar ‘Abb a s, Maktabah-e-‘ A liyah, Urdu B a z a r, Lahore, p.23) ‘All a mah Ni a z Fate h Pur i wrote about the Promised Messiah as : We cannot deny that he certainly rejuvenated Islamic character and established such a community whose life can be called a true reflection of the noble morals of the Holy Prophet sa.( Mul ah a za t-e-Ni a z Fate h Pur i , p.29, compiled by Muhammad Ajmal Sh a hid, M.A., published in 1968) The editor of the newspaper The Statesman of Delhi wrote that in the holy city of Qadian was born an Indian Prophet who impregnated his surroundings with his piety and char-

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The Spiritual Revolution 277 acter.These qualities are reflected in the lives of lakhs of his followers.107 ( The Statesman, February 12, 1949, Dr.Shanker D a s Mehra, M.B.B.S; Delhi.pp.27–28.From Ahmadiyyah Movement in India by Barak a t R a jek i , B.A.published by Mirz a Was i m Ahmad, 5th edition 1958.p.2) ‘Abdur Ra hi m Ashraf Az a d writes about the revolution created by the Ahmadiyyah Jam a ‘at: There are thousands who renounced their families for sake of this new faith.They tolerated worldly losses and offered sacri- ficed of their wealth and lives.We readily admit that a signifi- cant number of the Qadian i people are such who sincerely believe it to be true and present sacrifices of their wealth, life, worldly means and relations.Some of their members welcomed the death penalty in Kabul.Many of them accepted poverty in the far away regions of foreign countries.( Weekly Al-Mi n ber , Lyallpur, March 2, 1952, p.10) In spite of all this praise, it is their misfortune that they have not accepted the Promised Messiah as.All praise be to Allah the Almighty that our faith has been strengthened by their words of admission.May Allah the Almighty further increase our faith and conviction! May we fulfil every condition of the covenant of the bai‘at happily by considering it to be our duty! May Allah the Almighty be pleased with us! A m i n! 107.This was translated from Urdu and should be taken as a para- phrase and not an exact quotation of the original English text.

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279 i n d e x o f n a m e s  A ‘Abdul Kar i m.................164, 245 ‘Al i................................155, 175 ‘ A ’idhull a h Bin ‘Abdull a h..........5 ‘Abdul Mughn i......................227 ‘Abdul Qayy u m.....................223 ‘Abdul Satt a r Sh a h.................235 ‘Abdul Wahh a b Bin al-Ward...97 ‘Abdull a h...............................128 ‘Abdull a h Bin ‘Amr Bin al-‘ As................................23, 24, 61 ‘Abdull a h Bin ‘Umar.....156, 158 ‘Abdull a h Bin Hudhafah Bin Qais al-Sahmi....................176, 177 ‘Abdull a h Bin H udh a fah Bin Qais as-Sahm i....................205, 206 ‘Abdull a h Bin Mas‘ u d.........................................36, 62, 126, 155 ‘Abdull a h Ghaznav i...............240 ‘Abdull a h Kh a n......................224 ‘Abdur Ra hi m Ashraf Az a d....277 ‘Abdur Ra h m a n Bin ‘Amr As-Salam i..........................116 ‘Abdus Satt a r Sh a h.........220, 269 ‘ A ishah.......6, 7, 96, 97, 106, 229 ‘Al i Roger.............................237 ‘All a mah Iqb a l.......................276 ‘All a mah Ni a z Fate h Pur i.......276 ‘Alqamah Bin Mujazziz..........176 ‘Amir Bin Rab i ‘ah...................62 ‘Amr Bin al-‘Auf....................107 ‘Arfajah..................................187 Abraham................................141 Ab u ‘Ubaidah........................179 Ab u ‘Ubaidah Bin Jarr ah........143 Ab u Barzah............................109 Ab u Burdah Bin Ab i M u s a.......65 Ab u Dhar al-Ghaff a r i...............84 Ab u Hurairah........23, 34, 37, 40, 53, 58, 59, 70, 80, 93, 126, 127, 135, 136, 137, 154, 156, 158,..................................184, 186 Ab u M u s a al-Ash‘ar i..............111 Ab u Rai ha nah..........................29 Ab u Sa‘ i d Khudr i....30, 127, 135, 136, 205 Ab u Shurai h.............................29 Ab u T al h ah Ans a r i.................143 Ab u Ubaidah.........................179 A dam.......................................68 Alqamah Bin Mujazziz...........205 Anas.......................................116 Anas Bin M a lik......................143 Asm a ’ Bint Yaz i d.....................42 Aswad......................................34

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND THE R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 280 B B a b u Faq i r ‘Al i..............217, 218 Bakhsh...................................235 Bash i r Ahmad Qamar............210 Bash i r Orchard......................233 Bil a l.................................58, 218 Bil a l Daniel Hawker Nuttal...218 Burh a n-ud-D i n............226, 227,...........................240, 242, 263 C Chaudhry Bash i r Ahmad.......230 Chaudhry Na s rull a h Kh a n......................................217, 224, 231 Chaudhry Ra hi m Bakhsh.....................................................220 Chaudhry Shukrull a h Kh a n...224 Chaudhry Z afrull a h Kh a n...............................209, 217, 224, 258 D D ia’-ud-D i n..........................267 F Fa d l D i n................................247 Fa d l Il a h i...............................215 F at imah.................................137 G Ghul a m Ras u l Rajek i............236 H H a fi z Ha mid ‘Al i...................267 H a fi z Mu‘ i n-ud-D i n......260, 261 H am i dull a h Kh a n..................224 H ujr Bin H ujr........................116 I ‘Irb a d Bin S a riyah..................116 Ibn-e-‘Abb a s..............66, 96, 186 Ibn-e-‘Umar..........................187 Ibn-e-Mas‘ u d.........................125 Im a m H usain.....................78, 79 Im a m M a lik.............................23 Im a m-ud-D i n........................263 J Ja‘far Bin Ab i Ta lib................137 J a bir...................36, 53, 106, 125 K Khair-ud-D i n.........................263 Kh a lid Bin al-Wal i d...............179 M M.Bash i r Ahmad...................217 Mi a n ‘Abdul Az i z Patw a r i......263 Mi a n ‘Abdull a h..............263, 265 Mi a n Jam a l-ud-D i n................263 Mi a n Muhammad Aslam........234 Mi a n Muhammad Kh a n.........266 M i r Muhammad Is ha q...........260 Mirz a ‘Abdul H aq..................235 M i rz a ‘Az i m Beig...................266 Mirz a Ayy u b Beig.................................................215, 216, 258 Mirz a Bashir-ud-Din Ma h m u d Ahmad........203, 204, 232, 262 Mirza Ghulamull a h................232 Mirz a Mub a rak Ahmad..........268 Mirz a N as ir Ahmad................262

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index of names 281 Mirz a Ta hir Ahmad.......213, 234 Mirz a Ya‘q u b Beig.................216 Muhammad H af i z Baq a pur i..........................................242 Mother of Chaudhry Z afrull a h Kh a n.........................208, 230 Mu‘ a dh Bin Jabal...............41, 70 Mu‘ a wiyah..............................97 Mu‘ a wiyah Bin H aidah al- Qushair i.............................142 Mub a rak ‘Al i.........................263 Muft i Muhammad Sa diq................................................215, 258 Muhammad ‘Abdull a h Kh a n..................................................213 Muhammad ‘Al i Kh a n...................................................212, 245 Muhammad A h s a n Amrohi............................................212, 263 Muhammad Bin Ibr a h i m.........96 Muhammad Bin S i r i n..............28 Muhammad S idd i q Amritsari................................................237 Munsh i Barkat ‘Al i Kh a n.......233 Munsh i Chaudhry Nab i Bakhsh..........................................263 Munsh i Jal a l-ud-D i n Yal a ni...263 Munsh i Karam Il a h i...............241 Munsh i Muhammad Ar u rah..265 Munsh i Muhammad Ism a ‘ i l...212 Munsh i Z afar Ahmad.............264 N N as ir Sh a h.............................241 Naz i r Ahmad ‘Al i..................237 Ni‘matull a h............................268 No‘m a n Bin Bash i r..................70 N u r Mu h ammad....................261 N u r-ud-D i n....................12, 201,..................223, 224, 234, 245,...........263, 264, 272, 273, 274 P P i r Sir a j-ul- H aq.....................263 Q Q adi Abdur Ra hi m................267 Q adi D ia’-ud-D i n.........225, 263,..........................................267 Qa t bah Bin M a lik....................85 R Rustam ‘Al i...........................241 S Sayyed ‘Abdul Lat i f Shah i d....................................100, 243, 249,..........................251, 252, 271 Sayyed ‘Abdus Satt a r Sh a h................................................19, 268 Sayyed Fa d l Sh a h...................241 Sayyed Sarwar Sh a h.......................................................240, 242 Sayyedah Sa‘ i datun-Nis a ’.......269 Sheikh ‘Abdur-Ra h m a n Kh a n..........................................100 Sheikh Ha mid ‘Al i.................214 S u f i Ahmad J a n..................10, 12 Sufy a n....................................142 S uhaib Bin Sin a n......................94

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND THE R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 282 U ‘Ub a dah Bin A s - Sa mit..........................................5, 6, 116, 187 ‘Umar............................179, 180 ‘Umar Bin al-Kha tta b..............62 ‘Urwah Bin Mu h ammad..........84 Ubayy Bin Ka‘ab...................143 Umm-ul-Mo’min i n...............228 Usaid.......................................94 V V.V.Kahlo...........................237 Y Y u nus Kh a lid.........................237 Y u suf.......................................47 Z Z afar......................................209 Ziy a d Bin ‘Al a qah....................85

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v e r s e s o f t h e h o l y q u r ’ a n  Chapter Verse Page al-‘A s r,...........................103:4.............................27 al-A‘r a f,..........................7:24...............................68 al-A h z a b,........................33:36.............................27 al-A h z a b,........................33:57.............................60 al-An‘ a m,.......................6:153.............................26 al-Anf a l,.........................8:2................................115 al-Anf a l,.........................8:34...............................65 al-Baqarah,.....................2:113............................140 al-Baqarah,.....................2:194.............................43 al-Baqarah,.....................2:208.............................91 al-Baqarah,.....................2:218.............................43 al-Baqarah,.....................2:283.............................26 al-Baqarah,.....................2:284.............................26 al-Bayyinah,...................98:6..............................140 al-Dahr,.........................76:11............................161 al-Dahr,.........................76:12............................162 al-Dahr,.........................76:9..............151, 152, 153 A l-e-‘Imr a n,...................3:133............................115 A l-e-‘Imr a n,...................3:135........................78, 79 A l-e-‘Imr a n,...................3:32......117, 118, 180, 182 al-Fajr,...........................89:28–31........................92 al-Furq a n,......................25:64............................134 al-Furq a n,......................25:73.............................27 al- H ajj,...........................22:31..................22, 25, 26 al- H ujur a t,.....................49:8...............................33 al-M a ’idah,.....................5:36...............................63 al-M a ’idah,.....................5:9.................................26

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND THE R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 284 Chapter Verse Page al-Mu’min u n,.................23:6................................45 al-Mumta h inah,..............60:13..6, 171,173, 199, 201 al-Najm,.........................53:38............................144 al-Na s r,..........................110:4..............................65 al-N a zi‘ a t,......................79:41–42......................106 al-N a zi‘ a t,......................79:41............................109 al-Nis a ,...........................4:94..............................251 al-Nis a ’,..........................4:108..............................40 al-Nis a ’,..........................4:126............................141 al-Nis a ’,..........................4:136..............................26 al-Nis a ’,..........................4:37.......................149, 161 al-Nis a ’,..........................4:49................................15 al-Nis a ’,..........................4:60..............................114 al-N uh ,..........................71:11–13........................65 al-N u r,...........................24:31..............................31 al-N u r,...........................24:45.....................178, 204 al-N u r,...........................24:54............................204 al-N u r,...........................24:57..............................52 al-Qamar,.......................54:18............................111 al-Qa s a s ,.........................28:51............................105 al-Qa s a s ,.........................28:78..............................41 al-Zukhruf,.....................43:66..............................36 al-Zumar,.......................39:4..........................22, 48 al-Zumar,.......................39:54..............................64 Ban i Isr a ’ i l,.....................17:33..............................28 Ban i Isr a ’ i l,.....................17:38............................123 Ban i Isr a ’ i l,.....................17:80..............................57 H u d,...............................11:44..............................47 H u d,.............................11:4...............................68 Luqm a n,.........................31:14..............................16 Luqm a n,.........................31:19............................124 Sab a ’,..............................34:2................................70 Ta H a ,............................20:15..............................52 Ta H a ,............................20:75............................251

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285 s u b j e c t i n d e x  A Abraham faithfulness of,....................144 friendship with Allah of,....141 adh a n Bil a l Daniel Hawker Nuttal’s love for calling,..............218 merit of reciting dur u d after,................................61 adultery prohibition of,.....................28 Africa example of Ahmad i s in,.....209 marvelous sacrifices of new Ahmad i s in,...................236 Nu s rat Jah a n Scheme in,....256 social conditions in the seventies........................256 Ahmad i s adopt the habit of forgiveness.....................136 appeal to,...........................163 avoid arrogance..................127 fortunate to have accepted Imam of the time...........188 leave the company of bad people............................135 obligatory to recite Holy Qur’an regularly.............114 persecution of,...................101 reason for zealous for serving humanity.......................255 showing patience...............101 Ahmadiyyat examples of transformation in Africans after accepting,.......................209 transformation brought about by accepting,..................211 alcohol eschewing, after accepting Ahmadiyyat....................210 prohibition of,............143, 234 wrong to befriend someone who consumes,..............108 Allah asking forgiveness of, at time of bai‘at..................................7 associating partners with,......12

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND THE R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 286 attaining the love of,..........151 bai‘at is a contract made solely for the sake of,...............170 bai‘at of Promised Messiah as is taking bai‘at with,..............9 being true to bai‘at will have reward with,......................6 bounties on Ahmad i s.........101 certainty of faith in,............146 develop a true relationship with,..............................191 essential for all believers to believe in,..........................5 faith that lacks human sympathy not from,.........................45 granting of high and low status to men by,.....................135 has power over everything.............................................133 honour is a garment of,......127 keen to help him who is keen to help his brother..............157 kind treatment to all is commandment of,..........150 last Jam a ‘at established by,....97 likes one who treats His creatures well.................155 manifesting His glory through Jam a ‘at.............................11 mischief not loved by,..........41 praise of,..............................70 prohibition of assocaiting partners with,...................16 Promised Messiah as commanded to take bai‘at by,............................8 Promised Messiah as granted the permission to take bai‘at by,.........................xxi Prophet’s command cannot contradict commadments of,..................................172 protects Prophets and Khulaf a ’ from committing detrimental mistakes.........................203 raises status of one who adopts humility and humbleness......................................135 remain ever-thankful to,.......69 remain faithful to,................95 remembrance of,..................42 safeguards from possible ill effects of a decision made by Khalifah..........................203 secrets of hearts known by,...14 service to humanity for the pleasure of,.....................255 sincere obedience is due only to,....................................22 surrending oneself to,.........141 teachings for acquiring chastity........................................32 Unity of,..............................18 unjust people not guided by,.........................................105 wealth does not decrease when spent in the way of,........136 will not forgive shirk............15

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Subject Index 287 am i r subservient to the commandment of Allah and His Messengers..............206 anger comes from Satan.................84 commandment to shun,.......88 consequence of haughtines and conceit...........................138 arrogance all mischief orginates from,.............................................151 breeds other evils...............125 dangerous disease...............131 deep connection with Satan..............................121, 129 exhibited by nations...........124 first sin that led to eternal ruin...............................128 h ad i th on staying away from,.........................................125 meekness and,....................134 Promised Messiah as advice to Jam a ‘at regarding,..........132 second only to shirk in its evil.........................................128 staying away from,.............242 B backbiting evil of,.................................42 bai‘at account of first, by Munsh i ‘Abdull a h of Sanour.........12 admonishment of Promised Messiah as on first,.............12 a ha d i th on the subject of,....5, 6 benefits of, at the hand of Promised Messiah as.........193 condition prohibiting shirk.207 condition regarding observing Prayers...........................211 condition regarding suppression of passion.......................219 conditions of, at time of Holy Prophet Muhammad sa........5 divine permission given to Promised Messiah as.............9 effect of, on youg men.......216 expectations of Promised Messiah as from those who perform,...............13, 38, 86 first bai’at taken by Promised Messiah as...........12 fulfiling the pledge of,........163 giving up pride as a condition of...................122 Holy Prophet Muhammad sa taking, from women Companions ra..................94 performing istikh a rah before taking,................................9 purposeless without sincerity 76 safeguard completely from carnal desires..................105 seed in earth...........................4

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND THE R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 288 source to stay away from evil of society...........................172 spending life with meekness.......................137 spiritual changes in members of Community brought by,....................207 summary of ten conditions of,.....................5 what it means to join,........170 women who take...............200 believers guarding against carnal passions............................46 obedience of......................204 ranks of,...............................46 recitation of Holy Qur’an..111 speak the truth.....................24 C caste prohibition of arrogance resulting from,...............130 charity wealth not reduced by giving,...........................158 chastity advice for unmarried............29 fasting to attain,...................29 five remedies against unchaste behaviour........................32 performing physical work to attain,...............................29 children moral training of,.................24 reacting to the cruelty of their fathers....................124 commandments issued by Allah and Prophet......................................200 compassion for Allah’s creation.....153, 160 creation kindness towards Allah’s,....147 sympathy be shown for,.....153 Cross not needed for salvation.....146 customs different types of frivolous,.103 dislike of bad,.....................229 take one away from religion..........................108 D Dajj a l creating hardships in the path of Ahmad i s...........................95 killing by the Promised Messiah as of,...................184

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Subject Index 289 disbelief falsehood and Hell...............24 discord created by evil...................189 Promised Messiah’s as advice on avoiding,..........................42 dishonesty eschew,................................40 h ad i th about,........................40 doctors call by H u du r to devote services..........................257 dedicated their lives for the service of humanity........163 dur u d Mirz a Ayy u b Beig’s ra invocation of,................215 sending upon Holy Prophet Muhammad sa...................60 E ears protecting, from listening to prohibited voices.............32 eclipse condition at the time of solar,..............................212 enemies treatment of, by Chaudhry Z afrull a h Kh a n’s ra mother...........................258 enmity prohibition of, towards each other........................82 errors minor, can be committed by Khulaf a ’.....................203 evil adultery lies at limit of,.........28 creates discord....................189 eschew company of,.......39, 87 falsehood lies at root of,........22 from direct confrontations, fights and abuses.............189 h ad i th about,.........................85 self that incites to,................46 F Fa d l-e-‘Umar Hospital need for doctors.................257 faith certainty of,........................145 importance of,............139, 140 innovations that have nothing to do with,.....................106 preference over worldly matters...................139, 143

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND THE R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 290 Satan making men careless about his,.........................13 sign of true,.......................101 falsehood adultery and,........................28 greatest of all faults...............21 Hell and,........................23, 24 idolatry and,...................25, 27 lies at root of evil.................22 natural aversion to,...............25 shirk and,..............................22 uttering of,...........................25 fasting behaviour during,................34 breaking of, to induldge in desires..............................17 h ad i th about,........................34 means of attaining chastity......................29, 32 obligatory with certain prerequisites.....................55 father mistreating children...........123 fear perfect understanding is root of,..........................146 fidelity shown by ‘Abdur-Ra h m a n Kh a n ra...........................100 shown by Sahibz a dah Sayyed ‘Abdul La ti f Shah i d ra......100 forbearance adopt,..................................79 forgiveness Ahmad i s must adopt,....79, 136 Allah’s reward for those who practice,.........................136 h ad i th on,...........................136 seeking Allah’s,....................88 G ghafara meaning of,..........................69 ghair ma‘r u f and ma‘r u f directives...........200 see also ma‘r u f Ghana example of Ahmad i from,..............................210, 212 God see Allah good and not good definition of,......................173 goodness reward of,............................45 government loyalty to just,......................44 opposition of Ahmad i s by Muslim,.......................45

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Subject Index 291 H h ajj commandment of,...............31 obligatory with certain prerequisities....................55 should not be performed for appearance.....................130 haughtiness borne out of anger.............138 heaven be merciful on earth so that you may be shown mercy in,..45 meek people fill,................126 hell disbelief and,........................24 falsehood and,................23, 24 haughty people fill,............126 lying and,.............................24 people who abuse the rights of others will be in,..............37 Holy Prophet Muhammad sa achieving grace through,......64 concerned about corruption of faith...............................107 conditions of bai‘at at time of,..............................5 humility of,........................132 no one can reach Allah without following,......................181 noble example during death of son Ibr a h i m ra.................224 on telling the truth...............21 person dearest to, on Day of Judgement......................125 prayed fervently for pleasure of Allah................................96 prayer and,...........................53 Promised Messiah as attained his status due to,..................181 raised to uproot false notions.............................19 status of meek in the eyes of,...........................136 taking bai‘at makes one subservient to,................105 taqw a in his heart.................80 warned his ummah about shirk........................16 women taking pledge from,..6 Holy Qur’an easy to understand..............111 love of Hadrat Khalifatul Masih I ra for,..................234 obedience in what is right..204 on adopting the ordinances of Allah,.............................114 on attaining purification through restraining looks and guarding private parts.......30 on glad tidings of Paradise..................106, 109 on great rewards for truthful.27 on holding fast to justice......27 on how to please Allah.......118 on keeping away from idol worship............................27 on keeping away from lying........................................27

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND THE R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 292 on mischief,.........................41 on obedience in what is right......................................178 on obeying Allah and His Messenger......................115 on observing prayer.............52 on offering tahajjud..............57 on people following evil inclinations,...................105 on people who guard their chastity,...........................45 on pride,............................124 on saving oneself from wickedness and immorality........................................33 on shunning the abomination of idols and all words of untruth..................22, 25 on speaking the truth...........27 on surrending oneself to Allah,..............................140, 141 on taking bai‘at from women......................................171 on true testimony................27 on worshipping Allah,........139 protects one from evil........162 uttering falsehood mentioned together with shirk in,....22 honesty natural human condition......40 human beings incidents of past elders in serving,..........................258 like parts of a body.............160 nature of,.............................25 service by Jam a ‘at of,..........255 humbleness characteristic of a true believer..........................238 humility commandment to adopt,......88 h ad i th on,..........................135 of Promised Messiah as........122 hungry feeding of the,....................162 huqqah evil effects of,.....................231 hypocrites behaviour regarding obedience......................204 characteristics of,................125 four characteristics of,...........23 recitation of Holy Qur’an by,......................................111 I Ibr a h i m as sacrifices of,........................243 see also Abraham idolatry falsehood and,................25, 27 types of,...............................18 imam sign of true,........................101

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Subject Index 293 immorality saving oneself from,.............33 infant honesty and integrity of,......40 innovations and rituals deserve to be rejected..........................107 integrity natural human condition......40 intermediation by the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa ,..................61 Islam Promised Messiah as as defender of,.......................7 on wearing the veil..............31 on fighting passions..............32 combines discharging obligations to Allah and humanity,......................147 essence of,..........................141 establishing a beautiful culture of,......................150 Ism a ‘ i l as readiness to sacrifice life,....244 istighf a r need of regularity in,............64 to obtain strength.................68 istikh a rah performing, before taking bai‘at..................................9 J Jam a ‘at advice to,.............................80 distinction of,...............11, 162 duty of members............39, 86 established by Allah........42, 97 helping the poor................162 obedience fully mandatory.............................................170 people who do not show patience do not belong to,........................43 prayer to serve humanity................................................163 purpose of joining,.........37, 85 responsibilities of joining,...............................................147 treatment of poor by,.........162 who enters,........................188 jealousy evil of,.................................81 staying away from,.................................................126, 156 jizyah abolishment of,..................183 Judgement Day hardship of.........................162 person dearest to Holy Prophet Muhammad sa on,.................................................62, 125

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND THE R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 294 K Khalifah Allah safeguards the consequences of the decisions of,...................202 asks nothing against the Divine commandments or common sense..............................202 lesser sanctity of in comparison to Prophets....................203 obedience to, in schemes and programs........................205 possibility of minor errors by........................203 sacrifices at the call of,........256 will not instruct against divine comandments or common sense...............179 Khalifatul Masih I ra first person to take bai‘at with Promised Messiah as..........12 love of the Holy Qur‘an....234 on feeding the hungry........161 on understanding of obedience......................173 Promised Messiahs’ as accounts of sacrifices of,.......245,264 shirk described by,................19 Khalifatul Masih II ra help to refugees during partition,........................262 writings about khil a fat 174, 203 khil a fat righteous, established after the passing of the Promised Messiah as........................206 system established by Allah......................................174 will last till the end of time,..........................174 kindness to animals...........................260 to poor...............................261 towards creation of Allah..............................147, 150 knowledge search of,............................157 L lottery prohibition of,....................233 love perfect understanding is root of,..........................146 lying characteristic of a hypocrite........................................23 children’s upbringing and,........................................24 hell and,...............................24 in trades...............................34 results in loss of credibility....25

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Subject Index 295 M ma‘r u f and ghair ma‘r u f directives...200 Mahd i doctrine of bloody,..............45 man has no reason to be proud..123 modesty for,.........................30 must seek Allah with humility.........................131 need for heavently light.....130 Maulav i Burh a n-ud-D i n ra gratitude to Allah on being mistreated in his path.....226 meek commandment adopt,..........88 Holy Prophet Muhammad sa love for,.........................136 meekness arrogance and,...................134 Messiah command of Allah to accept,...........................170 mischief seek not, in the earth...........41 modesty characteristic of a true believer..........................239 men and women..................31 moral training of children...........................24 morality truthfulness and,...................25 mosque attending,.............................52 Mother of Chaudhry Z afrull a h Kh a n ra abhorence of shirk by,.........208 treatment of enemies by,....258 Muslim covering faults of,...............157 does not wrong his brother......................................156 Prayer obligatory on.............56 prohibition of thinking poorly of another,.......................83 six obligations with regards to other,.............155 sufferings an expiation for sins of,........................93 sympathy for,.....................160 muttaq i Allah loves.........................165 N naw a fil offering of,...........................58

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND THE R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 296 non-Ahmad i s addmissions of marvelous changes among Ahmad i s......................................276 Nu s rat Jah a n Scheme launch of,..........................256 O obedience Muslims of the early era as examples of great,..........179 necessary only in ma‘r u f decisions........................176 of believers........................204 superior example of,..........179 truly due to Allah alone.......22 orphans Hadrat M i r Muhammad Is ha q’s ra treatment of,.....260 P Pakistan sacrifices by Ahmad i s during the establishement of,...........262 paradise deeds leading to,..................24 glad tidings of,...................106 poor will enter earlier than others.............................159 six things assure entry into,...30 tied to truthfulness...............23 passions condition of bai‘at regarding controlling,....................218 Islamic teachings to fight,.....32 sacrificing of,........................46 Satan and,............................46 suppression of, by Sayyed ‘Abdus Satt a r Sh a h ra.......219 patience example of, by community members........................219 people who do not show, do not belong to Jam a ‘at.......43 real time to show when tragedy strikes..................95 under all circumstances.......223 persecution worst than killing.................44 poor helping of,..........................162 qualities which will make them enter Paradise.................159 Prayers alertness and promptness of,......................................144 arrogance and,....................129 becomes obligatory at age of ten...............................51 being freed from obligation of,....................56

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Subject Index 297 Chaudhry Na s rull a h Kh a n’s ra regularity in,..................217 comfort of eyes in,...............53 concentration in,............54, 57 condition of bai‘at regarding,......................211 essence lies in supplications........................................54 establishment of,..........51, 142 example of regularity in,....212 importance of,.............55, 140 love of Naw a b ‘Abdull a h Kh a n ra for,.....................213 Mirz a Ayy u b Beig’s ra regularity in,..................215 neglecting brings closer to apostasy and disbelief........53 observance of,..........52, 55, 56 passionate devotion of B a b u Faq i r ‘Al i ra in,.......217 Prologation in, by Mirz a Ayy u b Beig ra.................215 pride characteristic of Satan.........121 Promised Messiah as advice at the first bai‘at.........12 advice to Jam a ‘at to shun arrogance.......................132 as defender of Islam................7 commanded by Allah to take bai‘at..................................8 disliking that all types of people take his bai‘at.....................9 expectations from community members........................204 first announcement regarding bai‘at by,............................9 first bai‘at taken by,..............12 humbleness of,...................122 marvellous example on death of son.......................9 mull a hs’ use of vulgar language against,............185 on directives given by the Holy Prophet Muhammad sa................................................201 purpose of taking bai‘at at hand of,........................10 status of,.....................183, 184 taking first bai‘at at house of Hadrat S u fi Ahmad Jan ra........................................12 Ten Conditions of Bai‘at published by,...................xxi Prophet can never give directive that is not ma‘r u f........................200 greater sanctity enjoyed by......................................203 never against the command of Allah..........................172 safeguarding oneself by accepting........................201 purdah women enjoined to observe,.............................108

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND THE R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 298 R Rab u biyyat attributes of Allah.................18 rebellion government and,..................44 safeguarding from,...............43 repentance two types of,........................14 rights two categories of,...............159 usurping of,.........................37 S sacrifice high standards of,...............243 in response Khalifah’s call...256 of self,................................146 s adaqah wealth does not decrease by giving,......................135 Sahibz a dah Sayyed ‘Abdul La ti f Shah i d ra humility and selflessness.....243 status and sacrifices of,........249 salam Holy Prophet sa to Messiah and Mahd i.....................183 use of,................................155 salvation human blood not needed for,.....................146 meaning of,........................146 Unity of Allah and,..............18 Satan Allah protects the Jam a ‘at against attacks of,............154 anger comes from,................84 arrogance of,......................128 carnal passions and,...............46 leading man astray..............122 making men careless about their faith.........................13 pride and arrogance............121 shar i ‘ah decisions of Prophet and Khalifah according to,.....202 Holy Qur’an completes,........................................110, 231 shirk and secret desires..................16 condition of bai‘at prohibiting,......................................207 described by Hadrat Khalifatul Masih I ra..........19 falsehood and,......................22 forms of,..............................17 great sin...............................15 Holy Prophet sa warning concerning,......................16 not forgiven by Allah...........15 wide connotation of,............16

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Subject Index 299 Shudh i campaign response of Ahmad i s to,.....248 sick obligation to visit,..............155 sins all forgiven except shirk........16 forgiven with repentance.....14 nine kinds of,.......................21 salvation from,...................145 sufferings of a Muslim are an expiation for,...............93 three roots of,....................125 smoking evil effects of,.....................231 social service good habit.........................155 steadfastness of ‘Abdur-Ra h m a n Kh a n ra.100 shown by Sahibz a dah Sayyed ‘Abdul La ti f Shah i d ra......100 S u f i Ahmad Jan ra first bai‘at taken at house of,.12 supplications essence of Prayer lies in........54 T tahajjud condition of bai‘at regading,........................211 getting up for,......................59 incumbent for members to offer,............................59 offering of,...........................88 taqw a light of,..............................130 people of,...........................138 Tau hi d meaning of,..........................17 truthfulness believer speaks,....................24 h ad i th about,..................23, 30 justice and,...........................27 leads to Paradise.............23, 24 means to free from all sins....21 morality and,........................25 natural condition of man......25 U ‘ulema’ condition in latter days.........78 ummah Messiah will save,...............184 Umm-ul-Mo’min i n patience of,........................228 United States examples of marvellous sacrifices in,....................248

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C ONDITIONS OF B AI ‘ AT AND THE R ESPONSIBILITIES OF AN A H MAD I 300 Unity three types of particularisation,...............18 V veil Islamic teachings on,............31 vice refraining from,....................32 vision of Mirz a Ayy u b Beig ra about Holy Prophet sa and Promised Messiah as........215 W wealth charity does not reduce,.....158 spend in the way of Allah...136 wicked Hell and,..............................34 prayer of the,.......................35 saving oneself from becoming,........................33 wife mistreatment of, by husbands........................123 waking up for prayer............59 women modesty for,.........................31 prohibition against gazing at,..........................32 taking of bai‘at by...............200 taking pledge from Holy Prophet Muhammad sa........7 wearing the veil...........31, 108 world give faith preference over,..139 worship definition of,........................19 Y youth transformation in, after taking bai‘at..............................216 Z zak a t commandment of,................31 giving of,.....................52, 142 importance of,....................140 obligatory with certain prerequisites.....................55

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